Links to Exploration step
Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">PB2 Protein of a Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus Strain A/chicken/Yamaguchi/7/2004 (H5N1) Determines Its Replication Potential in Pigs <xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1">▿</xref> </title><author><name sortKey="Manzoor, Rashid" sort="Manzoor, Rashid" uniqKey="Manzoor R" first="Rashid" last="Manzoor">Rashid Manzoor</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sakoda, Yoshihiro" sort="Sakoda, Yoshihiro" uniqKey="Sakoda Y" first="Yoshihiro" last="Sakoda">Yoshihiro Sakoda</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nomura, Naoki" sort="Nomura, Naoki" uniqKey="Nomura N" first="Naoki" last="Nomura">Naoki Nomura</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tsuda, Yoshimi" sort="Tsuda, Yoshimi" uniqKey="Tsuda Y" first="Yoshimi" last="Tsuda">Yoshimi Tsuda</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ozaki, Hiroichi" sort="Ozaki, Hiroichi" uniqKey="Ozaki H" first="Hiroichi" last="Ozaki">Hiroichi Ozaki</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Okamatsu, Masatoshi" sort="Okamatsu, Masatoshi" uniqKey="Okamatsu M" first="Masatoshi" last="Okamatsu">Masatoshi Okamatsu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kida, Hiroshi" sort="Kida, Hiroshi" uniqKey="Kida H" first="Hiroshi" last="Kida">Hiroshi Kida</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">19052090</idno><idno type="pmc">2643778</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2643778</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:2643778</idno><idno type="doi">10.1128/JVI.01879-08</idno><date when="2008">2008</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000368</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000368</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">PB2 Protein of a Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus Strain A/chicken/Yamaguchi/7/2004 (H5N1) Determines Its Replication Potential in Pigs <xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1">▿</xref> </title><author><name sortKey="Manzoor, Rashid" sort="Manzoor, Rashid" uniqKey="Manzoor R" first="Rashid" last="Manzoor">Rashid Manzoor</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sakoda, Yoshihiro" sort="Sakoda, Yoshihiro" uniqKey="Sakoda Y" first="Yoshihiro" last="Sakoda">Yoshihiro Sakoda</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nomura, Naoki" sort="Nomura, Naoki" uniqKey="Nomura N" first="Naoki" last="Nomura">Naoki Nomura</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tsuda, Yoshimi" sort="Tsuda, Yoshimi" uniqKey="Tsuda Y" first="Yoshimi" last="Tsuda">Yoshimi Tsuda</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ozaki, Hiroichi" sort="Ozaki, Hiroichi" uniqKey="Ozaki H" first="Hiroichi" last="Ozaki">Hiroichi Ozaki</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Okamatsu, Masatoshi" sort="Okamatsu, Masatoshi" uniqKey="Okamatsu M" first="Masatoshi" last="Okamatsu">Masatoshi Okamatsu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kida, Hiroshi" sort="Kida, Hiroshi" uniqKey="Kida H" first="Hiroshi" last="Kida">Hiroshi Kida</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Journal of Virology</title><idno type="ISSN">0022-538X</idno><idno type="eISSN">1098-5514</idno><imprint><date when="2008">2008</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>It has been shown that not all but most of the avian influenza viruses replicate in the upper respiratory tract of pigs (H. Kida et al., J. Gen. Virol. 75:2183-2188, 1994). It was shown that A/chicken/Yamaguchi/7/2004 (H5N1) [Ck/Yamaguchi/04 (H5N1)] did not replicate in pigs (N. Isoda et al., Arch. Virol. 151:1267-1279, 2006). In the present study, the genetic basis for this host range restriction was determined using reassortant viruses generated between Ck/Yamaguchi/04 (H5N1) and A/swine/Hokkaido/2/1981 (H1N1) [Sw/Hokkaido/81 (H1N1)]. Two in vivo-generated single-gene reassortant virus clones of the H5N1 subtype (virus clones 1 and 2), whose PB2 gene was of Sw/Hokkaido/81 (H1N1) origin and whose remaining seven genes were of Ck/Yamaguchi/04 (H5N1) origin, were recovered from the experimentally infected pigs. The replicative potential of virus clones 1 and 2 was further confirmed by using reassortant virus (rg-Ck-Sw/PB2) generated by reverse genetics. Interestingly, the PB2 gene of Ck/Yamaguchi/04 (H5N1) did not restrict the replication of Sw/Hokkaido/81 (H1N1), as determined by using reassortant virus rg-Sw-Ck/PB2. The rg-Sw-Ck/PB2 virus replicated to moderate levels and for a shorter duration than parental Sw/Hokkaido/81 (H1N1). Sequencing of two isolates recovered from the pigs inoculated with rg-Sw-Ck/PB2 revealed either the D256G or the E627K amino acid substitution in the PB2 proteins of the isolates. The D256G and E627K mutations enhanced viral polymerase activity in the mammalian cells, correlating with replication of virus in pigs. These results indicate that the PB2 protein restricts the growth of Ck/Yamaguchi/04 (H5N1) in pigs.</p></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">J Virol</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">jvi</journal-id><journal-title>Journal of Virology</journal-title><issn pub-type="ppub">0022-538X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1098-5514</issn><publisher><publisher-name>American Society for Microbiology (ASM)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">19052090</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">2643778</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1879-08</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1128/JVI.01879-08</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Genome Replication and Regulation of Viral Gene Expression</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>PB2 Protein of a Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus Strain A/chicken/Yamaguchi/7/2004 (H5N1) Determines Its Replication Potential in Pigs <xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1">▿</xref> </article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Manzoor</surname><given-names>Rashid</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sakoda</surname><given-names>Yoshihiro</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Nomura</surname><given-names>Naoki</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Tsuda</surname><given-names>Yoshimi</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ozaki</surname><given-names>Hiroichi</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Okamatsu</surname><given-names>Masatoshi</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kida</surname><given-names>Hiroshi</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">3</xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1">*</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1">Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan,<label>1</label> Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan,<label>2</label> Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan<label>3</label></aff><author-notes><fn id="cor1"><label>*</label><p>Corresponding author. Mailing address: Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, hokkaido university, Kita 18 Nishi 9, Kita-Ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan. Phone: (81) 11-706-5207. Fax: (81) 11-706-5273. E-mail: <email>kida@vetmed.hokudai.ac.jp</email></p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>2</month><year>2009</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>3</day><month>12</month><year>2008</year></pub-date><volume>83</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>1572</fpage><lpage>1578</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>7</day><month>9</month><year>2008</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>24</day><month>11</month><year>2008</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology</copyright-statement></permissions><self-uri xlink:title="pdf" xlink:href="zjv00409001572.pdf"></self-uri><abstract><p>It has been shown that not all but most of the avian influenza viruses replicate in the upper respiratory tract of pigs (H. Kida et al., J. Gen. Virol. 