Survival Rate of Short, Locking Taper Implants with a Plateau Design: A 5-Year Retrospective Study
Identifieur interne : 000A58 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000A57; suivant : 000A59Survival Rate of Short, Locking Taper Implants with a Plateau Design: A 5-Year Retrospective Study
Auteurs : Kemal Zgür Demiralp [Turquie] ; Nihat Akbulut [Turquie] ; Sebnem Kursun [Turquie] ; Didem Argun [Turquie] ; Nilsun Bagis [Turquie] ; Kaan Orhan [Turquie]Source :
- BioMed Research International [ 2314-6133 ] ; 2015.
Abstract
Url:
DOI: 10.1155/2015/197451
PubMed: 25961004
PubMed Central: 4415611
Affiliations:
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Survival Rate of Short, Locking Taper Implants with a Plateau Design: A 5-Year Retrospective Study</title><author><name sortKey="Demiralp, Kemal Zgur" sort="Demiralp, Kemal Zgur" uniqKey="Demiralp K" first="Kemal Zgür" last="Demiralp">Kemal Zgür Demiralp</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I1">Ministry of Health, Public Hospitals Agency of Turkey, 06520 Ankara, Turkey</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Turquie</country><wicri:regionArea>Ministry of Health, Public Hospitals Agency of Turkey, 06520 Ankara</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>06520 Ankara</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Akbulut, Nihat" sort="Akbulut, Nihat" uniqKey="Akbulut N" first="Nihat" last="Akbulut">Nihat Akbulut</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I2">Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Gaziosmanpaşa University, 60150 Tokat, Turkey</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Turquie</country><wicri:regionArea>Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Gaziosmanpaşa University, 60150 Tokat</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>60150 Tokat</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kursun, Sebnem" sort="Kursun, Sebnem" uniqKey="Kursun S" first="Sebnem" last="Kursun">Sebnem Kursun</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I3">Division of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Ministry of Health, Bolu Oral and Dental Health Center, 14300 Bolu, Turkey</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Turquie</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Ministry of Health, Bolu Oral and Dental Health Center, 14300 Bolu</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>14300 Bolu</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Argun, Didem" sort="Argun, Didem" uniqKey="Argun D" first="Didem" last="Argun">Didem Argun</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I4">Special Clinic Practice, 06490 Ankara, Turkey</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Turquie</country><wicri:regionArea>Special Clinic Practice, 06490 Ankara</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>06490 Ankara</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bagis, Nilsun" sort="Bagis, Nilsun" uniqKey="Bagis N" first="Nilsun" last="Bagis">Nilsun Bagis</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I5">Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, 06500 Ankara, Turkey</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Turquie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, 06500 Ankara</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>06500 Ankara</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Orhan, Kaan" sort="Orhan, Kaan" uniqKey="Orhan K" first="Kaan" last="Orhan">Kaan Orhan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I6">Dentomaxillofacial Radiology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, 06500 Ankara, Turkey</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Turquie</country><wicri:regionArea>Dentomaxillofacial Radiology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, 06500 Ankara</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>06500 Ankara</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">25961004</idno><idno type="pmc">4415611</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4415611</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4415611</idno><idno type="doi">10.1155/2015/197451</idno><date when="2015">2015</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">002901</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">002901</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">002901</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">002901</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000A58</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000A58</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Survival Rate of Short, Locking Taper Implants with a Plateau Design: A 5-Year Retrospective Study</title><author><name sortKey="Demiralp, Kemal Zgur" sort="Demiralp, Kemal Zgur" uniqKey="Demiralp K" first="Kemal Zgür" last="Demiralp">Kemal Zgür Demiralp</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I1">Ministry of Health, Public Hospitals Agency of Turkey, 06520 Ankara, Turkey</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Turquie</country><wicri:regionArea>Ministry of Health, Public Hospitals Agency of Turkey, 06520 Ankara</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>06520 Ankara</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Akbulut, Nihat" sort="Akbulut, Nihat" uniqKey="Akbulut N" first="Nihat" last="Akbulut">Nihat Akbulut</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I2">Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Gaziosmanpaşa University, 60150 Tokat, Turkey</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Turquie</country><wicri:regionArea>Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Gaziosmanpaşa University, 60150 Tokat</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>60150 Tokat</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kursun, Sebnem" sort="Kursun, Sebnem" uniqKey="Kursun S" first="Sebnem" last="Kursun">Sebnem Kursun</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I3">Division of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Ministry of Health, Bolu Oral and Dental Health Center, 14300 Bolu, Turkey</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Turquie</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Ministry of Health, Bolu Oral and Dental Health Center, 14300 Bolu</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>14300 Bolu</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Argun, Didem" sort="Argun, Didem" uniqKey="Argun D" first="Didem" last="Argun">Didem Argun</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I4">Special Clinic Practice, 06490 Ankara, Turkey</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Turquie</country><wicri:regionArea>Special Clinic Practice, 06490 Ankara</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>06490 Ankara</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bagis, Nilsun" sort="Bagis, Nilsun" uniqKey="Bagis N" first="Nilsun" last="Bagis">Nilsun Bagis</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I5">Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, 06500 Ankara, Turkey</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Turquie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, 06500 Ankara</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>06500 Ankara</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Orhan, Kaan" sort="Orhan, Kaan" uniqKey="Orhan K" first="Kaan" last="Orhan">Kaan Orhan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I6">Dentomaxillofacial Radiology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, 06500 Ankara, Turkey</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Turquie</country><wicri:regionArea>Dentomaxillofacial Radiology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, 06500 Ankara</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>06500 Ankara</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">BioMed Research International</title><idno type="ISSN">2314-6133</idno><idno type="eISSN">2314-6141</idno><imprint><date when="2015">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><italic>Background</italic>. Short implants have become popular in the reconstruction of jaws, especially in cases with limited bone height. Shorter implants, those with locking tapers and plateau root shapes, tend to have longer survival times. We retrospectively investigated the cumulative survival rates of Bicon short implants
