The role of RNA folding free energy in the evolution of the polymerase genes of the influenza A virus
Identifieur interne : 000346 ( Ncbi/Merge ); précédent : 000345; suivant : 000347The role of RNA folding free energy in the evolution of the polymerase genes of the influenza A virus
Auteurs : Rachel Brower-Sinning [États-Unis] ; Donald M. Carter [États-Unis] ; Corey J. Crevar [États-Unis] ; Elodie Ghedin [États-Unis] ; Ted M. Ross [États-Unis] ; Panayiotis V. Benos [États-Unis]Source :
- Genome Biology [ 1465-6906 ] ; 2009.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- ARN viral (), ARN viral (physiologie), Animaux, Conformation d'acide nucléique, Humains, Oiseaux, Protéines virales (génétique), RNA replicase (génétique), Réplication virale, Sous-type H1N1 du virus de la grippe A, Sous-type H2N2 du virus de la grippe A, Sous-type H3N2 du virus de la grippe A, Sous-type H5N1 du virus de la grippe A, Stabilité de l'ARN, Température, Thermodynamique, Virus de la grippe A (enzymologie), Virus de la grippe A (génétique), Évolution moléculaire.
- MESH :
- enzymologie : Virus de la grippe A.
- génétique : Protéines virales, RNA replicase, Virus de la grippe A.
- physiologie : ARN viral.
- ARN viral, Animaux, Conformation d'acide nucléique, Humains, Oiseaux, Réplication virale, Sous-type H1N1 du virus de la grippe A, Sous-type H2N2 du virus de la grippe A, Sous-type H3N2 du virus de la grippe A, Sous-type H5N1 du virus de la grippe A, Stabilité de l'ARN, Température, Thermodynamique, Évolution moléculaire.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Animals, Birds, Evolution, Molecular, Humans, Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype, Influenza A Virus, H2N2 Subtype, Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype, Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype, Influenza A virus (enzymology), Influenza A virus (genetics), Nucleic Acid Conformation, RNA Replicase (genetics), RNA Stability, RNA, Viral (chemistry), RNA, Viral (physiology), Temperature, Thermodynamics, Viral Proteins (genetics), Virus Replication.
- MESH :
- chemical , chemistry : RNA, Viral.
- chemical , genetics : RNA Replicase, Viral Proteins.
- enzymology : Influenza A virus.
- genetics : Influenza A virus.
- chemical , physiology : RNA, Viral.
- Animals, Birds, Evolution, Molecular, Humans, Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype, Influenza A Virus, H2N2 Subtype, Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype, Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype, Nucleic Acid Conformation, RNA Stability, Temperature, Thermodynamics, Virus Replication.
Abstract
RNA folding free energy is important for the evolution and host-adaptation of the influenza virus. Human virus polymerase genes are shown to have substantially higher folding free energy values than their avian counterparts.
Url:
DOI: 10.1186/gb-2009-10-2-r18
PubMed: 19216739
PubMed Central: 2688270
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PMC:2688270Le document en format XML
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Benos</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="I1">Department of Computational Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Computational Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region><settlement type="city">Pittsburgh</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Pittsburgh</orgName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="I5">Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Meyran Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Meyran Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region><settlement type="city">Pittsburgh</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Pittsburgh</orgName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Genome Biology</title><idno type="ISSN">1465-6906</idno><idno type="eISSN">1465-6914</idno><imprint><date when="2009">2009</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term><term>Birds</term><term>Evolution, Molecular</term><term>Humans</term><term>Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype</term><term>Influenza A Virus, H2N2 Subtype</term><term>Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype</term><term>Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype</term><term>Influenza A virus (enzymology)</term><term>Influenza A virus (genetics)</term><term>Nucleic Acid Conformation</term><term>RNA Replicase (genetics)</term><term>RNA Stability</term><term>RNA, Viral (chemistry)</term><term>RNA, Viral (physiology)</term><term>Temperature</term><term>Thermodynamics</term><term>Viral Proteins (genetics)</term><term>Virus Replication</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>ARN viral ()</term><term>ARN viral (physiologie)</term><term>Animaux</term><term>Conformation d'acide nucléique</term><term>Humains</term><term>Oiseaux</term><term>Protéines virales (génétique)</term><term>RNA replicase (génétique)</term><term>Réplication virale</term><term>Sous-type H1N1 du virus de la grippe A</term><term>Sous-type H2N2 du virus de la grippe A</term><term>Sous-type H3N2 du virus de la grippe A</term><term>Sous-type H5N1 du virus de la grippe A</term><term>Stabilité de l'ARN</term><term>Température</term><term>Thermodynamique</term><term>Virus de la grippe A (enzymologie)</term><term>Virus de la grippe A (génétique)</term><term>Évolution moléculaire</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="chemistry" xml:lang="en"><term>RNA, Viral</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>RNA Replicase</term><term>Viral Proteins</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="enzymologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Virus de la grippe