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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Perception and knowledge of dental interns toward interdepartmental coordination for successful prosthodontic treatment: A pilot study</title><author><name sortKey="Shigli, Kamal" sort="Shigli, Kamal" uniqKey="Shigli K" first="Kamal" last="Shigli">Kamal Shigli</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Prosthodontics, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University Dental College and Hospital, Sangli, India</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kakodkar, Pradnya" sort="Kakodkar, Pradnya" uniqKey="Kakodkar P" first="Pradnya" last="Kakodkar">Pradnya Kakodkar</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Public Health Dentistry, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Pimpri, Pune, India</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Agrawal, Neha" sort="Agrawal, Neha" uniqKey="Agrawal N" first="Neha" last="Agrawal">Neha Agrawal</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff3">Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, Dr. Z.A. Dental College, AMU, Aligarh, India</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hebbal, Mamata" sort="Hebbal, Mamata" uniqKey="Hebbal M" first="Mamata" last="Hebbal">Mamata Hebbal</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff4">Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, K.L. E. V. K. Institute of Dental Sciences, Belgaum, Karnataka, India</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Huddar, Dayanand" sort="Huddar, Dayanand" uniqKey="Huddar D" first="Dayanand" last="Huddar">Dayanand Huddar</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Prosthodontics, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University Dental College and Hospital, Sangli, India</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vikneshan, M" sort="Vikneshan, M" uniqKey="Vikneshan M" first="M." last="Vikneshan">M. Vikneshan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff5">Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, Pondicherry, India</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">26929538</idno><idno type="pmc">4762344</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4762344</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4762344</idno><idno type="doi">10.4103/0972-4052.161570</idno><date when="2015">2015</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000701</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000701</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Perception and knowledge of dental interns toward interdepartmental coordination for successful prosthodontic treatment: A pilot study</title><author><name sortKey="Shigli, Kamal" sort="Shigli, Kamal" uniqKey="Shigli K" first="Kamal" last="Shigli">Kamal Shigli</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Prosthodontics, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University Dental College and Hospital, Sangli, India</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kakodkar, Pradnya" sort="Kakodkar, Pradnya" uniqKey="Kakodkar P" first="Pradnya" last="Kakodkar">Pradnya Kakodkar</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Public Health Dentistry, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Pimpri, Pune, India</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Agrawal, Neha" sort="Agrawal, Neha" uniqKey="Agrawal N" first="Neha" last="Agrawal">Neha Agrawal</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff3">Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, Dr. Z.A. Dental College, AMU, Aligarh, India</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hebbal, Mamata" sort="Hebbal, Mamata" uniqKey="Hebbal M" first="Mamata" last="Hebbal">Mamata Hebbal</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff4">Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, K.L. E. V. K. Institute of Dental Sciences, Belgaum, Karnataka, India</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Huddar, Dayanand" sort="Huddar, Dayanand" uniqKey="Huddar D" first="Dayanand" last="Huddar">Dayanand Huddar</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Prosthodontics, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University Dental College and Hospital, Sangli, India</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vikneshan, M" sort="Vikneshan, M" uniqKey="Vikneshan M" first="M." last="Vikneshan">M. Vikneshan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff5">Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, Pondicherry, India</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">The Journal of the Indian Prosthodontic Society</title><idno type="ISSN">0972-4052</idno><idno type="eISSN">1998-4057</idno><imprint><date when="2015">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec id="st1"><title>Background:</title><p>The graduating dentist should be trained in providing treatment utilizing the interdisciplinary approach because of the rapid advancements and increase in patient expectations, which demands for collaboration between the different specialists.