Nucleotide sequence analysis of the nucleoprotein gene of an avian and a human influenza virus strain identifies two classes of nucleoproteins
Identifieur interne : 000160 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000159; suivant : 000161Nucleotide sequence analysis of the nucleoprotein gene of an avian and a human influenza virus strain identifies two classes of nucleoproteins
Auteurs : Alicia J. Buckler-White ; Brian R. MurphySource :
- Virology [ 0042-6822 ] ; 1986.
English descriptors
- Teeft :
- Amino, Amino acid change, Amino acid homology, Amino acid sequence, Amino acid sequences, Amino acid substitutions, Amino acids, Avian, Avian influenza, Avian influenza virus, Avian influenza viruses, Avian strains, Brownlee, Coding region, Evolutionary pathway, Gene, Gene sequences, Homology, Host range restriction, Human classes, Human influenza, Human influenza virus, Human influenza viruses, Human strains, Human viruses, Influenza, Influenza virus, Linear pathway, Matrix proteins, Mutation, Mutation rate, Neuraminidase, Neuraminidase gene, Nucleic acids, Nucleoprotein, Nucleoprotein gene, Nucleoprotein gene sequence, Nucleotide, Nucleotide sequence analysis, Nucleotide sequences, Nucleotide substitutions, Palese, Pandemic strains, Pathway, Primer, Primer extension, Reassortant viruses, Replication, Separate classes, Squirrel monkeys, Subsequent strains, Substitution, Virion, Virology, Virus, Virus strains.
Abstract
Abstract: The nucleotide sequences of RNA segment 5 of an avian influenza A virus, A/Mallard/ NY?6750/78 (H2N2), and a human influenza A virus, A/Udorn/307/72 (H3N2), were determined and the deduced amino acid sequences of the nucleoprotein (NP) of these viruses were compared to two other avian and two other human influenza A NP sequences. The results indicated that there are separate classes of avian and human influenza A NP genes that can be distinguished on the basis of sites containing amino acids specific for avian and human influenza viruses and also by amino acid composition. The human influenza A virus NP genes appear to follow a linear pathway of evolution with the greatest homology (96.9%) between A/NT/60/68 (H3N2) and A/Udorn/72, isolated only 4 years apart, and the least homology (91.1 %)between A/PR/8/34 (H1N1) and A/Udorn/72, isolated 38 years apart. Furthermore, 84% of the nucleotide substitutions between A/PR/8/34 and A/NT/ 6068 are preserved in the NP gene of the A/Udorn/72 strain. In contrast, a distinct linear pathway is not present in the avian influenza NP genes since the homology (90.3%)between the two avian influenza viruses A/Parrot/Ulster/73 (H7N1) and A/Mallard/78 isolated only 5 years apart is not significantly greater than the homology (90.1 %)between strains A/FPV/Rostock/34 and A/Mallard/78 isolated 44 years apart and only 49% of the nucleotide substitutions between A/FPV/34 and A/Parrot/73 are found in A/Mallard/78. A determination of the rate of evolution of the human influenza A virus NP genes suggested that there were a greater number of nucleotide substitutions per year during the first several years immediately following the emergence of anew subtype in 1968.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/0042-6822(86)90198-4
Links to Exploration step
ISTEX:98084CB03211A541DBD134D38B4116CA43D50FDBLe document en format XML
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Murphy</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Virology</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">YVIRO</title><idno type="ISSN">0042-6822</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="1986">1986</date><biblScope unit="volume">155</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">2</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="345">345</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="355">355</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0042-6822</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0042-6822</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en"><term>Amino</term><term>Amino acid change</term><term>Amino acid homology</term><term>Amino acid sequence</term><term>Amino acid sequences</term><term>Amino acid substitutions</term><term>Amino acids</term><term>Avian</term><term>Avian influenza</term><term>Avian influenza virus</term><term>Avian influenza viruses</term><term>Avian strains</term><term>Brownlee</term><term>Coding region</term><term>Evolutionary pathway</term><term>Gene</term><term>Gene sequences</term><term>Homology</term><term>Host range restriction</term><term>Human classes</term><term>Human influenza</term><term>Human influenza virus</term><term>Human influenza viruses</term><term>Human strains</term><term>Human viruses</term><term>Influenza</term><term>Influenza virus</term><term>Linear pathway</term><term>Matrix proteins</term><term>Mutation</term><term>Mutation rate</term><term>Neuraminidase</term><term>Neuraminidase