Role of Botox in Efficient Muscle Relaxation and Treatment Outcome: An Overview
Identifieur interne : 001F95 ( Pmc/Corpus ); précédent : 001F94; suivant : 001F96Role of Botox in Efficient Muscle Relaxation and Treatment Outcome: An Overview
Auteurs : P. Kumar ; A. Khattar ; R. Goel ; A. KumarSource :
- Annals of Medical and Health Sciences Research [ 2141-9248 ] ; 2013.
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DOI: 10.4103/2141-9248.109489
PubMed: 23634350
PubMed Central: 3634214
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Role of Botox in Efficient Muscle Relaxation and Treatment Outcome: An Overview</title><author><name sortKey="Kumar, P" sort="Kumar, P" uniqKey="Kumar P" first="P" last="Kumar">P. Kumar</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Khattar, A" sort="Khattar, A" uniqKey="Khattar A" first="A" last="Khattar">A. Khattar</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2"><italic>Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, ITS Dental College, Uttar Pradesh, India</italic></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Goel, R" sort="Goel, R" uniqKey="Goel R" first="R" last="Goel">R. Goel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff3"><italic>Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, IDST Dental College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India</italic></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kumar, A" sort="Kumar, A" uniqKey="Kumar A" first="A" last="Kumar">A. Kumar</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff4"><italic>Department of Prosthodontics, ITS Dental College, Uttar Pradesh, India</italic></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">23634350</idno><idno type="pmc">3634214</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3634214</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:3634214</idno><idno type="doi">10.4103/2141-9248.109489</idno><date when="2013">2013</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">001F95</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">001F95</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Role of Botox in Efficient Muscle Relaxation and Treatment Outcome: An Overview</title><author><name sortKey="Kumar, P" sort="Kumar, P" uniqKey="Kumar P" first="P" last="Kumar">P. Kumar</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Khattar, A" sort="Khattar, A" uniqKey="Khattar A" first="A" last="Khattar">A. Khattar</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2"><italic>Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, ITS Dental College, Uttar Pradesh, India</italic></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Goel, R" sort="Goel, R" uniqKey="Goel R" first="R" last="Goel">R. Goel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff3"><italic>Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, IDST Dental College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India</italic></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kumar, A" sort="Kumar, A" uniqKey="Kumar A" first="A" last="Kumar">A. Kumar</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff4"><italic>Department of Prosthodontics, ITS Dental College, Uttar Pradesh, India</italic></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Annals of Medical and Health Sciences Research</title><idno type="ISSN">2141-9248</idno><idno type="eISSN">2277-9205</idno><imprint><date when="2013">2013</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ihde, S" uniqKey="Ihde S">S Ihde</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kayikvioglu, A" uniqKey="Kayikvioglu A">A Kayikvioglu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Erk, Y" uniqKey="Erk Y">Y Erk</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mavili, E" uniqKey="Mavili E">E Mavili</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vargel, I" uniqKey="Vargel I">I Vargel</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ozgur, F" uniqKey="Ozgur F">F Ozgur</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Blumenfeld, A" uniqKey="Blumenfeld A">A Blumenfeld</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Freund, B" uniqKey="Freund B">B Freund</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schwartz, M" uniqKey="Schwartz M">M Schwartz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Symington, Jm" uniqKey="Symington J">JM Symington</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Tan, Ek" uniqKey="Tan E">EK Tan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jankovic, J" uniqKey="Jankovic J">J Jankovic</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><pmc article-type="letter"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Ann Med Health Sci Res</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Ann Med Health Sci Res</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">AMHSR</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Annals of Medical and Health Sciences Research</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2141-9248</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2277-9205</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd</publisher-name><publisher-loc>India</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">23634350</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3634214</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">AMHSR-3-131</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.4103/2141-9248.109489</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Letters to Editor</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Role of Botox in Efficient Muscle Relaxation and Treatment Outcome: An Overview</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kumar</surname><given-names>P</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Khattar</surname><given-names>A</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Goel</surname><given-names>R</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kumar</surname><given-names>A</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">3</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1"><italic>Department of Prosthodontics, Shree Bankey Bihari Dental College and Research Centre, Uttar Pradesh, India E-mail:<email xlink:href="princekumar@its.edu.in">princekumar@its.edu.in</email></italic></aff><aff id="aff2"><label>1</label><italic>Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, ITS Dental College, Uttar Pradesh, India</italic></aff><aff id="aff3"><label>2</label><italic>Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, IDST Dental College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India</italic></aff><aff id="aff4"><label>3</label><italic>Department of Prosthodontics, ITS Dental College, Uttar Pradesh, India</italic></aff><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><season>Jan-Mar</season><year>2013</year></pub-date><volume>3</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>131</fpage><lpage>131</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright: © Annals of Medical and Health Sciences