Analysis of Occlusal Vertical Dimension and Mandibular Basal Bone Height in a Nigerian Population
Identifieur interne : 001622 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 001621; suivant : 001623Analysis of Occlusal Vertical Dimension and Mandibular Basal Bone Height in a Nigerian Population
Auteurs : Babatunde O. Akinbami [Nigeria] ; Prince E. Nsirim [Nigeria]Source :
- Anatomy Research International [ 2090-2743 ] ; 2014.
Abstract
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DOI: 10.1155/2014/584508
PubMed: 25371824
PubMed Central: 4202278
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Analysis of Occlusal Vertical Dimension and Mandibular Basal Bone Height in a Nigerian Population</title><author><name sortKey="Akinbami, Babatunde O" sort="Akinbami, Babatunde O" uniqKey="Akinbami B" first="Babatunde O." last="Akinbami">Babatunde O. Akinbami</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I1">Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Port Harcourt 500004, Nigeria</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Port Harcourt 500004</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Port Harcourt 500004</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nsirim, Prince E" sort="Nsirim, Prince E" uniqKey="Nsirim P" first="Prince E." last="Nsirim">Prince E. Nsirim</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I2">Department of Human Anatomy, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Port Harcourt 500004, Nigeria</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Human Anatomy, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Port Harcourt 500004</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Port Harcourt 500004</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">25371824</idno><idno type="pmc">4202278</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4202278</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4202278</idno><idno type="doi">10.1155/2014/584508</idno><date when="2014">2014</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">002814</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">002814</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">002814</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">002814</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">001622</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">001622</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Analysis of Occlusal Vertical Dimension and Mandibular Basal Bone Height in a Nigerian Population</title><author><name sortKey="Akinbami, Babatunde O" sort="Akinbami, Babatunde O" uniqKey="Akinbami B" first="Babatunde O." last="Akinbami">Babatunde O. Akinbami</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I1">Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Port Harcourt 500004, Nigeria</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Port Harcourt 500004</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Port Harcourt 500004</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nsirim, Prince E" sort="Nsirim, Prince E" uniqKey="Nsirim P" first="Prince E." last="Nsirim">Prince E. Nsirim</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I2">Department of Human Anatomy, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Port Harcourt 500004, Nigeria</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Human Anatomy, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Port Harcourt 500004</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Port Harcourt 500004</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Anatomy Research International</title><idno type="ISSN">2090-2743</idno><idno type="eISSN">2090-2751</idno><imprint><date when="2014">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><italic>Background</italic>. The actual basal bone height of the reconstructed mandible is relevant to achieve normal occlusal vertical dimension for the prosthesis fabricated. The purpose of the study was to determine the mean and baseline values of the occlusal vertical dimension and height of the mandibular basal bone in a Nigerian population.<italic> Method</italic>. Each participant was asked to bring the upper and lower teeth into contact, while the distance between the nasal sill and dimple on the lower lip was measured (OVD). The skin at lower border of the mandible was marked and the distance between this point and the landmark on the lower lip was measured, MBH.<italic> Result</italic>. 200 subjects were evaluated. Age range was 16–30 years, mean ± (SD), 21.6 ± (3.1) years. Males had mean ± (SD) of 42.10 ± (5.34) mm for OVD and females 39.72 ± (5.25) mm; acceptable baseline range of OVD for any population will be 34–48 mm (3.4–4.8) cm. All the males had a mean ± (SD), 30.54 ± (6.13) mm for MBH, and all the females 29.63 ± (5.23) mm. Acceptable baseline range of MBH for any population will be 24–37 mm (2.4–3.7) cm.<italic> Conclusion</italic>. To reconstruct the mandible and still maintain the OVD, heights of bone grafts must not be less than 2 cm or greater than 4 cm.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Huang, B" uniqKey="Huang B">B Huang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Takahashi, K" uniqKey="Takahashi K">K Takahashi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yamazaki, T" uniqKey="Yamazaki T">T Yamazaki</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Manal, Ra" uniqKey="Manal R">RA Manal</name></author><author><name sortKey="Eman, Ma" uniqKey="Eman M">MA Eman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yaser, Ma" uniqKey="Yaser M">MA Yaser</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kingsmill, Vj" uniqKey="Kingsmill V">VJ Kingsmill</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Abduo, J" uniqKey="Abduo J">J Abduo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lyons, K" uniqKey="Lyons K">K Lyons</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gupta, A" uniqKey="Gupta A">A Gupta</name></author><author><name sortKey="Parneet, K" uniqKey="Parneet K">K Parneet</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ural, C" uniqKey="Ural C">Ç Ural</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bereket, C" uniqKey="Bereket C">C Bereket</name></author><author><name sortKey=" Ener, I" uniqKey=" Ener I">I Şener</name></author><author><name sortKey="Aktan, Am" uniqKey="Aktan A">AM Aktan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Akpinar, Yz" uniqKey="Akpinar Y">YZ Akpinar</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ali, Mm" uniqKey="Ali M">MM Ali</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Robert, Mm" uniqKey="Robert M">MM Robert</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hansen, Ca" uniqKey="Hansen C">CA Hansen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Balshi, Tj" uniqKey="Balshi T">TJ Balshi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wolfinger, Gj" uniqKey="Wolfinger G">GJ Wolfinger</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Vinay, Cb" uniqKey="Vinay C">CB Vinay</name></author><author><name sortKey="Meena, Aa" uniqKey="Meena A">AA Meena</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Harper, Rp" uniqKey="Harper R">RP Harper</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Richard, Ph" uniqKey="Richard P">PH Richard</name></author><author><name sortKey="Carl, Em" uniqKey="Carl E">EM Carl</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Didia, Bc" uniqKey="Didia B">BC Didia</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dappa, Dv" uniqKey="Dappa D">DV Dappa</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Oladipupo, Gs" uniqKey="Oladipupo G">GS Oladipupo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dida, Bc" uniqKey="Dida B">BC Dida</name></author><author><name