Location of the Mandibular Canal and Thickness of the Occlusal Cortical Bone at Dental Implant Sites in the Lower Second Premolar and First Molar
Identifieur interne : 002B33 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 002B32; suivant : 002B34Location of the Mandibular Canal and Thickness of the Occlusal Cortical Bone at Dental Implant Sites in the Lower Second Premolar and First Molar
Auteurs : Jui-Ting Hsu [Taïwan] ; Heng-Li Huang [Taïwan] ; Lih-Jyh Fuh [Taïwan] ; Rou-Wei Li [Taïwan] ; Jay Wu [Taïwan] ; Ming-Tzu Tsai [Taïwan] ; Yen-Wen Shen [Taïwan] ; Ming-Gene Tu [Taïwan]Source :
- Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine [ 1748-670X ] ; 2013.
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the location of the mandibular canal and the thickness of the occlusal cortical bone at dental implant sites in the lower second premolar and lower first molar by using dental cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Seventy-nine sites (47 second premolar and 32 first molar sites) were identified in the dental CBCT examinations of 47 patients. In this study, 4 parameters were measured: (1) MC—the distance from the mandibular canal to the upper border of the mandible; (2) CD—the distance from the mandibular canal to the buccal border of the mandible; (3) MD—the distance from the mandibular canal to the lingual border of the mandible; (4) TC—the thickness of the cortical bone at the occlusal side. A statistical analysis was employed to compare the size and differences between these 4 parameters at the lower second premolar and lower first molar. Regarding the MC and MD, the experimental results showed no statistical difference between the first molar and second premolar. However, the TC for the second premolar was greater than that of the first molar. Thus, careful consideration is necessary in choosing the size of and operation type for dental implants.
Url:
DOI: 10.1155/2013/608570
PubMed: 24302975
PubMed Central: 3835806
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>The objective of this study was to evaluate the location of the mandibular canal and the thickness of the occlusal cortical bone at dental implant sites in the lower second premolar and lower first molar by using dental cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Seventy-nine sites (47 second premolar and 32 first molar sites) were identified in the dental CBCT examinations of 47 patients. In this study, 4 parameters were measured: (1) MC—the distance from the mandibular canal to the upper border of the mandible; (2) CD—the distance from the mandibular canal to the buccal border of the mandible; (3) MD—the distance from the mandibular canal to the lingual border of the mandible; (4) TC—the thickness of the cortical bone at the occlusal side. A statistical analysis was employed to compare the size and differences between these 4 parameters at the lower second premolar and lower first molar. Regarding the MC and MD, the experimental results showed no statistical difference between the first molar and second premolar. However, the TC for the second premolar was greater than that of the first molar. Thus, careful consideration is necessary in choosing the size of and operation type for dental implants.</p>
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<pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Comput Math Methods Med</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Comput Math Methods Med</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">CMMM</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">1748-670X</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">1748-6718</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Hindawi Publishing Corporation</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">24302975</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3835806</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1155/2013/608570</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>Location of the Mandibular Canal and Thickness of the Occlusal Cortical Bone at Dental Implant Sites in the Lower Second Premolar and First Molar</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid" authenticated="false">http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5533-2059</contrib-id>
<name><surname>Hsu</surname>
<given-names>Jui-Ting</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1"><sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Huang</surname>
<given-names>Heng-Li</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1"><sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Fuh</surname>
<given-names>Lih-Jyh</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1"><sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I2"><sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Li</surname>
<given-names>Rou-Wei</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1"><sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Wu</surname>
<given-names>Jay</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I3"><sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Tsai</surname>
<given-names>Ming-Tzu</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I4"><sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Shen</surname>
<given-names>Yen-Wen</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1"><sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I2"><sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Tu</surname>
<given-names>Ming-Gene</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1"><sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I2"><sup>2</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1">*</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="I1"><sup>1</sup>
School of Dentistry, College of Medicine, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan</aff>
<aff id="I2"><sup>2</sup>
Department of Dentistry, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan</aff>
<aff id="I3"><sup>3</sup>
Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Science, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan</aff>
<aff id="I4"><sup>4</sup>
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hungkuang University, Taichung 433, Taiwan</aff>
<author-notes><corresp id="cor1">*Ming-Gene Tu: <email>mgtu@mail.cmu.edu.tw</email>
</corresp>
<fn fn-type="other"><p>Academic Editor: Tianye Niu</p>
</fn>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><year>2013</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>3</day>
<month>11</month>
<year>2013</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>2013</volume>
<elocation-id>608570</elocation-id>
<history><date date-type="received"><day>15</day>
<month>6</month>
<year>2013</year>
</date>
<date date-type="rev-recd"><day>4</day>
<month>9</month>
<year>2013</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted"><day>23</day>
<month>9</month>
<year>2013</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2013 Jui-Ting Hsu et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2013</copyright-year>
<license xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/"><license-p>This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<abstract><p>The objective of this study was to evaluate the location of the mandibular canal and the thickness of the occlusal cortical bone at dental implant sites in the lower second premolar and lower first molar by using dental cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Seventy-nine sites (47 second premolar and 32 first molar sites) were identified in the dental CBCT examinations of 47 patients. In this study, 4 parameters were measured: (1) MC—the distance from the mandibular canal to the upper border of the mandible; (2) CD—the distance from the mandibular canal to the buccal border of the mandible; (3) MD—the distance from the mandibular canal to the lingual border of the mandible; (4) TC—the thickness of the cortical bone at the occlusal side. A statistical analysis was employed to compare the size and differences between these 4 parameters at the lower second premolar and lower first molar. Regarding the MC and MD, the experimental results showed no statistical difference between the first molar and second premolar. However, the TC for the second premolar was greater than that of the first molar. Thus, careful consideration is necessary in choosing the size of and operation type for dental implants.</p>