</p></sec><sec id="st2"><title>Purpose:</title><p>A pilot study was undertaken with an aim to assess the perception and knowledge of dental interns toward interdepartmental coordination for successful prosthodontic treatment.</p></sec><sec id="st3"><title>Subjects and Methods:</title><p>Dental interns from two dental colleges in Sangli (India) participated in the study. A 24-item self-administered, structured closed-ended questionnaire was used to collect the data. Four questions assessed the perception and 20 questions assessed the knowledge, which were based on the four domains viz.: General, Endodontics, Orthodontics, and Prosthodontics. They were framed from case scenarios reporting to the Department of Prosthodontics, which required interdepartmental consultation. The questionnaire was validated before its application and reliability were also assessed. The final score for each question was calculated based on the correct responses. Descriptive analysis was calculated using the frequencies, percentages, and mean values by using SPSS 16 software.</p></sec><sec id="st4"><title>Results:</title><p>Among 117 interns who participated in the study, 79.5% reported that they lacked training in an interdisciplinary approach. Approximately, 96% reported that the curriculum should be designed to include interdisciplinary training. Nearly, 88% reported that specialist from different specialty should be posted in one interdisciplinary department. Around 60% reported that they did not have the confidence of treating the patient as a whole. When the overall mean scores were considered, the highest scores were obtained for the general domain (95.3) and the lowest for the prosthodontic domain (83.6).</p></sec><sec id="st5"><title>Conclusion:</title><p>The dental interns perceived that they lacked training in interdisciplinary approach, and the curriculum should include interdisciplinary training.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Spear, Fm" uniqKey="Spear F">FM Spear</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kokich, Vg" uniqKey="Kokich V">VG Kokich</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Elangovan, S" uniqKey="Elangovan S">S Elangovan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Allareddy, V" uniqKey="Allareddy V">V Allareddy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Singh, F" uniqKey="Singh F">F Singh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Taneja, P" uniqKey="Taneja P">P Taneja</name></author><author><name 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uniqKey="Slavicek G">G Slavicek</name></author><author><name sortKey="Makarevich, A" uniqKey="Makarevich A">A Makarevich</name></author><author><name sortKey="Makarevich, I" uniqKey="Makarevich I">I Makarevich</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bulatova, K" uniqKey="Bulatova K">K Bulatova</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Shetty, Vb" uniqKey="Shetty V">VB Shetty</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shirahatti, Rv" uniqKey="Shirahatti R">RV Shirahatti</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pawar, P" uniqKey="Pawar P">P Pawar</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Arena, G" uniqKey="Arena G">G Arena</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kruger, E" uniqKey="Kruger E">E Kruger</name></author><author><name sortKey="Holley, D" uniqKey="Holley D">D Holley</name></author><author><name sortKey="Millar, S" uniqKey="Millar S">S Millar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tennant, M" uniqKey="Tennant M">M Tennant</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Richards, Ps" uniqKey="Richards P">PS Richards</name></author><author><name sortKey="Inglehart, Mr" uniqKey="Inglehart M">MR Inglehart</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Garvey, Mt" uniqKey="Garvey M">MT Garvey</name></author><author><name sortKey="O Ullivan, M" uniqKey="O Ullivan M">M O’Sullivan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Blake, M" uniqKey="Blake M">M Blake</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rock, Wp" uniqKey="Rock W">WP Rock</name></author><author><name sortKey="O Rien, Kd" uniqKey="O Rien K">KD O’Brien</name></author><author><name sortKey="Stephens, Cd" uniqKey="Stephens C">CD Stephens</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">J Indian Prosthodont Soc</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">J Indian Prosthodont Soc</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">JIPS</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>The Journal of the Indian Prosthodontic Society</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0972-4052</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1998-4057</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd</publisher-name><publisher-loc>India</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">26929538</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4762344</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">JIPS-15-342</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.4103/0972-4052.161570</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Original Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Perception