A comparison of live and inactivated influenza A (H1N1) virus vaccines
Identifieur interne : 000395 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000394; suivant : 000396A comparison of live and inactivated influenza A (H1N1) virus vaccines
Auteurs : A. Clark ; C. W. Potter ; R. Jennings ; J. P. Nicholl ; A. F. Langrick ; G. C. Schild ; J. M. Wood ; D. A. J. TyrrellSource :
- Journal of Hygiene [ 0022-1724 ] ; 1983-06.
Abstract
Groups of volunteers were immunized with one of three influenza virus vaccines, and the resistance to challenge infection with attenuated influenza A (H1N1) virus was measured 8 months later. The vaccines were aqueous subunit influenza A/USSR/77 (H1N1) vaccine, aqueous subunit influenza B/Hong Kong/73 vaccine, or attenuated influenza virus A (H1N1) vaccine. The B virus vaccine was included as a control to assess the incidence of natural A virus infection during the study period. A proportion of the B virus vaccinees had pre-existing A (H1N1) virus antibody and were used to study the immunity conferred by natural infection to the live virus challenge. The serum antibody responses were measured at 1 and 8 months after immunization. The results showed that all the vaccines induced serum HI antibody in a proportion of the volunteers; however, after 1 month, higher titres of serum antibody were found in volunteers given inactivated A vaccine than in those given live attenuated A virus vaccine. Eight months post-immunization the titres of serum antibody in volunteers given inactivated vaccine had declined significantly, but there were no changes in the antibody titres of those given live virus vaccine. The incidence of infection by the challenge virus at 8 months post-immunization was directly related to the serum antibody titres 1 month post-immunization; no evidence was obtained to suggest that those given live virus vaccine had a more solid immunity than those given inactivated vaccine.
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DOI: 10.1017/S0022172400028990
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Jennings</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Departments of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Community Medicine, University of Sheffield Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, 510 2RX</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nicholl, J P" sort="Nicholl, J P" uniqKey="Nicholl J" first="J. P." last="Nicholl">J. P. Nicholl</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Departments of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Community Medicine, University of Sheffield Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, 510 2RX</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Langrick, A F" sort="Langrick, A F" uniqKey="Langrick A" first="A. F." last="Langrick">A. F. Langrick</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Health Centre, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TJ</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schild, G C" sort="Schild, G C" uniqKey="Schild G" first="G. C." last="Schild">G. C. Schild</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Division of Viral Products, National Institute for Biological Standardization and Control, Holly Hill, Hampstead, London, NW3 6RB</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wood, J M" sort="Wood, J M" uniqKey="Wood J" first="J. M." last="Wood">J. M. Wood</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Division of Viral Products, National Institute for Biological Standardization and Control, Holly Hill, Hampstead, London, NW3 6RB</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tyrrell, D A J" sort="Tyrrell, D A J" uniqKey="Tyrrell D" first="D. A. J." last="Tyrrell">D. A. J. Tyrrell</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Division of Communicable Diseases, Medical Research Council, Clinical Research Centre, Watford Road, Harrow, HA1 3UJ</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:C6311DC19692F1A134E73B897CFE23C5583EC119</idno><date when="1983" year="1983">1983</date><idno type="doi">10.1017/S0022172400028990</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/6GQ-S4Z2CXGR-4/fulltext.pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">000395</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">000395</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a">A comparison of live and inactivated influenza A (H1N1) virus vaccines</title><author><name sortKey="Clark, A" sort="Clark, A" uniqKey="Clark A" first="A." last="Clark">A. Clark</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Departments of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Community Medicine, University of Sheffield Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, 510 2RX</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Potter, C W" sort="Potter, C W" uniqKey="Potter C" first="C. W." last="Potter">C. W. Potter</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Departments of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Community Medicine, University of Sheffield Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, 510 2RX</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jennings, R" sort="Jennings, R" uniqKey="Jennings R" first="R." last="Jennings">R. Jennings</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Departments of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Community Medicine, University of Sheffield Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, 510 2RX</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nicholl, J P" sort="Nicholl, J