gene</term><term>Nucleic acids</term><term>Nucleoprotein</term><term>Nucleoprotein gene</term><term>Nucleoprotein gene sequence</term><term>Nucleotide</term><term>Nucleotide sequence analysis</term><term>Nucleotide sequences</term><term>Nucleotide substitutions</term><term>Palese</term><term>Pandemic strains</term><term>Pathway</term><term>Primer</term><term>Primer extension</term><term>Reassortant viruses</term><term>Replication</term><term>Separate classes</term><term>Squirrel monkeys</term><term>Subsequent strains</term><term>Substitution</term><term>Virion</term><term>Virology</term><term>Virus</term><term>Virus strains</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Abstract: The nucleotide sequences of RNA segment 5 of an avian influenza A virus, A/Mallard/ NY?6750/78 (H2N2), and a human influenza A virus, A/Udorn/307/72 (H3N2), were determined and the deduced amino acid sequences of the nucleoprotein (NP) of these viruses were compared to two other avian and two other human influenza A NP sequences. The results indicated that there are separate classes of avian and human influenza A NP genes that can be distinguished on the basis of sites containing amino acids specific for avian and human influenza viruses and also by amino acid composition. The human influenza A virus NP genes appear to follow a linear pathway of evolution with the greatest homology (96.9%) between A/NT/60/68 (H3N2) and A/Udorn/72, isolated only 4 years apart, and the least homology (91.1 %)between A/PR/8/34 (H1N1) and A/Udorn/72, isolated 38 years apart. Furthermore, 84% of the nucleotide substitutions between A/PR/8/34 and A/NT/ 6068 are preserved in the NP gene of the A/Udorn/72 strain. In contrast, a distinct linear pathway is not present in the avian influenza NP genes since the homology (90.3%)between the two avian influenza viruses A/Parrot/Ulster/73 (H7N1) and A/Mallard/78 isolated only 5 years apart is not significantly greater than the homology (90.1 %)between strains A/FPV/Rostock/34 and A/Mallard/78 isolated 44 years apart and only 49% of the nucleotide substitutions between A/FPV/34 and A/Parrot/73 are found in A/Mallard/78. A determination of the rate of evolution of the human influenza A virus NP genes suggested that there were a greater number of nucleotide substitutions per year during the first several years immediately following the emergence of anew subtype in 1968.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>elsevier</corpusName><keywords><teeft><json:string>avian</json:string><json:string>influenza</json:string><json:string>human influenza</json:string><json:string>nucleoprotein</json:string><json:string>mutation</json:string><json:string>avian influenza</json:string><json:string>pathway</json:string><json:string>homology</json:string><json:string>amino</json:string><json:string>neuraminidase</json:string><json:string>influenza virus</json:string><json:string>nucleotide substitutions</json:string><json:string>nucleotide</json:string><json:string>gene sequences</json:string><json:string>virology</json:string><json:string>virion</json:string><json:string>amino acid sequences</json:string><json:string>brownlee</json:string><json:string>primer</json:string><json:string>human influenza virus</json:string><json:string>amino acids</json:string><json:string>palese</json:string><json:string>nucleotide sequences</json:string><json:string>substitution</json:string><json:string>avian influenza virus</json:string><json:string>evolutionary pathway</json:string><json:string>gene</json:string><json:string>virus</json:string><json:string>replication</json:string><json:string>human viruses</json:string><json:string>avian influenza viruses</json:string><json:string>human strains</json:string><json:string>squirrel monkeys</json:string><json:string>amino acid sequence</json:string><json:string>mutation rate</json:string><json:string>neuraminidase gene</json:string><json:string>virus strains</json:string><json:string>subsequent strains</json:string><json:string>matrix proteins</json:string><json:string>nucleotide sequence analysis</json:string><json:string>reassortant viruses</json:string><json:string>primer extension</json:string><json:string>coding region</json:string><json:string>avian strains</json:string><json:string>host range restriction</json:string><json:string>nucleoprotein gene sequence</json:string><json:string>amino acid substitutions</json:string><json:string>amino acid homology</json:string><json:string>amino acid change</json:string><json:string>human classes</json:string><json:string>separate classes</json:string><json:string>human influenza viruses</json:string><json:string>nucleoprotein gene</json:string><json:string>pandemic strains</json:string><json:string>linear pathway</json:string><json:string>nucleic acids</json:string></teeft></keywords><author><json:item><name>Alicia