Critical anatomic region of nasopalatine canal based on tridimensional analysis: cone beam computed tomography
Identifieur interne : 005E19 ( Ncbi/Merge ); précédent : 005E18; suivant : 005E20Critical anatomic region of nasopalatine canal based on tridimensional analysis: cone beam computed tomography
Auteurs : Ana Fernández-Alonso [Espagne] ; Juan Antonio Suárez-Quintanilla [Espagne] ; Juan Muinelo-Lorenzo [Espagne] ; Jesús Varela-Mallou [Espagne] ; Ernesto Smyth Chamosa [Espagne] ; María Mercedes Suárez-Cunqueiro [Espagne]Source :
- Scientific Reports [ 2045-2322 ] ; 2015.
Abstract
The study aim of this was to define the critical anatomic region of the premaxilla by evaluating dimensions of nasopalatine canal, buccal bone plate (BBP) and palatal bone plate (PBP). 230 CBCTs were selected with both, one or no upper central incisors present (+/+, −/+, −/−) and periodontal condition was evaluated. T-student test, ANOVA, Pearson´s correlation and a multivariant-linear regression model (MLRM) were used. Regarding gender, significant differences at level 1 (lower NC) were found for: buccal-palatal, transversal and sagittal NC diameters, and NC length (NCL). Regarding dental status, significant differences were found for: total BBP length (tBL) and PBP width (PW2) at level 2 (NCL midpoint). NCL was correlated with PW2, tBL, and PBP length at level 3 (foramina of Stenson level). An MLRM had a high prediction value for NCL (69.3%). Gender is related to NC dimensions. Dental status has an influence on BBP dimensions, but does not influence on NC and PBP. Periodontal condition should be evaluated for precise premaxillae analysis NC diameters at the three anatomical planes are related to each other, while NCL is related to BBP and PBP lengths. A third of premaxilla is taken up by NC, thus, establishing the critical anatomic region.
Url:
DOI: 10.1038/srep12568
PubMed: 26245884
PubMed Central: 4526882
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Entrerrios, s/n</institution>, Santiago de Compostela, 15872,<country>Spain</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Antonio Suarez Quintanilla, Juan" sort="Antonio Suarez Quintanilla, Juan" uniqKey="Antonio Suarez Quintanilla J" first="Juan" last="Antonio Suárez-Quintanilla">Juan Antonio Suárez-Quintanilla</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>Department of Anatomy, Medicine and Dentistry School, University of Santiago de Compostela, c/ San Francisco, s/n</institution>, Santiago de Compostela, 15782,<country>Spain</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Muinelo Lorenzo, Juan" sort="Muinelo Lorenzo, Juan" uniqKey="Muinelo Lorenzo J" first="Juan" last="Muinelo-Lorenzo">Juan Muinelo-Lorenzo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Department of Stomatology, Medicine and Dentistry School, University of Santiago de Compostela, c/ Entrerrios, s/n</institution>, Santiago de Compostela, 15872,<country>Spain</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Varela Mallou, Jesus" sort="Varela Mallou, Jesus" uniqKey="Varela Mallou J" first="Jesús" last="Varela-Mallou">Jesús Varela-Mallou</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a3"><institution>Department of Social Psychology, Basic Psychology and Methodology, Psychology School, University of Santiago de Compostela, c/ Xosé María Suárez Núñez, s/n</institution>, 15782, Santiago de Compostela,<country>Spain</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Smyth Chamosa, Ernesto" sort="Smyth Chamosa, Ernesto" uniqKey="Smyth Chamosa E" first="Ernesto" last="Smyth Chamosa">Ernesto Smyth Chamosa</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a4"><institution>Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Medicine and Dentistry School, University of Santiago de Compostela, c/ San Francisco, s/n</institution>, Santiago de Compostela, 15782,<country>Spain</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mercedes Suarez Cunqueiro, Maria" sort="Mercedes Suarez Cunqueiro, Maria" uniqKey="Mercedes Suarez Cunqueiro M" first="María" last="Mercedes Suárez-Cunqueiro">María Mercedes Suárez-Cunqueiro</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Department of Stomatology, Medicine and Dentistry School, University of Santiago de Compostela, c/ Entrerrios, s/n</institution>, Santiago de Compostela, 15872,<country>Spain</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Scientific Reports</title><idno type="eISSN">2045-2322</idno><imprint><date when="2015">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>The study aim of this was to define the critical anatomic region of the premaxilla by evaluating dimensions of nasopalatine canal, buccal bone plate (BBP) and palatal bone plate (PBP). 230 CBCTs were selected with both, one or no upper central incisors present (+/+, −/+, −/−) and periodontal condition was evaluated. T-student test, ANOVA, Pearson´s correlation and a multivariant-linear regression model (MLRM) were used. Regarding gender, significant differences at level 1 (lower NC) were found for: buccal-palatal, transversal and sagittal NC diameters, and NC length (NCL). Regarding dental status, significant differences were found for: total BBP length (tBL) and PBP width (PW2) at level 2 (NCL midpoint). NCL was correlated with PW2, tBL, and PBP length at level 3 (foramina of Stenson level). An MLRM had a high prediction value for NCL (69.3%). Gender is related to NC dimensions. Dental status has an influence on BBP dimensions, but does not influence on NC and PBP. Periodontal condition should be evaluated for precise premaxillae analysis NC diameters at the three anatomical planes are related to each other, while NCL is related to BBP and PBP lengths. 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Sci Rep</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Sci Rep</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Scientific Reports</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2045-2322</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Nature Publishing Group</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">26245884</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4526882</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pii">srep12568</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1038/srep12568</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Critical anatomic region of nasopalatine canal based on tridimensional analysis: cone beam computed tomography</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Fernández-Alonso</surname><given-names>Ana</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="a1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Antonio Suárez-Quintanilla</surname><given-names>Juan</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="a2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Muinelo-Lorenzo</surname><given-names>Juan</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="a1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Varela-Mallou</surname><given-names>Jesús</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="a3">3</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Smyth Chamosa</surname><given-names>Ernesto</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="a4">4</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mercedes Suárez-Cunqueiro</surname><given-names>María</given-names></name><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1">a</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="a1">1</xref></contrib><aff id="a1"><label>1</label><institution>Department of Stomatology, Medicine and Dentistry School, University of Santiago de Compostela, c/ Entrerrios, s/n</institution>, Santiago de Compostela, 15872,<country>Spain</country></aff><aff id="a2"><label>2</label><institution>Department of Anatomy, Medicine and Dentistry School, University of Santiago de Compostela, c/ San Francisco, s/n</institution>, Santiago de Compostela, 15782,<country>Spain</country></aff><aff id="a3"><label>3</label><institution>Department of Social Psychology, Basic Psychology and Methodology, Psychology School, University of Santiago de Compostela, c/ Xosé María Suárez Núñez, s/n</institution>, 15782, Santiago de Compostela,<country>Spain</country></aff><aff id="a4"><label>4</label><institution>Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Medicine and Dentistry School, University of Santiago de Compostela, c/ San Francisco, s/n</institution>, Santiago de Compostela, 15782,<country>Spain</country></aff></contrib-group><author-notes><corresp id="c1"><label>a</label><email>mariamercedes.suarez@usc.es</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>08</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>5</volume><elocation-id>12568</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>11</day><month>01</month><year>2015</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>16</day><month>06</month><year>2015</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2015, Macmillan Publishers Limited</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder>Macmillan Publishers Limited</copyright-holder><license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><pmc-comment>author-paid</pmc-comment>
