Mitigation Approaches to Combat the Flu Pandemic
Identifieur interne : 000513 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 000512; suivant : 000514Mitigation Approaches to Combat the Flu Pandemic
Auteurs : Raman Chawla ; Rakesh Kumar Sharma ; Deepali Madaan ; Neha Dubey ; Rajesh Arora ; Rajeev Goel ; Shefali Singh ; Vinod Kaushik ; Pankaj Kumar Singh ; Vivek Chabbra ; Janak Raj BhardwajSource :
- Journal of Global Infectious Diseases [ 0974-777X ] ; 2009.
Abstract
Management of flu pandemic is a perpetual challenge for the medical fraternity since time immemorial. Animal to human transmission has been observed thrice in the last century within an average range of 11-39 years of antigenic recycling. The recent outbreak of influenza A (H1N1, also termed as swine flu), first reported in Mexico on April 26, 2009, occurred in the forty first year since last reported flu pandemic (July 1968). Within less than 50 days, it has assumed pandemic proportions (phase VI) affecting over 76 countries with 163 deaths/35,928 cases (as on 15th June 2009). It indicated the re-emergence of genetically reassorted virus having strains endemic to humans, swine and avian (H5N1). The World Health Organisation (WHO) member states have already pulled up their socks and geared up to combat such criticalities. Earlier outbreaks of avian flu (H5N1) in different countries led WHO to develop pandemic preparedness strategies with national/regional plans on pandemic preparedness. Numerous factors related to climatic conditions, socio-economic strata, governance and sharing of information/logistics at all levels have been considered critical indicators in monitoring the dynamics of escalation towards a pandemic situation.
The National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA), Government of India, with the active cooperation of UN agencies and other stakeholders/experts has formulated a concept paper on role of nonhealth service providers during pandemics in April 2008 and released national guidelines - management of biological disasters in July 2008. These guidelines enumerate that the success of medical management endeavors like pharmaceutical (anti-viral Oseltamivir and Zanamivir therapies), nonpharmaceutical interventions and vaccination development etc., largely depends on level of resistance offered by mutagenic viral strain and rationale use of pharmaco therapeutic interventions. This article describes the mitigation approach to combat flu pandemic with its effective implementation at national, state and local levels.
Url:
DOI: 10.4103/0974-777X.56258
PubMed: 20300402
PubMed Central: 2840954
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
- to stream Pmc, to step Corpus: Pour aller vers cette notice dans l'étape Curation :000513
Links to Exploration step
PMC:2840954Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Mitigation Approaches to Combat the Flu Pandemic</title>
<author><name sortKey="Chawla, Raman" sort="Chawla, Raman" uniqKey="Chawla R" first="Raman" last="Chawla">Raman Chawla</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0001"></nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sharma, Rakesh Kumar" sort="Sharma, Rakesh Kumar" uniqKey="Sharma R" first="Rakesh Kumar" last="Sharma">Rakesh Kumar Sharma</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0001"></nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Madaan, Deepali" sort="Madaan, Deepali" uniqKey="Madaan D" first="Deepali" last="Madaan">Deepali Madaan</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0002"><italic>High Throughput Screening Lab, Jubilant Biosys Ltd, “Jubilant Discovery Center”, #92, Industrial Suburb, 2<sup>nd</sup>
Stage, Industrial Area, Yeshwantpur, Bangalore - 560 022, India</italic>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dubey, Neha" sort="Dubey, Neha" uniqKey="Dubey N" first="Neha" last="Dubey">Neha Dubey</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0001"></nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Arora, Rajesh" sort="Arora, Rajesh" uniqKey="Arora R" first="Rajesh" last="Arora">Rajesh Arora</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0001"></nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Goel, Rajeev" sort="Goel, Rajeev" uniqKey="Goel R" first="Rajeev" last="Goel">Rajeev Goel</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0001"></nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Singh, Shefali" sort="Singh, Shefali" uniqKey="Singh S" first="Shefali" last="Singh">Shefali Singh</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0001"></nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kaushik, Vinod" sort="Kaushik, Vinod" uniqKey="Kaushik V" first="Vinod" last="Kaushik">Vinod Kaushik</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0001"></nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Singh, Pankaj Kumar" sort="Singh, Pankaj Kumar" uniqKey="Singh P" first="Pankaj Kumar" last="Singh">Pankaj Kumar Singh</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0003"><italic>National Disaster Management Authority, NDMA Bhawan, A-1, Safdarjung Enclave, Delhi - 110 029, India</italic>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chabbra, Vivek" sort="Chabbra, Vivek" uniqKey="Chabbra V" first="Vivek" last="Chabbra">Vivek Chabbra</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0003"><italic>National Disaster Management Authority, NDMA Bhawan, A-1, Safdarjung Enclave, Delhi - 110 029, India</italic>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bhardwaj, Janak Raj" sort="Bhardwaj, Janak Raj" uniqKey="Bhardwaj J" first="Janak Raj" last="Bhardwaj">Janak Raj Bhardwaj</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0003"><italic>National Disaster Management Authority, NDMA Bhawan, A-1, Safdarjung Enclave, Delhi - 110 029, India</italic>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno>
