An Analysis of Visibility and Anatomic Variations of Mandibular Canal in Digital Panoramic Radiographs of Dentulous and Edentulous Patients in Northern Iran Populations
Identifieur interne : 006789 ( Ncbi/Merge ); précédent : 006788; suivant : 006790An Analysis of Visibility and Anatomic Variations of Mandibular Canal in Digital Panoramic Radiographs of Dentulous and Edentulous Patients in Northern Iran Populations
Auteurs : Somayeh Nemati [Iran] ; Anahita Ashouri Moghadam [Iran] ; Zahra Dalili Kajan [Iran] ; Seyedeh Tahereh Mohtavipour [Iran] ; Hasan Amouzad [Iran]Source :
- Journal of Dentistry [ 2345-6485 ] ; 2016.
Abstract
Insufficient information about the anatomical positions and structure of mandibular canal provokes unwanted damage to this important structure of mandible.
The aim of this study was to determine the visibility and anatomical variations of mandibular canal in digital panoramic radiographs of dentulous and edentulous patients in a sample of Iranian population.
In this retrospective-analytical research, 249 digital panoramic radiographs in dentulous group and 126 in edentulous group were studied by an expert oral and maxillofacial radiologist. In both groups, the visibility of canal borders in anterior, middle, and posterior areas were examined. In dentulous group, the distance between the canal and apex of the first and second molars were measured. Canal-to-alveolar crest distance and lower mandibular border was measured in three different points for both groups. Finally, the upper-lower positions of canals were determined.
In both groups, most visibility occurred in 1/3 of posterior and the least visibility was detected in 1/3 of anterior, with the intermediate being the most visible part (Type 2). There was no significant difference between the left and right sides in all cases. In dentulous group, no correlation was found between the visibility, age, and gender (
The most visibility of mandibular canal was in its third posterior and the least was in its third anterior part. Although the middle position of canal was more frequently visible than the high position in this study, it does not refute the possibility of damaging the mandibular canal in critical surgeries.
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PubMed: 27284556
PubMed Central: 4885668
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">An Analysis of Visibility and Anatomic Variations of Mandibular Canal in Digital Panoramic Radiographs of Dentulous and Edentulous Patients in Northern Iran Populations</title><author><name sortKey="Nemati, Somayeh" sort="Nemati, Somayeh" uniqKey="Nemati S" first="Somayeh" last="Nemati">Somayeh Nemati</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Dept. of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Dental Faculty, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Dept. of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Dental Faculty, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Rasht</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ashouri Moghadam, Anahita" sort="Ashouri Moghadam, Anahita" uniqKey="Ashouri Moghadam A" first="Anahita" last="Ashouri Moghadam">Anahita Ashouri Moghadam</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Dept. of Periodontology, Dental Faculty, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Dept. of Periodontology, Dental Faculty, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Rasht</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dalili Kajan, Zahra" sort="Dalili Kajan, Zahra" uniqKey="Dalili Kajan Z" first="Zahra" last="Dalili Kajan">Zahra Dalili Kajan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Dept. of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Dental Faculty, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Dept. of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Dental Faculty, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Rasht</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mohtavipour, Seyedeh Tahereh" sort="Mohtavipour, Seyedeh Tahereh" uniqKey="Mohtavipour S" first="Seyedeh Tahereh" last="Mohtavipour">Seyedeh Tahereh Mohtavipour</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Dept. of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Dental Faculty, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Dept. of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Dental Faculty, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Rasht</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Amouzad, Hasan" sort="Amouzad, Hasan" uniqKey="Amouzad H" first="Hasan" last="Amouzad">Hasan Amouzad</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3">Dentist, Rasht, Iran.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Dentist, Rasht</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Rasht</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">27284556</idno><idno type="pmc">4885668</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4885668</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4885668</idno><date when="2016">2016</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000672</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000672</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000672</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000672</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000896</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000896</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">006789</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">An Analysis of Visibility and Anatomic Variations of Mandibular Canal in Digital Panoramic Radiographs of Dentulous and Edentulous Patients in Northern Iran Populations</title><author><name sortKey="Nemati, Somayeh" sort="Nemati, Somayeh" uniqKey="Nemati S" first="Somayeh" last="Nemati">Somayeh Nemati</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Dept. of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Dental Faculty, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Dept. of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Dental Faculty, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Rasht</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ashouri Moghadam, Anahita" sort="Ashouri Moghadam, Anahita" uniqKey="Ashouri Moghadam A" first="Anahita" last="Ashouri Moghadam">Anahita Ashouri Moghadam</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Dept. of Periodontology, Dental Faculty, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Dept. of Periodontology, Dental Faculty, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Rasht</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dalili Kajan, Zahra" sort="Dalili Kajan, Zahra" uniqKey="Dalili Kajan Z" first="Zahra" last="Dalili Kajan">Zahra Dalili Kajan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Dept. of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Dental Faculty, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Dept. of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Dental Faculty, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Rasht</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mohtavipour, Seyedeh Tahereh" sort="Mohtavipour, Seyedeh Tahereh" uniqKey="Mohtavipour S" first="Seyedeh Tahereh" last="Mohtavipour">Seyedeh Tahereh Mohtavipour</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Dept. of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Dental Faculty, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Dept. of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Dental Faculty, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Rasht</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Amouzad, Hasan" sort="Amouzad, Hasan" uniqKey="Amouzad H" first="Hasan" last="Amouzad">Hasan Amouzad</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3">Dentist, Rasht, Iran.