and knowledge of dental interns toward interdepartmental coordination for successful prosthodontic treatment: A pilot study</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Shigli</surname><given-names>Kamal</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kakodkar</surname><given-names>Pradnya</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Agrawal</surname><given-names>Neha</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Hebbal</surname><given-names>Mamata</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">3</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Huddar</surname><given-names>Dayanand</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Vikneshan</surname><given-names>M.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">4</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1">Department of Prosthodontics, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University Dental College and Hospital, Sangli, India</aff><aff id="aff2"><label>1</label>Department of Public Health Dentistry, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Pimpri, Pune, India</aff><aff id="aff3"><label>2</label>Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, Dr. Z.A. Dental College, AMU, Aligarh, India</aff><aff id="aff4"><label>3</label>Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, K.L. E. V. K. Institute of Dental Sciences, Belgaum, Karnataka, India</aff><aff id="aff5"><label>4</label>Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, Pondicherry, India</aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor1"><bold>Address for correspondence:</bold> Dr. Kamal Shigli, B-4, Staff Quarters, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University Dental College and Hospital, Wanlesswadi, Sangli-Miraj Road, Sangli - 416 414, Maharashtra, India. E-mail: <email xlink:href="kamalshigli@yahoo.co.in">kamalshigli@yahoo.co.in</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><season>Oct-Dec</season><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>342</fpage><lpage>348</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>29</day><month>3</month><year>2015</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>06</day><month>6</month><year>2015</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright: © 2015 The Journal of Indian Prosthodontic Society</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0"><license-p>This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><sec id="st1"><title>Background:</title><p>The graduating dentist should be trained in providing treatment utilizing the interdisciplinary approach because of the rapid advancements and increase in patient expectations, which demands for collaboration between the different specialists.</p></sec><sec id="st2"><title>Purpose:</title><p>A pilot study was undertaken with an aim to assess the perception and knowledge of dental interns toward interdepartmental coordination for successful prosthodontic treatment.</p></sec><sec id="st3"><title>Subjects and Methods:</title><p>Dental interns from two dental colleges in Sangli (India) participated in the study. A 24-item self-administered, structured closed-ended questionnaire was used to collect the data. Four questions assessed the perception and 20 questions assessed the knowledge, which were based on the four domains viz.: General, Endodontics, Orthodontics, and Prosthodontics. They were framed from case scenarios reporting to the Department of Prosthodontics, which required interdepartmental consultation. The questionnaire was validated before its application and reliability were also assessed. The final score for each question was calculated based on the correct responses. Descriptive analysis was calculated using the frequencies, percentages, and mean values by using SPSS 16 software.</p></sec><sec id="st4"><title>Results:</title><p>Among 117 interns who participated in the study, 79.5% reported that they lacked training in an interdisciplinary approach. Approximately, 96% reported that the curriculum should be designed to include interdisciplinary training. Nearly, 88% reported that specialist from different specialty should be posted in one interdisciplinary department. Around 60% reported that they did not have the confidence of treating the patient as a whole. When the overall mean scores were considered, the highest scores were obtained for the general domain (95.3) and the lowest for the prosthodontic domain (83.6).</p></sec><sec id="st5"><title>Conclusion:</title><p>The dental interns perceived that they lacked training in interdisciplinary approach, and the curriculum should include interdisciplinary training.