<license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p></license></permissions><abstract><p>The study aim of this was to define the critical anatomic region of the premaxilla by evaluating dimensions of nasopalatine canal, buccal bone plate (BBP) and palatal bone plate (PBP). 230 CBCTs were selected with both, one or no upper central incisors present (+/+, −/+, −/−) and periodontal condition was evaluated. T-student test, ANOVA, Pearson´s correlation and a multivariant-linear regression model (MLRM) were used. Regarding gender, significant differences at level 1 (lower NC) were found for: buccal-palatal, transversal and sagittal NC diameters, and NC length (NCL). Regarding dental status, significant differences were found for: total BBP length (tBL) and PBP width (PW2) at level 2 (NCL midpoint). NCL was correlated with PW2, tBL, and PBP length at level 3 (foramina of Stenson level). An MLRM had a high prediction value for NCL (69.3%). Gender is related to NC dimensions. Dental status has an influence on BBP dimensions, but does not influence on NC and PBP. Periodontal condition should be evaluated for precise premaxillae analysis NC diameters at the three anatomical planes are related to each other, while NCL is related to BBP and PBP lengths. A third of premaxilla is taken up by NC, thus, establishing the critical anatomic region.</p></abstract></article-meta></front><floats-group><fig id="f1"><label>Figure 1</label><caption><title>Radiographies and draw-scheme of level 1 show the follows:</title><p>(<bold>a</bold>) Axial slice: (1) bpD1, (2) tD1, (3) LW1, (4) CW1 and (5) RW1. (<bold>b</bold>). Sagittal slice: (1) PW1, (2) SD1, (3) BW1, (4) PL1 and (5) BL1. (<bold>c</bold>) Coronal slice: CD1.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="srep12568-f1"></graphic></fig><fig id="f2"><label>Figure 2</label><caption><title>Radiographies and draw- scheme of level 2 show the follows:</title><p>(<bold>a</bold>) Axial slice: (1) bpD2, (2) tD2, (3) LW2, (4) CW2 and (5) RW2. (<bold>b</bold>). Sagittal slice: (1) NC diameter in coronal region, (2) CD3, (3) NCL, (4) middle of NCL, (5) PW2, (6) SD2, (7) BW2, (8) PL2 and (9) BL2. (<bold>c</bold>) Coronal slice: CD2.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="srep12568-f2"></graphic></fig><fig id="f3"><label>Figure 3</label><caption><title>Radiographies and draw- scheme of level 3 show the follows:</title><p>(<bold>a</bold>) Sagittal slice: (1) the most posterior point of the transverse palatine suture, (2) PW3, (3) SD3, (4) BW3, (5) PL3, (6) BL3 and (7) tBL. (<bold>b</bold>) Coronal slice: CD3.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="srep12568-f3"></graphic></fig><table-wrap position="float" id="t1"><label>Table 1</label><caption><title>Descriptive NC, BBP, and PBP measurements.</title></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col></colgroup><thead valign="bottom"><tr><th align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Levels</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Parameters</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Minimum (mm)</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Maximum(mm)</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Mean (mm)</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">SD (mm)</th></tr></thead><tbody valign="top"><tr><td rowspan="11" align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Level 1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">bpD1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.00</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">8.00</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3.87</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.08</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">tD1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.00</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">9.75</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3.91</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.18</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">LW1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3.00</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">14.25</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">8.63</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.84</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CW1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.50</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">11.25</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7.32</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.61</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">RW1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.00</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">14.40</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">8.73</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.81</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CD1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.00</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">9.75</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3.60</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.24</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">PW1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.50</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">16.25</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.89</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.23</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">SD1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.00</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7.25</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3.38</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.06</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">BW1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2.00</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">12.50</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7.42</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.58</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">BL1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.56</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">16.66</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">9.04</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2.76</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">PL1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.25</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7.43</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.83</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.62</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="12" align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Level 2</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NCL</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">4.35</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">23.57</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">12.34</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2.79</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">bpD2</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.25</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7.50</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3.26</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.98</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">tD2</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.25</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">8.10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3.84</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.21</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">LW2</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2.40</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">14.75</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">8.29</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.83</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CW2</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.80</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">14.75</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">8.06</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.78</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">RW2</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.80</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">14.50</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">8.48</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.94</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CD2</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.00</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7.50</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3.49</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.26</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">PW2</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2.40</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">21.75</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">6.65</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2.53</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">SD2</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.90</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">33.10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2.60</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2.25</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">BW2</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2.25</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">14.75</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">8.53</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.76</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">BL2</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">4.14</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">21.55</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">13.47</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2.88</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">PL2</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2.26</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">16.40</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">5.55</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.87</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="7" align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Level 