J. Buckler-White</name><affiliations><json:string>Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Brian R. Murphy</name><affiliations><json:string>Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><arkIstex>ark:/67375/6H6-PHB0K5C4-B</arkIstex><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>Full-length article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>Abstract: The nucleotide sequences of RNA segment 5 of an avian influenza A virus, A/Mallard/ NY?6750/78 (H2N2), and a human influenza A virus, A/Udorn/307/72 (H3N2), were determined and the deduced amino acid sequences of the nucleoprotein (NP) of these viruses were compared to two other avian and two other human influenza A NP sequences. The results indicated that there are separate classes of avian and human influenza A NP genes that can be distinguished on the basis of sites containing amino acids specific for avian and human influenza viruses and also by amino acid composition. The human influenza A virus NP genes appear to follow a linear pathway of evolution with the greatest homology (96.9%) between A/NT/60/68 (H3N2) and A/Udorn/72, isolated only 4 years apart, and the least homology (91.1 %)between A/PR/8/34 (H1N1) and A/Udorn/72, isolated 38 years apart. Furthermore, 84% of the nucleotide substitutions between A/PR/8/34 and A/NT/ 6068 are preserved in the NP gene of the A/Udorn/72 strain. In contrast, a distinct linear pathway is not present in the avian influenza NP genes since the homology (90.3%)between the two avian influenza viruses A/Parrot/Ulster/73 (H7N1) and A/Mallard/78 isolated only 5 years apart is not significantly greater than the homology (90.1 %)between strains A/FPV/Rostock/34 and A/Mallard/78 isolated 44 years apart and only 49% of the nucleotide substitutions between A/FPV/34 and A/Parrot/73 are found in A/Mallard/78. A determination of the rate of evolution of the human influenza A virus NP genes suggested that there were a greater number of nucleotide substitutions per year during the first several years immediately following the emergence of anew subtype in 1968.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>9.685</score><pdfWordCount>4685</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>33686</pdfCharCount><pdfVersion>1.3</pdfVersion><pdfPageCount>11</pdfPageCount><pdfPageSize>504 x 720 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><abstractWordCount>266</abstractWordCount><abstractCharCount>1723</abstractCharCount><keywordCount>0</keywordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Nucleotide sequence analysis of the nucleoprotein gene of an avian and a human influenza virus strain identifies two classes of nucleoproteins</title><pmid><json:string>3788059</json:string></pmid><pii><json:string>0042-6822(86)90198-4</json:string></pii><genre><json:string>research-article</json:string></genre><serie><title>Genetics of Influenza Viruses</title><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><pages><first>192</first><last>254</last></pages><editor><json:item><name>P. Palese</name></json:item><json:item><name>D. Kingsbury</name></json:item></editor></serie><host><title>Virology</title><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><publicationDate>1986</publicationDate><issn><json:string>0042-6822</json:string></issn><pii><json:string>S0042-6822(00)X0360-1</json:string></pii><volume>155</volume><issue>2</issue><pages><first>345</first><last>355</last></pages><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre></host><namedEntities><unitex><date><json:string>1968</json:string><json:string>1957</json:string><json:string>1986</json:string></date><geogName></geogName><orgName><json:string>MURPHY Institute of Allergy</json:string><json:string>Acndemic Press, Inc</json:string><json:string>National Received</json:string></orgName><orgName_funder></orgName_funder><orgName_provider></orgName_provider><persName><json:string>Helen Lester</json:string><json:string>Kevin Ryan</json:string><json:string>Ann Arbor</json:string><json:string>Clayton Naeve</json:string><json:string>Peter Palese</json:string></persName><placeName><json:string>Bangkok</json:string><json:string>Houston</json:string><json:string>Jordan</json:string><json:string>Berkeley</json:string><json:string>Tokyo</json:string><json:string>Rostock</json:string></placeName><ref_url></ref_url><ref_bibl><json:string>Mahy, 1983</json:string><json:string>Blok and Air, 1982</json:string><json:string>Sanger et ak, 1977</json:string><json:string>Hinshaw et aL, 1982</json:string><json:string>Scholtissek et al, 1978</json:string><json:string>Buonagurio et d, 1985</json:string><json:string>Bean, 1984</json:string><json:string>Palese and Young, 1982</json:string><json:string>Krystal et al, 1983</json:string><json:string>Scholtissek and von Hoyningen-Heune, 1980</json:string><json:string>Robertson, 1979</json:string><json:string>Huddle&on and Brownlee, 1982</json:string><json:string>Steuler