The Comprehensive AOCMF Classification System: Mandible Fractures- Level 2 Tutorial
Identifieur interne : 005701 ( Ncbi/Merge ); précédent : 005700; suivant : 005702The Comprehensive AOCMF Classification System: Mandible Fractures- Level 2 Tutorial
Auteurs : Carl-Peter Cornelius ; Laurent Audigé ; Christoph Kunz ; Randal Rudderman ; Carlos H. Buitrago-Téllez ; John Frodel ; Joachim PreinSource :
- Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction [ 1943-3875 ] ; 2014.
Abstract
This tutorial outlines the details of the AOCMF image-based classification system for fractures of the mandible at the precision level 2 allowing description of their topographical distribution. A short introduction about the anatomy is made. Mandibular fractures are classified by the anatomic regions involved. For this purpose, the mandible is delineated into an array of nine regions identified by letters: the symphysis/parasymphysis region anteriorly, two body regions on each lateral side, combined angle and ascending ramus regions, and finally the condylar and coronoid processes. A precise definition of the demarcation lines between these regions is given for the unambiguous allocation of fractures. Four transition zones allow an accurate topographic assignment if fractures end up in or run across the borders of anatomic regions. These zones are defined between angle/ramus and body, and between body and symphysis/parasymphysis. A fracture is classified as “confined” as long as it is located within a region, in contrast to a fracture being “nonconfined” when it extents to an adjoining region. Illustrations and case examples of mandible fractures are presented to become familiar with the classification procedure in daily routine.
Url:
DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1389557
PubMed: 25489388
PubMed Central: 4251718
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>This tutorial outlines the details of the AOCMF image-based classification system for fractures of the mandible at the precision level 2 allowing description of their topographical distribution. A short introduction about the anatomy is made. Mandibular fractures are classified by the anatomic regions involved. For this purpose, the mandible is delineated into an array of nine regions identified by letters: the symphysis/parasymphysis region anteriorly, two body regions on each lateral side, combined angle and ascending ramus regions, and finally the condylar and coronoid processes. A precise definition of the demarcation lines between these regions is given for the unambiguous allocation of fractures. Four transition zones allow an accurate topographic assignment if fractures end up in or run across the borders of anatomic regions. These zones are defined between angle/ramus and body, and between body and symphysis/parasymphysis. A fracture is classified as “confined” as long as it is located within a region, in contrast to a fracture being “nonconfined” when it extents to an adjoining region. Illustrations and case examples of mandible fractures are presented to become familiar with the classification procedure in daily routine.</p>
</div>
</front>
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<pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="doi">10.1055/s-00000151</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction</journal-title>
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<issn pub-type="ppub">1943-3875</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">1943-3883</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>by AO Foundation AOCMF</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Clavadelerstrasse 8 7270 Davos Switzerland</publisher-loc>
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<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject>
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<title-group><article-title>The Comprehensive AOCMF Classification System: Mandible Fractures- Level 2 Tutorial</article-title>
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<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Cornelius</surname>
<given-names>Carl-Peter</given-names>
</name>
<degrees>MD, DDS</degrees>
<xref rid="AF130884-1" ref-type="aff">1</xref>
<xref rid="CO130884-1" ref-type="author-notes"></xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Audigé</surname>
<given-names>Laurent</given-names>
</name>
<degrees>DVM, PhD</degrees>
<xref rid="AF130884-2" ref-type="aff">2</xref>
<xref rid="AF130884-3" ref-type="aff">3</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kunz</surname>
<given-names>Christoph</given-names>
</name>
<degrees>MD, DDS</degrees>
<xref rid="AF130884-4" ref-type="aff">4</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Rudderman</surname>
<given-names>Randal</given-names>
</name>
<degrees>MD, FACS</degrees>
<xref rid="AF130884-5" ref-type="aff">5</xref>
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<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Buitrago-Téllez</surname>
<given-names>Carlos H.</given-names>
</name>
<degrees>MD</degrees>
<xref rid="AF130884-6" ref-type="aff">6</xref>