</p></sec></abstract><kwd-group><title>Key Words</title><kwd>Horizontal integration</kwd><kwd>interdisciplinary dentistry</kwd><kwd>quality care</kwd><kwd>team approach</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body><sec sec-type="intro" id="sec1-1"><title>INTRODUCTION</title><p>Various disciplines in dentistry have to be utilized judiciously to deliver the highest level of dental care to each patient.[<xref rid="ref1" ref-type="bibr">1</xref>] In some instances existing dentitions simply cannot be restored to a more pleasing appearance without the assistance of several different dental disciplines. Methodical understanding of the roles of these various disciplines in producing an esthetic makeover is required, with the most conservative and biologically sound interdisciplinary treatment plan.[<xref rid="ref1" ref-type="bibr">1</xref>]</p><p>In India, the undergraduate dental curriculum has students in 3<sup>rd</sup> and 4<sup>th</sup> year divided into small groups, which complete rotations in various clinical departments. At the end of their rotations, the students usually get trained with the clinical abilities of the particular department. However, they are poorly prepared to recommend comprehensive treatment planning.[<xref rid="ref2" ref-type="bibr">2</xref><xref rid="ref3" ref-type="bibr">3</xref><xref rid="ref4" ref-type="bibr">4</xref>] For example, a student completing posting in the Department of Prosthodontics has an opportunity to provide the patient with only complete and removable partial dentures. Interdisciplinary dentistry involves a structured collaboration between restorative dentists and specialists involved in patient treatment; furthermore, there is a common working knowledge between all parties. “Structured collaboration” refers to all the treatment providers working together in harmony. The planning and execution of the treatment are structured and discussed together, and the vision is the same.[<xref rid="ref5" ref-type="bibr">5</xref>]</p><p>In this age of rapid advancements and increased patient expectations, an interdisciplinary collaboration of dental specialists and allied health professionals has become essential for better treatment outputs.[<xref rid="ref6" ref-type="bibr">6</xref><xref rid="ref7" ref-type="bibr">7</xref>] Interdisciplinary planning linking tooth conservation, periodontal tissue care, correction of malocclusion etc., establishes a common goal that benefits patient care.[<xref rid="ref8" ref-type="bibr">8</xref>] Each of the specialists involved is a very important cog in the wheel.[<xref rid="ref9" ref-type="bibr">9</xref>] The restorative dentist has an obligation to visualize the endpoint to completion and coordinate the team to achieve the desired outcome.[<xref rid="ref5" ref-type="bibr">5</xref>] “To have an accurate starting point, every problem to long-term health must be recognized; planning the complete process to a visualized end point should come first.”[<xref rid="ref10" ref-type="bibr">10</xref>] While proper diagnosis and treatment planning, as well as precise execution of the treatment, are important for the interdisciplinary approach, it is the good communication and rapport among the specialists that is the key to the success of the final outcome.[<xref rid="ref11" ref-type="bibr">11</xref>]</p><p>Many dental students do not choose additional formal training beyond their dental school program, so adequate training to interact with other professionals in order to provide quality care must occur during dental school.[<xref rid="ref12" ref-type="bibr">12</xref>]</p><p>The students’ perception of their training and their knowledge in the application of interdisciplinary approach has been least explored. Hence, we carried out a pilot study with an aim to assess dental interns’ perception and knowledge toward interdepartmental coordination for successful prosthodontic treatment. This was done by using a tool based on horizontal teaching integration.</p></sec><sec sec-type="methods" id="sec1-2"><title>SUBJECTS AND METHODS</title><p>A cross-sectional questionnaire study was conducted on dental interns of Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University Dental College and Hospital, and Vasantdada Patil Dental College and Hospital, Sangli. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Institutional Ethics Committee to conduct the study.</p><p>The interns of both the colleges who were willing to participate were included in the study. Written consent was obtained from study participants after explaining in detail about the study. The instrument used was a self-administered, structured, closed-ended questionnaire measuring the dental interns’ perception, and knowledge toward interdepartmental coordination for successful prosthodontic treatment. The investigators identified four domains involving interdepartmental coordination. In each domain, subtopics were identified by two investigators (KS and DH) based on relevance and were included in the questionnaire after a consensus.</p><p>The questions were framed from case scenarios reporting to the Department of Prosthodontics and requiring interdepartmental consultation. The content validity for the questionnaire was analyzed as per the procedures given by Lawshe.