P" uniqKey="Nicholl J" first="J. P." last="Nicholl">J. P. Nicholl</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Departments of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Community Medicine, University of Sheffield Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, 510 2RX</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Langrick, A F" sort="Langrick, A F" uniqKey="Langrick A" first="A. F." last="Langrick">A. F. Langrick</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Health Centre, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TJ</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schild, G C" sort="Schild, G C" uniqKey="Schild G" first="G. C." last="Schild">G. C. Schild</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Division of Viral Products, National Institute for Biological Standardization and Control, Holly Hill, Hampstead, London, NW3 6RB</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wood, J M" sort="Wood, J M" uniqKey="Wood J" first="J. M." last="Wood">J. M. Wood</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Division of Viral Products, National Institute for Biological Standardization and Control, Holly Hill, Hampstead, London, NW3 6RB</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tyrrell, D A J" sort="Tyrrell, D A J" uniqKey="Tyrrell D" first="D. A. J." last="Tyrrell">D. A. J. Tyrrell</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Division of Communicable Diseases, Medical Research Council, Clinical Research Centre, Watford Road, Harrow, HA1 3UJ</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Journal of Hygiene</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">J. Hyg.</title><idno type="ISSN">0022-1724</idno><imprint><publisher>Cambridge University Press</publisher><pubPlace>Cambridge, UK</pubPlace><date type="published" when="1983-06">1983-06</date><biblScope unit="volume">90</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">3</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="361">361</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="370">370</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0022-1724</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0022-1724</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract">Groups of volunteers were immunized with one of three influenza virus vaccines, and the resistance to challenge infection with attenuated influenza A (H1N1) virus was measured 8 months later. The vaccines were aqueous subunit influenza A/USSR/77 (H1N1) vaccine, aqueous subunit influenza B/Hong Kong/73 vaccine, or attenuated influenza virus A (H1N1) vaccine. The B virus vaccine was included as a control to assess the incidence of natural A virus infection during the study period. A proportion of the B virus vaccinees had pre-existing A (H1N1) virus antibody and were used to study the immunity conferred by natural infection to the live virus challenge. The serum antibody responses were measured at 1 and 8 months after immunization. The results showed that all the vaccines induced serum HI antibody in a proportion of the volunteers; however, after 1 month, higher titres of serum antibody were found in volunteers given inactivated A vaccine than in those given live attenuated A virus vaccine. Eight months post-immunization the titres of serum antibody in volunteers given inactivated vaccine had declined significantly, but there were no changes in the antibody titres of those given live virus vaccine. The incidence of infection by the challenge virus at 8 months post-immunization was directly related to the serum antibody titres 1 month post-immunization; no evidence was obtained to suggest that those given live virus vaccine had a more solid immunity than those given inactivated vaccine.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>cambridge</corpusName><author><json:item><name>A. Clark</name><affiliations><json:string>Departments of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Community Medicine, University of Sheffield Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, 510 2RX</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>C. W. Potter</name><affiliations><json:string>Departments of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Community Medicine, University of Sheffield Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, 510 2RX</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>R. Jennings</name><affiliations><json:string>Departments of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Community Medicine, University of Sheffield Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, 510 2RX</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>J. P. Nicholl</name><affiliations><json:string>Departments of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Community Medicine, University of Sheffield Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, 510 2RX</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>A. F. Langrick</name><affiliations><json:string>Health Centre, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TJ</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>G. C. Schild</name><affiliations><json:string>Division of Viral Products, National Institute for Biological Standardization and Control, Holly Hill, Hampstead, London, NW3 6RB</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>J. M. Wood</name><affiliations><json:string>Division of Viral Products, National Institute for Biological Standardization and Control, Holly Hill, Hampstead, London, NW3 6RB</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>D. A. J. Tyrrell</name><affiliations><json:string>Division