(<8 mm) according to patient variables over a 5-year period. <italic>Materials and Methods</italic>. This study included 111 consecutively treated patients with 371 implants supporting fixed or removable prosthetics. Data were evaluated to acquire cumulative survival rates according to gender, age, tobacco use, surgical procedure, bone quality, and restoration type. Statistics were performed using chi-square, Mann-Whitney, and Kruskal Wallis H tests. <italic>Results</italic>. The survival rate was 97.3% with, on average, 22.8 months of follow-up. Patients older than 60 years had higher failure rate than the other age groups (<italic>P</italic> < 0.05). Placed region, age, and bone quality had adverse effects on survival rate in the <8 mm implant group with statistically significant difference (<italic>P</italic> < 0.05). <italic>Conclusions</italic>. Approximately 23-month follow-up data indicate that short implants with locking tapers and plateau-type roots have comparable survival rates as other types of dental implants. However, due to limitations of study, these issues remain to be further investigated in future randomized controlled clinical trials.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mal, P" uniqKey="Mal P">P. Maló</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nobre, M D A" uniqKey="Nobre M">M. D. A. Nobre</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rangert, B" uniqKey="Rangert B">B. Rangert</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gentile, M A" uniqKey="Gentile M">M. A. Gentile</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chuang, S K" uniqKey="Chuang S">S.-K. Chuang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dodson, T B" uniqKey="Dodson T">T. B. 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Biomed Res Int</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Biomed Res Int</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">BMRI</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>BioMed Research International</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2314-6133</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2314-6141</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Hindawi Publishing Corporation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">25961004</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4415611</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1155/2015/197451</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Survival Rate of Short, Locking Taper Implants with a Plateau Design: A 5-Year Retrospective Study</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Demiralp</surname><given-names>Kemal Özgür</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Akbulut</surname><given-names>Nihat</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="I2"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kursun</surname><given-names>Sebnem</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="I3"><sup>3</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"><sup>*</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Argun</surname><given-names>Didem</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="I4"><sup>4</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Bagis</surname><given-names>Nilsun</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="I5"><sup>5</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Orhan</surname><given-names>Kaan</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="I6"><sup>6</sup></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="I1"><sup>1</sup>Ministry of Health, Public Hospitals Agency of Turkey, 06520 Ankara, Turkey</aff><aff id="I2"><sup>2</sup>Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Gaziosmanpaşa University, 60150 Tokat, Turkey</aff><aff id="I3"><sup>3</sup>Division of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Ministry of Health, Bolu Oral and Dental Health Center, 14300 Bolu, Turkey</aff><aff id="I4"><sup>4</sup>Special Clinic Practice, 06490 Ankara, Turkey</aff><aff id="I5"><sup>5</sup>Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, 06500 Ankara, Turkey</aff><aff id="I6"><sup>6</sup>Dentomaxillofacial Radiology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, 06500 Ankara, Turkey</aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor1">*Sebnem Kursun: <email>sebnemkursun@yahoo.com.tr</email></corresp><fn fn-type="other"><p>Academic Editor: Konstantinos Michalakis</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>4</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>2015</volume><elocation-id>197451</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>14</day><month>1</month><year>2015</year></date><date date-type="rev-recd"><day>27</day><month>3</month><year>2015</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>2</day><month>4</month><year>2015</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2015 Kemal Özgür Demiralp et al.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><license xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/"><license-p>This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><p><italic>Background</italic>. Short implants have become popular in the reconstruction of jaws, especially in cases with limited bone height. Shorter implants, those with locking tapers and plateau root shapes, tend to have longer survival times. We retrospectively investigated the cumulative survival rates of Bicon short implants
(<8 mm) according to patient variables over a 5-year period. <italic>Materials and Methods</italic>. This study included 111 consecutively treated patients with 371 implants supporting fixed or removable prosthetics. Data were evaluated to acquire cumulative survival rates according to gender, age, tobacco use, surgical procedure, bone quality, and restoration type. Statistics were performed using chi-square, Mann-Whitney, and Kruskal Wallis H tests. <italic>Results</italic>. The survival rate was 97.3% with, on average, 22.8 months of follow-up. Patients older than 60 years had higher failure rate than the other age groups (<italic>P</italic> < 0.05). Placed region, age, and bone quality had adverse effects on survival rate in the <8 mm implant group with statistically significant difference (<italic>P</italic> < 0.05). <italic>Conclusions</italic>. Approximately 23-month follow-up data indicate that short implants with locking tapers and plateau-type roots have comparable survival rates as other types of dental implants. However, due to limitations of study, these issues remain to be further investigated in future randomized controlled clinical trials.</p></abstract></article-meta></front><floats-group><fig id="fig1" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Figure 1</label><caption><p>Features of the Bicon short implant.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="BMRI2015-197451.001"></graphic></fig><fig id="fig2" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Figure 2</label><caption><p>(a) Presurgical radiograph, (b) 6-month follow-up radiograph with (<8 mm) on the right and (8 mm) on the left side of the same patient.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="BMRI2015-197451.002"></graphic></fig><table-wrap id="tab1" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Table 1</label><caption><p>Implants placed according to patient demographics.</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>n</italic> (patient)</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">%</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>n</italic> (implant)</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">%</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left" rowspan="3" colspan="1">Gender</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Male</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">64</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">57.66</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">223</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">60.11</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Female</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">47</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">42.34</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">148</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">39.89</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Total</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>111</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>100</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>371</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>100</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="6" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="3" colspan="1">Age</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Over 60</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">98</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">88.3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">322</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">86.79</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Under 