3</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CD3</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.80</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">14.10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">4.98</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.79</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">PW3</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">8.50</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">31.75</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">22.32</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3.61</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">SD3</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.75</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">9.90</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">4.03</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.83</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">BW3</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2.25</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">18.00</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">11.83</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2.94</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">BL3</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">5.30</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">28.80</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">19.42</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3.53</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">PL3</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">4.60</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">23.95</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">11.93</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2.84</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">tBL</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7.25</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">29.80</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">20.87</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3.68</td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn id="t1-fn1"><p>SD standard deviation.</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap><table-wrap position="float" id="t2"><label>Table 2</label><caption><title>Effect of gender on NC BBP, and PBP measurements.</title></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col></colgroup><thead valign="bottom"><tr><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Parameters</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Gender</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">N</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Mean (mm)</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">SD (mm)</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">F</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">p</th></tr></thead><tbody valign="top"><tr><td rowspan="2" align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">bpD1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Male</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">108</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">4.17</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.12</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2.24</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><0.001</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Female</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">116</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3.60</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.97</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td></tr><tr><td rowspan="2" align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">tD1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Male</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">108</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">4.06</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.32</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">4.56</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.05</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Female</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">116</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3.76</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.02</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td></tr><tr><td rowspan="2" align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">LW1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Male</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">108</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">9.30</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.74</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.73</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><0.001</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Female</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">116</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">8.01</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.71</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td></tr><tr><td rowspan="2" align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">CW1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Male</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">108</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7.80</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.61</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2.37</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><0.001</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Female</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">116</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">6.88</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.49</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td></tr><tr><td rowspan="2" align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">RW1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Male</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">108</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">9.42</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.74</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.54</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><0.001</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Female</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">116</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">8.09</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.64</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td></tr><tr><td rowspan="2" align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">CD1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Male</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">108</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3.79</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.38</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2.92</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.024</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Female</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">116</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3.42</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.06</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td></tr><tr><td rowspan="2" align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">SD1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Male</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">108</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3.62</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.08</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.18</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><0.001</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Female</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">116</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3.15</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.00</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td></tr><tr><td rowspan="2" align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">BW1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Male</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">108</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7.96</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.63</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">4.35</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><0.001</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Female</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">116</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">6.93</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.35</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td></tr><tr><td rowspan="2" align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">NCL</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Male</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">108</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">13.16</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2.72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.83</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><0.001</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Female</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">116</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">11.58</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2.64</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td></tr><tr><td