et aL, 1985</json:string><json:string>Steuler et al, 1985</json:string><json:string>Lin and Lai, 1933</json:string><json:string>Murphy et cd, 1982</json:string><json:string>Lin and Lai, 1983</json:string><json:string>Rees and Dimmock, 1981</json:string><json:string>Winter and Fields, 1981</json:string><json:string>Murphy et aL</json:string><json:string>Murphy et aL, 1982</json:string><json:string>Buonagurio et &, 1986</json:string><json:string>Elleman et al, 1982</json:string><json:string>Tomley and Roditi, 1984</json:string><json:string>Naeve et al. (1984)</json:string><json:string>Lamb and Lai, 1980</json:string><json:string>Skehel and Hay, 1978</json:string><json:string>Steuler et al., 1985</json:string><json:string>Bentley and Brownlee, 1982</json:string><json:string>Huddleston and Brownlee, 1982</json:string><json:string>Inglis et al, 1976</json:string><json:string>Massicot et aL, 1980</json:string><json:string>Markoff and Lai, 1982</json:string><json:string>BucklerWhite et al, 1986</json:string><json:string>Lentz et al, 1984</json:string><json:string>Buckler-White et aL, 1986</json:string></ref_bibl><bibl></bibl></unitex></namedEntities><ark><json:string>ark:/67375/6H6-PHB0K5C4-B</json:string></ark><categories><wos><json:string>1 - science</json:string><json:string>2 - virology</json:string></wos><scienceMetrix><json:string>1 - health sciences</json:string><json:string>2 - biomedical research</json:string><json:string>3 - virology</json:string></scienceMetrix><scopus><json:string>1 - Life Sciences</json:string><json:string>2 - Immunology and Microbiology</json:string><json:string>3 - Virology</json:string></scopus><inist><json:string>1 - sciences appliquees, technologies et medecines</json:string><json:string>2 - sciences biologiques et medicales</json:string><json:string>3 - sciences biologiques fondamentales et appliquees. psychologie</json:string><json:string>4 - microbiologie</json:string></inist></categories><publicationDate>1986</publicationDate><copyrightDate>1986</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1016/0042-6822(86)90198-4</json:string></doi><id>98084CB03211A541DBD134D38B4116CA43D50FDB</id><score>1</score><fulltext><json:item><extension>pdf</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/6H6-PHB0K5C4-B/fulltext.pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><extension>zip</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/6H6-PHB0K5C4-B/bundle.zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/6H6-PHB0K5C4-B/fulltext.tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a">Nucleotide sequence analysis of the nucleoprotein gene of an avian and a human influenza virus strain identifies two classes of nucleoproteins</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher scheme="https://scientific-publisher.data.istex.fr">ELSEVIER</publisher><availability><licence><p>elsevier</p></licence></availability><p scheme="https://loaded-corpus.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XBH-HKKZVM7B-M"></p><date>1986</date></publicationStmt><notesStmt><note type="research-article" scheme="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-1JC4F85T-7">research-article</note><note type="journal" scheme="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-0GLKJH51-B">journal</note></notesStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a">Nucleotide sequence analysis of the nucleoprotein gene of an avian and a human influenza virus strain identifies two classes of nucleoproteins</title><author xml:id="author-0000"><persName><forename type="first">Alicia J.</forename><surname>Buckler-White</surname></persName><note type="biography">To whom requests for reprints should be addressed.</note><affiliation>To whom requests for reprints should be addressed.</affiliation><affiliation>Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0001"><persName><forename type="first">Brian R.</forename><surname>Murphy</surname></persName><affiliation>Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA</affiliation></author><idno type="istex">98084CB03211A541DBD134D38B4116CA43D50FDB</idno><idno type="ark">ark:/67375/6H6-PHB0K5C4-B</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1016/0042-6822(86)90198-4</idno><idno type="PII">0042-6822(86)90198-4</idno></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Virology</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">YVIRO</title><idno type="pISSN">0042-6822</idno><idno type="PII">S0042-6822(00)X0360-1</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="1986"></date><biblScope unit="volume">155</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">2</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="345">345</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="355">355</biblScope></imprint></monogr></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>1986</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Abstract: The nucleotide sequences of RNA segment 5 of an avian influenza A virus, A/Mallard/ NY?6750/78 (H2N2), and a human influenza A virus, A/Udorn/307/72 (H3N2), were determined and the deduced amino acid sequences of the nucleoprotein (NP) of these viruses were compared to two other avian and two other human influenza A NP sequences. The results indicated that there are separate classes of avian and human influenza A NP genes that can be distinguished on the basis of sites containing amino acids specific for avian and human influenza viruses and also by amino acid composition. The human influenza A virus NP genes appear to follow a linear pathway of evolution with the greatest homology (96.9%) between A/NT/60/68 (H3N2) and A/Udorn/72, isolated only 4 years apart, and the least homology (91.1 %)between A/PR/8/34 (H1N1) and A/Udorn/72, isolated 38 years apart. Furthermore, 84% of the nucleotide substitutions between A/PR/8/34 and A/NT/ 6068 are preserved in the NP gene of the A/Udorn/72 strain. In contrast, a distinct linear pathway is not present in the avian influenza NP genes since the homology (90.3%)between the two avian influenza viruses A/Parrot/Ulster/73 (H7N1) and A/Mallard/78 isolated only 5 years apart is not significantly greater than the homology (90.1 %)between strains A/FPV/Rostock/34 and A/Mallard/78 isolated 44 years apart and only 49% of the nucleotide substitutions between A/FPV/34 and A/Parrot/73 are found in A/Mallard/78. A determination of the rate of evolution of the human influenza A virus NP genes suggested that there were a greater number of nucleotide substitutions per year during the first several years immediately following the emergence of anew subtype in 1968.</p></abstract></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="1986">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/6H6-PHB0K5C4-B/fulltext.txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Elsevier, elements deleted: tail"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:docType PUBLIC="-//ES//DTD journal article DTD version 4.5.2//EN//XML" URI="art452.dtd" name="istex:docType"></istex:docType><istex:document><converted-article version="4.5.2" docsubtype="fla"><item-info><jid>YVIRO</jid><aid>86901984</aid><ce:pii>0042-6822(86)90198-4</ce:pii><ce:doi>10.1016/0042-6822(86)90198-4</ce:doi><ce:copyright type="unknown" year="1986"></ce:copyright></item-info><head><ce:title>Nucleotide sequence analysis of the nucleoprotein gene of an avian and a human influenza virus strain identifies two classes of nucleoproteins</ce:title><ce:author-group><ce:author><ce:given-name>Alicia J.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Buckler-White</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="COR1"><ce:sup>1</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Brian R.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Murphy</ce:surname></ce:author><ce:affiliation><ce:textfn>Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:correspondence id="COR1"><ce:label>1</ce:label><ce:text>To whom requests for reprints should be addressed.</ce:text></ce:correspondence></ce:author-group><ce:date-received day="31" month="3" year="1986"></ce:date-received><ce:date-accepted day="24" month="7" year="1986"></ce:date-accepted><ce:abstract><ce:section-title>Abstract</ce:section-title><ce:abstract-sec><ce:simple-para>The nucleotide sequences of RNA segment 5 of an avian influenza A virus, A/Mallard/ NY?6750/78 (H2N2), and a human influenza A virus, A/Udorn/307/72 (H3N2), were determined and the deduced amino acid sequences of the nucleoprotein (NP) of these viruses were compared to two other avian and two other human influenza A NP sequences. The results indicated that there are separate classes of avian and human influenza A NP genes that can be distinguished on the basis of sites containing amino acids specific for avian and human influenza viruses and also by amino acid composition. The human influenza A virus NP genes appear to follow a linear pathway of evolution with the greatest homology (96.9%) between A/NT/60/68 (H3N2) and A/Udorn/72, isolated only 4 years apart, and the least homology (91.1 %)between A/PR/8/34 (H1N1) and A/Udorn/72, isolated 38 years apart. Furthermore, 84% of the nucleotide substitutions between A/PR/8/34 and A/NT/ <math altimg="si1.gif"><fr shape="sol"><nu>60</nu><de>68</de></fr></math> are preserved in the NP gene of the A/Udorn/72 strain. In contrast, a distinct linear pathway is not present in the avian influenza NP genes since the homology (90.3%)between the two avian influenza viruses A/Parrot/Ulster/73 (H7N1) and A/Mallard/78 isolated only 5 years apart is not significantly greater than the homology (90.1 %)between strains A/FPV/Rostock/34 and A/Mallard/78 isolated 44 years apart and only 49% of the nucleotide substitutions between A/FPV/34 and A/Parrot/73 are found in A/Mallard/78. A determination of the rate of evolution of the human influenza A virus NP genes suggested that there were a greater number of nucleotide substitutions per year during the first several years immediately following the emergence of anew subtype in 1968.