</abstract>
<funding-group><award-group><funding-source>http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001868 National Science Council Taiwan</funding-source>
<award-id>NSC 101-2221-E-039-003</award-id>
</award-group>
</funding-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
<floats-group><fig id="fig1" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Figure 1</label>
<caption><p>(a) The 3 orthogonal sections of the dental CBCT; (b) 3D model of the mandibular bone from the same angle as (a); (c) frontal view of the mandible rotated to a horizontal plane and parallel to the occlusal plane; (d) side view of the mandible rotated to a horizontal plane and parallel to the occlusal plane.</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="CMMM2013-608570.001"></graphic>
</fig>
<fig id="fig2" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Figure 2</label>
<caption><p>Upper left: axial slice of the mandible with planning and orthoradial lines along the mandibular arch. Upper right: multiple orthoradial reconstructions corresponding to the orthoradial lines visible on the axial slice. Lower half: measurement of the location of the mandibular canal and the thickness of the occlusal cortical bone on the selected slice (second premolar). MC: the distance from the mandibular canal to the upper border of the mandible; CD: the distance from the mandibular canal to the buccal border of the mandible; MD: the distance from the mandibular canal to the lingual border of the mandible; TC: the thickness of the cortical bone at the occlusal side.</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="CMMM2013-608570.002"></graphic>
</fig>
<fig id="fig3" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Figure 3</label>
<caption><p>The TC (thickness of the cortical bone at the occlusal side) at the second premolar and first molar position (**<italic>P</italic>
< .001).</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="CMMM2013-608570.003"></graphic>
</fig>
<fig id="fig4" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Figure 4</label>
<caption><p>The CD (distance from the mandibular canal to the buccal border of the mandible) at the second premolar and first molar position (*<italic>P</italic>
< .05).</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="CMMM2013-608570.004"></graphic>
</fig>
<fig id="fig5" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Figure 5</label>
<caption><p>The MC (distance from the mandibular canal to the upper border of the mandible) at the second premolar and first molar position (<italic>P</italic>
> .05).</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="CMMM2013-608570.005"></graphic>
</fig>
<fig id="fig6" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Figure 6</label>
<caption><p>The MD (distance from the mandibular canal to the lingual border of the mandible) at the second premolar and first molar position (<italic>P</italic>
> .05).</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="CMMM2013-608570.006"></graphic>
</fig>
<table-wrap id="tab1" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Table 1</label>
<caption><p>Measurements of TC, MC, MD, and CD at the second premolar and first molar.</p>
</caption>
<table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></th>
<th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th>
<th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Mean (mm)</th>
<th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th>
<th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">SD (mm)</th>
<th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">CV (%)</th>
<th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Max (mm)</th>
<th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Min (mm)</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr><td align="left" rowspan="4" colspan="1">Lower second premolar</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">TC</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.38</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">±</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.49</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">20.49</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.42</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.60</td>
</tr>
<tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">MC</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">15.88</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">±</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.41</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">21.50</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">23.75</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">10.56</td>
</tr>
<tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">MD</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.92</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">±</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.05</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">26.76</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6.34</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.65</td>
</tr>
<tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">CD</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.08</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">±</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.98</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">24.90</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6.43</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.63</td>
</tr>
<tr><td align="left" colspan="8" rowspan="1"><hr></hr>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td align="left" rowspan="4" colspan="1">Lower first molar</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">TC</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.72</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">±</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.39</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">22.62</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.60</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.00</td>
</tr>
<tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">MC</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">16.15</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">±</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.71</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">16.75</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">23.64</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">11.25</td>
</tr>
<tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">MD</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.00</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">±</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.90</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">22.46</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.52</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.86</td>
</tr>
<tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">CD</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.72</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">±</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.27</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">26.82</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8.52</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.56</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table-wrap-foot><fn><p>SD: standard deviation; CV: coefficient of variation (100 × SD/mean); MC: the distance from the mandibular canal to the upper border of the mandible; CD: the distance from the mandibular canal to the buccal border of the mandible; MD: the distance from the mandibular canal to the lingual border of the mandible; TC: the thickness of the cortical bone at the occlusal side.</p>
</fn>
<fn><p>All variables were normally distributed (Shapiro-Wilk test, <italic>P</italic>
> .05).</p>
</fn>
</table-wrap-foot>
</table-wrap>
</floats-group>
</pmc>
</record>
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