of Communicable Diseases, Medical Research Council, Clinical Research Centre, Watford Road, Harrow, HA1 3UJ</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><articleId><json:string>02899</json:string></articleId><arkIstex>ark:/67375/6GQ-S4Z2CXGR-4</arkIstex><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>research-article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>Groups of volunteers were immunized with one of three influenza virus vaccines, and the resistance to challenge infection with attenuated influenza A (H1N1) virus was measured 8 months later. The vaccines were aqueous subunit influenza A/USSR/77 (H1N1) vaccine, aqueous subunit influenza B/Hong Kong/73 vaccine, or attenuated influenza virus A (H1N1) vaccine. The B virus vaccine was included as a control to assess the incidence of natural A virus infection during the study period. A proportion of the B virus vaccinees had pre-existing A (H1N1) virus antibody and were used to study the immunity conferred by natural infection to the live virus challenge. The serum antibody responses were measured at 1 and 8 months after immunization. The results showed that all the vaccines induced serum HI antibody in a proportion of the volunteers; however, after 1 month, higher titres of serum antibody were found in volunteers given inactivated A vaccine than in those given live attenuated A virus vaccine. Eight months post-immunization the titres of serum antibody in volunteers given inactivated vaccine had declined significantly, but there were no changes in the antibody titres of those given live virus vaccine. The incidence of infection by the challenge virus at 8 months post-immunization was directly related to the serum antibody titres 1 month post-immunization; no evidence was obtained to suggest that those given live virus vaccine had a more solid immunity than those given inactivated vaccine.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>8.549</score><pdfWordCount>3741</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>22825</pdfCharCount><pdfVersion>1.4</pdfVersion><pdfPageCount>10</pdfPageCount><pdfPageSize>523.44 x 769.68 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><abstractWordCount>234</abstractWordCount><abstractCharCount>1508</abstractCharCount><keywordCount>0</keywordCount></qualityIndicators><title>A comparison of live and inactivated influenza A (H1N1) virus vaccines</title><pii><json:string>S0022172400028990</json:string></pii><genre><json:string>research-article</json:string></genre><host><title>Journal of Hygiene</title><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><issn><json:string>0022-1724</json:string></issn><publisherId><json:string>HYG</json:string></publisherId><volume>90</volume><issue>3</issue><pages><first>361</first><last>370</last><total>10</total></pages><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre></host><ark><json:string>ark:/67375/6GQ-S4Z2CXGR-4</json:string></ark><categories><wos></wos><scienceMetrix></scienceMetrix><scopus><json:string>1 - Health Sciences</json:string><json:string>2 - Medicine</json:string><json:string>3 - Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health</json:string><json:string>1 - Life Sciences</json:string><json:string>2 - Immunology and Microbiology</json:string><json:string>3 - Immunology</json:string></scopus><inist><json:string>1 - sciences appliquees, technologies et medecines</json:string><json:string>2 - sciences biologiques et medicales</json:string><json:string>3 - sciences medicales</json:string></inist></categories><publicationDate>1983</publicationDate><copyrightDate>1983</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1017/S0022172400028990</json:string></doi><id>C6311DC19692F1A134E73B897CFE23C5583EC119</id><score>1</score><fulltext><json:item><extension>pdf</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/6GQ-S4Z2CXGR-4/fulltext.pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><extension>zip</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/6GQ-S4Z2CXGR-4/bundle.zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/6GQ-S4Z2CXGR-4/fulltext.tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a">A comparison of live and inactivated influenza A (H1N1) virus vaccines</title><title level="a" type="sub">2. Long-term immunity</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher scheme="https://scientific-publisher.data.istex.fr">Cambridge University Press</publisher><pubPlace>Cambridge, UK</pubPlace><availability><licence><p>Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1983</p></licence><p scheme="https://loaded-corpus.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XBH-G3RCRD03-V">cambridge</p></availability><date>1983</date></publicationStmt><notesStmt><note type="research-article" scheme="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-1JC4F85T-7">research-article</note><note type="journal" scheme="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-0GLKJH51-B">journal</note></notesStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a">A comparison of live and inactivated influenza A (H1N1) virus vaccines</title><title level="a" type="sub">2. Long-term immunity</title><author xml:id="author-0000"><persName><forename type="first">A.</forename><surname>Clark</surname></persName><affiliation>Departments of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Community Medicine, University of Sheffield Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, 510 2RX</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0001"><persName><forename type="first">C. W.