Neural symmetry and functional asymmetry of the mandible.
Identifieur interne : 002699 ( PubMed/Corpus ); précédent : 002698; suivant : 002700Neural symmetry and functional asymmetry of the mandible.
Auteurs : Guillaume Captier ; Julien Lethuilier ; Mohamed Oussaid ; François Canovas ; François BonnelSource :
- Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA [ 0930-1038 ] ; 2006.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- anatomy & histology : Mandible.
- methods : Body Weights and Measures.
- physiology : Functional Laterality.
- Analysis of Variance, Cadaver, Facial Asymmetry, Humans, Jaw, Edentulous.
Abstract
Even in the absence of malformation or skull base asymmetry, the mandible may be physiologically asymmetric and this remains a major challenge in the orthodontic treatment. The mandible is a bone formed by a primary subunit, i.e., the neural part, with different functional secondary subunits, so we suggest that in a normal mandible the asymmetry was caused by the secondary functional subunit and the neural part is nearly symmetric. Eighty-three dry human mandible samples were studied. The measurements of the size of the mandible (corpus, ramus, mandible notch, condylar process, the angle of the mandible) and the neural subunit (the mandibular canal and the position of the mental and mandibular foramina) were measured bilaterally. The left and right sides were compared according to the dental status: 60 dentate and 23 edentulous mandibles. The calculation of the symmetry was based on the paired Student t test, the absolute difference |R-L| and the relative absolute difference |R-L|/|R+L|x100. The mandibular canal and the position of the foramina were symmetric, except for the position of the mandibular foramen in relation to the mandible notch. The symmetry was not modified by the dental status. The total length of the mandible and the length of the ramus were greater on the left side independently from the dental status. The length of the corpus and the mandible angle were symmetric in each group. The mandible notch was always asymmetric and its height was greater in the dentate group. The condylar process was the most asymmetric structure in each group. The primary subunit of the mandible, surrounding the mandibular canal, is a symmetric component of the mandible and is not modified by the dental status. The angle of the mandible between the corpus and ramus is another symmetric parameter that is important for the facial architecture. The ramus and especially the mandibular notch as well as the condylar process are the most asymmetric subunits influenced by the functional matrices.
DOI: 10.1007/s00276-006-0104-1
PubMed: 16568217
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pubmed:16568217Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Neural symmetry and functional asymmetry of the mandible.</title><author><name sortKey="Captier, Guillaume" sort="Captier, Guillaume" uniqKey="Captier G" first="Guillaume" last="Captier">Guillaume Captier</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Laboratoire d'Anatomie, 2 Rue Ecole de Médecine, 34000 Montpellier, France. gcaptier@free.fr</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lethuilier, Julien" sort="Lethuilier, Julien" uniqKey="Lethuilier J" first="Julien" last="Lethuilier">Julien Lethuilier</name></author><author><name sortKey="Oussaid, Mohamed" sort="Oussaid, Mohamed" uniqKey="Oussaid M" first="Mohamed" last="Oussaid">Mohamed Oussaid</name></author><author><name sortKey="Canovas, Francois" sort="Canovas, Francois" uniqKey="Canovas F" first="François" last="Canovas">François Canovas</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bonnel, Francois" sort="Bonnel, Francois" uniqKey="Bonnel F" first="François" last="Bonnel">François Bonnel</name></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2006">2006</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:16568217</idno><idno type="pmid">16568217</idno><idno type="doi">10.1007/s00276-006-0104-1</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">002699</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">002699</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Neural symmetry and functional asymmetry of the mandible.</title><author><name sortKey="Captier, Guillaume" sort="Captier, Guillaume" uniqKey="Captier G" first="Guillaume" last="Captier">Guillaume Captier</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Laboratoire d'Anatomie, 2 Rue Ecole de Médecine, 34000 Montpellier, France. gcaptier@free.fr</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lethuilier, Julien" sort="Lethuilier, Julien" uniqKey="Lethuilier J" first="Julien" last="Lethuilier">Julien Lethuilier</name></author><author><name sortKey="Oussaid, Mohamed" sort="Oussaid, Mohamed" uniqKey="Oussaid M" first="Mohamed" last="Oussaid">Mohamed Oussaid</name></author><author><name sortKey="Canovas, Francois" sort="Canovas, Francois" uniqKey="Canovas F" first="François" last="Canovas">François Canovas</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bonnel, Francois" sort="Bonnel, Francois" uniqKey="Bonnel F" first="François" last="Bonnel">François Bonnel</name></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA</title><idno type="ISSN">0930-1038</idno><imprint><date when="2006" type="published">2006</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Analysis of Variance</term><term>Body Weights and Measures (methods)</term><term>Cadaver</term><term>Facial Asymmetry</term><term>Functional Laterality (physiology)</term><term>Humans</term><term>Jaw, Edentulous</term><term>Mandible (anatomy & histology)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="anatomy & histology" xml:lang="en"><term>Mandible</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="methods" xml:lang="en"><term>Body Weights and Measures</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Functional Laterality</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Analysis of Variance</term><term>Cadaver</term><term>Facial Asymmetry</term><term>Humans</term><term>Jaw, Edentulous</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Even in the absence of malformation or skull base asymmetry, the mandible may be physiologically asymmetric and this remains a major challenge in the orthodontic treatment. The mandible is a bone formed by a primary subunit, i.e., the neural part, with different functional secondary subunits, so we suggest that in a normal mandible the asymmetry was caused by the secondary functional subunit and the neural part is nearly symmetric. Eighty-three dry human mandible samples were studied. The measurements of the size of the mandible (corpus, ramus, mandible notch, condylar process, the angle of the mandible) and the neural subunit (the mandibular canal and the position of the mental and mandibular foramina) were measured bilaterally. The left and right sides were compared according to the dental status: 60 dentate and 23 edentulous mandibles. The calculation of the symmetry was based on the paired Student t test, the absolute difference |R-L| and the relative absolute difference |R-L|/|R+L|x100. The mandibular canal and the position of the foramina were symmetric, except for the position of the mandibular foramen in relation to the mandible notch. The symmetry was not modified by the dental status. The total length of the mandible and the length of the ramus were greater on the left side independently from the dental status. The length of the corpus and the mandible angle were symmetric in each group. The mandible notch was always asymmetric and its height was greater in the dentate group. The condylar process was the most asymmetric structure in each group. The primary subunit of the mandible, surrounding the mandibular canal, is a symmetric component of the mandible and is not modified by the dental status. The angle of the mandible between the corpus and ramus is another symmetric parameter that is important for the facial architecture. The ramus and especially the mandibular notch as well as the condylar process are the most asymmetric subunits influenced by the functional matrices.