rowspan="2" align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">LW2</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Male</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">108</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">8.77</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.82</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.19</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><0.001</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Female</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">116</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7.84</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.73</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td></tr><tr><td rowspan="2" align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">CW2</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Male</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">108</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">8.51</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.78</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.21</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><0.001</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Female</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">116</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7.63</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.69</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td></tr><tr><td rowspan="2" align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">RW2</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Male</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">108</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">8.99</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.97</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><0.001</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Female</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">116</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">8.00</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.78</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td></tr><tr><td rowspan="2" align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">PW2</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Male</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">108</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7.13</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2.32</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.48</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.005</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Female</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">116</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">6.19</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2.63</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td></tr><tr><td rowspan="2" align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">BW2</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Male</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">108</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">8.99</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.88</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.75</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><0.001</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Female</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">116</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">8.11</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.53</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td></tr><tr><td rowspan="2" align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">PL2</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Male</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">108</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">5.83</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.00</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.033</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Female</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">116</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">5.29</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.98</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td></tr><tr><td rowspan="2" align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">PW3</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Male</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">108</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">23.14</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3.59</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.90</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.001</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Female</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">116</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">21.56</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3.48</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td></tr><tr><td rowspan="2" align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">PL3</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Male</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">108</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">12.80</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3.02</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3.31</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><0.001</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Female</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">116</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">11.11</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2.39</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn id="t2-fn1"><p>SD standard deviation.</p></fn><fn id="t2-fn2"><p>Statistically significant differences for p-values < 0.05.</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap><table-wrap position="float" id="t3"><label>Table 3</label><caption><title>Effect of dental status on BBP, PBP and NC measurements.</title></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col></colgroup><thead valign="bottom"><tr><th align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Parameters</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Dental status</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">N</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Mean (mm)</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">SD (mm)</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Minimum (mm)</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Maximum (mm)</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">F</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">p-value of ANOVA</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">p-value of Bonferroni test</th></tr></thead><tbody valign="top"><tr><td rowspan="3" align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Age</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">+/+<xref ref-type="fn" rid="t3-fn1">a</xref></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">183</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">45.41</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">15.76</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">18.00</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">82.00</td><td rowspan="3" align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7.956</td><td rowspan="3" align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><0.001</td><td rowspan="3" align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.001<xref ref-type="fn" rid="t3-fn1">a</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">−/−<xref ref-type="fn" rid="t3-fn1">a</xref></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">26</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">56.62</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10.93</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">37.00</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">84.00</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">+/−</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">15</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">53.87</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">9.28</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">35.00</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">66.00</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="3" align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">LW1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">+/+<xref ref-type="fn" rid="t3-fn1">a</xref></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">183</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">8.85</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.75</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3.00</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">14.25</td><td rowspan="3" align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">9.438</td><td rowspan="3" align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><0.001</td><td rowspan="3" align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.001<xref ref-type="fn" rid="t3-fn1">a</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">−/−<xref