Antigenic and genetic conservation of H3 influenza virus in wild ducks
Identifieur interne : 000723 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000722; suivant : 000724Antigenic and genetic conservation of H3 influenza virus in wild ducks
Auteurs : Hiroshi Kida ; Yoshihiro Kawaoka ; Clayton W. Naeve ; Robert G. WebsterSource :
- Virology [ 0042-6822 ] ; 1987.
English descriptors
- Teeft :
- Amino, Amino acid sequence, Amino acid sequences, Amino acid substitution, Antibody, Antigenic, Antigenic analysis, Antigenic drift, Antigenic sites, Antigenic variant, Antigenic variants, Avian, Different epitopes, Duck, Duck influenza viruses, Duck viruses, Elisa, Epitope, Fang, Feral ducks, Hemagglutinin, Hemagglutinins, Hinshaw, Hong kong, Human strains, Influenza, Influenza virus, Influenza viruses, Kida, Laver, Mdck cells, Monoclonal, Monoclonal antibodies, Monoclonal antibody, Nonneutralizing antibodies, Nucleotide, Nucleotide position, Nucleotide sequence, Nucleotide sequences, Sequence analysis, Sequence conservation, Substitution, Variant, Virology, Virus.
Abstract
Abstract: The hemagglutinins of H3 influenza viruses isolated from migratory ducks on the Pacific flyway in Japan during the period 1977 to 1985 were analyzed antigenically and genetically. Antigenic analysis using monoclonal antibodies to the hemagglutinins of A/Aichi/2/68 (H3N2) and A/duck/Hokkaido/8/80 (H3N8) viruses showed that antigenic drift occurred extensively in human strains, whereas the hemagglutinins of duck viruses were highly conserved. It was also found that the hemagglutinins of duck viruses were antigenically closely related to that of human 1968 H3 prototype strains. Nucleotide sequence analysis of seven duck H3 hemagglutinin genes showed a limited number of changes among the six duck isolates and between these duck isolates and Aichi/68. The deduced amino acid sequence revealed amino acid changes randomly distributed throughout the molecule and not confined to antigenic sites. These findings indicate that the duck virus hemagglutinin genes are conserved in nature and that viruses of different lineages cocirculate.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/0042-6822(87)90353-9
Links to Exploration step
ISTEX:3910F3E2F34D4D8FEF4F2B32E3FB6F74003FA682Le document en format XML
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Box 318, Memphis, Tennessee 38101, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kawaoka, Yoshihiro" sort="Kawaoka, Yoshihiro" uniqKey="Kawaoka Y" first="Yoshihiro" last="Kawaoka">Yoshihiro Kawaoka</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Virology and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 332 N. Lauderdale, P.O. Box 318, Memphis, Tennessee 38101, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Naeve, Clayton W" sort="Naeve, Clayton W" uniqKey="Naeve C" first="Clayton W." last="Naeve">Clayton W. Naeve</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Virology and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 332 N. Lauderdale, P.O. Box 318, Memphis, Tennessee 38101, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Webster, Robert G" sort="Webster, Robert G" uniqKey="Webster R" first="Robert G." last="Webster">Robert G. Webster</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Virology and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 332 N. Lauderdale, P.O. Box 318, Memphis, Tennessee 38101, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Virology</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">YVIRO</title><idno type="ISSN">0042-6822</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="1987">1987</date><biblScope unit="volume">159</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">1</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="109">109</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="119">119</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0042-6822</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0042-6822</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en"><term>Amino</term><term>Amino acid sequence</term><term>Amino acid sequences</term><term>Amino acid substitution</term><term>Antibody</term><term>Antigenic</term><term>Antigenic analysis</term><term>Antigenic drift</term><term>Antigenic sites</term><term>Antigenic variant</term><term>Antigenic variants</term><term>Avian</term><term>Different epitopes</term><term>Duck</term><term>Duck influenza viruses</term><term>Duck viruses</term><term>Elisa</term><term>Epitope</term><term>Fang</term><term>Feral ducks</term><term>Hemagglutinin</term><term>Hemagglutinins</term><term>Hinshaw</term><term>Hong kong</term><term>Human strains</term><term>Influenza</term><term>Influenza virus</term><term>Influenza viruses</term><term>Kida</term><term>Laver</term><term>Mdck cells</term><term>Monoclonal</term><term>Monoclonal antibodies</term><term>Monoclonal antibody</term><term>Nonneutralizing antibodies</term><term>Nucleotide</term><term>Nucleotide position</term><term>Nucleotide sequence</term><term>Nucleotide sequences</term><term>Sequence analysis</term><term>Sequence conservation</term><term>Substitution</term><term>Variant</term><term>Virology</term><term>Virus</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Abstract: The hemagglutinins of H3 influenza viruses isolated from migratory ducks on the Pacific flyway in Japan during the period 1977 to 1985 were analyzed antigenically and genetically. Antigenic analysis using monoclonal antibodies to the hemagglutinins of A/Aichi/2/68 (H3N2) and A/duck/Hokkaido/8/80 (H3N8) viruses showed that antigenic drift occurred extensively in human strains, whereas the hemagglutinins of duck viruses were highly conserved. It was also found that the hemagglutinins of duck viruses were antigenically closely related to that of human 1968 H3 prototype strains. Nucleotide sequence analysis of seven duck H3 hemagglutinin genes showed a limited number of changes among the six duck isolates and between these duck isolates and Aichi/68. The deduced amino acid sequence revealed amino acid changes randomly distributed throughout the molecule and not confined to antigenic sites. These findings indicate that the duck virus hemagglutinin genes are conserved in nature and that viruses of different lineages cocirculate.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>elsevier</corpusName><keywords><teeft><json:string>antigenic</json:string><json:string>monoclonal</json:string><json:string>influenza viruses</json:string><json:string>hemagglutinin</json:string><json:string>monoclonal antibodies</json:string><json:string>kida</json:string><json:string>influenza</json:string><json:string>influenza virus</json:string><json:string>hemagglutinins</json:string><json:string>virology</json:string><json:string>epitope</json:string><json:string>amino</json:string><json:string>avian</json:string><json:string>laver</json:string><json:string>antigenic variants</json:string><json:string>fang</json:string><json:string>elisa</json:string><json:string>duck viruses</json:string><json:string>hinshaw</json:string><json:string>antigenic analysis</json:string><json:string>nucleotide</json:string><json:string>antigenic drift</json:string><json:string>human strains</json:string><json:string>antigenic sites</json:string><json:string>nucleotide sequences</json:string><json:string>duck influenza viruses</json:string><json:string>antigenic variant</json:string><json:string>virus</json:string><json:string>variant</json:string><json:string>nucleotide sequence</json:string><json:string>hong kong</json:string><json:string>feral ducks</json:string><json:string>amino acid substitution</json:string><json:string>sequence conservation</json:string><json:string>duck</json:string><json:string>mdck cells</json:string><json:string>monoclonal antibody</json:string><json:string>amino acid sequence</json:string><json:string>nonneutralizing antibodies</json:string><json:string>different epitopes</json:string><json:string>nucleotide position</json:string><json:string>amino acid sequences</json:string><json:string>sequence analysis</json:string><json:string>antibody</json:string><json:string>substitution</json:string></teeft></keywords><author><json:item><name>Hiroshi Kida</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Virology and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 332 N. Lauderdale, P.O. Box 318, Memphis, Tennessee 38101, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Yoshihiro Kawaoka</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Virology and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 332 N. Lauderdale, P.O. Box 318, Memphis, Tennessee 38101, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Clayton W. Naeve</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Virology and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 332 N. Lauderdale, P.O. Box 318, Memphis, Tennessee 38101, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Robert G. Webster</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Virology and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 332 N. Lauderdale, P.O. Box 318, Memphis, Tennessee 38101, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><arkIstex>ark:/67375/6H6-SCZ23ZS6-C</arkIstex><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>Full-length article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>Abstract: The hemagglutinins of H3 influenza viruses isolated from migratory ducks on the Pacific flyway in Japan during the period 1977 to 1985 were analyzed antigenically and genetically. Antigenic analysis using monoclonal antibodies to the hemagglutinins of A/Aichi/2/68 (H3N2) and A/duck/Hokkaido/8/80 (H3N8) viruses showed that antigenic drift occurred extensively in human strains, whereas the hemagglutinins of duck viruses were highly conserved. It was also found that the hemagglutinins of duck viruses were antigenically closely related to that of human 1968 H3 prototype strains. Nucleotide sequence analysis of seven duck H3 hemagglutinin genes showed a limited number of changes among the six duck isolates and between these duck isolates and Aichi/68. The deduced amino acid sequence revealed amino acid changes randomly distributed throughout the molecule and not confined to antigenic sites. These findings indicate that the duck virus hemagglutinin genes are conserved in nature and that viruses of different lineages cocirculate.