75:2183-2188, 1994). It was shown that A/chicken/Yamaguchi/7/2004 (H5N1) [Ck/Yamaguchi/04 (H5N1)] did not replicate in pigs (N. Isoda et al., Arch. Virol. 151:1267-1279, 2006). In the present study, the genetic basis for this host range restriction was determined using reassortant viruses generated between Ck/Yamaguchi/04 (H5N1) and A/swine/Hokkaido/2/1981 (H1N1) [Sw/Hokkaido/81 (H1N1)]. Two in vivo-generated single-gene reassortant virus clones of the H5N1 subtype (virus clones 1 and 2), whose PB2 gene was of Sw/Hokkaido/81 (H1N1) origin and whose remaining seven genes were of Ck/Yamaguchi/04 (H5N1) origin, were recovered from the experimentally infected pigs. The replicative potential of virus clones 1 and 2 was further confirmed by using reassortant virus (rg-Ck-Sw/PB2) generated by reverse genetics. Interestingly, the PB2 gene of Ck/Yamaguchi/04 (H5N1) did not restrict the replication of Sw/Hokkaido/81 (H1N1), as determined by using reassortant virus rg-Sw-Ck/PB2. The rg-Sw-Ck/PB2 virus replicated to moderate levels and for a shorter duration than parental Sw/Hokkaido/81 (H1N1). Sequencing of two isolates recovered from the pigs inoculated with rg-Sw-Ck/PB2 revealed either the D256G or the E627K amino acid substitution in the PB2 proteins of the isolates. The D256G and E627K mutations enhanced viral polymerase activity in the mammalian cells, correlating with replication of virus in pigs. These results indicate that the PB2 protein restricts the growth of Ck/Yamaguchi/04 (H5N1) in pigs.</p></abstract></article-meta></front><floats-wrap><table-wrap position="float" id="t1"><label>TABLE 1.</label><caption><p>Recovery and subtyping of virus clones from nasal swab samples</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th colspan="1" rowspan="2" align="center" valign="middle">Day postinoculation</th><th colspan="1" rowspan="2" align="center" valign="middle">Total no. of plaques picked</th><th colspan="2" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">No. of plaques of HA subtype:
<hr></hr></th></tr><tr><th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">H5</th><th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">H1</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">1</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">61</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">11</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">50</td></tr><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">2</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">38</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">−<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="t1fn1"><italic>a</italic></xref></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">38</td></tr><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">3</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">20</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">−</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">20</td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn id="t1fn1"><label>a</label><p>-, No H5 subtype virus clone was recovered.</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap><table-wrap position="float" id="t2"><label>TABLE 2.</label><caption><p>Genome segment origin and susceptibility of pigs to H5N1 subtype virus clones recovered from nasal swabs of inoculated pigs</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th colspan="1" rowspan="2" align="center" valign="middle">Virus clone(s)</th><th colspan="8" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">Genome segment origin<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="t2fn1"><italic>a</italic></xref><hr></hr></th><th colspan="2" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">Susceptibility of pigs to virus clone<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="t2fn2"><italic>b</italic></xref><hr></hr></th></tr><tr><th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">PB2</th><th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">PB1</th><th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">PA</th><th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">HA</th><th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">NP</th><th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">NA</th><th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">M</th><th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">ND</th><th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">Replication</th><th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">Antibody response</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">1</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Sw</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">+<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="t2fn3"><italic>c</italic></xref></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">+</td></tr><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">2</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Sw</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">+<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="t2fn4"><italic>d</italic></xref></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">+</td></tr><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">3</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">−</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">−</td></tr><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">4</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">−</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">−</td></tr><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">5-11<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="t2fn5"><italic>e</italic></xref></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">ND</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">ND</td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn id="t2fn1"><label>a</label><p>Genome segment origins were determined by partial sequencing. Sw, swine; Ck, chicken.</p></fn><fn id="t2fn2"><label>b</label><p>Inoculum contained 10<sup>7</sup> to 10<sup>7.5</sup> EID<sub>50</sub>/500 μl of viruses. ND, not determined.</p></fn><fn id="t2fn3"><label>c</label><p>Virus was recovered from days 2 to 5 p.i., and titers ranged from 10<sup>1.5</sup> to 10<sup>3.8</sup> EID<sub>50</sub>/ml.</p></fn><fn id="t2fn4"><label>d</label><p>Virus was recovered from days 1 to 3 p.i., and titers ranged from 10<sup>1.5</sup> to 10<sup>2.8</sup> EID<sub>50</sub>/ml.</p></fn><fn id="t2fn5"><label>e</label><p>Susceptibility of pigs to virus clones 5 to 11 was not determined.</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap><table-wrap position="float" id="t3"><label>TABLE 3.