<idno type="pmid">20300402</idno>
<idno type="pmc">2840954</idno>
<idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2840954</idno>
<idno type="RBID">PMC:2840954</idno>
<idno type="doi">10.4103/0974-777X.56258</idno>
<date when="2009">2009</date>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000513</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000513</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000513</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000513</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Mitigation Approaches to Combat the Flu Pandemic</title>
<author><name sortKey="Chawla, Raman" sort="Chawla, Raman" uniqKey="Chawla R" first="Raman" last="Chawla">Raman Chawla</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0001"></nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sharma, Rakesh Kumar" sort="Sharma, Rakesh Kumar" uniqKey="Sharma R" first="Rakesh Kumar" last="Sharma">Rakesh Kumar Sharma</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0001"></nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Madaan, Deepali" sort="Madaan, Deepali" uniqKey="Madaan D" first="Deepali" last="Madaan">Deepali Madaan</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0002"><italic>High Throughput Screening Lab, Jubilant Biosys Ltd, “Jubilant Discovery Center”, #92, Industrial Suburb, 2<sup>nd</sup>
Stage, Industrial Area, Yeshwantpur, Bangalore - 560 022, India</italic>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dubey, Neha" sort="Dubey, Neha" uniqKey="Dubey N" first="Neha" last="Dubey">Neha Dubey</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0001"></nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Arora, Rajesh" sort="Arora, Rajesh" uniqKey="Arora R" first="Rajesh" last="Arora">Rajesh Arora</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0001"></nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Goel, Rajeev" sort="Goel, Rajeev" uniqKey="Goel R" first="Rajeev" last="Goel">Rajeev Goel</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0001"></nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Singh, Shefali" sort="Singh, Shefali" uniqKey="Singh S" first="Shefali" last="Singh">Shefali Singh</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0001"></nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kaushik, Vinod" sort="Kaushik, Vinod" uniqKey="Kaushik V" first="Vinod" last="Kaushik">Vinod Kaushik</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0001"></nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Singh, Pankaj Kumar" sort="Singh, Pankaj Kumar" uniqKey="Singh P" first="Pankaj Kumar" last="Singh">Pankaj Kumar Singh</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0003"><italic>National Disaster Management Authority, NDMA Bhawan, A-1, Safdarjung Enclave, Delhi - 110 029, India</italic>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chabbra, Vivek" sort="Chabbra, Vivek" uniqKey="Chabbra V" first="Vivek" last="Chabbra">Vivek Chabbra</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0003"><italic>National Disaster Management Authority, NDMA Bhawan, A-1, Safdarjung Enclave, Delhi - 110 029, India</italic>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bhardwaj, Janak Raj" sort="Bhardwaj, Janak Raj" uniqKey="Bhardwaj J" first="Janak Raj" last="Bhardwaj">Janak Raj Bhardwaj</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0003"><italic>National Disaster Management Authority, NDMA Bhawan, A-1, Safdarjung Enclave, Delhi - 110 029, India</italic>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">Journal of Global Infectious Diseases</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0974-777X</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">0974-8245</idno>
<imprint><date when="2009">2009</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass></textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Management of flu pandemic is a perpetual challenge for the medical fraternity since time immemorial. Animal to human transmission has been observed thrice in the last century within an average range of 11-39 years of antigenic recycling. The recent outbreak of influenza A (H1N1, also termed as swine flu), first reported in Mexico on April 26, 2009, occurred in the forty first year since last reported flu pandemic (July 1968). Within less than 50 days, it has assumed pandemic proportions (phase VI) affecting over 76 countries with 163 deaths/35,928 cases (as on 15<sup>th</sup>
June 2009). It indicated the re-emergence of genetically reassorted virus having strains endemic to humans, swine and avian (H5N1). The World Health Organisation (WHO) member states have already pulled up their socks and geared up to combat such criticalities. Earlier outbreaks of avian flu (H5N1) in different countries led WHO to develop pandemic preparedness strategies with national/regional plans on pandemic preparedness. Numerous factors related to climatic conditions, socio-economic strata, governance and sharing of information/logistics at all levels have been considered critical indicators in monitoring the dynamics of escalation towards a pandemic situation.</p>