[<xref rid="ref13" ref-type="bibr">13</xref>] Content validity of the questionnaire was measured by taking the opinion of 30 subject experts, and the questionnaire was modified accordingly. If any question had a content validity ratio of <0.33, the question was deemed as inadequate and was deleted or changed after consultation with the experts. After the validity assessment, out of 27 original questions, 23 were retained without any change, one was modified, and three were deleted. The modified questionnaire consisted of 24 items [<xref ref-type="app" rid="App1">Appendix 1</xref>]. Part A comprised of four questions related to the perception of dental interns toward an interdisciplinary approach in prosthodontics (options yes/no). Part B comprised of 20 questions related to knowledge of dental interns regarding interdisciplinary approach. Part B was further divided into four domains: General (2 questions), Endodontics (3 questions), Orthodontics (3 questions), and Prosthodontics (12 questions).</p><p>The questionnaire was then evaluated by experts for face validity. Face validity was assessed by asking whether the questionnaire was good enough to measure interdepartmental coordination.[<xref rid="ref14" ref-type="bibr">14</xref>] No changes were suggested, and all 30 experts approved the questionnaire.</p><p>The questionnaire was administered to 11 outgoing batch of interns to check the comprehensibility of the questions. These interns were excluded from the main study. Then the main study was performed in the following way. All the interns of the 2013–2014 batch who had completed their final year were assembled in a classroom and were briefed about the study. Those who consented filled up the questionnaire. Each “correct” answer to a question was awarded one point while an “incorrect” response was given zero. Questions that were not answered were given zero points. Responses that were overwritten were excluded from analysis. The scores were calculated based on correct responses to the 20 items (knowledge questions). Based on the interns’ outlook regarding interdisciplinary approach their mean scores were calculated. The collected data were entered in Microsoft Excel. Descriptive analysis was performed by calculating the frequencies, percentages, and mean values. The analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 16.0 (SPSS Inc., Released 2007, Chicago, Illinois, USA).</p></sec><sec sec-type="results" id="sec1-3"><title>RESULTS</title><p>A total of 117 interns participated in the study female (<italic>n</italic> = 97) and male (<italic>n</italic> = 20) with the response rate of 93.6%. 93 interns (79.5%) reported that they lacked training in interdisciplinary approach, and 24 interns (20.5%) reported they had adequate training. 113 interns (96.6%) reported that the curriculum should be designed to include training for an interdisciplinary approach to dentistry, and 4 interns (3.4%) reported that the curriculum should not include training for an interdisciplinary approach. A total of 103 interns (88%) reported that specialist from different specialty should be posted in one interdisciplinary department and 14 interns (12%) reported that specialist from different specialty should not be posted in one interdisciplinary department. A total of 46 interns (39.3%) reported that they had confidence of treating the patient as a whole and 71 interns (60.7%) reported that they did not have confidence of treating the patient as a whole [<xref ref-type="table" rid="T1">Table 1</xref>]. When the overall mean percentage of correct responses for the four domains (general domain, endodontic, orthodontic domain, and prosthodontic domain) were considered the highest scores were obtained for the general domain (95.3) and the lowest for the prosthodontic domain (83.6) [<xref ref-type="table" rid="T2">Table 2</xref>].</p><table-wrap id="T1" position="float"><label>Table 1</label><caption><p>Distribution of subjects according to the perception of dental interns toward interdisciplinary approach in prosthodontics</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="JIPS-15-342-g001"></graphic></table-wrap><table-wrap id="T2" position="float"><label>Table 2</label><caption><p>Percentage of correct answers by the dental interns in each domain</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="JIPS-15-342-g002"></graphic></table-wrap></sec><sec sec-type="discussion" id="sec1-4"><title>DISCUSSION</title><p>Dental education faces a number of challenges in its efforts to train dental graduates who will interact with and be understood by other professionals.[<xref rid="ref15" ref-type="bibr">15</xref>]</p><p>The current dental curriculum in India is traditional which begins with parts of the whole. The students are expected to practice with training gathered from different specialty, and this training is compartmentalized. When the students are faced with the challenge to combine all this training in a single patient, they feel challenged. This difficulty is addressed by interdisciplinary approach or horizontal integration.