Descriptive and network analyses of the equine contact network at an equestrian show in Ontario, Canada and implications for disease spread.
Identifieur interne : 000095 ( Main/Corpus ); précédent : 000094; suivant : 000096Descriptive and network analyses of the equine contact network at an equestrian show in Ontario, Canada and implications for disease spread.
Auteurs : Kelsey L. Spence ; Terri L. O'Sullivan ; Zvonimir Poljak ; Amy L. GreerSource :
- BMC veterinary research [ 1746-6148 ] ; 2017.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- epidemiology : Horse Diseases, Ontario.
- methods : Infection Control.
- transmission : Horse Diseases.
- veterinary : Immunization.
- Animals, Horses, Surveys and Questionnaires, Transportation.
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Identifying the contact structure within a population of horses attending a competition is an important element towards understanding the potential for the spread of equine pathogens as the horses subsequently travel from location to location. However, there is limited information in Ontario, Canada to quantify contact patterns of horses. The objective of this study was to describe the network of potential contacts associated with an equestrian show to determine how this network structure may influence potential disease transmission.
RESULTS
This was a descriptive study of horses attending an equestrian show in southern Ontario, Canada on July 6 and 7, 2014. Horse show participants completed a questionnaire about their horse, travel patterns, and infection control practices. Questionnaire responses were received from horse owners of 79.7% (55/69) of the horses attending the show. Owners reported that horses attending the show were vaccinated for diseases such as rabies, equine influenza, and equine herpesvirus. Owners demonstrated high compliance with most infection control practices by reporting reduced opportunities for direct and indirect contact while away from home. The two-mode undirected network consisted of 820 nodes (41 locations and 779 horses). Eight percent of nodes in the network represented horses attending the show, 87% of nodes represented horses not attending the show, but boarded at individual home facilities, and 5% represented locations. The median degree of a horse in the network was 33 (range: 1-105).
CONCLUSIONS
Developing disease management strategies without the explicit consideration of horses boarded at individual home facilities would underestimate the connectivity of horses in the population. The results of this study provides information that can be used by equestrian show organizers to configure event management in such a way that can limit the extent of potential disease spread.
DOI: 10.1186/s12917-017-1103-7
PubMed: 28637457
PubMed Central: PMC5480143
Links to Exploration step
pubmed:28637457Le document en format XML
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O'Sullivan</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Poljak, Zvonimir" sort="Poljak, Zvonimir" uniqKey="Poljak Z" first="Zvonimir" last="Poljak">Zvonimir Poljak</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Greer, Amy L" sort="Greer, Amy L" uniqKey="Greer A" first="Amy L" last="Greer">Amy L. Greer</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada. agreer@uoguelph.ca.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2017">2017</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:28637457</idno><idno type="pmid">28637457</idno><idno type="doi">10.1186/s12917-017-1103-7</idno><idno type="pmc">PMC5480143</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">000095</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000095</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Descriptive and network analyses of the equine contact network at an equestrian show in Ontario, Canada and implications for disease spread.</title><author><name sortKey="Spence, Kelsey L" sort="Spence, Kelsey L" uniqKey="Spence K" first="Kelsey L" last="Spence">Kelsey L. Spence</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="O Sullivan, Terri L" sort="O Sullivan, Terri L" uniqKey="O Sullivan T" first="Terri L" last="O'Sullivan">Terri L. O'Sullivan</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Poljak, Zvonimir" sort="Poljak, Zvonimir" uniqKey="Poljak Z" first="Zvonimir" last="Poljak">Zvonimir Poljak</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Greer, Amy L" sort="Greer, Amy L" uniqKey="Greer A" first="Amy L" last="Greer">Amy L. Greer</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada. agreer@uoguelph.ca.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">BMC veterinary research</title><idno type="eISSN">1746-6148</idno><imprint><date when="2017" type="published">2017</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals (MeSH)</term><term>Horse Diseases (epidemiology)</term><term>Horse Diseases (transmission)</term><term>Horses (MeSH)</term><term>Immunization (veterinary)</term><term>Infection Control (methods)</term><term>Ontario (epidemiology)</term><term>Surveys and Questionnaires (MeSH)</term><term>Transportation (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Horse Diseases</term><term>Ontario</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="methods" xml:lang="en"><term>Infection Control</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="transmission" xml:lang="en"><term>Horse Diseases</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="veterinary" xml:lang="en"><term>Immunization</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term><term>Horses</term><term>Surveys and Questionnaires</term><term>Transportation</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>BACKGROUND</b></p><p>Identifying the contact structure within a population of horses attending a competition is an important element towards understanding the potential for the spread of equine pathogens as the horses subsequently travel from location to location. However, there is limited information in Ontario, Canada to quantify contact patterns of horses. The objective of this study was to describe the network of potential contacts associated with an equestrian show to determine how this network structure may influence potential disease transmission.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>RESULTS</b></p><p>This was a descriptive study of horses attending an equestrian show in southern Ontario, Canada on July 6 and 7, 2014. Horse show participants completed a questionnaire about their horse, travel patterns, and infection control practices. Questionnaire responses were received from horse owners of 79.7% (55/69) of the horses attending the show. Owners reported that horses attending the show were vaccinated for diseases such as rabies, equine influenza, and equine herpesvirus. Owners demonstrated high compliance with most infection control practices by reporting reduced opportunities for direct and indirect contact while away from home. The two-mode undirected network consisted of 820 nodes (41 locations and 779 horses). Eight percent of nodes in the network represented horses attending the show, 87% of nodes represented horses not attending the show, but boarded at individual home facilities, and 5% represented locations. The median degree of a horse in the network was 33 (range: 1-105).</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b></p><p>Developing disease management strategies without the explicit consideration of horses boarded at individual home facilities would underestimate the connectivity of horses in the population. The results of this study provides information that can be used by equestrian show organizers to configure event management in such a way that can limit the extent of potential disease spread.</p></div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">28637457</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2018</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>02</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2018</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>13</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1746-6148</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>13</Volume><Issue>1</Issue><PubDate><Year>2017</Year><Month>Jun</Month><Day>21</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>BMC veterinary research</Title><ISOAbbreviation>BMC Vet. Res.</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Descriptive and network analyses of the equine contact network at an equestrian show in Ontario, Canada and implications for disease spread.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>191</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1186/s12917-017-1103-7</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">Identifying the contact structure within a population of horses attending a competition is an important element towards understanding the potential for the spread of equine pathogens as the horses subsequently travel from location to location. However, there is limited information in Ontario, Canada to quantify contact patterns of horses. The objective of this study was to describe the network of potential contacts associated with an equestrian show to determine how this network structure may influence potential disease transmission.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">This was a descriptive study of horses attending an equestrian show in southern Ontario, Canada on July 6 and 7, 2014. Horse show participants completed a questionnaire about their horse, travel patterns, and infection control practices. Questionnaire responses were received from horse owners of 79.7% (55/69) of the horses attending the show. Owners reported that horses attending the show were vaccinated for diseases such as rabies, equine influenza, and equine herpesvirus. Owners demonstrated high compliance with most infection control practices by reporting reduced opportunities for direct and indirect contact while away from home. The two-mode undirected network consisted of 820 nodes (41 locations and 779 horses). Eight percent of nodes in the network represented horses attending the show, 87% of nodes represented horses not attending the show, but boarded at individual home facilities, and 5% represented locations. The median degree of a horse in the network was 33 (range: 1-105).</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSIONS" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">Developing disease management strategies without the explicit consideration of horses boarded at individual home facilities would underestimate the connectivity of horses in the population. 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