60</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">13</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">11.7</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">49</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">13.21</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Total</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>111</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>100</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>371</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>100</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="6" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="3" colspan="1">Tobacco use</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">79</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">71.17</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">267</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">71.97</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">32</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">28.83</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">104</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">28.03</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Total</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>111</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>100</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>371</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>100</bold></td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap><table-wrap id="tab2" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Table 2</label><caption><p>Implant variables.</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>n </italic></th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">%</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left" rowspan="3" colspan="1">Length (mm)</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><8 mm </td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">118</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">31.81</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8 mm </td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">253</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">68.19</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Total</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>371</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>100</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="4" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="6" colspan="1">Width (mm)</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3 mm</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.08</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.5 mm</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">76</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">20.49</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4 mm</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">62</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">16.71</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.5 mm</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">132</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">35.58</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5 mm</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">97</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">26.15</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Total</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>371</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>100</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="4" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="4" colspan="1">Well diameter (mm)</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2 mm</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">148</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">39.89</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.5 mm</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.27</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3 mm</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">222</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">59.84</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Total</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>371</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>100</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="4" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="5" colspan="1">Implant region</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Mandibular incisor region</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">29</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7.82</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Maxillary incisor region</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">53</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">14.29</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Mandibular premolar-molar region</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">127</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">34.23</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Maxillary premolar-molar region</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">162</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">43.67</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Total</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>371</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>100</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="4" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="4" colspan="1">Bone quality</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Type I</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">10</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.70</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Type II</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">278</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">74.93</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Type III</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">83</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">22.37</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Total</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>371</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>100</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="4" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="3" colspan="1">Surgical technique</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Immediate placement</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">42</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">11.32</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Normal placement</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">329</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">88.68</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Total</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>371</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>100</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="4" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="4" colspan="1">Restoration type</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Crown</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">56</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">15.09</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Crown-bridge</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">299</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">80.59</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Overdenture</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">16</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.31</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Total</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>371</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>100</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="4" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="3" colspan="1">Implant survival</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Failed</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">10</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.70</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Functional</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">361</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">97.30</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Total</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>371</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>100</bold></td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap><table-wrap id="tab3" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Table 3</label><caption><p>Distribution of implant variables and follow-up time.