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">16568217</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2007</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>02</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2017</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>26</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Print">0930-1038</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Print"><Volume>28</Volume><Issue>4</Issue><PubDate><Year>2006</Year><Month>Aug</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Surg Radiol Anat</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Neural symmetry and functional asymmetry of the mandible.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>379-86</MedlinePgn></Pagination><Abstract><AbstractText>Even in the absence of malformation or skull base asymmetry, the mandible may be physiologically asymmetric and this remains a major challenge in the orthodontic treatment. The mandible is a bone formed by a primary subunit, i.e., the neural part, with different functional secondary subunits, so we suggest that in a normal mandible the asymmetry was caused by the secondary functional subunit and the neural part is nearly symmetric. Eighty-three dry human mandible samples were studied. The measurements of the size of the mandible (corpus, ramus, mandible notch, condylar process, the angle of the mandible) and the neural subunit (the mandibular canal and the position of the mental and mandibular foramina) were measured bilaterally. The left and right sides were compared according to the dental status: 60 dentate and 23 edentulous mandibles. The calculation of the symmetry was based on the paired Student t test, the absolute difference |R-L| and the relative absolute difference |R-L|/|R+L|x100. The mandibular canal and the position of the foramina were symmetric, except for the position of the mandibular foramen in relation to the mandible notch. The symmetry was not modified by the dental status. The total length of the mandible and the length of the ramus were greater on the left side independently from the dental status. The length of the corpus and the mandible angle were symmetric in each group. The mandible notch was always asymmetric and its height was greater in the dentate group. The condylar process was the most asymmetric structure in each group. The primary subunit of the mandible, surrounding the mandibular canal, is a symmetric component of the mandible and is not modified by the dental status. The angle of the mandible between the corpus and ramus is another symmetric parameter that is important for the facial architecture. The ramus and especially the mandibular notch as well as the condylar process are the most asymmetric subunits influenced by the functional matrices.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Captier</LastName><ForeName>Guillaume</ForeName><Initials>G</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratoire d'Anatomie, 2 Rue Ecole de Médecine, 34000 Montpellier, France. gcaptier@free.fr</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lethuilier</LastName><ForeName>Julien</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Oussaid</LastName><ForeName>Mohamed</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Canovas</LastName><ForeName>François</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bonnel</LastName><ForeName>François</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2006</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>28</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Germany</Country><MedlineTA>Surg Radiol Anat</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>8608029</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0930-1038</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><CommentsCorrectionsList><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Acta Anat (Basel). 1997;158(4):266-73</RefSource><PMID Version="1">9416357</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1977 Dec;44(6):837-43</RefSource><PMID Version="1">271923</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Oral Rehabil. 1995 Oct;22(10 ):741-5</RefSource><PMID Version="1">8606331</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>West Indian Med J. 2002 Mar;51(1):14-6</RefSource><PMID 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Version="1">12577523</PMID></CommentsCorrections></CommentsCorrectionsList><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000704" MajorTopicYN="N">Analysis of Variance</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D001837" MajorTopicYN="N">Body Weights and Measures</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000379" MajorTopicYN="N">methods</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002102" MajorTopicYN="N">Cadaver</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005146" MajorTopicYN="Y">Facial Asymmetry</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007839" MajorTopicYN="N">Functional Laterality</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="N">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007575" MajorTopicYN="N">Jaw, Edentulous</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008334" MajorTopicYN="N">Mandible</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000033" MajorTopicYN="Y">anatomy & histology</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2005</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>02</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2006</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>13</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2006</Year><Month>3</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>9</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2007</Year><Month>3</Month><Day>3</Day><Hour>9</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2006</Year><Month>3</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>9</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">16568217</ArticleId><ArticleId 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