Research</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2013</copyright-year><license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0"><license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p></license></permissions></article-meta></front><body><p>Dear Editor,</p><p>Smile is the most distinguished expression, and is the keystone of social interaction and communication. It is the universal welcoming greeting in all cultures and ethnicity. Just as a pleasant smile can act as a potential communication tool, an unpleasing smile can have the equally downbeat impact. Smile designing and functional restoration with dental implants, especially in partially edentulous patients, has become incredibly popular among prosthodontists in the last two decades. Botox is one of the most promising and exciting novel additions to the dentist's arsenal for the treatment of temporomandibular disorder (TMD), mandibular spasm, prominent gums, masseteric hypertrophy and various cosmetic corrections. Botox is the generic name for the neurotoxin protein botulinum toxin Type A produced by fermentation of anaerobic bacterium <italic>Clostridium botulinum</italic>, which is a secure, sterilized and vacuum-dried powder diluted with saline solution. In implant therapy, bone to implant union (osseointegration) can be impeded by excessive functional forces in patients with para-functional habits. Additionally, implant overloading while healing can result in early implant failure primarily by cessation of the active osseointegration process. Botox therapy prior to implant surgeries has been shown to enhance prognosis and aesthetic advantages. This is especially true in patients with a known history of night clenching of teeth (bruxism), where prophylactic use of botox injections is very effective in achieving true bone to implant connection. Botox decreases the muscle activity by blocking overactive nerve impulses that trigger excessive muscular contractions by selectively preventing the release of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) at the neuromuscular junction.[<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref1">1</xref>]</p><p>Pre-surgical botox therapy also plays a key role in attaining muscular relaxation during surgical repair of multiple maxillofacial fractures associated with road traffic accident. Inappropriately attended hypertonic peri-traumatic musculature may lead to impedance of formation of callus.[<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref2">2</xref>] Excessive forces created by para-functional clenching impede healing and reattachment of gums and bone in the mouth following trauma. Botox doses up to 61.7 U (range 25-100 U) have been shown to achieve therapeutic response in bruxism, while higher doses (up to 150 U) are reported to significantly decrease pain and tenderness in temporalis and masseter muscles with improved function and mouth opening.[<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref3">3</xref>–<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref5">5</xref>] Because the para-functional activity usually leads to periodontal trauma in the form of trauma from occlusion, preventing such activity prior to and following periodontal surgery can promote the healing process. The use of a splint is often contraindicated because the teeth should be functional during healing.</p><p>Nevertheless, curative approach via botox transiently inhibits normal oral function, which eventually comes back to previous levels once the effect of the drug has subsided. In spite of several controversies, botox therapy is a conventional, non-invasive and pre-surgical treatment that weakens the injected muscle but leaves the other muscles unaffected. The procedures are trouble-free to complete by general dental practitioners, prosthodontists and cosmetic surgeons, with suitable instructions and guidelines. This letter is an attempt to draw attention toward the potential role of botox as an adjunct to prosthodontic surgery as well as in the context of maxillo-facial trauma. I hope it will prove to be a gentle nudge to steer the researchers in this direction.</p></body><back><ref-list><ref id="ref1"><label>1</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><person-group person-group-type="author"><name><surname>Ihde</surname><given-names>S</given-names></name></person-group><article-title>Prophylactic use of botulinum toxin in dental implantlogy</article-title><source>Cranio-maxillofacial Implant Dir</source><year>2007</year><volume>2</volume><fpage>3</fpage><lpage>8</lpage></element-citation></ref><ref id="ref2"><label>2</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><person-group person-group-type="author"><name><surname>Kayikvioglu</surname><given-names>A</given-names></name><name><surname>Erk</surname><given-names>Y</given-names></name><name><surname>Mavili</surname><given-names>E</given-names></name><name><surname>Vargel</surname><given-names>I</given-names></name><name><surname>Ozgur</surname><given-names>F</given-names></name></person-group><article-title>Botulinum toxin in the treatment of zygomatic fractures</article-title><source>Plast Reconstr Surg</source><year>2003</year><volume>111</volume><fpage>341</fpage><lpage>6</lpage><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">12496600</pub-id></element-citation></ref><ref id="ref3"><label>3</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><person-group person-group-type="author"><name><surname>Blumenfeld</surname><given-names>A</given-names></name></person-group><article-title>Botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of Dental conditions</article-title><source>Inside Dent</source><year>2007</year><volume>2</volume><fpage>1</fpage><lpage>5</lpage></element-citation></ref><ref id="ref4"><label>4</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><person-group person-group-type="author"><name><surname>Freund</surname><given-names>B</given-names></name><name><surname>Schwartz</surname><given-names>M</given-names></name><name><surname>Symington</surname><given-names>JM</given-names></name></person-group><article-title>The use of botulinum toxin for the treatment of temporomandibular disorders: Preliminary findings</article-title><source>J Oral Maxillofac Surg</source><year>1999</year><volume>57</volume><fpage>916</fpage><lpage>20</lpage><comment>discussion 920-1</comment><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">10437718</pub-id></element-citation></ref><ref id="ref5"><label>5</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><person-group person-group-type="author"><name><surname>Tan</surname><given-names>EK</given-names></name><name><surname>Jankovic</surname><given-names>J</given-names></name></person-group><article-title>Treating severe bruxism with botulinum toxin</article-title><source>J Am Dent Assoc</source><year>2000</year><volume>131</volume><fpage>211</fpage><lpage>6</lpage><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">10680389</pub-id></element-citation></ref></ref-list></back></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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