</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Dentist, Rasht</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Rasht</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Journal of Dentistry</title><idno type="ISSN">2345-6485</idno><idno type="eISSN">2345-6418</idno><imprint><date when="2016">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Statement of the Problem</title><p> Insufficient information about the anatomical positions and structure of mandibular canal provokes unwanted damage to this important structure of mandible.
</p></sec><sec><title>Purpose</title><p> The aim of this study was to determine the visibility and anatomical variations of mandibular canal in digital panoramic radiographs of dentulous and edentulous patients in a sample of Iranian population.
</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Method</title><p> In this retrospective-analytical research, 249 digital panoramic radiographs in dentulous group and 126 in edentulous group were studied by an expert oral and maxillofacial radiologist. In both groups, the visibility of canal borders in anterior, middle, and posterior areas were examined. In dentulous group, the distance between the canal and apex of the first and second molars were measured. Canal-to-alveolar crest distance and lower mandibular border was measured in three different points for both groups. Finally, the upper-lower positions of canals were determined.
</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p> In both groups, most visibility occurred in 1/3 of posterior and the least visibility was detected in 1/3 of anterior, with the intermediate being the most visible part (Type 2). There was no significant difference between the left and right sides in all cases. In dentulous group, no correlation was found between the visibility, age, and gender (<italic>p</italic>> 0.05); however, canal position was related to gender (<italic>p</italic>= 0.03 and <italic>p</italic>= 0.04 in right and left sides, respectively). High position was more frequent in females and intermediate position was more common in males. In edentulous group, no correlation was found between age, gender, and canal position (<italic>p</italic>> 0.05).
</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p> The most visibility of mandibular canal was in its third posterior and the least was in its third anterior part. Although the middle position of canal was more frequently visible than the high position in this study, it does not refute the possibility of damaging the mandibular canal in critical surgeries.
</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bhaskar, Sn" uniqKey="Bhaskar S">SN Bhaskar</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="White, Sc" uniqKey="White S">SC White</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pharoah, Mj" uniqKey="Pharoah M">MJ Pharoah</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Amorim, Mm" uniqKey="Amorim M">MM Amorim</name></author><author><name sortKey="Borini, Cb" uniqKey="Borini C">CB Borini</name></author><author><name sortKey="De Castro Lopes, Slp" uniqKey="De Castro Lopes S">SLP de Castro Lopes</name></author><author><name sortKey="Haiter Neto, F" uniqKey="Haiter Neto F">F Haiter-Neto</name></author><author><name sortKey="Caria, Phf" uniqKey="Caria P">PHF Caria</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kipp, Dp" uniqKey="Kipp D">DP Kipp</name></author><author><name 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">J Dent (Shiraz)</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">J Dent (Shiraz)</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">JDS</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Journal of Dentistry</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2345-6485</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2345-6418</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Shiraz University of Medical Sciences</publisher-name><publisher-loc>Shiraz, Iran</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">27284556</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4885668</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">jds-17-112</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Original Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>An Analysis of Visibility and Anatomic Variations of Mandibular Canal in Digital Panoramic Radiographs of Dentulous and Edentulous Patients in Northern Iran Populations</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Nemati</surname><given-names>Somayeh</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ashouri Moghadam</surname><given-names>Anahita</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Dalili Kajan</surname><given-names>Zahra</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mohtavipour</surname><given-names>Seyedeh Tahereh</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Amouzad</surname><given-names>Hasan</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">3</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1"><label>1</label>Dept. of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Dental Faculty, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.</aff><aff id="aff2"><label>2</label>Dept. of Periodontology, Dental Faculty, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.</aff><aff id="aff3"><label>3</label>Dentist, Rasht, Iran.</aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor">Correspondence: Ashouri*Moghadam A. Dental Faculty, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Professor Samii Blvd, Rasht, Iran. Email: anahita.a.moghaddam@gmail.com Tel: +98-1333117128 Fax: +98-1333486423 </corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>6</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>112</fpage><lpage>120</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><month>4</month><year>2015</year></date><date date-type="rev-recd"><month>8</month><year>2015</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><month>11</month><year>2015</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>© 2016: Journal of dentistry (Shiraz)</copyright-statement><license><license-p>This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/</ext-link>) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><sec><title>Statement of the Problem</title><p> Insufficient information about the anatomical positions and structure of mandibular canal provokes unwanted damage to this important structure of mandible.