<xref rid="AF130884-7" ref-type="aff">7</xref>
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<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Frodel</surname>
<given-names>John</given-names>
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<degrees>MD, FACS</degrees>
<xref rid="AF130884-8" ref-type="aff">8</xref>
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<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Prein</surname>
<given-names>Joachim</given-names>
</name>
<degrees>MD, DDS</degrees>
<xref rid="AF130884-4" ref-type="aff">4</xref>
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<institution>Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ludwig Maximilians Universität, München, Germany</institution>
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<aff id="AF130884-2"><label>2</label>
<institution>AO Clinical Investigation and Documentation, AO Foundation, Düebendorf, Switzerland</institution>
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<aff id="AF130884-3"><label>3</label>
<institution>Research and Development Department, Schulthess Clinic, Zürich, Switzerland</institution>
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<aff id="AF130884-4"><label>4</label>
<institution>Clinic for Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland</institution>
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<aff id="AF130884-5"><label>5</label>
<institution>Plastic, Reconstruction and Maxillofacial Surgery, Alpharetta, Georgia</institution>
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<aff id="AF130884-6"><label>6</label>
<institution>Institute of Radiology, Zofingen Hospital, Zofingen, Switzerland</institution>
</aff>
<aff id="AF130884-7"><label>7</label>
<institution>Hightech Research Center for CMF Surgery, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland</institution>
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<aff id="AF130884-8"><label>8</label>
<institution>Division of Facial Plastic Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, Pennsylvania</institution>
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<author-notes><corresp id="CO130884-1"><bold>Address for correspondence </bold>
Carl-Peter Cornelius, MD, DDS <institution>Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ludwig Maximilians Universität</institution>
<addr-line>Lindwurmstrasse 2A, D-80337 München</addr-line>
<country>Germany</country>
<email>peter.cornelius@med.lmu.de</email>
</corresp>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>12</month>
<year>2014</year>
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<volume>7</volume>
<issue>Suppl 1</issue>
<fpage>S015</fpage>
<lpage>S030</lpage>
<history></history>
<permissions><copyright-statement>© Thieme Medical Publishers</copyright-statement>
</permissions>
<abstract><p>This tutorial outlines the details of the AOCMF image-based classification system for fractures of the mandible at the precision level 2 allowing description of their topographical distribution. A short introduction about the anatomy is made. Mandibular fractures are classified by the anatomic regions involved. For this purpose, the mandible is delineated into an array of nine regions identified by letters: the symphysis/parasymphysis region anteriorly, two body regions on each lateral side, combined angle and ascending ramus regions, and finally the condylar and coronoid processes. A precise definition of the demarcation lines between these regions is given for the unambiguous allocation of fractures. Four transition zones allow an accurate topographic assignment if fractures end up in or run across the borders of anatomic regions. These zones are defined between angle/ramus and body, and between body and symphysis/parasymphysis. A fracture is classified as “confined” as long as it is located within a region, in contrast to a fracture being “nonconfined” when it extents to an adjoining region. Illustrations and case examples of mandible fractures are presented to become familiar with the classification procedure in daily routine.</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group xml:lang="en"><title>Keywords</title>
<kwd>fracture classification</kwd>
<kwd>mandible</kwd>
<kwd>anatomic regions</kwd>
<kwd>transition zones</kwd>
<kwd>confined fractures</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
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<name sortKey="Cornelius, Carl Peter" sort="Cornelius, Carl Peter" uniqKey="Cornelius C" first="Carl-Peter" last="Cornelius">Carl-Peter Cornelius</name>
<name sortKey="Frodel, John" sort="Frodel, John" uniqKey="Frodel J" first="John" last="Frodel">John Frodel</name>
<name sortKey="Kunz, Christoph" sort="Kunz, Christoph" uniqKey="Kunz C" first="Christoph" last="Kunz">Christoph Kunz</name>
<name sortKey="Prein, Joachim" sort="Prein, Joachim" uniqKey="Prein J" first="Joachim" last="Prein">Joachim Prein</name>
<name sortKey="Rudderman, Randal" sort="Rudderman, Randal" uniqKey="Rudderman R" first="Randal" last="Rudderman">Randal Rudderman</name>
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