Evaluation of Stability Changes in Tapered and Parallel Wall Implants: A Human Clinical Trial
Identifieur interne : 003075 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 003074; suivant : 003076Evaluation of Stability Changes in Tapered and Parallel Wall Implants: A Human Clinical Trial
Auteurs : Ar. Rokn [Iran] ; Aar. Rasouli Ghahroudi [Iran] ; A. Mesgarzadeh [Iran] ; Aa. Miremadi [Iran] ; S. Yaghoobi [Iran]Source :
- Journal of Dentistry (Tehran, Iran) [ 1735-2150 ] ; 2011.
Abstract
To determine the pattern of stability changes as a reflection of early healing around single-stage roughened-surface implants in humans utilizing resonance frequency analysis (RFA).
Hundred twenty-five patients who demanded dental implants were treated with two different implant (Nobel Biocare Replace™ and Strumman™ ITI) systems. Bone type was classified into four groups. RFA was used for direct measurement of implant stability on the day of implant placement and consecutively at 14, 30 and 60 days after placement. The data were analyzed with Student t test and regression analysis.
Three-hundred four roughened surface implants placed in the maxilla and mandible were evaluated. In Replace™ implants the lowest mean stability measurement was at 30 days for all bone types and the stability did not change significantly in any of the bone types (p>0.05). ITI™ implants demonstrated the lowest stability at 60 days for type 1 and 30 days and baseline for type 2, 3 and 4 bones. In addition, there was significant differences in implant stability between bone types 1 and 4 (P<0.001), 2 and 3 (p<0.05), and bone types 3 and 4 (P=0.07) at all aforementioned times in ITI™ implants. In Replace™ implants, regarding the implant diameter, contrary to ITI implants, no significant stability changes were detected (p>0.05). No significant difference was observed regarding gender, age and lengths in both systems.
In comparison to ITI™ implants, Replace™ implants revealed no significant difference in the pattern of stability changes among different bone types.
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PubMed: 22509458
PubMed Central: 3320754
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Rokn</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af1-jod-8-186">Associate Professor, Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Associate Professor, Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af2-jod-8-186">Associate Professor, Dental Implant Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Associate Professor, Dental Implant Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ghahroudi, Aar Rasouli" sort="Ghahroudi, Aar Rasouli" uniqKey="Ghahroudi A" first="Aar. Rasouli" last="Ghahroudi">Aar. Rasouli Ghahroudi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af3-jod-8-186">Assistant Professor, Dental Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Assistant Professor, Dental Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af4-jod-8-186">Assistant Professor, Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Assistant Professor, Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mesgarzadeh, A" sort="Mesgarzadeh, A" uniqKey="Mesgarzadeh A" first="A." last="Mesgarzadeh">A. Mesgarzadeh</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af5-jod-8-186">Associate Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Associate Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Miremadi, Aa" sort="Miremadi, Aa" uniqKey="Miremadi A" first="Aa." last="Miremadi">Aa. Miremadi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af1-jod-8-186">Associate Professor, Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Associate Professor, Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yaghoobi, S" sort="Yaghoobi, S" uniqKey="Yaghoobi S" first="S." last="Yaghoobi">S. Yaghoobi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af3-jod-8-186">Assistant Professor, Dental Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Assistant Professor, Dental Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">22509458</idno><idno type="pmc">3320754</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3320754</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:3320754</idno><date when="2011">2011</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">003075</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">003075</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">003075</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">003075</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Evaluation of Stability Changes in Tapered and Parallel Wall Implants: A Human Clinical Trial</title><author><name sortKey="Rokn, Ar" sort="Rokn, Ar" uniqKey="Rokn A" first="Ar." last="Rokn">Ar. Rokn</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af1-jod-8-186">Associate Professor, Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Associate Professor, Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af2-jod-8-186">Associate Professor, Dental Implant Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Associate Professor, Dental Implant Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ghahroudi, Aar Rasouli" sort="Ghahroudi, Aar Rasouli" uniqKey="Ghahroudi A" first="Aar. Rasouli" last="Ghahroudi">Aar. Rasouli Ghahroudi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af3-jod-8-186">Assistant Professor, Dental Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Assistant Professor, Dental Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af4-jod-8-186">Assistant Professor, Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Assistant Professor, Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mesgarzadeh, A" sort="Mesgarzadeh, A" uniqKey="Mesgarzadeh A" first="A." last="Mesgarzadeh">A. Mesgarzadeh</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af5-jod-8-186">Associate Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Associate Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Miremadi, Aa" sort="Miremadi, Aa" uniqKey="Miremadi A" first="Aa." last="Miremadi">Aa. Miremadi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af1-jod-8-186">Associate Professor, Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Associate Professor, Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yaghoobi, S" sort="Yaghoobi, S" uniqKey="Yaghoobi S" first="S." last="Yaghoobi">S. Yaghoobi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af3-jod-8-186">Assistant Professor, Dental Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Assistant Professor, Dental Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Journal of Dentistry (Tehran, Iran)</title><idno type="ISSN">1735-2150</idno><idno type="eISSN">2008-2185</idno><imprint><date when="2011">2011</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>To determine the pattern of stability changes as a reflection of early healing around single-stage roughened-surface implants in humans utilizing resonance frequency analysis (RFA).