Influenza-like-illness and clinically diagnosed flu: disease burden, costs and quality of life for patients seeking ambulatory care or no professional care at all.
Identifieur interne : 000037 ( Main/Curation ); précédent : 000036; suivant : 000038Influenza-like-illness and clinically diagnosed flu: disease burden, costs and quality of life for patients seeking ambulatory care or no professional care at all.
Auteurs : Joke Bilcke [Belgique] ; Samuel Coenen [Belgique] ; Philippe Beutels [Australie]Source :
- PloS one [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2014.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Acceptation des soins par le patient, Adolescent, Adulte, Adulte d'âge moyen, Belgique, Coût de la maladie, Enfant, Enquêtes et questionnaires, Femelle, Grippe humaine (diagnostic), Grippe humaine (traitement médicamenteux), Grippe humaine (virologie), Humains, Jeune adulte, Mâle, Qualité de vie, Soins ambulatoires (), Sujet âgé, Vaccination, Vaccins antigrippaux (immunologie).
- MESH :
- diagnostic : Grippe humaine.
- immunologie : Vaccins antigrippaux.
- traitement médicamenteux : Grippe humaine.
- virologie : Grippe humaine.
- Acceptation des soins par le patient, Adolescent, Adulte, Adulte d'âge moyen, Belgique, Coût de la maladie, Enfant, Enquêtes et questionnaires, Femelle, Humains, Jeune adulte, Mâle, Qualité de vie, Soins ambulatoires, Sujet âgé, Vaccination.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Ambulatory Care (statistics & numerical data), Belgium, Child, Cost of Illness, Female, Humans, Influenza Vaccines (immunology), Influenza, Human (diagnosis), Influenza, Human (drug therapy), Influenza, Human (virology), Male, Middle Aged, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, Quality of Life, Surveys and Questionnaires, Vaccination, Young Adult.
- MESH :
- chemical , immunology : Influenza Vaccines.
- diagnosis : Influenza, Human.
- drug therapy : Influenza, Human.
- statistics & numerical data : Ambulatory Care.
- virology : Influenza, Human.
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Belgium, Child, Cost of Illness, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, Quality of Life, Surveys and Questionnaires, Vaccination, Young Adult.
Abstract
This is one of the first studies to (1) describe the out-of-hospital burden of influenza-like-illness (ILI) and clinically diagnosed flu, also for patients not seeking professional medical care, (2) assess influential background characteristics, and (3) formally compare the burden of ILI in patients with and without a clinical diagnosis of flu. A general population sample with recent ILI experience was recruited during the 2011-2012 influenza season in Belgium. Half of the 2250 respondents sought professional medical care, reported more symptoms (especially more often fever), a longer duration of illness, more use of medication (especially antibiotics) and a higher direct medical cost than patients not seeking medical care. The disease and economic burden were similar for ambulatory ILI patients, irrespective of whether they received a clinical diagnosis of flu. On average, they experienced 5-6 symptoms over a 6-day period; required 1.6 physician visits and 86-91% took medication. An average episode amounted to €51-€53 in direct medical costs, 4 days of absence from work or school and the loss of 0.005 quality-adjusted life-years. Underlying illness led to greater costs and lower quality-of-life. The costs of ILI patients with clinically diagnosed flu tended to increase, while those of ILI patients without clinically diagnosed flu tended to decrease with age. Recently vaccinated persons experienced lower costs and a higher quality-of-life, but this was only the case for patients not seeking professional medical care. This information can be used directly to evaluate the implementation of cost-effective prevention and control measures for influenza. In particular to inform the evaluation of more widespread seasonal influenza vaccination, including in children, which is currently considered by many countries.
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102634
PubMed: 25032688
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">This is one of the first studies to (1) describe the out-of-hospital burden of influenza-like-illness (ILI) and clinically diagnosed flu, also for patients not seeking professional medical care, (2) assess influential background characteristics, and (3) formally compare the burden of ILI in patients with and without a clinical diagnosis of flu. A general population sample with recent ILI experience was recruited during the 2011-2012 influenza season in Belgium. Half of the 2250 respondents sought professional medical care, reported more symptoms (especially more often fever), a longer duration of illness, more use of medication (especially antibiotics) and a higher direct medical cost than patients not seeking medical care. The disease and economic burden were similar for ambulatory ILI patients, irrespective of whether they received a clinical diagnosis of flu. On average, they experienced 5-6 symptoms over a 6-day period; required 1.6 physician visits and 86-91% took medication. An average episode amounted to €51-€53 in direct medical costs, 4 days of absence from work or school and the loss of 0.005 quality-adjusted life-years. Underlying illness led to greater costs and lower quality-of-life. The costs of ILI patients with clinically diagnosed flu tended to increase, while those of ILI patients without clinically diagnosed flu tended to decrease with age. Recently vaccinated persons experienced lower costs and a higher quality-of-life, but this was only the case for patients not seeking professional medical care. This information can be used directly to evaluate the implementation of cost-effective prevention and control measures for influenza. In particular to inform the evaluation of more widespread seasonal influenza vaccination, including in children, which is currently considered by many countries. </div>
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