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>8.507</score><pdfWordCount>4707</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>34164</pdfCharCount><pdfVersion>1.3</pdfVersion><pdfPageCount>11</pdfPageCount><pdfPageSize>612 x 792 pts (letter)</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><abstractWordCount>150</abstractWordCount><abstractCharCount>1048</abstractCharCount><keywordCount>0</keywordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Antigenic and genetic conservation of H3 influenza virus in wild ducks</title><pmid><json:string>2440178</json:string></pmid><pii><json:string>0042-6822(87)90353-9</json:string></pii><genre><json:string>research-article</json:string></genre><serie><title>Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 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(1985)</json:string><json:string>Ito et al., 1985</json:string><json:string>Murphy and Webster, 1985</json:string><json:string>Min Jou et al., 1980</json:string><json:string>Webster et al., 1982b</json:string><json:string>Verhoeyen et al., 1980</json:string><json:string>Kohler and Milstein, 1976</json:string><json:string>KlDA ET AL.</json:string><json:string>Slemons and Easterday, 1978</json:string><json:string>Kida and Yanagawa, 1979</json:string><json:string>Webster et al.</json:string><json:string>Webster and Laver, 1980</json:string><json:string>Ward and Dopheide, 1981</json:string><json:string>Kida et al., 1980</json:string><json:string>Yoden et al., 1982</json:string><json:string>Wilson et al., 1981</json:string><json:string>Abenes et al., 1982</json:string><json:string>Sanger et al. (1977)</json:string><json:string>Naeve et al., 1984</json:string><json:string>Laver and Webster, 1973</json:string><json:string>Scholtissek et al., 1978</json:string><json:string>Bean et al., 1980</json:string><json:string>Webster et al., 1978</json:string><json:string>Fang et al., 1981</json:string></ref_bibl><bibl></bibl></unitex></namedEntities><ark><json:string>ark:/67375/6H6-SCZ23ZS6-C</json:string></ark><categories><wos><json:string>1 - science</json:string><json:string>2 - virology</json:string></wos><scienceMetrix><json:string>1 - health sciences</json:string><json:string>2 - biomedical research</json:string><json:string>3 - virology</json:string></scienceMetrix><scopus><json:string>1 - Life Sciences</json:string><json:string>2 - Immunology and Microbiology</json:string><json:string>3 - Virology</json:string></scopus><inist><json:string>1 - sciences appliquees, technologies et medecines</json:string><json:string>2 - sciences biologiques et medicales</json:string><json:string>3 - sciences biologiques fondamentales et appliquees. psychologie</json:string><json:string>4 - microbiologie</json:string></inist></categories><publicationDate>1987</publicationDate><copyrightDate>1987</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1016/0042-6822(87)90353-9</json:string></doi><id>3910F3E2F34D4D8FEF4F2B32E3FB6F74003FA682</id><score>1</score><fulltext><json:item><extension>pdf</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/6H6-SCZ23ZS6-C/fulltext.pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><extension>zip</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/6H6-SCZ23ZS6-C/bundle.zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/6H6-SCZ23ZS6-C/fulltext.tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a">Antigenic and genetic conservation of H3 influenza virus in wild ducks</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher scheme="https://scientific-publisher.data.istex.fr">ELSEVIER</publisher><availability><licence><p>elsevier</p></licence></availability><p scheme="https://loaded-corpus.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XBH-HKKZVM7B-M"></p><date>1987</date></publicationStmt><notesStmt><note type="research-article" scheme="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-1JC4F85T-7">research-article</note><note type="journal" scheme="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-0GLKJH51-B">journal</note></notesStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a">Antigenic and genetic conservation of H3 influenza virus in wild ducks</title><author xml:id="author-0000"><persName><forename type="first">Hiroshi</forename><surname>Kida</surname></persName><note type="biography">Present address: School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060, Japan.</note><affiliation>Present address: School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060, Japan.</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Virology and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 332 N. Lauderdale, P.O. Box 318, Memphis, Tennessee 38101, USA</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0001"><persName><forename type="first">Yoshihiro</forename><surname>Kawaoka</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Virology and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 332 N. Lauderdale, P.O. Box 318, Memphis, Tennessee 38101, USA</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0002"><persName><forename type="first">Clayton W.</forename><surname>Naeve</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Virology and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 332 N. Lauderdale, P.O. Box 318, Memphis, Tennessee 38101, USA</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0003"><persName><forename type="first">Robert G.