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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">The Ultrasonographic Determination of the Position of the Mental Foramen and its Relation to the Mandibular Premolar Teeth</title><author><name sortKey="Laher, Abdullah Ebrahim" sort="Laher, Abdullah Ebrahim" uniqKey="Laher A" first="Abdullah Ebrahim" last="Laher">Abdullah Ebrahim Laher</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"> Lecturer and Senior Consultant,<institution>University of the Witwatersrand and Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital</institution>,<addr-line>Johannesburg, South Africa</addr-line>.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Motara, Feroza" sort="Motara, Feroza" uniqKey="Motara F" first="Feroza" last="Motara">Feroza Motara</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2"> Head of Academic and Clinical Department,<institution>University of the Witwatersrand and Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital</institution>,<addr-line>Johannesburg, South Africa</addr-line>.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Moolla, Muhammed" sort="Moolla, Muhammed" uniqKey="Moolla M" first="Muhammed" last="Moolla">Muhammed Moolla</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff3"> Lecturer and Senior Consultant,<institution>University of the Witwatersrand and Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital</institution>,<addr-line>Johannesburg, South Africa</addr-line>.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">27504329</idno><idno type="pmc">4963689</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4963689</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4963689</idno><idno type="doi">10.7860/JCDR/2016/18808.7992</idno><date when="2016">2016</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000590</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000590</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">The Ultrasonographic Determination of the Position of the Mental Foramen and its Relation to the Mandibular Premolar Teeth</title><author><name sortKey="Laher, Abdullah Ebrahim" sort="Laher, Abdullah Ebrahim" uniqKey="Laher A" first="Abdullah Ebrahim" last="Laher">Abdullah Ebrahim Laher</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"> Lecturer and Senior Consultant,<institution>University of the Witwatersrand and Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital</institution>,<addr-line>Johannesburg, South Africa</addr-line>.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Motara, Feroza" sort="Motara, Feroza" uniqKey="Motara F" first="Feroza" last="Motara">Feroza Motara</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2"> Head of Academic and Clinical Department,<institution>University of the Witwatersrand and Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital</institution>,<addr-line>Johannesburg, South Africa</addr-line>.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Moolla, Muhammed" sort="Moolla, Muhammed" uniqKey="Moolla M" first="Muhammed" last="Moolla">Muhammed Moolla</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff3"> Lecturer and Senior Consultant,<institution>University of the Witwatersrand and Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital</institution>,<addr-line>Johannesburg, South Africa</addr-line>.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research : JCDR</title><idno type="ISSN">2249-782X</idno><idno type="eISSN">0973-709X</idno><imprint><date when="2016">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>The position of the mental foramen has been well researched in cadaver specimens, radiographically as well as intraoperatively. To our knowledge, this landmark study is the first to make use of ultrasonography in a study population to determine the position of the mental foramen in relation to the mandibular premolar teeth. Ultrasonography has great potential to further revolutionize the practice of medicine and dento-maxillofacial surgery.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>To make use of ultrasound to determine the position of the mental foramen and its relation to the mandibular premolar teeth.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>One hundred Black and Caucasian subjects were enrolled. A high frequency (8MHz) transducer (PLF.805ST) of a diagnostic ultrasound system (model SSA-510A) was applied above the inferior border of the mandible, just lateral to the mentum. With the marker of the transducer pointing cranially, the position of the mental foramen in relation to the closest mandibular premolar tooth was determined. The position was compared across race, sex and age groups.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>All mental foramina (100%) were visualised. Overall the most frequent position of the mental foramen was in line with the long axis of the second premolar on the right (44%) and between the first and second premolars on the left (44%). There were no statistical differences (p >0.05) between race groups, sex and age groups with regard to the position of the mental foramen in relation to the mandibular premolars. However, in Blacks, the most frequent position of the mental foramen was in line with the long axis of the second premolar and in Caucasians the most common position was between the first and second premolars. The most frequent position of the mental foramen in females was in line with the long axis of the second premolar on the right and between the first and second premolars on the left. In males, the most frequent position of the mental foramen was in line with the long axis of the second premolar bilaterally. The most common position of the mental foramen in the age group category 18-30 years was between the first and second premolars. In patients aged 31-60 years the most frequent position was in line with the long axis of the second premolar.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Ultrasound is a sensitive modality to locate the mental foramen. There are differences in the most common position of the mental foramen with regard to the long axis of the premolar teeth. Ultrasonography has the potential to revolutionize the practice of dento-maxillofacial surgery.