sortKey="Okoh, Pd" uniqKey="Okoh P">PD Okoh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hart, Js" uniqKey="Hart J">JS Hart</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ebeye, O" uniqKey="Ebeye O">O Ebeye</name></author><author><name sortKey="Emore E, A" uniqKey="Emore E A">A Emore E</name></author><author><name sortKey="Andijeh, Nj" uniqKey="Andijeh N">NJ Andijeh</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Oladipo, G" uniqKey="Oladipo G">G Oladipo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Eberechi, Ud" uniqKey="Eberechi U">UD eberechi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hart, Sj" uniqKey="Hart S">SJ Hart</name></author><author><name sortKey="Amadi, Am" uniqKey="Amadi A">AM Amadi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jumbo, Nf" uniqKey="Jumbo N">NF Jumbo</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Anat Res Int</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Anat Res Int</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ARI</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Anatomy Research International</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2090-2743</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2090-2751</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Hindawi Publishing Corporation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">25371824</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4202278</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1155/2014/584508</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Analysis of Occlusal Vertical Dimension and Mandibular Basal Bone Height in a Nigerian Population</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Akinbami</surname><given-names>Babatunde O.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Nsirim</surname><given-names>Prince E.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="I2"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="I1"><sup>1</sup>Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Port Harcourt 500004, Nigeria</aff><aff id="I2"><sup>2</sup>Department of Human Anatomy, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Port Harcourt 500004, Nigeria</aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor1">*Babatunde O. Akinbami: <email>akinbamzy3@yahoo.com</email></corresp><fn fn-type="other"><p>Academic Editor: Ayhan Comert</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>2</day><month>10</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>2014</volume><elocation-id>584508</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>20</day><month>5</month><year>2014</year></date><date date-type="rev-recd"><day>12</day><month>9</month><year>2014</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>22</day><month>9</month><year>2014</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2014 B. O. Akinbami and P. E. Nsirim.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><license xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/"><license-p>This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><p><italic>Background</italic>. The actual basal bone height of the reconstructed mandible is relevant to achieve normal occlusal vertical dimension for the prosthesis fabricated. The purpose of the study was to determine the mean and baseline values of the occlusal vertical dimension and height of the mandibular basal bone in a Nigerian population.<italic> Method</italic>. Each participant was asked to bring the upper and lower teeth into contact, while the distance between the nasal sill and dimple on the lower lip was measured (OVD). The skin at lower border of the mandible was marked and the distance between this point and the landmark on the lower lip was measured, MBH.<italic> Result</italic>. 200 subjects were evaluated. Age range was 16–30 years, mean ± (SD), 21.6 ± (3.1) years. Males had mean ± (SD) of 42.10 ± (5.34) mm for OVD and females 39.72 ± (5.25) mm; acceptable baseline range of OVD for any population will be 34–48 mm (3.4–4.8) cm. All the males had a mean ± (SD), 30.54 ± (6.13) mm for MBH, and all the females 29.63 ± (5.23) mm. Acceptable baseline range of MBH for any population will be 24–37 mm (2.4–3.7) cm.<italic> Conclusion</italic>. To reconstruct the mandible and still maintain the OVD, heights of bone grafts must not be less than 2 cm or greater than 4 cm.</p></abstract></article-meta></front><floats-group><fig id="fig1" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Figure 1</label><caption><p>Showing the landmarks for measurements of OVD and MBH.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="ARI2014-584508.001"></graphic></fig><table-wrap id="tab1" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Table 1</label><caption><p>Distribution of 200 subjects based on values of occlusal vertical dimension and mandibular basal height.</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th align="left" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Values</th><th align="center" colspan="2" rowspan="1">Male (100)</th><th align="center" colspan="2" rowspan="1">Female (100)</th><th align="center" colspan="2" rowspan="1">Total (200)</th></tr><tr><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">OVD <break></break><italic>N</italic> (%)</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">MBH <break></break><italic>N</italic> (%)</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">OVD <break></break><italic>N</italic> (%)</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">MBH <break></break><italic>N</italic> (%)</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">OVD <break></break><italic>N</italic> (%)</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">MBH <break></break><italic>N</italic> (%)</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">20–29 mm</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1 (0.5)</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">38 (19)</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2 (1)</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">41 (20.5)</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3 (1.5)</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">79 (39.5)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">30–39 mm</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">23 (11.5)</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">55 (27.5)</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">35 (17.5)</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">58 (29)</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">58 (29)</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">113 (56.5)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">40–49 mm</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">72 (36)</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7 (3.5)</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">62 (31)</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1 (0.5)</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">134 (67)</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8 (4)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">50–59 mm</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4 (2)</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0 (0)</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1 (0.5)</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0 (0)</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5 (2.5)</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0 (0)</td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="7" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Total</td><td align="center" colspan="2" rowspan="1">100 (50)</td><td align="center" colspan="2" rowspan="1">100 (50)</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">200 (100)</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">200 (100)</td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap><table-wrap id="tab2" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Table 2</label><caption><p>Mean and standard deviation values of OVD and MBH in relation to age and gender in 200 subjects.