</p><p>Interdisciplinary dentistry is marked by the application of perspectives, concepts, and methods that go beyond the limits of individual specialty.[<xref rid="ref16" ref-type="bibr">16</xref>] In lieu of its demand in patients’ with extensive oral rehabilitation and well-informed patients’ with higher expectations the present cross-sectional questionnaire study was undertaken with an aim to assess dental interns perception and knowledge toward interdepartmental coordination for successful prosthodontic treatment using a tool based on horizontal teaching integration. We could not come across an identical study for comparison.</p><p>According to the results of the present study, the majority of dental interns perceived that they lacked training in interdisciplinary approach, curriculum should be designed to include interdisciplinary approach and specialist from different specialty should be posted in one interdisciplinary department. Only 46 (39%) interns were confident in comprehensively treating a patient. The results of our study are similar to those of Shetty <italic>et al</italic>.,[<xref rid="ref17" ref-type="bibr">17</xref>] where 42% of the students were confident about starting dental practice. The results of our study are in disagreement with those of Arena <italic>et al</italic>.[<xref rid="ref18" ref-type="bibr">18</xref>] according to whom most graduates perceived themselves to be confident to practice. The reason for the difference in results could be due to the time period of the study as Arena <italic>et al</italic>. conducted a longitudinal study as oppose to our cross-sectional study.</p><p>The results of the study highlighted that the highest overall mean scores was for the general domain (95.3%), which could be as we keep on stressing on these aspects in all departments right from the time the student enters the clinical section. These results are similar to those of Arena <italic>et al</italic>. who reported competence in the more common aspects of general dentistry.</p><p>The next high overall mean score was obtained for the endodontic domain (92.9%), which may have been as the students may have encountered these situations more frequently.</p><p>The lowest overall mean score was obtained for the prosthodontic domain (83.6%).</p><p>Questions related to restoration of endodontically treated teeth, importance of laboratory communication being carried out before any prosthodontic treatment, and treatment plan for a completely edentulous patient with prominent genial tubercle seemed to be an area of less knowledge and needs to be stressed.</p><p>The next lowest mean score was for the orthodontic domain (86.1%). There appeared to be a lack of awareness related to the treatment plan for a patient with spaced anterior teeth. Case-based learning should be incorporated to expose students to a variety of cases.[<xref rid="ref19" ref-type="bibr">19</xref><xref rid="ref20" ref-type="bibr">20</xref>] The results of our study are in agreement with those of Rock <italic>et al</italic>.[<xref rid="ref21" ref-type="bibr">21</xref>] according to whom though students have good levels of basic orthodontic knowledge but are less successful when asked to apply that knowledge to clinical situations.</p><p>If the knowledge of the dental interns was less with the commonly provided specialty treatment, the management of complex clinical conditions would be difficult. Hence, it is suggested that interdisciplinary approach toward management of patients, from the undergraduate level, is very essential.</p><p>The present study was conducted using case scenarios to assess application level in the cognitive domain, rather than recall level. This assessed the knowledge, as well as their analytical and logical reasoning.</p><p>The limitations of our study were that as it was conducted only in two dental institutions of the same region hence the results of the study should be interpreted with caution. However, these results can serve as a baseline data. Further studies should be carried out to assess the knowledge of dental interns across different dental institutes.</p><p>Interdisciplinary training that considers treating the patient as a whole or comprehensively is required. This should be undertaken only after the student has the basic knowledge regarding what each specialty is all about. An interdisciplinary approach with specialists from various disciplines of dentistry is necessary for the extensive rehabilitation of complex cases. A separate panel of specialists may be formed in every dental institution to undertake the above-mentioned task so that the graduates can be trained to handle complicated cases once they start their practice as a general dentist. Interns should be posted in the Department of Comprehensive Dental Care.