</label><caption><p>Virus titers in nasal swabs of pigs inoculated with viruses produced by reverse genetics</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th colspan="1" rowspan="2" align="center" valign="middle">Virus</th><th colspan="1" rowspan="2" align="center" valign="middle">Pig</th><th colspan="10" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">Virus titer (log10 EID<sub>50</sub>/ml) at p.i. day<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="t3fn1"><italic>a</italic></xref><hr></hr></th><th colspan="1" rowspan="2" align="center" valign="middle">Antibody response</th></tr><tr><th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">1</th><th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">2</th><th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">3</th><th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">4</th><th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">5</th><th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">6</th><th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">7</th><th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">8</th><th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">9</th><th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">10</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">rg-Ck/Yamaguchi/04 (H5N1)</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">1</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">—</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">—</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">—</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">—</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">—</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">—</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">—</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">ND</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">ND</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">ND</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">−</td></tr><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">2</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">—</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">—</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">—</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">—</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">—</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">—</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">—</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">ND</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">ND</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">ND</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">−</td></tr><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">rg- Sw/Hokkaido/81 (H1N1)</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">3</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">5.8</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">≥6.5</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">6.3</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">5.5</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">3.8</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">4.8</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">—</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">1.8</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">1.8</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">1.3</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">+</td></tr><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">4</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">5.3</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">≥6.5</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">6.3</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">5.8</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">2.5</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">3.3</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">—</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">—</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">3.5</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">2.3</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">+</td></tr><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">rg-Ck-Sw/PB2</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">5</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">3.5</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">3.8</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">1.3</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">—</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">—</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">—</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">—</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">ND</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">ND</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">ND</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">+</td></tr><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">6</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">—</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">1.5</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">1.3</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">—</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">—</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">ND</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">ND</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">ND</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">ND</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">ND</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">+</td></tr><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">rg-Sw-Ck/PB2</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">7</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">—</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">—</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">3.8<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="t3fn2"><italic>b</italic></xref></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">5.8</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">4.3</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">4.8</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">2.5</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">2.8</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">1.8</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">—</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">+</td></tr><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">8</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">—</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">—</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">1.3<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="t3fn2"><italic>b</italic></xref></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">3.5</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">2.3</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">4.8</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">3.5</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">2.8</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">—</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">—</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">+</td></tr><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">Pig 7-day 3</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">9</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">3.8</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">4.8</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">5.8</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">4.5</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">2.8</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">2.8</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">—</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">—</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">—</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">ND</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">+</td></tr><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">10</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">2.5</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">2.5</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">2.8</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">2.8</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">2.8</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">3.3</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">1.3</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">—</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">—</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">ND</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">+</td></tr><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">Pig 