</forename><surname>Potter</surname></persName><affiliation>Departments of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Community Medicine, University of Sheffield Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, 510 2RX</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0002"><persName><forename type="first">R.</forename><surname>Jennings</surname></persName><affiliation>Departments of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Community Medicine, University of Sheffield Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, 510 2RX</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0003"><persName><forename type="first">J. P.</forename><surname>Nicholl</surname></persName><affiliation>Departments of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Community Medicine, University of Sheffield Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, 510 2RX</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0004"><persName><forename type="first">A. F.</forename><surname>Langrick</surname></persName><affiliation>Health Centre, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TJ</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0005"><persName><forename type="first">G. C.</forename><surname>Schild</surname></persName><affiliation>Division of Viral Products, National Institute for Biological Standardization and Control, Holly Hill, Hampstead, London, NW3 6RB</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0006"><persName><forename type="first">J. M.</forename><surname>Wood</surname></persName><affiliation>Division of Viral Products, National Institute for Biological Standardization and Control, Holly Hill, Hampstead, London, NW3 6RB</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0007"><persName><forename type="first">D. A. J.</forename><surname>Tyrrell</surname></persName><affiliation>Division of Communicable Diseases, Medical Research Council, Clinical Research Centre, Watford Road, Harrow, HA1 3UJ</affiliation></author><idno type="istex">C6311DC19692F1A134E73B897CFE23C5583EC119</idno><idno type="ark">ark:/67375/6GQ-S4Z2CXGR-4</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1017/S0022172400028990</idno><idno type="PII">S0022172400028990</idno><idno type="article-id">02899</idno></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Journal of Hygiene</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">J. Hyg.</title><idno type="pISSN">0022-1724</idno><idno type="publisher-id">HYG</idno><imprint><publisher>Cambridge University Press</publisher><pubPlace>Cambridge, UK</pubPlace><date type="published" when="1983-06"></date><biblScope unit="volume">90</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">3</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="361">361</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="370">370</biblScope></imprint></monogr></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>1983</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract style="normal"><p>Groups of volunteers were immunized with one of three influenza virus vaccines, and the resistance to challenge infection with attenuated influenza A (H1N1) virus was measured 8 months later. The vaccines were aqueous subunit influenza A/USSR/77 (H1N1) vaccine, aqueous subunit influenza B/Hong Kong/73 vaccine, or attenuated influenza virus A (H1N1) vaccine. The B virus vaccine was included as a control to assess the incidence of natural A virus infection during the study period. A proportion of the B virus vaccinees had pre-existing A (H1N1) virus antibody and were used to study the immunity conferred by natural infection to the live virus challenge. The serum antibody responses were measured at 1 and 8 months after immunization. The results showed that all the vaccines induced serum HI antibody in a proportion of the volunteers; however, after 1 month, higher titres of serum antibody were found in volunteers given inactivated A vaccine than in those given live attenuated A virus vaccine. Eight months post-immunization the titres of serum antibody in volunteers given inactivated vaccine had declined significantly, but there were no changes in the antibody titres of those given live virus vaccine. The incidence of infection by the challenge virus at 8 months post-immunization was directly related to the serum antibody titres 1 month post-immunization; no evidence was obtained to suggest that those given live virus vaccine had a more solid immunity than those given inactivated vaccine.</p></abstract></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="1983-06">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/6GQ-S4Z2CXGR-4/fulltext.txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="corpus cambridge not found" wicri:toSee="no header"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:docType PUBLIC="-//NLM//DTD Journal Publishing DTD v2.2 20060430//EN" URI="journalpublishing.dtd" name="istex:docType"></istex:docType><istex:document><article dtd-version="2.2" article-type="research-article"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">HYG</journal-id><journal-title>Journal of Hygiene</journal-title><abbrev-journal-title>J. Hyg.</abbrev-journal-title><issn pub-type="ppub">0022-1724</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Cambridge University Press</publisher-name><publisher-loc>Cambridge, UK</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1017/S0022172400028990</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pii">S0022172400028990</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">02899</article-id><title-group><article-title>A comparison of live and inactivated influenza A (H1N1) virus vaccines</article-title><subtitle>2. Long-term immunity</subtitle><alt-title alt-title-type="left-running">A. Clark and Others</alt-title><alt-title alt-title-type="right-running">Influenza A virus vaccines 2</alt-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib><name><surname>Clark</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"></xref></contrib><contrib><name><surname>Potter</surname><given-names>C. W.