A</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="enzymology" xml:lang="en"><term>Influenza A virus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>Influenza A virus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="génétique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Protéines virales</term><term>RNA replicase</term><term>Virus de la grippe A</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>ARN viral</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>RNA, Viral</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term><term>Birds</term><term>Evolution, Molecular</term><term>Humans</term><term>Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype</term><term>Influenza A Virus, H2N2 Subtype</term><term>Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype</term><term>Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype</term><term>Nucleic Acid Conformation</term><term>RNA Stability</term><term>Temperature</term><term>Thermodynamics</term><term>Virus Replication</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>ARN viral</term><term>Animaux</term><term>Conformation d'acide nucléique</term><term>Humains</term><term>Oiseaux</term><term>Réplication virale</term><term>Sous-type H1N1 du virus de la grippe A</term><term>Sous-type H2N2 du virus de la grippe A</term><term>Sous-type H3N2 du virus de la grippe A</term><term>Sous-type H5N1 du virus de la grippe A</term><term>Stabilité de l'ARN</term><term>Température</term><term>Thermodynamique</term><term>Évolution moléculaire</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>RNA folding free energy is important for the evolution and host-adaptation of the influenza virus. Human virus polymerase genes are shown to have substantially higher folding free energy values than their avian counterparts.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><double pmid="19216739"><pmc><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">The role of RNA folding free energy in the evolution of the polymerase genes of the influenza A virus</title><author><name sortKey="Brower Sinning, Rachel" sort="Brower Sinning, Rachel" uniqKey="Brower Sinning R" first="Rachel" last="Brower-Sinning">Rachel Brower-Sinning</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="I1">Department of Computational Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Computational Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region><settlement type="city">Pittsburgh</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Pittsburgh</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Carter, Donald M" sort="Carter, Donald M" uniqKey="Carter D" first="Donald M" last="Carter">Donald M. Carter</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="I2">Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region><settlement type="city">Pittsburgh</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Pittsburgh</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Crevar, Corey J" sort="Crevar, Corey J" uniqKey="Crevar C" first="Corey J" last="Crevar">Corey J. Crevar</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="I2">Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region><settlement type="city">Pittsburgh</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Pittsburgh</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ghedin, Elodie" sort="Ghedin, Elodie" uniqKey="Ghedin E" first="Elodie" last="Ghedin">Elodie Ghedin</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="I3">Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15261</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region><settlement type="city">Pittsburgh</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Pittsburgh</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ross, Ted M" sort="Ross, Ted M" uniqKey="Ross T" first="Ted M" last="Ross">Ted M. Ross</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="I2">Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region><settlement type="city">Pittsburgh</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Pittsburgh</orgName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="I4">Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region><settlement type="city">Pittsburgh</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Pittsburgh</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Benos, Panayiotis V" sort="Benos, Panayiotis V" uniqKey="Benos P" first="Panayiotis V" last="Benos">Panayiotis V. Benos</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="I1">Department of Computational Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Computational Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region><settlement type="city">Pittsburgh</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Pittsburgh</orgName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="I5">Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Meyran Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Meyran Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region><settlement type="city">Pittsburgh</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Pittsburgh</orgName></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">19216739</idno><idno type="pmc">2688270</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2688270</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:2688270</idno><idno type="doi">10.1186/gb-2009-10-2-r18</idno><date when="2009">2009</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000448</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000448</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000448</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000448</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000984</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000984</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">The