</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Hundred twenty-five patients who demanded dental implants were treated with two different implant (Nobel Biocare Replace™ and Strumman™ ITI) systems. Bone type was classified into four groups. RFA was used for direct measurement of implant stability on the day of implant placement and consecutively at 14, 30 and 60 days after placement. The data were analyzed with Student t test and regression analysis.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Three-hundred four roughened surface implants placed in the maxilla and mandible were evaluated. In Replace™ implants the lowest mean stability measurement was at 30 days for all bone types and the stability did not change significantly in any of the bone types (p>0.05). ITI™ implants demonstrated the lowest stability at 60 days for type 1 and 30 days and baseline for type 2, 3 and 4 bones. In addition, there was significant differences in implant stability between bone types 1 and 4 (P<0.001), 2 and 3 (p<0.05), and bone types 3 and 4 (P=0.07) at all aforementioned times in ITI™ implants. In Replace™ implants, regarding the implant diameter, contrary to ITI implants, no significant stability changes were detected (p>0.05). No significant difference was observed regarding gender, age and lengths in both systems.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>In comparison to ITI™ implants, Replace™ implants revealed no significant difference in the pattern of stability changes among different bone types.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Meredith, N" uniqKey="Meredith N">N Meredith</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Albrektsson, T" uniqKey="Albrektsson T">T Albrektsson</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Schroeder, A" uniqKey="Schroeder A">A Schroeder</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pohler, O" uniqKey="Pohler O">O Pohler</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sutter, F" uniqKey="Sutter F">F Sutter</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Branemark, P I" uniqKey="Branemark P">P-I 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">J Dent (Tehran)</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">J Dent (Tehran)</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Journal of Dentistry (Tehran, Iran)</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1735-2150</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2008-2185</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Tehran University of Medical Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">22509458</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3320754</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">jod-8-186</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Original Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Evaluation of Stability Changes in Tapered and Parallel Wall Implants: A Human Clinical Trial</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Rokn</surname><given-names>AR.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1-jod-8-186">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af2-jod-8-186">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ghahroudi</surname><given-names>AAR. Rasouli</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af3-jod-8-186">3</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af4-jod-8-186">4</xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1-jod-8-186"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mesgarzadeh</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af5-jod-8-186">5</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Miremadi</surname><given-names>AA.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1-jod-8-186">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Yaghoobi</surname><given-names>S.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af3-jod-8-186">3</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="af1-jod-8-186"><label>1</label>Associate Professor, Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran</aff><aff id="af2-jod-8-186"><label>2</label>Associate Professor, Dental Implant Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran</aff><aff id="af3-jod-8-186"><label>3</label>Assistant Professor, Dental Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran</aff><aff id="af4-jod-8-186"><label>4</label>Assistant Professor, Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran</aff><aff id="af5-jod-8-186"><label>5</label>Associate Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran</aff><author-notes><corresp id="c1-jod-8-186">Corresponding author: AAR. Rasouli Ghahroudi, Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran <email>amirali_rasouli@yahoo.com</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>12</month><year>2011</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><season>Autumn</season><year>2011</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2011</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>186</fpage><lpage>200</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>28</day><month>4</month><year>2011</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>21</day><month>9</month><year>2011</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © Dental Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2011</copyright-year><license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/"><license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial 3.0 License (CC BY-NC 3.0), which allows users to read, copy, distribute and make derivative works for non-commercial purposes from the material, as long as the author of the original work is cited properly.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><sec><title>Objective</title><p>To determine the pattern of stability changes as a reflection of early healing around single-stage roughened-surface implants in humans utilizing resonance frequency analysis (RFA).</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Hundred twenty-five patients who demanded dental implants were treated with two different implant (Nobel Biocare Replace™ and Strumman™ ITI) systems. Bone type was classified into four groups. RFA was used for direct measurement of implant stability on the day of implant placement and consecutively at 14, 30 and 60 days after placement. The data were analyzed with Student t test and regression analysis.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Three-hundred four roughened surface implants placed in the maxilla and mandible were evaluated. In Replace™ implants the lowest mean stability measurement was at 30 days for all bone types and the stability did not change significantly in any of the bone types (p>0.05). ITI™ implants demonstrated the lowest stability at 60 days for type 1 and 30 days and baseline for type 2, 3 and 4 bones. In addition, there was significant differences in implant stability between bone types 1 and 4 (P<0.001), 2 and 3 (p<0.05), and bone types 3 and 4 (P=0.07) at all aforementioned times in ITI™ implants. In Replace™ implants, regarding the implant diameter, contrary to ITI implants, no significant stability changes were detected (p>0.05). No significant difference was observed regarding gender, age and lengths in both systems.