<p>The National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA), Government of India, with the active cooperation of UN agencies and other stakeholders/experts has formulated a concept paper on role of nonhealth service providers during pandemics in April 2008 and released national guidelines - management of biological disasters in July 2008. These guidelines enumerate that the success of medical management endeavors like pharmaceutical (anti-viral Oseltamivir and Zanamivir therapies), nonpharmaceutical interventions and vaccination development etc., largely depends on level of resistance offered by mutagenic viral strain and rationale use of pharmaco therapeutic interventions. This article describes the mitigation approach to combat flu pandemic with its effective implementation at national, state and local levels.</p>
</div>
</front>
<back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Akukwe, C" uniqKey="Akukwe C">C Akukwe</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rogerson, Ct" uniqKey="Rogerson C">CT Rogerson</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Samuels, Gj" uniqKey="Samuels G">GJ Samuels</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Honigsbaum, M" uniqKey="Honigsbaum M">M Honigsbaum</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kleinman, Am" uniqKey="Kleinman A">AM Kleinman</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bioom, Br" uniqKey="Bioom B">BR BIoom</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Saich, A" uniqKey="Saich A">A Saich</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mason, Ka" uniqKey="Mason K">KA Mason</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Aulino, F" uniqKey="Aulino F">F Aulino</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ong, A" uniqKey="Ong A">A Ong</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kindhauser, M" uniqKey="Kindhauser M">M Kindhauser</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Smith, I" uniqKey="Smith I">I Smith</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chan, M" uniqKey="Chan M">M Chan</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Clem, A" uniqKey="Clem A">A Clem</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Galwankar, S" uniqKey="Galwankar S">S Galwankar</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Riedel, S" uniqKey="Riedel S">S Riedel</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rao, Bl" uniqKey="Rao B">BL Rao</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Satyanarayana, K" uniqKey="Satyanarayana K">K Satyanarayana</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chawla, R" uniqKey="Chawla R">R Chawla</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sharma, Rk" uniqKey="Sharma R">RK Sharma</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bhardwaj, Jr" uniqKey="Bhardwaj J">JR Bhardwaj</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Van Tam, J" uniqKey="Van Tam J">J Van-Tam</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Waters, Jb" uniqKey="Waters J">JB Waters</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Guidotti, T" uniqKey="Guidotti T">T Guidotti</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Zinkovich, L" uniqKey="Zinkovich L">L Zinkovich</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Malvey, D" uniqKey="Malvey D">D Malvey</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hamby, E" uniqKey="Hamby E">E Hamby</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fottler, M" uniqKey="Fottler M">M Fottler</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Barrett, R" uniqKey="Barrett R">R Barrett</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Brown, Pj" uniqKey="Brown P">PJ Brown</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wu, Jt" uniqKey="Wu J">JT Wu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Riley, S" uniqKey="Riley S">S Riley</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fraser, C" uniqKey="Fraser C">C Fraser</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Leung, Gm" uniqKey="Leung G">GM Leung</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Govorkova, Ea" uniqKey="Govorkova E">EA Govorkova</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fang, Hb" uniqKey="Fang H">HB Fang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tan, M" uniqKey="Tan M">M Tan</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Webster, Rg" uniqKey="Webster R">RG Webster</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ungchusak, K" uniqKey="Ungchusak K">K Ungchusak</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Auewarakul, P" uniqKey="Auewarakul P">P Auewarakul</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dowell, Sf" uniqKey="Dowell S">SF Dowell</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Proenca Modena, Jl" uniqKey="Proenca Modena J">JL Proenca-Modena</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Macedo, Is" uniqKey="Macedo I">IS Macedo</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Arruda, E" uniqKey="Arruda E">E Arruda</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Zhao, Zm" uniqKey="Zhao Z">ZM Zhao</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kennedy, F" uniqKey="Kennedy F">F Kennedy</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Shortridge" uniqKey="Shortridge">Shortridge</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Maricarmen, G" uniqKey="Maricarmen G">G Maricarmen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Guan, Y" uniqKey="Guan Y">Y Guan</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wan, Xf" uniqKey="Wan