role of RNA folding free energy in the evolution of the polymerase genes of the influenza A virus</title><author><name sortKey="Brower Sinning, Rachel" sort="Brower Sinning, Rachel" uniqKey="Brower Sinning R" first="Rachel" last="Brower-Sinning">Rachel Brower-Sinning</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="I1">Department of Computational Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Computational Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region><settlement type="city">Pittsburgh</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Pittsburgh</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Carter, Donald M" sort="Carter, Donald M" uniqKey="Carter D" first="Donald M" last="Carter">Donald M. Carter</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="I2">Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region><settlement type="city">Pittsburgh</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Pittsburgh</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Crevar, Corey J" sort="Crevar, Corey J" uniqKey="Crevar C" first="Corey J" last="Crevar">Corey J. Crevar</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="I2">Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region><settlement type="city">Pittsburgh</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Pittsburgh</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ghedin, Elodie" sort="Ghedin, Elodie" uniqKey="Ghedin E" first="Elodie" last="Ghedin">Elodie Ghedin</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="I3">Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15261</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region><settlement type="city">Pittsburgh</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Pittsburgh</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ross, Ted M" sort="Ross, Ted M" uniqKey="Ross T" first="Ted M" last="Ross">Ted M. Ross</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="I2">Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region><settlement type="city">Pittsburgh</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Pittsburgh</orgName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="I4">Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region><settlement type="city">Pittsburgh</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Pittsburgh</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Benos, Panayiotis V" sort="Benos, Panayiotis V" uniqKey="Benos P" first="Panayiotis V" last="Benos">Panayiotis V. Benos</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="I1">Department of Computational Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Computational Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region><settlement type="city">Pittsburgh</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Pittsburgh</orgName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="I5">Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Meyran Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Meyran Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region><settlement type="city">Pittsburgh</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Pittsburgh</orgName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Genome Biology</title><idno type="ISSN">1465-6906</idno><idno type="eISSN">1465-6914</idno><imprint><date when="2009">2009</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>RNA folding free energy is important for the evolution and host-adaptation of the influenza virus. Human virus polymerase genes are shown to have substantially higher folding free energy values than their avian counterparts.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI></pmc><pubmed><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">The role of RNA folding free energy in the evolution of the polymerase genes of the influenza A virus.</title><author><name sortKey="Brower Sinning, Rachel" sort="Brower Sinning, Rachel" uniqKey="Brower Sinning R" first="Rachel" last="Brower-Sinning">Rachel Brower-Sinning</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Computational Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Computational Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Pittsburgh</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Pittsburgh</settlement><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Carter, Donald M" sort="Carter, Donald M" uniqKey="Carter D" first="Donald M" last="Carter">Donald M. Carter</name></author><author><name sortKey="Crevar, Corey J" sort="Crevar, Corey J" uniqKey="Crevar C" first="Corey J" last="Crevar">Corey J. Crevar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ghedin, Elodie" sort="Ghedin, Elodie" uniqKey="Ghedin E" first="Elodie" last="Ghedin">Elodie Ghedin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ross, Ted M" sort="Ross, Ted M" uniqKey="Ross T" first="Ted M" last="Ross">Ted M. Ross</name></author><author><name sortKey="Benos, Panayiotis V" sort="Benos, Panayiotis V" uniqKey="Benos P" first="Panayiotis V" last="Benos">Panayiotis V. Benos</name></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2009">2009</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:19216739</idno><idno type="pmid">19216739</idno><idno type="doi">10.1186/gb-2009-10-2-r18</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000239</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000239</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">000239</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">000239</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">000199</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Checkpoint" wicri:step="PubMed">000199</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">The role of RNA folding free energy in the evolution of the polymerase genes of the influenza A virus.