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>In comparison to ITI™ implants, Replace™ implants revealed no significant difference in the pattern of stability changes among different bone types.</p></sec></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>Dental Implants</kwd><kwd>Data Interpretation</kwd><kwd>Dental Prosthesis</kwd><kwd>Dental Prosthesis</kwd><kwd>Implant-Supported</kwd><kwd>Bone Density</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><floats-group><fig id="f1-jod-8-186" position="float"><label>Diagram 1</label><caption><p>Primary stability and pattern of stability changes according to mean ISQ values in two different implant systems. It is obvious that tapered implants showed higher stability than parallel ones.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="jod-8-186f1"></graphic></fig><fig id="f2-jod-8-186" position="float"><label>Diagram 2</label><caption><p>Primary stability and pattern of stability changes in two different implant designs in type I bone according to mean ISQ values. Stability levels in this bone type are in the higher limits in both systems but the pattern of stability changes is different.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="jod-8-186f2"></graphic></fig><fig id="f3-jod-8-186" position="float"><label>Diagram 3</label><caption><p>Primary stability and pattern of stability changes in two different implant designs in type II bone according to mean ISQ values. It is interesting that pattern of stability changes is fairly the same in both implant designs in this bone type.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="jod-8-186f3"></graphic></fig><fig id="f4-jod-8-186" position="float"><label>Diagram 4</label><caption><p>Primary stability and pattern of stability changes in two different implant designs in type III bone according to mean ISQ values.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="jod-8-186f4"></graphic></fig><fig id="f5-jod-8-186" position="float"><label>Diagram 5</label><caption><p>Primary stability and pattern of stability changes in two different implant designs in type IV bone according to mean ISQ values. It is interesting that contrary to ITI implants, pattern of stability changes, despite poor bone quality, is fairly similar to other bone types in Replace tapered implants.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="jod-8-186f5"></graphic></fig><fig id="f6-jod-8-186" position="float"><label>Diagram 6</label><caption><p>Implant stability changes according to jaw position. In both systems, ISQ values showed higher values in the mandible compared to the maxilla in all the measurement intervalss during this study.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="jod-8-186f6"></graphic></fig><fig id="f7-jod-8-186" position="float"><label>Diagram 7</label><caption><p>Implant stability changes according to gender. In general ISQ values showed higher values in men compare to women.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="jod-8-186f7"></graphic></fig><table-wrap id="t1-jod-8-186" position="float"><label>Table 1</label><caption><p>Patient Inclusion/Exclusion Criteria</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="none"><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><list list-type="order"><list-item><p><bold>Patient inclusion criteria</bold></p><list list-type="alpha-lower"><list-item><p>One or more missing teeth in either canine or posterior region</p></list-item><list-item><p>Sufficient bone volume</p></list-item><list-item><p>Good oral hygiene</p></list-item></list></list-item><list-item><p><bold>Patient exclusion criteria</bold></p><list list-type="alpha-lower"><list-item><p>Esthetic reasons</p></list-item><list-item><p>Extraction site healing for less than 6 months</p></list-item><list-item><p>Active periodontitis</p></list-item><list-item><p>Residual roots in the implant site</p></list-item><list-item><p>Mucosal diseases.</p></list-item><list-item><p>Current chemotherapy</p></list-item><list-item><p>Use of any investigational drugs or devices within the 30-day period immediately prior to implant surgery</p></list-item><list-item><p>Indication for bone graft in the implant site</p></list-item><list-item><p>Alcohol or drug abuse</p></list-item><list-item><p>Systemic disorders</p><p>Pregnancy</p></list-item></list></list-item></list></td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap><table-wrap id="t2-jod-8-186" position="float"><label>Table 2</label><caption><p>Distribution of Implants According to Insertion Sites</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Site</th><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="3" colspan="1">Canine</th><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="3" colspan="1">Premolar</th><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="3" colspan="1">Molar</th></tr><tr><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><hr></hr></th></tr><tr><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Implant Type</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>Replace</bold></td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">11 (7.20%)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">57 (37.25%)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">85 (55.55%)</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>ITI</bold></td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">48 (31.78 %)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">77 (51%)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">26 (17.22%)</td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap><table-wrap id="t3-jod-8-186" position="float"><label>Table 3</label><caption><p>Distribution and Number of Placed Implants According to Bone Density</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th align="center" valign="bottom" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Bone Type</th><th align="center" valign="bottom" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Number of Replace Implants</th><th align="center" valign="bottom" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Number of ITI Implants</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>I</bold></td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">16 (10.46%)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5 (3.32%)</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>II</bold></td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">76 (49.67%)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">110 (72.84%)</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>III</bold></td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">53 (34.65%)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">27 (17.88%)</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>IV</bold></td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8 (5.22%)</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">9 (5.96%)</td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap></floats-group></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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