</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>n</italic></th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Mean</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Median</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Min</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Max</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">SS</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Length (mm)</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">371</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7.35</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.95</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Width (mm)</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">371</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.33</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.5</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.55</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Well diameter (mm)</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">371</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.63</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.47</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Follow-up time after surgery (months)</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">371</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">22.83</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">23</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">51</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">10.90</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Follow-up time after prosthesis (months)</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">371</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">17.41</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">18</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">47</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">10.93</td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap><table-wrap id="tab4" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Table 4</label><caption><p>Implant failure distribution in terms of age group.</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th><th align="center" colspan="6" rowspan="1">Age</th><th align="center" colspan="2" rowspan="1">Statistical analysis</th></tr><tr><th align="center" colspan="2" rowspan="1">Implant failure</th><th align="center" colspan="2" rowspan="1">Under 60</th><th align="center" colspan="2" rowspan="1">Over 60</th><th align="center" colspan="2" rowspan="1">Total</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th></tr><tr><th align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>n</italic></th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">%</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>n</italic></th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">%</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>n</italic></th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">%</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Chi-square test</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>P</italic></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left" rowspan="3" colspan="1"><8 mm</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Failed</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1,9</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">27,3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4,2</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Functional</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">105</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">98,1</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">72,7</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">113</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">95,8</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Fisher's exact test</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>0.006</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Total</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>107</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>100</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>11</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>100</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>118</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>100</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="10" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="3" colspan="1">8 mm</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Failed</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1,9</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2,6</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Functional</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">211</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">98,1</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">37</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">97,4</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">248</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">98</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Fisher's exact test</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.56</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Total</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>215</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>100</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>38</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>100</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>253</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>100</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap><table-wrap id="tab5" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Table 5</label><caption><p>Survival of implants according to smoking and nonsmoking groups.</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th><th align="center" colspan="6" rowspan="1">Smoking or nonsmoking</th><th align="center" colspan="2" rowspan="1">Chi-square test</th></tr><tr><th align="center" colspan="2" rowspan="1">Implant failure</th><th align="center" colspan="2" rowspan="1">No</th><th align="center" colspan="2" rowspan="1">Yes</th><th align="center" colspan="2" rowspan="1">Total</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th></tr><tr><th align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>n</italic></th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">%</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>n</italic></th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">%</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>n</italic></th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">%</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left" rowspan="3" colspan="1"><8 mm</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Failed</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3,7</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5,6</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4,2</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Functional</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">79</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">96,3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">34</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">94,4</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">113</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">95,8</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Fisher's exact test</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.64</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Total</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>82</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>100</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>36</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>100</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>118</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>100</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="10" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="3" colspan="1">8 mm</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Failed</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1,6</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2,9</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Functional</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">182</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">98,4</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">66</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">97,1</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">248</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">98</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Fisher's exact test</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.613</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Total</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>185</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>100</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>68</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>100</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>253</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>100</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap><table-wrap id="tab6" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Table 6</label><caption><p>Survival of implants according to surgical placement technique.