</p><p>Awareness regarding “Interdisciplinary Education” must be created in the dental faculty, and its importance stressed by carrying out changes in the curriculum. The dental curriculum should be designed in such a way that the students could render comprehensive dental treatment.</p></sec><sec sec-type="conclusion" id="sec1-5"><title>CONCLUSION</title><p>At present, the scenario is such that the dental interns are providing treatment, but it is based on the knowledge that is compartmentalized. This study revealed students have the highest knowledge in the general domain followed by endodontic domain, orthodontic domain, and least in the prosthodontic domain. There is an urgent need to develop the dental curriculum for interns training based on the concept of interdepartmental co-ordination.</p><sec id="sec2-1"><title>Financial support and sponsorship</title><p>Nil.</p></sec><sec id="sec2-2"><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>There are no conflict of interest.</p></sec></sec></body><back><ack><title>Acknowledgments</title><p>The authors would like to acknowledge Dr. Gunnar Carlsson, Dr. K. Chandrasekharan Nair, Dr. Gopichander, Dr. Raghavendra Adki, and Dr. Banashree Sankeshwari for inputs in preparing the questionnaire; Dr. Suresh Sajjan, Dr. N. S. Azhagarasan, Dr. Munirathnam Naidu, Dr. B. Sivapathasundharam and Dr. Sanath Shetty, Dr. Umesh Wadgave, and Dr. Meghashyam Bhat for inputs in the manuscript.</p></ack><app-group><app id="App1"><title>Appendix 1: Perception and Knowledge of dental interns toward interdepartmental coordination for successful prosthodontic treatment-a pilot study</title><p>Part A: Questions related to perception of dental students toward interdisciplinary approach in prosthodontics</p><p><list list-type="order"><list-item><p>Presently do you feel you lack training in an interdisciplinary approach to dentistry?</p><p>a. Yes b. No</p></list-item><list-item><p>Do you feel the curriculum should be designed such that you receive training for an interdisciplinary approach to dentistry?</p><p>a. Yes b. No</p></list-item><list-item><p>Do you feel that specialist from different specialty should be posted in one interdisciplinary department?</p><p>a. Yes b. No</p></list-item><list-item><p>Do you think you are confident in treating a patient as a whole/comprehensively?</p><p>a. Yes b. No</p></list-item></list></p><p>Part B: Questions related to knowledge of dental students toward interdisciplinary treatment modalities in prosthodontics</p><p><list list-type="simple"><list-item><label>5.</label><p>What is your outlook regarding oral prophylaxis being carried out before any prosthodontic treatment (except complete denture)?</p><p><list list-type="simple"><list-item><label>a.</label><p>Not important at all</p></list-item><list-item><label>b.</label><p>Important for some patients</p></list-item><list-item><label>c.</label><p>Important for all patients</p></list-item></list></p></list-item><list-item><label>6.</label><p>What is your outlook regarding laboratory communication being carried out before any prosthodontic treatment ?</p><p><list list-type="simple"><list-item><label>a.</label><p>Not important at all</p></list-item><list-item><label>b.</label><p>Important for some patients</p></list-item><list-item><label>c.</label><p>Important for all patients</p></list-item></list></p></list-item><list-item><label>7.</label><p>What would be your sequence of treatment for a patient who reports to you with carious teeth, root stumps, and missing teeth?</p><p><list list-type="simple"><list-item><label>1.</label><p>Extraction of the root stump</p></list-item><list-item><label>2.</label><p>Restoration of the carious teeth</p></list-item><list-item><label>3.</label><p>Replace the missing teeth</p><p><list list-type="simple"><list-item><label>a.</label><p>1, 2, and then 3</p></list-item><list-item><label>b.</label><p>1, 3, and then 2</p></list-item><list-item><label>c.</label><p>3, 2, and then 1</p></list-item><list-item><label>d.</label><p>3, 1, and then 2</p></list-item></list></p></list-item></list></p></list-item><list-item><label>8.</label><p>What would be your line of treatment for a patient aged 20 years who reports to you with missing 36 and crowding of teeth in the mandibular anterior region?</p><p><list list-type="simple"><list-item><label>a.</label><p>Directly proceed for replacement of missing 36</p></list-item><list-item><label>b.</label><p>Consult an orthodontist to correct crowding and then discuss regarding replacement of missing 36</p></list-item></list></p></list-item><list-item><label>9.</label><p>The design of a removable partial denture plays an important role for the (future) periodontal health. True/False</p></list-item><list-item><label>10.</label><p>Periodontal health is of paramount importance for all teeth, both sound and restored. True/False</p></list-item><list-item><label>11.</label><p>Oral hygiene instructions can be neglected in fixed prosthodontic treatment. True/False</p></list-item><list-item><label>12.</label><p>All TMJ problems are due to occlusal discrepancies. True/False</p></list-item><list-item><label>13.