</title><author><name sortKey="Brower Sinning, Rachel" sort="Brower Sinning, Rachel" uniqKey="Brower Sinning R" first="Rachel" last="Brower-Sinning">Rachel Brower-Sinning</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Computational Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Computational Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Pittsburgh</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Pittsburgh</settlement><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Carter, Donald M" sort="Carter, Donald M" uniqKey="Carter D" first="Donald M" last="Carter">Donald M. Carter</name></author><author><name sortKey="Crevar, Corey J" sort="Crevar, Corey J" uniqKey="Crevar C" first="Corey J" last="Crevar">Corey J. Crevar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ghedin, Elodie" sort="Ghedin, Elodie" uniqKey="Ghedin E" first="Elodie" last="Ghedin">Elodie Ghedin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ross, Ted M" sort="Ross, Ted M" uniqKey="Ross T" first="Ted M" last="Ross">Ted M. Ross</name></author><author><name sortKey="Benos, Panayiotis V" sort="Benos, Panayiotis V" uniqKey="Benos P" first="Panayiotis V" last="Benos">Panayiotis V. Benos</name></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Genome biology</title><idno type="eISSN">1474-760X</idno><imprint><date when="2009" type="published">2009</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term><term>Birds</term><term>Evolution, Molecular</term><term>Humans</term><term>Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype</term><term>Influenza A Virus, H2N2 Subtype</term><term>Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype</term><term>Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype</term><term>Influenza A virus (enzymology)</term><term>Influenza A virus (genetics)</term><term>Nucleic Acid Conformation</term><term>RNA Replicase (genetics)</term><term>RNA Stability</term><term>RNA, Viral (chemistry)</term><term>RNA, Viral (physiology)</term><term>Temperature</term><term>Thermodynamics</term><term>Viral Proteins (genetics)</term><term>Virus Replication</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>ARN viral ()</term><term>ARN viral (physiologie)</term><term>Animaux</term><term>Conformation d'acide nucléique</term><term>Humains</term><term>Oiseaux</term><term>Protéines virales (génétique)</term><term>RNA replicase (génétique)</term><term>Réplication virale</term><term>Sous-type H1N1 du virus de la grippe A</term><term>Sous-type H2N2 du virus de la grippe A</term><term>Sous-type H3N2 du virus de la grippe A</term><term>Sous-type H5N1 du virus de la grippe A</term><term>Stabilité de l'ARN</term><term>Température</term><term>Thermodynamique</term><term>Virus de la grippe A (enzymologie)</term><term>Virus de la grippe A (génétique)</term><term>Évolution moléculaire</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="chemistry" xml:lang="en"><term>RNA, Viral</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>RNA Replicase</term><term>Viral Proteins</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="enzymologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Virus de la grippe A</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="enzymology" xml:lang="en"><term>Influenza A virus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>Influenza A virus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="génétique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Protéines virales</term><term>RNA replicase</term><term>Virus de la grippe A</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>ARN viral</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>RNA, Viral</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term><term>Birds</term><term>Evolution, Molecular</term><term>Humans</term><term>Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype</term><term>Influenza A Virus, H2N2 Subtype</term><term>Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype</term><term>Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype</term><term>Nucleic Acid Conformation</term><term>RNA Stability</term><term>Temperature</term><term>Thermodynamics</term><term>Virus Replication</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>ARN viral</term><term>Animaux</term><term>Conformation d'acide nucléique</term><term>Humains</term><term>Oiseaux</term><term>Réplication virale</term><term>Sous-type H1N1 du virus de la grippe A</term><term>Sous-type H2N2 du virus de la grippe A</term><term>Sous-type H3N2 du virus de la grippe A</term><term>Sous-type H5N1 du virus de la grippe A</term><term>Stabilité de l'ARN</term><term>Température</term><term>Thermodynamique</term><term>Évolution moléculaire</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The influenza A virus genome is composed of eight single-stranded RNA segments of negative polarity. Although the hemagglutinin and neuraminidase genes are known to play a key role in host adaptation, the polymerase genes (which encode the polymerase segments PB2, PB1, PA) and the nucleoprotein gene are also important for the efficient propagation of the virus in the host and for its adaptation to new hosts. Current efforts to understand the host-specificity of the virus have largely focused on the amino acid differences between avian and human isolates.</div></front></TEI></pubmed></double></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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