Avian Influenza: A New Pandemic Threat?
Identifieur interne : 001699 ( Main/Merge ); précédent : 001698; suivant : 001700Avian Influenza: A New Pandemic Threat?
Auteurs : Andrej Trampuz ; Rajesh M. Prabhu ; Thomas F. Smith ; Larry M. BaddourSource :
- Mayo Clinic Proceedings [ 0025-6196 ] ; 2004.
Abstract
In December 2003, the largest outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 occurred among poultry in 8 Asian countries. A limited number of human H5N1 infections have been reported from Vietnam and Thailand, with a mortality rate approaching 70%. Deaths have occurred in otherwise healthy young individuals, which is reminiscent of the 1918 Spanish influenza pandemic. The main presenting features were fever, pneumonitis, lymphopenia, and diarrhea. Notably, sore throat, conjunctivitis, and coryza were absent. The H5N1 strains are resistant to amantadine and rimantadine but are susceptible to neuraminidase inhibitors, which can be used for treatment and prophylaxis. The widespread epidemic of avian influenza in domestic birds increases the likelihood for mutational events and genetic reassortment. The threat of a future pandemic from avian influenza is real. Adequate surveillance, development of vaccines, outbreak preparedness, and pandemic influenza planning are important. This article summarizes the current knowledge on avian influenza, including the virology, epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of this emerging disease.
Url:
DOI: 10.4065/79.4.523
PubMed: 15065617
PubMed Central: 7094690
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Prabhu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Division of Infectious Diseases and Internal Medicine, Rochester, Minn.</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Minn.</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Smith, Thomas F" sort="Smith, Thomas F" uniqKey="Smith T" first="Thomas F." last="Smith">Thomas F. Smith</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minn.</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Minn.</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Baddour, Larry M" sort="Baddour, Larry M" uniqKey="Baddour L" first="Larry M." last="Baddour">Larry M. Baddour</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Division of Infectious Diseases and Internal Medicine, Rochester, Minn.</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Minn.</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Mayo Clinic Proceedings</title><idno type="ISSN">0025-6196</idno><idno type="eISSN">1942-5546</idno><imprint><date when="2004">2004</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>In December 2003, the largest outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 occurred among poultry in 8 Asian countries. A limited number of human H5N1 infections have been reported from Vietnam and Thailand, with a mortality rate approaching 70%. Deaths have occurred in otherwise healthy young individuals, which is reminiscent of the 1918 Spanish influenza pandemic. The main presenting features were fever, pneumonitis, lymphopenia, and diarrhea. Notably, sore throat, conjunctivitis, and coryza were absent. The H5N1 strains are resistant to amantadine and rimantadine but are susceptible to neuraminidase inhibitors, which can be used for treatment and prophylaxis. The widespread epidemic of avian influenza in domestic birds increases the likelihood for mutational events and genetic reassortment. The threat of a future pandemic from avian influenza is real. Adequate surveillance, development of vaccines, outbreak preparedness, and pandemic influenza planning are important. This article summarizes the current knowledge on avian influenza, including the virology, epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of this emerging disease.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="World Health Organization" uniqKey="World Health Organization">World Health Organization</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="World Health Organization" uniqKey="World Health Organization">World Health Organization</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Claas, Ec" uniqKey="Claas E">EC Claas</name></author><author><name sortKey="Osterhaus, Ad" uniqKey="Osterhaus A">AD Osterhaus</name></author><author><name sortKey="Van Beek, R" uniqKey="Van Beek R">R van Beek</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="World Health Organization" uniqKey="World Health Organization">World Health 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