A Narrative Review of Influenza: A Seasonal and Pandemic Disease
Identifieur interne : 000271 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000270; suivant : 000272A Narrative Review of Influenza: A Seasonal and Pandemic Disease
Auteurs : Mohsen MoghadamiSource :
- Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences [ 0253-0716 ] ; 2017.
Abstract
Influenza is an acute respiratory disease caused by the influenza A or B virus. It often occurs in outbreaks and epidemics worldwide, mainly during the winter season. Significant numbers of influenza virus particles are present in the respiratory secretions of infected persons, so infection can be transmitted by sneezing and coughing via large particle droplets. The mean duration of influenza virus shedding in immunocompetent adult patients is around 5 days but may continue for up to 10 days or more—particularly in children, elderly adults, patients with chronic illnesses, and immunocompromised hosts. Influenza typically begins with the abrupt onset of high-grade fever, myalgia, headache, and malaise. These manifestations are accompanied by symptoms of respiratory tract illnesses such as nonproductive cough, sore throat, and nasal discharge. After a typical course, influenza can affect other organs such as the lungs, brain, and heart more than it can affect the respiratory tract and cause hospitalization. The best way to prevent influenza is to administer annual vaccinations. Among severely ill patients, an early commencement of antiviral treatment (<2 d from illness onset) is associated with reduced morbidity and mortality, with greater benefits allied to an earlier initiation of treatment. Given the significance of the disease burden, we reviewed the latest findings in the diagnosis and management of influenza.
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PubMed: 28293045
PubMed Central: 5337761
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">A Narrative Review of Influenza: A Seasonal and Pandemic Disease</title><author><name sortKey="Moghadami, Mohsen" sort="Moghadami, Mohsen" uniqKey="Moghadami M" first="Mohsen" last="Moghadami">Mohsen Moghadami</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz Iran</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Shiraz Iran</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">28293045</idno><idno type="pmc">5337761</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5337761</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:5337761</idno><date when="2017">2017</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000D85</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000D85</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000D85</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000D85</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000271</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000271</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">A Narrative Review of Influenza: A Seasonal and Pandemic Disease</title><author><name sortKey="Moghadami, Mohsen" sort="Moghadami, Mohsen" uniqKey="Moghadami M" first="Mohsen" last="Moghadami">Mohsen Moghadami</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz Iran</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Shiraz Iran</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences</title><idno type="ISSN">0253-0716</idno><idno type="eISSN">1735-3688</idno><imprint><date when="2017">2017</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Influenza is an acute respiratory disease caused by the influenza A or B virus. It often occurs in outbreaks and epidemics worldwide, mainly during the winter season. Significant numbers of influenza virus particles are present in the respiratory secretions of infected persons, so infection can be transmitted by sneezing and coughing via large particle droplets. The mean duration of influenza virus shedding in immunocompetent adult patients is around 5 days but may continue for up to 10 days or more—particularly in children, elderly adults, patients with chronic illnesses, and immunocompromised hosts. Influenza typically begins with the abrupt onset of high-grade fever, myalgia, headache, and malaise. These manifestations are accompanied by symptoms of respiratory tract illnesses such as nonproductive cough, sore throat, and nasal discharge. After a typical course, influenza can affect other organs such as the lungs, brain, and heart more than it can affect the respiratory tract and cause hospitalization. The best way to prevent influenza is to administer annual vaccinations. Among severely ill patients, an early commencement of antiviral treatment (<2 d from illness onset) is associated with reduced morbidity and mortality, with greater benefits allied to an earlier initiation of treatment. Given the significance of the disease burden, we reviewed the latest findings in the diagnosis and management of influenza.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Shrestha, S" uniqKey="Shrestha S">S Shrestha</name></author><author><name sortKey="Foxman, B" uniqKey="Foxman B">B Foxman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Berus, J" uniqKey="Berus J">J Berus</name></author><author><name sortKey="Van Panhuis, W" uniqKey="Van Panhuis W">W van Panhuis</name></author><author><name sortKey="Steiner, C" uniqKey="Steiner C">C Steiner</name></author><author><name sortKey="Viboud, C" uniqKey="Viboud C">C Viboud</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Heesterbeek, H" uniqKey="Heesterbeek H">H Heesterbeek</name></author><author><name sortKey="Anderson, Rm" uniqKey="Anderson R">RM Anderson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Andreasen, V" uniqKey="Andreasen V">V 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uniqKey="Murray E">EL Murray</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jamieson, Dj" uniqKey="Jamieson D">DJ Jamieson</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><pmc article-type="review-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Iran J Med Sci</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Iran J Med Sci</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0253-0716</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1735-3688</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences</publisher-name><publisher-loc>Iran</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">28293045</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">5337761</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">IJMS-42-2</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>A Narrative Review of Influenza: A Seasonal and Pandemic Disease</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Moghadami</surname><given-names>Mohsen</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1">Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz Iran</aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor1"><bold>Correspondence:</bold> Mohsen Moghadami, MD; Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz Iran <bold>Tel:</bold> +98 917 3115262 <bold>Fax:</bold> +98 71 32308045 <email>moghadami@sums.ac.ir</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>1</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>42</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>2</fpage><lpage>13</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>06</day><month>2</month><year>2016</year></date><date date-type="rev-recd"><day>23</day><month>4</month><year>2016</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>08</day><month>5</month><year>2016</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright: © Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0"><license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><p>Influenza is an acute respiratory disease caused by the influenza A or B virus. It often occurs in outbreaks and epidemics worldwide, mainly during the winter season. Significant numbers of influenza virus particles are present in the respiratory secretions of infected persons, so infection can be transmitted by sneezing and coughing via large particle droplets. The mean duration of influenza virus shedding in immunocompetent adult patients is around 5 days but may continue for up to 10 days or more—particularly in children, elderly adults, patients with chronic illnesses, and immunocompromised hosts. Influenza typically begins with the abrupt onset of high-grade fever, myalgia, headache, and malaise. These manifestations are accompanied by symptoms of respiratory tract illnesses such as nonproductive cough, sore throat, and nasal discharge. After a typical course, influenza can affect other organs such as the lungs, brain, and heart more than it can affect the respiratory tract and cause hospitalization. The best way to prevent influenza is to administer annual vaccinations. Among severely ill patients, an early commencement of antiviral treatment (<2 d from illness onset) is associated with reduced morbidity and mortality, with greater benefits allied to an earlier initiation of treatment. Given the significance of the disease burden, we reviewed the latest findings in the diagnosis and management of influenza.</p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>Influenza</kwd><kwd>Human</kwd><kwd>Respiratory system</kwd><kwd>Vaccination</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front></pmc><affiliations><list></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Moghadami, Mohsen" sort="Moghadami, Mohsen" uniqKey="Moghadami M" first="Mohsen" last="Moghadami">Mohsen Moghadami</name></noCountry></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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