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"></xref></contrib><contrib><name><surname>Jennings</surname><given-names>R.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"></xref></contrib><contrib><name><surname>Nicholl</surname><given-names>J. P.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"></xref></contrib><contrib><name><surname>Langrick</surname><given-names>A. F.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"></xref></contrib><contrib><name><surname>Schild</surname><given-names>G. C.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"></xref></contrib><contrib><name><surname>Wood</surname><given-names>J. M.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"></xref></contrib><contrib><name><surname>Tyrrell</surname><given-names>D. A. J.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Departments of Medical Microbiology</addr-line>, <addr-line>Virology and Community Medicine</addr-line>, <institution>University of Sheffield Medical School</institution>, <addr-line>Beech Hill Road</addr-line>, <addr-line>Sheffield</addr-line>, <addr-line>510 2RX</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Health Centre</addr-line>, <institution>University of Birmingham</institution>, <addr-line>Birmingham</addr-line>, <addr-line>B15 2TJ</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Division of Viral Products</addr-line>, <institution>National Institute for Biological Standardization and Control</institution>, <addr-line>Holly Hill</addr-line>, <addr-line>Hampstead</addr-line>, <addr-line>London</addr-line>, <addr-line>NW3 6RB</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff4"><addr-line>Division of Communicable Diseases</addr-line>, <addr-line>Medical Research Council</addr-line>, <addr-line>Clinical Research Centre</addr-line>, <addr-line>Watford Road</addr-line>, <addr-line>Harrow</addr-line>, <addr-line>HA1 3UJ</addr-line></aff><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>06</month><year>1983</year></pub-date><volume>90</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage seq="6">361</fpage><lpage>370</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>14</day><month>12</month><year>1982</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>11</day><month>01</month><year>1983</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1983</copyright-statement><copyright-year>1983</copyright-year><copyright-holder>Cambridge University Press</copyright-holder></permissions><abstract abstract-type="normal"><title>SUMMARY</title><p>Groups of volunteers were immunized with one of three influenza virus vaccines, and the resistance to challenge infection with attenuated influenza A (H1N1) virus was measured 8 months later. The vaccines were aqueous subunit influenza A/USSR/77 (H1N1) vaccine, aqueous subunit influenza B/Hong Kong/73 vaccine, or attenuated influenza virus A (H1N1) vaccine. The B virus vaccine was included as a control to assess the incidence of natural A virus infection during the study period. A proportion of the B virus vaccinees had pre-existing A (H1N1) virus antibody and were used to study the immunity conferred by natural infection to the live virus challenge. The serum antibody responses were measured at 1 and 8 months after immunization. The results showed that all the vaccines induced serum HI antibody in a proportion of the volunteers; however, after 1 month, higher titres of serum antibody were found in volunteers given inactivated A vaccine than in those given live attenuated A virus vaccine. Eight months post-immunization the titres of serum antibody in volunteers given inactivated vaccine had declined significantly, but there were no changes in the antibody titres of those given live virus vaccine. The incidence of infection by the challenge virus at 8 months post-immunization was directly related to the serum antibody titres 1 month post-immunization; no evidence was obtained to suggest that those given live virus vaccine had a more solid immunity than those given inactivated vaccine.</p></abstract><counts><page-count count="10"></page-count></counts><custom-meta-wrap><custom-meta><meta-name>pdf</meta-name><meta-value>S0022172400028990a.pdf</meta-value></custom-meta></custom-meta-wrap></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>REFERENCES</title><ref><citation id="ref001" citation-type="journal"><name><surname>Beare</surname><given-names>A. 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Technical Report Series</source> no. 64, <publisher-loc>Geneva</publisher-loc>, <publisher-name>World Health Organization</publisher-name>.</citation></ref></ref-list></back></article></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo><title>A comparison of live and inactivated influenza A (H1N1) virus vaccines</title><subTitle>2. Long-term immunity</subTitle></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA"><title>A comparison of live and inactivated influenza A (H1N1) virus vaccines</title><subTitle>2. Long-term immunity</subTitle></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">A.