</forename><surname>Webster</surname></persName><note type="biography">To whom requests for reprints should be addressed.</note><affiliation>To whom requests for reprints should be addressed.</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Virology and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 332 N. Lauderdale, P.O. Box 318, Memphis, Tennessee 38101, USA</affiliation></author><idno type="istex">3910F3E2F34D4D8FEF4F2B32E3FB6F74003FA682</idno><idno type="ark">ark:/67375/6H6-SCZ23ZS6-C</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1016/0042-6822(87)90353-9</idno><idno type="PII">0042-6822(87)90353-9</idno></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Virology</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">YVIRO</title><idno type="pISSN">0042-6822</idno><idno type="PII">S0042-6822(00)X0637-X</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="1987"></date><biblScope unit="volume">159</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">1</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="109">109</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="119">119</biblScope></imprint></monogr></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>1987</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Abstract: The hemagglutinins of H3 influenza viruses isolated from migratory ducks on the Pacific flyway in Japan during the period 1977 to 1985 were analyzed antigenically and genetically. Antigenic analysis using monoclonal antibodies to the hemagglutinins of A/Aichi/2/68 (H3N2) and A/duck/Hokkaido/8/80 (H3N8) viruses showed that antigenic drift occurred extensively in human strains, whereas the hemagglutinins of duck viruses were highly conserved. It was also found that the hemagglutinins of duck viruses were antigenically closely related to that of human 1968 H3 prototype strains. Nucleotide sequence analysis of seven duck H3 hemagglutinin genes showed a limited number of changes among the six duck isolates and between these duck isolates and Aichi/68. The deduced amino acid sequence revealed amino acid changes randomly distributed throughout the molecule and not confined to antigenic sites. These findings indicate that the duck virus hemagglutinin genes are conserved in nature and that viruses of different lineages cocirculate.</p></abstract></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="1987">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/6H6-SCZ23ZS6-C/fulltext.txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Elsevier, elements deleted: tail"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:docType PUBLIC="-//ES//DTD journal article DTD version 4.5.2//EN//XML" URI="art452.dtd" name="istex:docType"></istex:docType><istex:document><converted-article version="4.5.2" docsubtype="fla"><item-info><jid>YVIRO</jid><aid>87903539</aid><ce:pii>0042-6822(87)90353-9</ce:pii><ce:doi>10.1016/0042-6822(87)90353-9</ce:doi><ce:copyright type="unknown" year="1987"></ce:copyright></item-info><head><ce:title>Antigenic and genetic conservation of H3 influenza virus in wild ducks</ce:title><ce:author-group><ce:author><ce:given-name>Hiroshi</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Kida</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="FN1"><ce:sup>1</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Yoshihiro</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Kawaoka</ce:surname></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Clayton W.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Naeve</ce:surname></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Robert G.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Webster</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="COR1"><ce:sup>2</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:affiliation><ce:textfn>Department of Virology and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 332 N. Lauderdale, P.O. Box 318, Memphis, Tennessee 38101, USA</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:correspondence id="COR1"><ce:label>2</ce:label><ce:text>To whom requests for reprints should be addressed.</ce:text></ce:correspondence><ce:footnote id="FN1"><ce:label>1</ce:label><ce:note-para>Present address: School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060, Japan.</ce:note-para></ce:footnote></ce:author-group><ce:date-received day="22" month="12" year="1986"></ce:date-received><ce:date-accepted day="17" month="3" year="1987"></ce:date-accepted><ce:abstract><ce:section-title>Abstract</ce:section-title><ce:abstract-sec><ce:simple-para>The hemagglutinins of H3 influenza viruses isolated from migratory ducks on the Pacific flyway in Japan during the period 1977 to 1985 were analyzed antigenically and genetically. Antigenic analysis using monoclonal antibodies to the hemagglutinins of A/Aichi/2/68 (H3N2) and A/duck/Hokkaido/8/80 (H3N8) viruses showed that antigenic drift occurred extensively in human strains, whereas the hemagglutinins of duck viruses were highly conserved. It was also found that the hemagglutinins of duck viruses were antigenically closely related to that of human 1968 H3 prototype strains. Nucleotide sequence analysis of seven duck H3 hemagglutinin genes showed a limited number of changes among the six duck isolates and between these duck isolates and Aichi/68. The deduced amino acid sequence revealed amino acid changes randomly distributed throughout the molecule and not confined to antigenic sites. These findings indicate that the duck virus hemagglutinin genes are conserved in nature and that viruses of different lineages cocirculate.