Influence of the Socio-Economic Context on Self-Reported Gingival Bleeding in Individuals of Ethnic Minority Groups: A Multilevel Analysis
Identifieur interne : 000636 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 000635; suivant : 000637Influence of the Socio-Economic Context on Self-Reported Gingival Bleeding in Individuals of Ethnic Minority Groups: A Multilevel Analysis
Auteurs : Carlos M. Ardila [Colombie] ; Annie Marcela Vivares-Builes [Colombie] ; Andrés A. Agudelo-Suárez [Colombie]Source :
- Global Journal of Health Science [ 1916-9736 ] ; 2015.
Abstract
To evaluate the influence of the socio-economic context on self-reported gingival bleeding (SRGB) in individuals of ethnic minority groups (IEG).
Data from the 2007 National Public Health Survey in Colombia were collected. A multiple-stage stratified sampling was used. Data from 34.843 subjects were collected through interviews. The influence of socio-economic factors on SRGB in IEG was investigated with logistic and multilevel regression analyses.
Out of 34.843 subjects studied, a total of 6.440 individuals were members of ethnic minority groups. SRGB was observed in approximately 5% of IEG. There was a significant difference between IEG and subjects of the rest of the sample (28.403 subjects) regarding SRGB, elementary and high school education, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Human Development Index (HDI) and Unmet Basic Needs Index (UBNI) disfavouring IEG (P<0.05). The logistic model showed that SRGB was associated with IEG (P<0.001). This association persisted after controlling for confounders. A total of 33 Colombian states (level 2) and 6.440 members (level 1) of ethnic minority groups were included in the multilevel analisys; this model showed that the variance on SRGB was statistically significant at level 1 and 2. However, the variation at IEG level (35%) was smaller than the variation between states (65%) in the multilevel multivariate model.
SRGB was higher in IEG. Also, GDP, HDI and UBNI were unfavourable factors in the members of ethnic minority groups. Considering these detriment factors and the higher variation between states, this study suggests that socio-economic context affects significantly SRGB in IEG.
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DOI: 10.5539/gjhs.v8n2p1
PubMed: 26383215
PubMed Central: 4804026
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<author><name sortKey="Ardila, Carlos M" sort="Ardila, Carlos M" uniqKey="Ardila C" first="Carlos M." last="Ardila">Carlos M. Ardila</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Biomedical Stomatology Research Group, Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Universidad de Antioquia U de A, Medellín, Colombia</nlm:aff>
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<author><name sortKey="Vivares Builes, Annie Marcela" sort="Vivares Builes, Annie Marcela" uniqKey="Vivares Builes A" first="Annie Marcela" last="Vivares-Builes">Annie Marcela Vivares-Builes</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Agudelo Suarez, Andres A" sort="Agudelo Suarez, Andres A" uniqKey="Agudelo Suarez A" first="Andrés A." last="Agudelo-Suárez">Andrés A. Agudelo-Suárez</name>
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Influence of the Socio-Economic Context on Self-Reported Gingival Bleeding in Individuals of Ethnic Minority Groups: A Multilevel Analysis</title>
<author><name sortKey="Ardila, Carlos M" sort="Ardila, Carlos M" uniqKey="Ardila C" first="Carlos M." last="Ardila">Carlos M. Ardila</name>
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<wicri:regionArea>Biomedical Stomatology Research Group, Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Universidad de Antioquia U de A, Medellín</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Vivares Builes, Annie Marcela" sort="Vivares Builes, Annie Marcela" uniqKey="Vivares Builes A" first="Annie Marcela" last="Vivares-Builes">Annie Marcela Vivares-Builes</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Basic Studies Department, School of Dentistry, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Colombie</country>
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<author><name sortKey="Agudelo Suarez, Andres A" sort="Agudelo Suarez, Andres A" uniqKey="Agudelo Suarez A" first="Andrés A." last="Agudelo-Suárez">Andrés A. Agudelo-Suárez</name>
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<series><title level="j">Global Journal of Health Science</title>
<idno type="ISSN">1916-9736</idno>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec id="st1"><title>Introduction:</title>
<p>To evaluate the influence of the socio-economic context on self-reported gingival bleeding (SRGB) in individuals of ethnic minority groups (IEG).</p>
</sec>
<sec id="st2"><title>Methods:</title>
<p>Data from the 2007 National Public Health Survey in Colombia were collected. A multiple-stage stratified sampling was used. Data from 34.843 subjects were collected through interviews. The influence of socio-economic factors on SRGB in IEG was investigated with logistic and multilevel regression analyses.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="st3"><title>Results:</title>
<p>Out of 34.843 subjects studied, a total of 6.440 individuals were members of ethnic minority groups. SRGB was observed in approximately 5% of IEG. There was a significant difference between IEG and subjects of the rest of the sample (28.403 subjects) regarding SRGB, elementary and high school education, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Human Development Index (HDI) and Unmet Basic Needs Index (UBNI) disfavouring IEG (P<0.05). The logistic model showed that SRGB was associated with IEG (P<0.001). This association persisted after controlling for confounders. A total of 33 Colombian states (level 2) and 6.440 members (level 1) of ethnic minority groups were included in the multilevel analisys; this model showed that the variance on SRGB was statistically significant at level 1 and 2. However, the variation at IEG level (35%) was smaller than the variation between states (65%) in the multilevel multivariate model.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="st4"><title>Conclusions:</title>