</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th><th align="center" colspan="6" rowspan="1">Surgical placement techniques</th><th align="center" colspan="2" rowspan="1">Statistical analysis</th></tr><tr><th align="center" colspan="2" rowspan="1">Implant failure</th><th align="center" colspan="2" rowspan="1">Immediate</th><th align="center" colspan="2" rowspan="1">Normal</th><th align="center" colspan="2" rowspan="1">Total</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th></tr><tr><th align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>n</italic></th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">%</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>n</italic></th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">%</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>n</italic></th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">%</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Chi-square test</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>P</italic></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left" rowspan="3" colspan="1"><8 mm</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Failed</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4,4</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4,2</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Functional</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">100</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">108</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">95,6</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">113</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">95,8</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Fisher's exact test</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>0.001</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Total</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>5</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>100</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>113</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>100</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>118</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>100</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="10" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="3" colspan="1">8 mm</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Failed</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">10,8</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0,5</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Functional</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">33</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">89,2</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">215</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">99,5</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">248</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">98</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Fisher's exact test</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>0.002</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Total</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>37</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>100</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>216</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>100</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>253</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>100</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap><table-wrap id="tab7" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Table 7</label><caption><p>Implant failure distribution according to placed region.</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th><th align="center" colspan="6" rowspan="1">Implant failure</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Chi-square test</th></tr><tr><th align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th><th align="center" colspan="2" rowspan="1">Failed</th><th align="center" colspan="2" rowspan="1">Functional</th><th align="center" colspan="2" rowspan="1">Total</th></tr><tr><th align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>n</italic></th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">%</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>n</italic></th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">%</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>n</italic></th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">%</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>P</italic></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left" rowspan="5" colspan="1"><8 mm</td><td align="center" rowspan="5" colspan="1">Placed region<break></break></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Mandibular incisor</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2,7</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2,5</td><td align="center" rowspan="5" colspan="1"><bold>0.024</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Maxillary incisor</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2,7</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2,5</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Mandibular premolar-molar</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">100</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">35</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">31</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">40</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">33,9</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Maxillary premolar-molar</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">72</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">63,7</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">72</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">61</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Total</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>5</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>100</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>113</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>100</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>118</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>100</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="10" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="5" colspan="1">8 mm</td><td align="center" rowspan="5" colspan="1">Placed region<break></break></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Mandibular incisor</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">26</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">10,5</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">26</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">10,3</td><td align="center" rowspan="5" colspan="1">0.255</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Maxillary incisor</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">40</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">48</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">19,4</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">50</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">19,8</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Mandibular premolar-molar</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">60</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">84</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">33,9</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">87</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">34,4</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Maxillary premolar-molar</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">90</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">36,3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">90</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">35,6</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Total</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>5</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>100</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>248</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>100</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>253</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>100</bold></td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap><table-wrap id="tab8" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Table 8</label><caption><p>Survival of implants according to bone quality.