X">XF Wan</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Monto, As" uniqKey="Monto A">AS Monto</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Whitley, Rj" uniqKey="Whitley R">RJ Whitley</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mohan, U" uniqKey="Mohan U">U Mohan</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Viswanadham, N" uniqKey="Viswanadham N">N Viswanadham</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Prachi, T" uniqKey="Prachi T">T Prachi</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Tai, Dy" uniqKey="Tai D">DY Tai</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Morens, Dm" uniqKey="Morens D">DM Morens</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fauci, As" uniqKey="Fauci A">AS Fauci</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sagar, G" uniqKey="Sagar G">G Sagar</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Angela, C" uniqKey="Angela C">C Angela</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ravi, V" uniqKey="Ravi V">V Ravi</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Desikan, P" uniqKey="Desikan P">P Desikan</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wang, Tt" uniqKey="Wang T">TT Wang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Palese, P" uniqKey="Palese P">P Palese</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Melidou, A" uniqKey="Melidou A">A Melidou</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gioula, G" uniqKey="Gioula G">G Gioula</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Exindari, M" uniqKey="Exindari M">M Exindari</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chatzidimitriou, D" uniqKey="Chatzidimitriou D">D Chatzidimitriou</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Matafsi, Ed" uniqKey="Matafsi E">ED Matafsi</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Baden, Lr" uniqKey="Baden L">LR Baden</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Drazen, Jm" uniqKey="Drazen J">JM Drazen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kritek, Pa" uniqKey="Kritek P">PA Kritek</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Curfman, Gd" uniqKey="Curfman G">GD Curfman</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Morrissey, S" uniqKey="Morrissey S">S Morrissey</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Campion, Ew" uniqKey="Campion E">EW Campion</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Clem, A" uniqKey="Clem A">A Clem</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Galwankar, S" uniqKey="Galwankar S">S Galwankar</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Butler, D" uniqKey="Butler D">D Butler</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Fraser, C" uniqKey="Fraser C">C Fraser</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Donnelly, C" uniqKey="Donnelly C">C Donnelly</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cauchemez, S" uniqKey="Cauchemez S">S Cauchemez</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hanage, Wp" uniqKey="Hanage W">WP Hanage</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Van Kerkhove, Md" uniqKey="Van Kerkhove M">MD Van Kerkhove</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hollingsworth, Td" uniqKey="Hollingsworth T">TD Hollingsworth</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sills, J" uniqKey="Sills J">J Sills</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mallady, Sv" uniqKey="Mallady S">SV Mallady</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Thacker, T" uniqKey="Thacker T">T Thacker</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Nadkar, My" uniqKey="Nadkar M">MY Nadkar</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Subramanian, S" uniqKey="Subramanian S">S Subramanian</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ingole, N" uniqKey="Ingole N">N Ingole</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ten Eyck, Rp" uniqKey="Ten Eyck R">RP Ten Eyck</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Apisarnthanarak, A" uniqKey="Apisarnthanarak A">A Apisarnthanarak</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Warren, Dk" uniqKey="Warren D">DK Warren</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fraser, Vj" uniqKey="Fraser V">VJ Fraser</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Edwards, Jc" uniqKey="Edwards J">JC Edwards</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Silenas, R" uniqKey="Silenas R">R Silenas</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Akins, R" uniqKey="Akins R">R Akins</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Parrish, Ar" uniqKey="Parrish A">AR Parrish</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Nuno, M" uniqKey="Nuno M">M Nuno</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chowell, G" uniqKey="Chowell G">G Chowell</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gumel, Ab" uniqKey="Gumel A">AB Gumel</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Qiao, C" uniqKey="Qiao C">C Qiao</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tian, G" uniqKey="Tian G">G Tian</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jiang, Y" uniqKey="Jiang Y">Y Jiang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Li, Y" uniqKey="Li Y">Y Li</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Shi, J" uniqKey="Shi J">J Shi</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Yu, K" uniqKey="Yu K">K Yu</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Riley, S" uniqKey="Riley S">S