<p>SRGB was higher in IEG. Also, GDP, HDI and UBNI were unfavourable factors in the members of ethnic minority groups. Considering these detriment factors and the higher variation between states, this study suggests that socio-economic context affects significantly SRGB in IEG.</p>
</sec>
</div>
</front>
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<pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Glob J Health Sci</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Glob J Health Sci</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>Global Journal of Health Science</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">1916-9736</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">1916-9744</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Canadian Center of Science and Education</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Canada</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">26383215</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4804026</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">GJHS-8-1</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5539/gjhs.v8n2p1</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Articles</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>Influence of the Socio-Economic Context on Self-Reported Gingival Bleeding in Individuals of Ethnic Minority Groups: A Multilevel Analysis</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ardila</surname>
<given-names>Carlos M.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"></xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Vivares-Builes</surname>
<given-names>Annie Marcela</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Agudelo-Suárez</surname>
<given-names>Andrés A.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">3</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="aff1"><label>1</label>
Biomedical Stomatology Research Group, Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Universidad de Antioquia U de A, Medellín, Colombia</aff>
<aff id="aff2"><label>2</label>
Basic Studies Department, School of Dentistry, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia</aff>
<aff id="aff3"><label>3</label>
Research Department, School of Dentistry, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia</aff>
<author-notes><corresp id="cor1">Correspondence: Carlos M. Ardila, Universidad de Antioquia U de A, Medellín, Colombia, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín 057, Colombia. Tel: 57-4219-6700. E-mail: <email xlink:href="martin.ardila@udea.edu.co">martin.ardila@udea.edu.co</email>
</corresp>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>2</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day>
<month>6</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>8</volume>
<issue>2</issue>
<fpage>1</fpage>
<lpage>8</lpage>
<history><date date-type="received"><day>01</day>
<month>4</month>
<year>2015</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted"><day>29</day>
<month>4</month>
<year>2015</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright: © Canadian Center of Science and Education</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2016</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/"><license-p><pmc-comment>CREATIVE COMMONS</pmc-comment>
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/</ext-link>
).</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<abstract><sec id="st1"><title>Introduction:</title>
<p>To evaluate the influence of the socio-economic context on self-reported gingival bleeding (SRGB) in individuals of ethnic minority groups (IEG).</p>
</sec>
<sec id="st2"><title>Methods:</title>
<p>Data from the 2007 National Public Health Survey in Colombia were collected. A multiple-stage stratified sampling was used. Data from 34.843 subjects were collected through interviews. The influence of socio-economic factors on SRGB in IEG was investigated with logistic and multilevel regression analyses.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="st3"><title>Results:</title>
<p>Out of 34.843 subjects studied, a total of 6.440 individuals were members of ethnic minority groups. SRGB was observed in approximately 5% of IEG. There was a significant difference between IEG and subjects of the rest of the sample (28.403 subjects) regarding SRGB, elementary and high school education, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Human Development Index (HDI) and Unmet Basic Needs Index (UBNI) disfavouring IEG (P<0.05). The logistic model showed that SRGB was associated with IEG (P<0.001). This association persisted after controlling for confounders. A total of 33 Colombian states (level 2) and 6.440 members (level 1) of ethnic minority groups were included in the multilevel analisys; this model showed that the variance on SRGB was statistically significant at level 1 and 2. However, the variation at IEG level (35%) was smaller than the variation between states (65%) in the multilevel multivariate model.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="st4"><title>Conclusions:</title>
<p>SRGB was higher in IEG. Also, GDP, HDI and UBNI were unfavourable factors in the members of ethnic minority groups. Considering these detriment factors and the higher variation between states, this study suggests that socio-economic context affects significantly SRGB in IEG.</p>
</sec>
</abstract>
<kwd-group><kwd>ethnic groups</kwd>
<kwd>gingival hemorrhage</kwd>
<kwd>healthcare disparities</kwd>
<kwd>multilevel analyses</kwd>
<kwd>self report</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
</record>
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