8-day 3</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">11</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">4.3</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">≥4.5</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">5.5</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">5.5</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">3.8</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">2.3</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">—</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">—</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">—</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">ND</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">+</td></tr><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">12</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">2.8</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">4.8</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">5.3</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">4.8</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">4.5</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="char" char="." valign="top">3.3</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">—</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">—</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">—</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">ND</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">+</td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn id="t3fn1"><label>a</label><p>ND, not determined; —, virus titer determined to be <1.5 log<sub>10</sub> EID<sub>50</sub>/ml.</p></fn><fn id="t3fn2"><label>b</label><p>Virus isolates were sequenced and results are shown in Table <xref ref-type="table" rid="t4">4</xref>.</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap><table-wrap position="float" id="t4"><label>TABLE 4.</label><caption><p>Comparison of amino acid sequences of PB2 gene products of isolates recovered from pigs inoculated with rg-Sw-Ck/PB2</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th colspan="1" rowspan="2" align="center" valign="middle">Virus isolate</th><th colspan="2" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">PB2 amino acid at:
<hr></hr></th></tr><tr><th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">Position 256</th><th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">Position 627</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">rg-Sw-Ck/PB2 (inoculum)</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">D</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">E</td></tr><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">Pig 7-day 3</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">D</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">K</td></tr><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">Pig 8-day 3</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">G</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">E</td></tr><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">rg-Sw/Hokkaido/81 (H1N1)</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">D</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">K</td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap><table-wrap position="float" id="t5"><label>TABLE 5.</label><caption><p>Viral polymerase activity correlates with the virus replication potential in pigs<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="t5fn1"><italic>a</italic></xref></p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th colspan="4" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">Genome segment origin<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="t5fn2"><italic>b</italic></xref><hr></hr></th><th colspan="1" rowspan="2" align="center" valign="middle">Luciferase activity ± SD (10<sup>4</sup> RLU)</th></tr><tr><th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">PB2</th><th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">PB1</th><th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">PA</th><th colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="bottom">NP</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">38.3 ± 2.2</td></tr><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">Sw</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Sw</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Sw</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Sw</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">63.3 ± 2.3</td></tr><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">Sw</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">234.2 ± 5.4</td></tr><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Sw</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Sw</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Sw</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">38.4 ± 1.2</td></tr><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">Ck<sub>E627K</sub></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Sw</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Sw</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Sw</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">579.7 ± 78.5</td></tr><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">Ck<sub>D256G</sub></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Sw</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Sw</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Sw</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">120.3 ± 9.0</td></tr><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">Ck<sub>E627K</sub></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">6696.8 ± 233.0</td></tr><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">Ck<sub>D256G</sub></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">Ck</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">1654.1 ± 146.5</td></tr><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top">Control<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="t5fn3"><italic>c</italic></xref></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top">2.2 ± 0.7</td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn id="t5fn1"><label>a</label><p>Polymerase activity was assayed by a viral untranslated region-driven luciferase reporter gene. 293T cells were transfected with the pHW2000 plasmid containing the cloned PB2, PB1, PA, and NP genes of Ck/Yamaguchi/04 (H5N1) and Sw/Hokkaido/81 (H1N1). After 24 h of transfection, luciferase activity (in relative light units [RLU]) was assayed in cell lysates. Results are the means ± standard deviations (SD) of two independent experiments, and each experiment was conducted in triplicate (<italic>n</italic> = 6).</p></fn><fn id="t5fn2"><label>b</label><p>Sw (swine) and Ck (chicken) indicate that the respective genes are derived from Sw/Hokkaido/81 (H1N1) or Ck/Yamaguchi/04 (H5N1), respectively.</p></fn><fn id="t5fn3"><label>c</label><p>293T cells were transfected with pHW2000 and pHW-Luc as the negative control.</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap></floats-wrap></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Sante/explor/H2N2V1/Data/Pmc/Corpus
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 000368 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Pmc/Corpus/biblio.hfd -nk 000368 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Sante
|area= H2N2V1
|flux= Pmc
|étape= Corpus
|type= RBID
|clé=
|texte=
}}
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.33. |  |