</p></sec></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">J Clin Diagn Res</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">J Clin Diagn Res</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">JCDR</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research : JCDR</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2249-782X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">0973-709X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>JCDR Research and Publications (P) Limited</publisher-name><publisher-loc>Delhi, India</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">27504329</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4963689</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.7860/JCDR/2016/18808.7992</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Internal Medicine Section</subject><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Original Article</subject></subj-group></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>The Ultrasonographic Determination of the Position of the Mental Foramen and its Relation to the Mandibular Premolar Teeth</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Laher</surname><given-names>Abdullah Ebrahim</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Motara</surname><given-names>Feroza</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Moolla</surname><given-names>Muhammed</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">3</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1"><label>1</label> Lecturer and Senior Consultant,<institution>University of the Witwatersrand and Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital</institution>,<addr-line>Johannesburg, South Africa</addr-line>.</aff><aff id="aff2"><label>2</label> Head of Academic and Clinical Department,<institution>University of the Witwatersrand and Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital</institution>,<addr-line>Johannesburg, South Africa</addr-line>.</aff><aff id="aff3"><label>3</label> Lecturer and Senior Consultant,<institution>University of the Witwatersrand and Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital</institution>,<addr-line>Johannesburg, South Africa</addr-line>.</aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor1">NAME, ADDRESS, E-MAIL ID OF THE CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: Dr. Abdullah Ebrahim Laher, P.O.Box 42529, Fordsburg, Johannesburg, South Africa, 2033. E-mail: <email>abdullahlaher@msn.com</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>6</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>6</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>OC23</fpage><lpage>OC27</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>11</day><month>1</month><year>2016</year></date><date date-type="rev-request"><day>05</day><month>2</month><year>2016</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>03</day><month>3</month><year>2016</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>© 2016 Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year></permissions><abstract><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>The position of the mental foramen has been well researched in cadaver specimens, radiographically as well as intraoperatively. To our knowledge, this landmark study is the first to make use of ultrasonography in a study population to determine the position of the mental foramen in relation to the mandibular premolar teeth. Ultrasonography has great potential to further revolutionize the practice of medicine and dento-maxillofacial surgery.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>To make use of ultrasound to determine the position of the mental foramen and its relation to the mandibular premolar teeth.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>One hundred Black and Caucasian subjects were enrolled. A high frequency (8MHz) transducer (PLF.805ST) of a diagnostic ultrasound system (model SSA-510A) was applied above the inferior border of the mandible, just lateral to the mentum. With the marker of the transducer pointing cranially, the position of the mental foramen in relation to the closest mandibular premolar tooth was determined. The position was compared across race, sex and age groups.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>All mental foramina (100%) were visualised. Overall the most frequent position of the mental foramen was in line with the long axis of the second premolar on the right (44%) and between the first and second premolars on the left (44%). There were no statistical differences (p >0.05) between race groups, sex and age groups with regard to the position of the mental foramen in relation to the mandibular premolars. However, in Blacks, the most frequent position of the mental foramen was in line with the long axis of the second premolar and in Caucasians the most common position was between the first and second premolars. The most frequent position of the mental foramen in females was in line with the long axis of the second premolar on the right and between the first and second premolars on the left. In males, the most frequent position of the mental foramen was in line with the long axis of the second premolar bilaterally. The most common position of the mental foramen in the age group category 18-30 years was between the first and second premolars. In patients aged 31-60 years the most frequent position was in line with the long axis of the second premolar.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Ultrasound is a sensitive modality to locate the mental foramen. There are differences in the most common position of the mental foramen with regard to the long axis of the premolar teeth. Ultrasonography has the potential to revolutionize the practice of dento-maxillofacial surgery.</p></sec></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>Mental nerve</kwd><kwd>Ultrasound</kwd><kwd>Emergency medicine</kwd><kwd>Dentistry</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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