The antigenic evolution of influenza: drift or thrift?
Identifieur interne : 000869 ( Ncbi/Merge ); précédent : 000868; suivant : 000870The antigenic evolution of influenza: drift or thrift?
Auteurs : Paul S. Wikramaratna ; Michi Sandeman ; Mario Recker ; Sunetra GuptaSource :
- Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences [ 0962-8436 ] ; 2013.
Abstract
It is commonly assumed that antibody responses against the influenza virus are polarized in the following manner: strong antibody responses are directed at highly variable antigenic epitopes, which consequently undergo ‘antigenic drift’, while weak antibody responses develop against conserved epitopes. As the highly variable epitopes are in a constant state of flux, current antibody-based vaccine strategies are focused on the conserved epitopes in the expectation that they will provide some level of clinical protection after appropriate boosting. Here, we use a theoretical model to suggest the existence of epitopes of low variability, which elicit a high degree of both clinical and transmission-blocking immunity. We show that several epidemiological features of influenza and its serological and molecular profiles are consistent with this model of ‘antigenic thrift’, and that identifying the protective epitopes of low variability predicted by this model could offer a more viable alternative to regularly update the influenza vaccine than exploiting responses to weakly immunogenic conserved regions.
Url:
DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2012.0200
PubMed: 23382423
PubMed Central: 3678325
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PMC:3678325Le document en format XML
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>It is commonly assumed that antibody responses against the influenza virus are polarized in the following manner: strong antibody responses are directed at highly variable antigenic epitopes, which consequently undergo ‘antigenic drift’, while weak antibody responses develop against conserved epitopes. As the highly variable epitopes are in a constant state of flux, current antibody-based vaccine strategies are focused on the conserved epitopes in the expectation that they will provide some level of clinical protection after appropriate boosting. Here, we use a theoretical model to suggest the existence of epitopes of low variability, which elicit a high degree of both clinical and transmission-blocking immunity. We show that several epidemiological features of influenza and its serological and molecular profiles are consistent with this model of ‘antigenic thrift’, and that identifying the protective epitopes of low variability predicted by this model could offer a more viable alternative to regularly update the influenza vaccine than exploiting responses to weakly immunogenic conserved regions.</p>
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<pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond., B, Biol. Sci</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RSTB</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">royptb</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">0962-8436</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">1471-2970</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>The Royal Society</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">23382423</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3678325</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1098/rstb.2012.0200</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">rstb20120200</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="hwp-journal-coll"><subject>87</subject>
<subject>203</subject>
</subj-group>
<subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Articles</subject>
</subj-group>
<subj-group subj-group-type="leader"><subject>Research Article</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>The antigenic evolution of influenza: drift or thrift?</article-title>
<alt-title alt-title-type="short">Antigenic Thrift</alt-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Wikramaratna</surname>
<given-names>Paul S.</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sandeman</surname>
<given-names>Michi</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Recker</surname>
<given-names>Mario</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Gupta</surname>
<given-names>Sunetra</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"></xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff><addr-line>Department of Zoology</addr-line>
,<institution>University of Oxford</institution>
,<addr-line>Oxford OX1 3PS</addr-line>
,<country>UK</country>
</aff>
<author-notes><corresp id="cor1">e-mail: <email>sunetra.gupta@zoo.ox.ac.uk</email>
</corresp>
<fn fn-type="other"><p>One contribution of 18 to a Discussion Meeting Issue ‘<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://rstb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/368/1614.toc">Next-generation molecular and evolutionary epidemiology of infectious disease</ext-link>
’.</p>
</fn>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><day>19</day>
<month>3</month>
<year>2013</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>19</day>
<month>3</month>
<year>2013</year>
</pub-date>
<pmc-comment> PMC Release delay is 0 months and 0 days and was based on the
. </pmc-comment>
<volume>368</volume>
<issue>1614</issue>
<issue-title>Discussion Meeting Issue 'Next-generation molecular and evolutionary epidemiology of infectious disease' compiled and edited by O. G. Pybus, C. Fraser and A. Rambaut</issue-title>
<elocation-id>20120200</elocation-id>
<permissions><copyright-statement></copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2013</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/"><license-p>© 2013 The Authors. Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/</ext-link>
, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="rstb20120200.pdf"></self-uri>
<abstract><p>It is commonly assumed that antibody responses against the influenza virus are polarized in the following manner: strong antibody responses are directed at highly variable antigenic epitopes, which consequently undergo ‘antigenic drift’, while weak antibody responses develop against conserved epitopes. As the highly variable epitopes are in a constant state of flux, current antibody-based vaccine strategies are focused on the conserved epitopes in the expectation that they will provide some level of clinical protection after appropriate boosting. Here, we use a theoretical model to suggest the existence of epitopes of low variability, which elicit a high degree of both clinical and transmission-blocking immunity. We show that several epidemiological features of influenza and its serological and molecular profiles are consistent with this model of ‘antigenic thrift’, and that identifying the protective epitopes of low variability predicted by this model could offer a more viable alternative to regularly update the influenza vaccine than exploiting responses to weakly immunogenic conserved regions.</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group><kwd>influenza</kwd>
<kwd>epitope</kwd>
<kwd>epidemiology</kwd>
</kwd-group>
<custom-meta-group><custom-meta><meta-name>cover-date</meta-name>
<meta-value>March 19, 2013</meta-value>
</custom-meta>
</custom-meta-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
<affiliations><list></list>
<tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Gupta, Sunetra" sort="Gupta, Sunetra" uniqKey="Gupta S" first="Sunetra" last="Gupta">Sunetra Gupta</name>
<name sortKey="Recker, Mario" sort="Recker, Mario" uniqKey="Recker M" first="Mario" last="Recker">Mario Recker</name>
<name sortKey="Sandeman, Michi" sort="Sandeman, Michi" uniqKey="Sandeman M" first="Michi" last="Sandeman">Michi Sandeman</name>
<name sortKey="Wikramaratna, Paul S" sort="Wikramaratna, Paul S" uniqKey="Wikramaratna P" first="Paul S." last="Wikramaratna">Paul S. Wikramaratna</name>
</noCountry>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>
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