Riley</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wu, Jt" uniqKey="Wu J">JT Wu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Leung, Gm" uniqKey="Leung G">GM Leung</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Baras, B" uniqKey="Baras B">B Baras</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Stittelaar, Kj" uniqKey="Stittelaar K">KJ Stittelaar</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Simon, Jh" uniqKey="Simon J">JH Simon</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Thoolen, Rj" uniqKey="Thoolen R">RJ Thoolen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mossman, Sp" uniqKey="Mossman S">SP Mossman</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pistoor, Fh" uniqKey="Pistoor F">FH Pistoor</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wright, Pf" uniqKey="Wright P">PF Wright</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Neumann, G" uniqKey="Neumann G">G Neumann</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fujji, K" uniqKey="Fujji K">K Fujji</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kino, Y" uniqKey="Kino Y">Y Kino</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kawaoka, Y" uniqKey="Kawaoka Y">Y Kawaoka</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Peiris, Js" uniqKey="Peiris J">JS Peiris</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Poon, Ll" uniqKey="Poon L">LL Poon</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Guan, Y" uniqKey="Guan Y">Y Guan</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Shuji, M" uniqKey="Shuji M">M Shuji</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Norio, S" uniqKey="Norio S">S Norio</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mutsumil, I" uniqKey="Mutsumil I">I Mutsumil</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Masahiko, Y" uniqKey="Masahiko Y">Y Masahiko</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Masataka, I" uniqKey="Masataka I">I Masataka</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kazuhiro, K" uniqKey="Kazuhiro K">K Kazuhiro</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Frankel, Jc" uniqKey="Frankel J">JC Frankel</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Nap, Re" uniqKey="Nap R">RE Nap</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Andriessen, Mp" uniqKey="Andriessen M">MP Andriessen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Meessen, Ne" uniqKey="Meessen N">NE Meessen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Vander Werf, Ts" uniqKey="Vander Werf T">TS Vander Werf</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lim, Mk" uniqKey="Lim M">MK Lim</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Fineberg, Hv" uniqKey="Fineberg H">HV Fineberg</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Maldin Morgentha, B" uniqKey="Maldin Morgentha B">B Maldin-Morgentha</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Toner, E" uniqKey="Toner E">E Toner</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wilkinso, D" uniqKey="Wilkinso D">D Wilkinso</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Horwitz, B" uniqKey="Horwitz B">B Horwitz</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Anton, K" uniqKey="Anton K">K Anton</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Inglesbi, Tv" uniqKey="Inglesbi T">TV Inglesbi</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Westergaard, Jm" uniqKey="Westergaard J">JM Westergaard</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Westergaard, Jm" uniqKey="Westergaard J">JM Westergaard</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Khan, Sa" uniqKey="Khan S">SA Khan</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rao, Pg" uniqKey="Rao P">PG Rao</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kumar, P" uniqKey="Kumar P">P Kumar</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rodrigues, G" uniqKey="Rodrigues G">G Rodrigues</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
</listBibl>
</div1>
</back>
</TEI>
<pmc article-type="other"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">J Glob Infect Dis</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">JGID</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>Journal of Global Infectious Diseases</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">0974-777X</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">0974-8245</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Medknow Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>India</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">20300402</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">2840954</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">JGID-01-117</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.4103/0974-777X.56258</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Global Health Report</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>Mitigation Approaches to Combat the Flu Pandemic</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Chawla</surname>
<given-names>Raman</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0001"></xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sharma</surname>
<given-names>Rakesh Kumar</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0001"></xref>
<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"></xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Madaan</surname>
<given-names>Deepali</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0002">1</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Dubey</surname>