</namePart><namePart type="family">Clark</namePart><affiliation>Departments of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Community Medicine, University of Sheffield Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, 510 2RX</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">C. W.</namePart><namePart type="family">Potter</namePart><affiliation>Departments of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Community Medicine, University of Sheffield Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, 510 2RX</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">R.</namePart><namePart type="family">Jennings</namePart><affiliation>Departments of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Community Medicine, University of Sheffield Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, 510 2RX</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">J. P.</namePart><namePart type="family">Nicholl</namePart><affiliation>Departments of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Community Medicine, University of Sheffield Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, 510 2RX</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">A. F.</namePart><namePart type="family">Langrick</namePart><affiliation>Health Centre, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TJ</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">G. C.</namePart><namePart type="family">Schild</namePart><affiliation>Division of Viral Products, National Institute for Biological Standardization and Control, Holly Hill, Hampstead, London, NW3 6RB</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">J. M.</namePart><namePart type="family">Wood</namePart><affiliation>Division of Viral Products, National Institute for Biological Standardization and Control, Holly Hill, Hampstead, London, NW3 6RB</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">D. A. J.</namePart><namePart type="family">Tyrrell</namePart><affiliation>Division of Communicable Diseases, Medical Research Council, Clinical Research Centre, Watford Road, Harrow, HA1 3UJ</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="research-article" displayLabel="research-article" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-1JC4F85T-7">research-article</genre><originInfo><publisher>Cambridge University Press</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">Cambridge, UK</placeTerm></place><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">1983-06</dateIssued><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">1983</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm></language><abstract type="normal">Groups of volunteers were immunized with one of three influenza virus vaccines, and the resistance to challenge infection with attenuated influenza A (H1N1) virus was measured 8 months later. The vaccines were aqueous subunit influenza A/USSR/77 (H1N1) vaccine, aqueous subunit influenza B/Hong Kong/73 vaccine, or attenuated influenza virus A (H1N1) vaccine. The B virus vaccine was included as a control to assess the incidence of natural A virus infection during the study period. A proportion of the B virus vaccinees had pre-existing A (H1N1) virus antibody and were used to study the immunity conferred by natural infection to the live virus challenge. The serum antibody responses were measured at 1 and 8 months after immunization. The results showed that all the vaccines induced serum HI antibody in a proportion of the volunteers; however, after 1 month, higher titres of serum antibody were found in volunteers given inactivated A vaccine than in those given live attenuated A virus vaccine. Eight months post-immunization the titres of serum antibody in volunteers given inactivated vaccine had declined significantly, but there were no changes in the antibody titres of those given live virus vaccine. The incidence of infection by the challenge virus at 8 months post-immunization was directly related to the serum antibody titres 1 month post-immunization; no evidence was obtained to suggest that those given live virus vaccine had a more solid immunity than those given inactivated vaccine.</abstract><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Journal of Hygiene</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>J. Hyg.</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-0GLKJH51-B">journal</genre><identifier type="ISSN">0022-1724</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">HYG</identifier><part><date>1983</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>90</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>3</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>361</start><end>370</end><total>10</total></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">C6311DC19692F1A134E73B897CFE23C5583EC119</identifier><identifier type="ark">ark:/67375/6GQ-S4Z2CXGR-4</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1017/S0022172400028990</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0022172400028990</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">02899</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1983</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://loaded-corpus.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://loaded-corpus.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XBH-G3RCRD03-V">cambridge</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1983</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods><json:item><extension>json</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/json</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/6GQ-S4Z2CXGR-4/record.json</uri></json:item></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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