</label><p>How important do you think are radiographs of abutment teeth for replacement of missing teeth?</p><p><list list-type="simple"><list-item><label>a.</label><p>Not important at all</p></list-item><list-item><label>b.</label><p>Important for most patients</p></list-item><list-item><label>c.</label><p>Important for all patients</p></list-item></list></p></list-item><list-item><label>14.</label><p>A patient aged 25 years reports with endodontically treated 47. Radiographic examination reveals impacted 48. How do you proceed?</p><p><list list-type="simple"><list-item><label>a.</label><p>Advise disimpaction of 48 and then proceed for crown with 47</p></list-item><list-item><label>b.</label><p>Directly proceed for crown with endodontically treated 47</p></list-item></list></p></list-item><list-item><label>15.</label><p>A patient aged 30 years comes with missing 11. Examination reveals that the patient has a severe deep bite. What would be your line of treatment?</p><p><list list-type="simple"><list-item><label>a.</label><p>Proceed for replacement of missing 11</p></list-item><list-item><label>b.</label><p>Consult an orthodontist to correct the severe deep bite and then proceed for replacement of missing 11</p></list-item></list></p></list-item><list-item><label>16.</label><p>A patient with all missing teeth comes for a complete denture. Intraoral examination reveals that patient has a white patch on the buccal mucosa regarding which he is not aware. How would you proceed?</p><p><list list-type="simple"><list-item><label>a.</label><p>Diagnose and treat the white lesion before proceeding for complete denture</p></list-item><list-item><label>b.</label><p>Ignore the white patch and proceed for complete denture</p></list-item></list></p></list-item><list-item><label>17.</label><p>Is it necessary to make routine blood investigations like blood sugar and complete hemogram compulsory for patients above 40 years of age?</p><p><list list-type="simple"><list-item><label>a.</label><p>Yes</p></list-item><list-item><label>b.</label><p>No</p></list-item></list></p></list-item><list-item><label>18.</label><p>A partially edentulous patient comes for replacement of missing teeth. Examination reveals a mandibular Kennedy's Class I situation with supra erupted maxillary posteriors with deep caries. How do you proceed?</p><p><list list-type="simple"><list-item><label>a.</label><p>Endodontic consultation and management of supra erupted maxillary posteriors</p></list-item><list-item><label>b.</label><p>Proceed for replacement of missing teeth</p></list-item></list></p></list-item><list-item><label>19.</label><p>Whether all endodontically treated teeth should be prepared to receive crown irrespective of the tooth structure?</p><p><list list-type="simple"><list-item><label>a.</label><p>All the endodontically treated teeth should be prepared to receive crown</p></list-item><list-item><label>b.</label><p>Anterior teeth with access opening done through the lingual fossa not involving the proximal walls with sound dentin remaining should be prepared to receive crown</p></list-item><list-item><label>c.</label><p>Posterior teeth with access opening done through the occlusal surface involving the proximal surfaces should be prepared to receive crown</p></list-item></list></p></list-item><list-item><label>20.</label><p>Whether for all resorbed ridges we should go for ridge augmentation surgery?</p><p><list list-type="simple"><list-item><label>a.</label><p>Yes</p></list-item><list-item><label>b.</label><p>No</p></list-item></list></p></list-item><list-item><label>21.</label><p>If a completely edentulous patient reports with prominent genial tubercle what would be your first line of treatment?</p><p><list list-type="simple"><list-item><label>a.</label><p>Surgical</p></list-item><list-item><label>b.</label><p>Relieve</p></list-item></list></p></list-item><list-item><label>22.</label><p>A completely edentulous patient reports with bilateral tuberosity undercuts and an anterior undercut. What would be your line of treatment?</p><p><list list-type="simple"><list-item><label>a.</label><p>Surgically remove the anterior undercut</p></list-item><list-item><label>b.</label><p>Surgically remove both the posterior tuberosity undercuts</p></list-item><list-item><label>c.</label><p>Surgically remove all the undercuts</p></list-item><list-item><label>d.</label><p>Relieve one tuberosity undercut and change the path of insertion</p></list-item></list></p></list-item><list-item><label>23.</label><p>If a 40-year-old patient with spaced anteriors and good periodontal health reports for the closure of spacing how would you proceed?</p><p><list list-type="simple"><list-item><label>a.</label><p>Proceed for orthodontic space closure</p></list-item><list-item><label>b.</label><p>Proceed for diagnostic wax-up and space closure</p></list-item></list></p></list-item><list-item><label>24.</label><p>Comment on the use of post and core in endodontically treated teeth</p><p><list 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| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.32. |  |