<given-names>Neha</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0001"></xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Arora</surname>
<given-names>Rajesh</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0001"></xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Goel</surname>
<given-names>Rajeev</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0001"></xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Singh</surname>
<given-names>Shefali</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0001"></xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kaushik</surname>
<given-names>Vinod</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0001"></xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Singh</surname>
<given-names>Pankaj Kumar</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0003">2</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Chabbra</surname>
<given-names>Vivek</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0003">2</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Bhardwaj</surname>
<given-names>Janak Raj</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0003">2</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="AF0001"><italic>Division of CBRN Defense, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig SK Mazumdar Marg, Delhi - 110 054, India</italic>
</aff>
<aff id="AF0002"><label>1</label>
<italic>High Throughput Screening Lab, Jubilant Biosys Ltd, “Jubilant Discovery Center”, #92, Industrial Suburb, 2<sup>nd</sup>
Stage, Industrial Area, Yeshwantpur, Bangalore - 560 022, India</italic>
</aff>
<aff id="AF0003"><label>2</label>
<italic>National Disaster Management Authority, NDMA Bhawan, A-1, Safdarjung Enclave, Delhi - 110 029, India</italic>
</aff>
<author-notes><corresp id="cor1"><bold>Address for correspondence:</bold>
Dr. Rakesh Kumar Sharma, E-mail: <email xlink:href="rksharmadrl@yahoo.com">rksharmadrl@yahoo.com</email>
</corresp>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><season>Jul-Dec</season>
<year>2009</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>1</volume>
<issue>2</issue>
<fpage>117</fpage>
<lpage>130</lpage>
<permissions><copyright-statement>© Journal of Global Infectious Diseases</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2009</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/"><license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<abstract><p>Management of flu pandemic is a perpetual challenge for the medical fraternity since time immemorial. Animal to human transmission has been observed thrice in the last century within an average range of 11-39 years of antigenic recycling. The recent outbreak of influenza A (H1N1, also termed as swine flu), first reported in Mexico on April 26, 2009, occurred in the forty first year since last reported flu pandemic (July 1968). Within less than 50 days, it has assumed pandemic proportions (phase VI) affecting over 76 countries with 163 deaths/35,928 cases (as on 15<sup>th</sup>
June 2009). It indicated the re-emergence of genetically reassorted virus having strains endemic to humans, swine and avian (H5N1). The World Health Organisation (WHO) member states have already pulled up their socks and geared up to combat such criticalities. Earlier outbreaks of avian flu (H5N1) in different countries led WHO to develop pandemic preparedness strategies with national/regional plans on pandemic preparedness. Numerous factors related to climatic conditions, socio-economic strata, governance and sharing of information/logistics at all levels have been considered critical indicators in monitoring the dynamics of escalation towards a pandemic situation.</p>
<p>The National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA), Government of India, with the active cooperation of UN agencies and other stakeholders/experts has formulated a concept paper on role of nonhealth service providers during pandemics in April 2008 and released national guidelines - management of biological disasters in July 2008. These guidelines enumerate that the success of medical management endeavors like pharmaceutical (anti-viral Oseltamivir and Zanamivir therapies), nonpharmaceutical interventions and vaccination development etc., largely depends on level of resistance offered by mutagenic viral strain and rationale use of pharmaco therapeutic interventions. This article describes the mitigation approach to combat flu pandemic with its effective implementation at national, state and local levels.</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group><kwd>Anti-viral therapies</kwd>
<kwd>Flu</kwd>
<kwd>H1N1</kwd>
<kwd>H5N1</kwd>
<kwd>Pandemics</kwd>
<kwd>Vaccination</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
</record>
Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Sante/explor/H2N2V1/Data/Pmc/Curation
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 000513 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Pmc/Curation/biblio.hfd -nk 000513 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien |wiki= Sante |area= H2N2V1 |flux= Pmc |étape= Curation |type= RBID |clé= PMC:2840954 |texte= Mitigation Approaches to Combat the Flu Pandemic }}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Pmc/Curation/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:20300402" \ | HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Pmc/Curation/biblio.hfd \ | NlmPubMed2Wicri -a H2N2V1
![]() | This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.33. | ![]() |