ref-type="fn" rid="t3-fn1">a</xref></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">26</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7.26</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.93</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3.00</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">11.01</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">+/−</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">15</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">8.34</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.74</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">5.10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">12.50</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="3" align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">CW1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">+/+<xref ref-type="fn" rid="t3-fn1">a</xref></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">183</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7.49</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.51</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3.01</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">11.25</td><td rowspan="3" align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7.168</td><td rowspan="3" align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.001</td><td rowspan="3" align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.001<xref ref-type="fn" rid="t3-fn1">a</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">−/−<xref ref-type="fn" rid="t3-fn1">a</xref></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">26</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">6.27</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.88</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.50</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">9.90</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">+/−</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">15</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7.09</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.65</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3.61</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">9.76</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="3" align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">RW1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">+/+<xref ref-type="fn" rid="t3-fn1">a</xref></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">183</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">8.96</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.70</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">4.25</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">14.40</td><td rowspan="3" align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">12.291</td><td rowspan="3" align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><0.001</td><td rowspan="3" align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><0.001<xref ref-type="fn" rid="t3-fn1">a</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">−/−<xref ref-type="fn" rid="t3-fn1">a</xref></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">26</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7.17</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2.07</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.00</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">11.50</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">+/−</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">15</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">8.67</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.28</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">6.90</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">12.00</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="3" align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">BW1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">+/+<xref ref-type="fn" rid="t3-fn1">a</xref></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">183</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7.55</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.52</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2.00</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">12.50</td><td rowspan="3" align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">4.329</td><td rowspan="3" align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.014</td><td rowspan="3" align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.011<xref ref-type="fn" rid="t3-fn1">a</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">−/−<xref ref-type="fn" rid="t3-fn1">a</xref></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">26</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">6.60</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.78</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2.00</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10.50</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">+/−</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">15</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7.32</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.51</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3.60</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">9.30</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="3" align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">BL1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">+/+<xref ref-type="fn" rid="t3-fn1">a</xref></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">183</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">9.47</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2.55</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.56</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">16.66</td><td rowspan="3" align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">15.596</td><td rowspan="3" align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><0.001</td><td rowspan="3" align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><0.001<xref ref-type="fn" rid="t3-fn1">a</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">−/−<xref ref-type="fn" rid="t3-fn1">a</xref></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">26</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">6.56</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2.91</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.90</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">12.17</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">+/−</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">15</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">8.01</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2.59</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3.06</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">12.71</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="3" align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">PW2</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">+/+<xref ref-type="fn" rid="t3-fn1">a</xref></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">183</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">6.43</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2.24</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2.40</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">17.70</td><td rowspan="3" align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3.671</td><td rowspan="3" align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.027</td><td rowspan="3" align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.082<xref ref-type="fn" rid="t3-fn1">a</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">−/−<xref ref-type="fn" rid="t3-fn1">a</xref></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">26</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7.60</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3.58</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3.50</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">21.75</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">+/−</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">15</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7.61</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3.22</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">4.20</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">13.50</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="3" align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">BL2</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">−/−<xref ref-type="fn" rid="t3-fn1">b</xref></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">26</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10.64</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3.69</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">4.14</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">20.01</td><td rowspan="3" align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">16.722</td><td rowspan="3" align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><0.001</td><td rowspan="3" align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><0.001<xref ref-type="fn" rid="t3-fn1">a</xref> 0.010<xref ref-type="fn" rid="t3-fn1">b</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">+/+<xref ref-type="fn" rid="t3-fn1">a</xref></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">183</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">13.90</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2.51</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">5.44</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">21.55</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">+/−<xref ref-type="fn" rid="t3-fn1">b</xref></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">15</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">13.24</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2.86</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7.69</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">18.12</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="3" align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">BL3</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">+/+<xref