</ce:simple-para></ce:abstract-sec></ce:abstract></head></converted-article></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo><title>Antigenic and genetic conservation of H3 influenza virus in wild ducks</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA"><title>Antigenic and genetic conservation of H3 influenza virus in wild ducks</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Hiroshi</namePart><namePart type="family">Kida</namePart><affiliation>Department of Virology and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 332 N. Lauderdale, P.O. Box 318, Memphis, Tennessee 38101, USA</affiliation><description>Present address: School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060, Japan.</description><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Yoshihiro</namePart><namePart type="family">Kawaoka</namePart><affiliation>Department of Virology and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 332 N. Lauderdale, P.O. Box 318, Memphis, Tennessee 38101, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Clayton W.</namePart><namePart type="family">Naeve</namePart><affiliation>Department of Virology and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 332 N. Lauderdale, P.O. Box 318, Memphis, Tennessee 38101, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Robert G.</namePart><namePart type="family">Webster</namePart><affiliation>Department of Virology and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 332 N. Lauderdale, P.O. Box 318, Memphis, Tennessee 38101, USA</affiliation><description>To whom requests for reprints should be addressed.</description><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="research-article" displayLabel="Full-length article" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-1JC4F85T-7">research-article</genre><originInfo><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">1987</dateIssued><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">1987</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm></language><abstract lang="en">Abstract: The hemagglutinins of H3 influenza viruses isolated from migratory ducks on the Pacific flyway in Japan during the period 1977 to 1985 were analyzed antigenically and genetically. Antigenic analysis using monoclonal antibodies to the hemagglutinins of A/Aichi/2/68 (H3N2) and A/duck/Hokkaido/8/80 (H3N8) viruses showed that antigenic drift occurred extensively in human strains, whereas the hemagglutinins of duck viruses were highly conserved. It was also found that the hemagglutinins of duck viruses were antigenically closely related to that of human 1968 H3 prototype strains. Nucleotide sequence analysis of seven duck H3 hemagglutinin genes showed a limited number of changes among the six duck isolates and between these duck isolates and Aichi/68. The deduced amino acid sequence revealed amino acid changes randomly distributed throughout the molecule and not confined to antigenic sites. These findings indicate that the duck virus hemagglutinin genes are conserved in nature and that viruses of different lineages cocirculate.</abstract><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Virology</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>YVIRO</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-0GLKJH51-B">journal</genre><originInfo><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">1987</dateIssued></originInfo><identifier type="ISSN">0042-6822</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0042-6822(00)X0637-X</identifier><part><date>1987</date><detail type="volume"><number>159</number><caption>vol.</caption></detail><detail type="issue"><number>1</number><caption>no.</caption></detail><extent unit="issue-pages"><start>1</start><end>197</end></extent><extent unit="pages"><start>109</start><end>119</end></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">3910F3E2F34D4D8FEF4F2B32E3FB6F74003FA682</identifier><identifier type="ark">ark:/67375/6H6-SCZ23ZS6-C</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1016/0042-6822(87)90353-9</identifier><identifier type="PII">0042-6822(87)90353-9</identifier><recordInfo><recordContentSource authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://loaded-corpus.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://loaded-corpus.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XBH-HKKZVM7B-M">elsevier</recordContentSource></recordInfo></mods><json:item><extension>json</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/json</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/6H6-SCZ23ZS6-C/record.json</uri></json:item></metadata></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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