</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th><th align="center" colspan="6" rowspan="1">Implant failure</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Chi-square test</th></tr><tr><th align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th><th align="center" colspan="2" rowspan="1">Failed</th><th align="center" colspan="2" rowspan="1">Functional</th><th align="center" colspan="2" rowspan="1">Total</th></tr><tr><th align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>n</italic></th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">%</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>n</italic></th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">%</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>n</italic></th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">%</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>P</italic></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left" rowspan="4" colspan="1"><8 mm</td><td align="center" rowspan="4" colspan="1">Bone quality</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Type I</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0,9</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0,8</td><td align="center" rowspan="4" colspan="1"><bold>0.044</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Type II</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">20</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">94</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">83,2</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">95</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">80,5</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Type III</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">80</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">18</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">15,9</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">22</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">18,6</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Total</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>5</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>100</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>113</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>100</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>118</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>100</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="10" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="4" colspan="1">8 mm</td><td align="center" rowspan="4" colspan="1">Bone quality</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Type I</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">9</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3,6</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">9</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3,6</td><td align="center" rowspan="4" colspan="1">0.25</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Type II</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">40</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">181</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">73</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">183</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">72,3</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Type III</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">60</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">58</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">23,4</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">61</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">24,1</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Total</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>5</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>100</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>248</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>100</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>253</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>100</bold></td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap><table-wrap id="tab9" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Table 9</label><caption><p>Survival of implants according to prosthetic rehabilitation.</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th><th align="center" colspan="6" rowspan="1">Implant failure</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Chi-square test</th></tr><tr><th align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th><th align="center" colspan="2" rowspan="1">Failed</th><th align="center" colspan="2" rowspan="1">Functional</th><th align="center" colspan="2" rowspan="1">Total</th></tr><tr><th align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>n</italic></th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">%</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>n</italic></th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">%</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>n</italic></th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">%</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>P</italic></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left" rowspan="3" colspan="1"><8 mm</td><td align="center" rowspan="3" colspan="1">Prosthetic rehabilitation</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Crown</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">21</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">18,9</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">21</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">18,9</td><td align="center" rowspan="3" colspan="1">0.99</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Crown-bridge</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">90</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">81,1</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">90</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">81,1</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Total</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>0</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>0</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>111</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>100</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>111</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>100</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="10" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="4" colspan="1">8 mm</td><td align="center" rowspan="4" colspan="1">Prosthetic rehabilitation</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Crown</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">28</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">11,7</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">28</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">11,7</td><td align="center" rowspan="4" colspan="1">1</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Crown-bridge</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">100</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">195</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">81,6</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">196</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">81,7</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Overdenture</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">16</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6,7</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">16</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6,7</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Total</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>1</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>100</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>239</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>100</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>240</bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>100</bold></td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap></floats-group></pmc><affiliations><list><country><li>Turquie</li></country></list><tree><country name="Turquie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Demiralp, Kemal Zgur" sort="Demiralp, Kemal Zgur" uniqKey="Demiralp K" first="Kemal Zgür" last="Demiralp">Kemal Zgür Demiralp</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Akbulut, Nihat" sort="Akbulut, Nihat" uniqKey="Akbulut N" first="Nihat" last="Akbulut">Nihat Akbulut</name><name sortKey="Argun, Didem" sort="Argun, Didem" uniqKey="Argun D" first="Didem" last="Argun">Didem Argun</name><name sortKey="Bagis, Nilsun" sort="Bagis, Nilsun" uniqKey="Bagis N" first="Nilsun" last="Bagis">Nilsun Bagis</name><name sortKey="Kursun, Sebnem" sort="Kursun, Sebnem" uniqKey="Kursun S" first="Sebnem" last="Kursun">Sebnem Kursun</name><name sortKey="Orhan, Kaan" sort="Orhan, Kaan" uniqKey="Orhan K" first="Kaan" last="Orhan">Kaan Orhan</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous 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