</p></sec><sec><title>Purpose</title><p> The aim of this study was to determine the visibility and anatomical variations of mandibular canal in digital panoramic radiographs of dentulous and edentulous patients in a sample of Iranian population.
</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Method</title><p> In this retrospective-analytical research, 249 digital panoramic radiographs in dentulous group and 126 in edentulous group were studied by an expert oral and maxillofacial radiologist. In both groups, the visibility of canal borders in anterior, middle, and posterior areas were examined. In dentulous group, the distance between the canal and apex of the first and second molars were measured. Canal-to-alveolar crest distance and lower mandibular border was measured in three different points for both groups. Finally, the upper-lower positions of canals were determined.
</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p> In both groups, most visibility occurred in 1/3 of posterior and the least visibility was detected in 1/3 of anterior, with the intermediate being the most visible part (Type 2). There was no significant difference between the left and right sides in all cases. In dentulous group, no correlation was found between the visibility, age, and gender (<italic>p</italic>> 0.05); however, canal position was related to gender (<italic>p</italic>= 0.03 and <italic>p</italic>= 0.04 in right and left sides, respectively). High position was more frequent in females and intermediate position was more common in males. In edentulous group, no correlation was found between age, gender, and canal position (<italic>p</italic>> 0.05).
</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p> The most visibility of mandibular canal was in its third posterior and the least was in its third anterior part. Although the middle position of canal was more frequently visible than the high position in this study, it does not refute the possibility of damaging the mandibular canal in critical surgeries.
</p></sec></abstract><kwd-group><title>Keywords</title><kwd>Panoramic Radiography</kwd><kwd>Digital Radiography</kwd><kwd>Edentulous</kwd><kwd>Jaw</kwd><kwd>Mandible</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front></pmc><affiliations><list><country><li>Iran</li></country></list><tree><country name="Iran"><noRegion><name sortKey="Nemati, Somayeh" sort="Nemati, Somayeh" uniqKey="Nemati S" first="Somayeh" last="Nemati">Somayeh Nemati</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Amouzad, Hasan" sort="Amouzad, Hasan" uniqKey="Amouzad H" first="Hasan" last="Amouzad">Hasan Amouzad</name><name sortKey="Ashouri Moghadam, Anahita" sort="Ashouri Moghadam, Anahita" uniqKey="Ashouri Moghadam A" first="Anahita" last="Ashouri Moghadam">Anahita Ashouri Moghadam</name><name sortKey="Dalili Kajan, Zahra" sort="Dalili Kajan, Zahra" uniqKey="Dalili Kajan Z" first="Zahra" last="Dalili Kajan">Zahra Dalili Kajan</name><name sortKey="Mohtavipour, Seyedeh Tahereh" sort="Mohtavipour, Seyedeh Tahereh" uniqKey="Mohtavipour S" first="Seyedeh Tahereh" last="Mohtavipour">Seyedeh Tahereh Mohtavipour</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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|texte= An Analysis of Visibility and Anatomic Variations of Mandibular Canal in Digital Panoramic Radiographs of Dentulous and Edentulous Patients in Northern Iran Populations
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