</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th align="left" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Age range</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>N</italic> (%)</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Male (mm)</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Female (mm)</th><th align="center" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Sig.</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Male</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Female</th><th align="center" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Sig.</th></tr><tr><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">200 (100)</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">OVD</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">OVD</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">MBH</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">MBH</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">16–20 years</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">82 (41.0)</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">41.30 ± 5.76</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">39.29 ± 5.45</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.000</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">30.23 ± 6.03</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">29.71 ± 5.78</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.847</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">21–25 years</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">93 (46.5)</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">42.59 ± 5.03</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">40.14 ± 4.99</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.602</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">31.00 ± 5.87</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">30.16 ± 4.55</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.656</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">26–30 years</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">25 (12.5)</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">42.75 ± 5.14</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">39.40 ± 5.99</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.788</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">30.06 ± 7.31</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">26.70 ± 5.52</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.139</td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap><table-wrap id="tab3" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Table 3</label><caption><p>Mean and standard deviation values of OVD AND MBH for both genders in the sample population.</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Mean ± Std. deviation</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Std. error</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Minimum value</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Maximum value</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Interquartile range</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Male</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> OVD (male)</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">42.10 ± 5.34</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">.53362</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">29.00</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">53.00</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">24.00</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> MBH (male)</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">30.54 ± 6.13</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">.61290</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">20.00</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">43.00</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">23.00</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Female</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> OVD (female)</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">39.72 ± 5.25</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">.52456</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">29.00</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">50.00</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">21.00</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> MBH (female)</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">29.63 ± 5.23</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">.52294</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">20.00</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">47.00</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">27.00</td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap><table-wrap id="tab4" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Table 4</label><caption><p>Comparative values of occlusal vertical dimension in various studies.</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th align="left" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Authors</th><th align="center" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Year</th><th align="center" colspan="2" rowspan="1">Occlusal vertical dimension</th></tr><tr><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Male (mm)</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Female (mm)</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Didia and Dappa [<xref rid="B7" ref-type="bibr">14</xref>]</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2005</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">69.0</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">63.0</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Oladipupo et al. [<xref rid="B16" ref-type="bibr">15</xref>]</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2008</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">71.2</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">65.0</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ebeye et al. [<xref rid="B8" ref-type="bibr">16</xref>]</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2009</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">67.5</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">63.6</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Oladipo et al. [<xref rid="B17" ref-type="bibr">17</xref>]</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2014</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">70.2</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">67.4</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Present study</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2015</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">42.1</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">39.7</td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap></floats-group></pmc><affiliations><list><country><li>Nigeria</li></country></list><tree><country name="Nigeria"><noRegion><name sortKey="Akinbami, Babatunde O" sort="Akinbami, Babatunde O" uniqKey="Akinbami B" first="Babatunde O." last="Akinbami">Babatunde O. Akinbami</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Nsirim, Prince E" sort="Nsirim, Prince E" uniqKey="Nsirim P" first="Prince E." last="Nsirim">Prince E. Nsirim</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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