ref-type="fn" rid="t3-fn1">a</xref></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">183</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">19.88</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3.09</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">11.95</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">28.80</td><td rowspan="3" align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">11.847</td><td rowspan="3" align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><0.001</td><td rowspan="3" align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><0.001<xref ref-type="fn" rid="t3-fn1">a</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">−/−<xref ref-type="fn" rid="t3-fn1">a</xref></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">26</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">16.46</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">4.915</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">5.30</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">25.94</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">+/−</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">15</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">18.94</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3.47</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">12.92</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">24.62</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="3" align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">tBL</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">+/+<xref ref-type="fn" rid="t3-fn1">a</xref></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">183</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">21.34</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3.35</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">12.69</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">29.80</td><td rowspan="3" align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">15.143</td><td rowspan="3" align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><0.001</td><td rowspan="3" align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><0.001<xref ref-type="fn" rid="t3-fn1">a</xref> 0.002<xref ref-type="fn" rid="t3-fn1">b</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">−/−<xref ref-type="fn" rid="t3-fn1">b</xref></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">26</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">17.36</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">4.32</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7.25</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">25.65</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">+/−<xref ref-type="fn" rid="t3-fn1">b</xref></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">15</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">21.26</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3.15</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">17.06</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">27.35</td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn id="t3-fn1"><p>+/+, Dentulous group; −/−, edentulous group; and +/−, partially edentulous group.</p></fn><fn id="t3-fn2"><p>SD standard deviation.</p></fn><fn id="t3-fn3"><p>Statistically significant differences for p-values < 0.05.</p></fn><fn id="t3-fn4"><p><sup>a,b</sup>For every variable, a letter indicates the group pair that was significantly difference.</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap><table-wrap position="float" id="t4"><label>Table 4</label><caption><title>Correlations among NC measurements.</title></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center" char="."></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col></colgroup><thead valign="bottom"><tr><th align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Parameters</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Direct</th><th align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">p</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Pearson’s Correlation (r<sup>2</sup>) Indirect</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">p</th></tr></thead><tbody valign="top"><tr><td rowspan="11" align="left" valign="middle" charoff="50">BpD1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">tD1 (0.603)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"><0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CW1 (−0.236);</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><0.001</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CD1 (0.619)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"><0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">BW1 (−0.138)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.039</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">PW1 (0.155)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">0.20</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">BL2 (−0.173)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.009</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">SD1 (0.831)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"><0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">BW3 (−0.136)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.042</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">bpD2(0.495)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"><0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">tD2 (0. 396)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"><0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CD2 (0.432)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"><0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">PW2 (0.273)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"><0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">SD2 (0.336)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"><0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CD3 (0.263)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"><0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">SD3 (0.197)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">0.003</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td></tr><tr><td rowspan="9" align="left" valign="middle" charoff="50">tD1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CD1 (0.848)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"><0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CW1 (−0.216)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.001</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">PW1 (0.136)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">0.042</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">BW1 (−0.202)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.002</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">SD1 (0.573)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"><0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">LW2 (−0.145)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.030</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">bpD2 (0.441)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"><0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CW2 (−0.226)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.001</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">tD2 (0.595)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"><0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">BW2 (−0.202)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.002</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CD2 (0.654)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"><0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">BL2 (−0.202)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.002</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">SD2 (0.226)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">BW3 (−0.144)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.031</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CD3 (0.396)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"><0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">BL3 (−0.161)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.016</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">SD3 (0.227)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">PL3 (−0.158)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.018</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="8" align="left" valign="middle" charoff="50">CD1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">age (0.182)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">0.006</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">BW1 (−0.219)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.001</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">SD1 (0.610)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"><0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">LW2 (−0.160)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.017</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">bpD2 (0.437)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"><0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CW2 (−0.219)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.001</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">tD2 (0.632)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"><0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">RW2 (−0.132)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.049</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CD2 (0.653)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"><0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">BW2 (−0.188)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.005</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">SD2 (0.221)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">BW3 (−0.142)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.034</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CD3 (0.408)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"><0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">SD3 (0.260)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"><0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td></tr><tr><td rowspan="7" align="left" valign="middle" charoff="50">SD1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">bpD2 (0.459)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"><0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">BW1 (−0.168)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.012</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">tD2 (0.371)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"><0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">PL1 (−0.168)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.012</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CD2 (0.465)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"><0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CW2 (-0.138)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.039</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">PW2 (0.256)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"><0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">BL2 (−0.166)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.013</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">SD2 (0.345)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"><0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">BW3 (−0.136)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.041</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CD3 (0.264)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"><0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">SD3 (0.240)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"><0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td></tr><tr><td rowspan="7" align="left" valign="middle" charoff="50">NCL</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">PW2 (0.193)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">0.004</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">tD2 (−0.194)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.004</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">BL2 (0.375)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"><0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CD2(−0.171)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.010</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">PL2 (0.545)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"><0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">BW3 (0.180)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">0.007</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">BL3 (0.660)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"><0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">PL3 (0.784)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"><0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">tBL (0.603)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"><0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td></tr><tr><td rowspan="5" align="left" valign="middle" charoff="50">bpD2</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">tD2 (0.641)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"><0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">LW2 (−0.134)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.046</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CD2 (0.467)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"><0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CW2 (−0.322)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><0.001</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">SD2 (0.299)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"><0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">BW2 (−0.177)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.008</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CD3 (0.275)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"><0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">BW3 (−0.194)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.003</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">SD3 (0.219)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td></tr><tr><td rowspan="6" align="left" valign="middle" charoff="50">tD2</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CD2 (0.737)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"><0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CW2 (−0.146)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.029</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">SD2 (0.219)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">RW2 (−0.153)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.022</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CD3 (0.480)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"><0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">PL2 (−0.154)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.021</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">SD3 (0.282)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"><0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">PW3 (−0.135)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.043</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">BW3 (−0.184)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.006</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">PL3 (−0.162)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.015</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="3" align="left" valign="middle" charoff="50">CD2</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">SD2 (0.219)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">PL2 (−0.211)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.001</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CD3 (0.595)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"><0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">BW3 (−0.180)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.007</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">SD3 (0.278)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"><0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">PL3 (−0.234)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><0.001</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="3" align="left" valign="middle" charoff="50">PW2</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">SD2 (0.271)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"><0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">PL2 (0.302)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"><0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">PL3 (0.332)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"><0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td></tr><tr><td rowspan="4" align="left" valign="middle" charoff="50">BW2</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">BL2 (0.162)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">0.015</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">PW3 (−0.136)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.041</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">BW3 (0.443)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"><0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">BL3 (0.162)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">0.015</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">tBL (0.156)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">0.019</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">CD3</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">SD3 (0.432)</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50"><0.001</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">PW3 (−0.172)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.010</td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn id="t4-fn1"><p>Statistically significant differences p < 0.05.</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap></floats-group></pmc><affiliations><list><country><li>Espagne</li></country></list><tree><country name="Espagne"><noRegion><name sortKey="Fernandez Alonso, Ana" sort="Fernandez Alonso, Ana" uniqKey="Fernandez Alonso A" first="Ana" last="Fernández-Alonso">Ana Fernández-Alonso</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Antonio Suarez Quintanilla, Juan" sort="Antonio Suarez Quintanilla, Juan" uniqKey="Antonio Suarez Quintanilla J" first="Juan" last="Antonio Suárez-Quintanilla">Juan Antonio Suárez-Quintanilla</name><name sortKey="Mercedes Suarez Cunqueiro, Maria" sort="Mercedes Suarez Cunqueiro, Maria" uniqKey="Mercedes Suarez Cunqueiro M" first="María" last="Mercedes Suárez-Cunqueiro">María Mercedes Suárez-Cunqueiro</name><name sortKey="Muinelo Lorenzo, Juan" sort="Muinelo Lorenzo, Juan" uniqKey="Muinelo Lorenzo J" first="Juan" last="Muinelo-Lorenzo">Juan Muinelo-Lorenzo</name><name sortKey="Smyth Chamosa, Ernesto" sort="Smyth Chamosa, Ernesto" uniqKey="Smyth Chamosa E" first="Ernesto" last="Smyth Chamosa">Ernesto Smyth Chamosa</name><name sortKey="Varela Mallou, Jesus" sort="Varela Mallou, Jesus" uniqKey="Varela Mallou J" first="Jesús" last="Varela-Mallou">Jesús Varela-Mallou</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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