</ce:simple-para></ce:abstract-sec></ce:abstract></head></converted-article></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo><title>Nucleotide sequence analysis of the nucleoprotein gene of an avian and a human influenza virus strain identifies two classes of nucleoproteins</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA"><title>Nucleotide sequence analysis of the nucleoprotein gene of an avian and a human influenza virus strain identifies two classes of nucleoproteins</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Alicia J.</namePart><namePart type="family">Buckler-White</namePart><affiliation>Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA</affiliation><description>To whom requests for reprints should be addressed.</description><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Brian R.</namePart><namePart type="family">Murphy</namePart><affiliation>Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="research-article" displayLabel="Full-length article" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-1JC4F85T-7">research-article</genre><originInfo><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">1986</dateIssued><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">1986</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm></language><abstract lang="en">Abstract: The nucleotide sequences of RNA segment 5 of an avian influenza A virus, A/Mallard/ NY?6750/78 (H2N2), and a human influenza A virus, A/Udorn/307/72 (H3N2), were determined and the deduced amino acid sequences of the nucleoprotein (NP) of these viruses were compared to two other avian and two other human influenza A NP sequences. The results indicated that there are separate classes of avian and human influenza A NP genes that can be distinguished on the basis of sites containing amino acids specific for avian and human influenza viruses and also by amino acid composition. The human influenza A virus NP genes appear to follow a linear pathway of evolution with the greatest homology (96.9%) between A/NT/60/68 (H3N2) and A/Udorn/72, isolated only 4 years apart, and the least homology (91.1 %)between A/PR/8/34 (H1N1) and A/Udorn/72, isolated 38 years apart. Furthermore, 84% of the nucleotide substitutions between A/PR/8/34 and A/NT/ 6068 are preserved in the NP gene of the A/Udorn/72 strain. In contrast, a distinct linear pathway is not present in the avian influenza NP genes since the homology (90.3%)between the two avian influenza viruses A/Parrot/Ulster/73 (H7N1) and A/Mallard/78 isolated only 5 years apart is not significantly greater than the homology (90.1 %)between strains A/FPV/Rostock/34 and A/Mallard/78 isolated 44 years apart and only 49% of the nucleotide substitutions between A/FPV/34 and A/Parrot/73 are found in A/Mallard/78. A determination of the rate of evolution of the human influenza A virus NP genes suggested that there were a greater number of nucleotide substitutions per year during the first several years immediately following the emergence of anew subtype in 1968.</abstract><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Virology</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>YVIRO</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-0GLKJH51-B">journal</genre><originInfo><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">1986</dateIssued></originInfo><identifier type="ISSN">0042-6822</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0042-6822(00)X0360-1</identifier><part><date>1986</date><detail type="volume"><number>155</number><caption>vol.</caption></detail><detail type="issue"><number>2</number><caption>no.</caption></detail><extent unit="issue-pages"><start>299</start><end>806</end></extent><extent unit="pages"><start>345</start><end>355</end></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">98084CB03211A541DBD134D38B4116CA43D50FDB</identifier><identifier type="ark">ark:/67375/6H6-PHB0K5C4-B</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1016/0042-6822(86)90198-4</identifier><identifier type="PII">0042-6822(86)90198-4</identifier><recordInfo><recordContentSource authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://loaded-corpus.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://loaded-corpus.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XBH-HKKZVM7B-M">elsevier</recordContentSource></recordInfo></mods><json:item><extension>json</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/json</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/6H6-PHB0K5C4-B/record.json</uri></json:item></metadata></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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