Molecular constraints to interspecies transmission of viral pathogens
Identifieur interne : 000237 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 000236; suivant : 000238Molecular constraints to interspecies transmission of viral pathogens
Auteurs : Richard Webby ; Erich Hoffmann ; Robert WebsterSource :
- Nature Medicine [ 1078-8956 ] ; 2004.
Abstract
The successful replication of a viral pathogen in a host is a complex process involving many interactions. These interactions develop from the coevolution of pathogen and host and often lead to a species specificity of the virus that can make interspecies transmissions difficult. Nevertheless, viruses do sporadically cross species barriers into other host populations, including humans. In zoonotic infections, many of these interspecies transfer events are dead end, where transmission is confined only to the animal-to-human route but sometimes viruses adapt to enable spread from human to human. A pathogen must overcome many hurdles to replicate successfully in a foreign host. The viral pathogen must enter the host cell, replicate with the assistance of host factors, evade inhibitory host products, exit the first cell and move on to the next, and possibly leave the initial host and transmit to another. Each of these stages may require adaptive changes in the pathogen. Although the factors that influence each stage of the replication and transmission of most agents have not been resolved, the genomics of both hosts and pathogens are now at hand and we have begun to understand some of the molecular changes that enable some viruses to adapt to a new host.
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DOI: 10.1038/nm1151
PubMed: 15577935
PubMed Central: 7095872
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These interactions develop from the coevolution of pathogen and host and often lead to a species specificity of the virus that can make interspecies transmissions difficult. Nevertheless, viruses do sporadically cross species barriers into other host populations, including humans. In zoonotic infections, many of these interspecies transfer events are dead end, where transmission is confined only to the animal-to-human route but sometimes viruses adapt to enable spread from human to human. A pathogen must overcome many hurdles to replicate successfully in a foreign host. The viral pathogen must enter the host cell, replicate with the assistance of host factors, evade inhibitory host products, exit the first cell and move on to the next, and possibly leave the initial host and transmit to another. Each of these stages may require adaptive changes in the pathogen. Although the factors that influence each stage of the replication and transmission of most agents have not been resolved, the genomics of both hosts and pathogens are now at hand and we have begun to understand some of the molecular changes that enable some viruses to adapt to a new host.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Smolinski, M" uniqKey="Smolinski M">M Smolinski</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hamburg, M" uniqKey="Hamburg M">M Hamburg</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lederberg, J" uniqKey="Lederberg J">J Lederberg</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Li, Ks" uniqKey="Li K">KS Li</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Nie, Y" uniqKey="Nie Y">Y Nie</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Meyer, Bj" uniqKey="Meyer B">BJ Meyer</name></author><author><name sortKey="De La 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Nat Med</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Nat. Med</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Nature Medicine</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1078-8956</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1546-170X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Nature Publishing Group US</publisher-name><publisher-loc>New York</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">15577935</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">7095872</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">BFnm1151</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1038/nm1151</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Molecular constraints to interspecies transmission of viral pathogens</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Webby</surname><given-names>Richard</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Hoffmann</surname><given-names>Erich</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Webster</surname><given-names>Robert</given-names></name><address><email>robert.webster@stjude.org</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1"></xref></contrib><aff id="Aff1"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.240871.8</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 0224 711X</institution-id><institution>Department of Infectious Diseases,</institution><institution>St. Jude Children's Research Hospital,</institution></institution-wrap>Memphis, 38105 Tennessee USA</aff></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><year>2004</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>Suppl 12</issue><fpage>S77</fpage><lpage>S81</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>© Nature Publishing Group 2004</copyright-statement><license><license-p>This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract id="Abs1"><p id="Par1">The successful replication of a viral pathogen in a host is a complex process involving many interactions. These interactions develop from the coevolution of pathogen and host and often lead to a species specificity of the virus that can make interspecies transmissions difficult. Nevertheless, viruses do sporadically cross species barriers into other host populations, including humans. In zoonotic infections, many of these interspecies transfer events are dead end, where transmission is confined only to the animal-to-human route but sometimes viruses adapt to enable spread from human to human. A pathogen must overcome many hurdles to replicate successfully in a foreign host. The viral pathogen must enter the host cell, replicate with the assistance of host factors, evade inhibitory host products, exit the first cell and move on to the next, and possibly leave the initial host and transmit to another. Each of these stages may require adaptive changes in the pathogen. Although the factors that influence each stage of the replication and transmission of most agents have not been resolved, the genomics of both hosts and pathogens are now at hand and we have begun to understand some of the molecular changes that enable some viruses to adapt to a new host.</p></abstract><custom-meta-group><custom-meta><meta-name>issue-copyright-statement</meta-name><meta-value>© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature America, Inc. 2004</meta-value></custom-meta></custom-meta-group></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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