New phosphated poly(methyl methacrylate) polymers for the prevention of denture-induced microbial infection: an in vitro study
Identifieur interne : 004680 ( Ncbi/Merge ); précédent : 004679; suivant : 004681New phosphated poly(methyl methacrylate) polymers for the prevention of denture-induced microbial infection: an in vitro study
Auteurs : Periathamby Antony Raj [États-Unis] ; Andrew R. Dentino [États-Unis]Source :
- Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dentistry [ 1179-1357 ] ; 2011.
Abstract
Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) has been widely used as a denture-base acrylic resin due to its excellent physical and mechanical properties. However, the material is highly prone to microbial fouling that often leads to
Six PMMA polymers containing 0%, 5%, 15%, 10%, 20%, and 25% of phosphate group were synthesized by bead (suspension) polymerization technique using mixtures of methyl methacrylate and methallyl phosphate as monomers. The efficacy of the polymers to inhibit the adherence of
The presence of ≥15% phosphate content in PMMA significantly reduced the saliva-mediated adhesion of
Phosphated PMMA polymers have the potential to serve as novel denture-base resins, which may reduce
Url:
DOI: 10.2147/CCIDEN.S16860
PubMed: 23674911
PubMed Central: 3652354
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<author><name sortKey="Raj, Periathamby Antony" sort="Raj, Periathamby Antony" uniqKey="Raj P" first="Periathamby Antony" last="Raj">Periathamby Antony Raj</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="af1-ccide-3-025">Division of Research and Development, Perident Therapeutics, Inc, Milwaukee, WI, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
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<placeName><region type="state">Wisconsin</region>
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<author><name sortKey="Dentino, Andrew R" sort="Dentino, Andrew R" uniqKey="Dentino A" first="Andrew R" last="Dentino">Andrew R. Dentino</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="af1-ccide-3-025">Division of Research and Development, Perident Therapeutics, Inc, Milwaukee, WI, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Research and Development, Perident Therapeutics, Inc, Milwaukee, WI</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Wisconsin</region>
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<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="af2-ccide-3-025">Division of Periodontics, Department of Surgical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA</nlm:aff>
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">New phosphated poly(methyl methacrylate) polymers for the prevention of denture-induced microbial infection: an in vitro study</title>
<author><name sortKey="Raj, Periathamby Antony" sort="Raj, Periathamby Antony" uniqKey="Raj P" first="Periathamby Antony" last="Raj">Periathamby Antony Raj</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="af1-ccide-3-025">Division of Research and Development, Perident Therapeutics, Inc, Milwaukee, WI, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Research and Development, Perident Therapeutics, Inc, Milwaukee, WI</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Wisconsin</region>
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</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dentino, Andrew R" sort="Dentino, Andrew R" uniqKey="Dentino A" first="Andrew R" last="Dentino">Andrew R. Dentino</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="af1-ccide-3-025">Division of Research and Development, Perident Therapeutics, Inc, Milwaukee, WI, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Research and Development, Perident Therapeutics, Inc, Milwaukee, WI</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Wisconsin</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="af2-ccide-3-025">Division of Periodontics, Department of Surgical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Periodontics, Department of Surgical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Wisconsin</region>
</placeName>
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</analytic>
<series><title level="j">Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dentistry</title>
<idno type="eISSN">1179-1357</idno>
<imprint><date when="2011">2011</date>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Purpose</title>
<p>Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) has been widely used as a denture-base acrylic resin due to its excellent physical and mechanical properties. However, the material is highly prone to microbial fouling that often leads to <italic>Candida</italic>
-associated denture stomatitis. Incorporation of phosphate groups into PMMA could facilitate adsorption of salivary antimicrobials and inhibit microbial adherence on the polymer surface. An in vitro study evaluated PMMA polymers containing varying amounts of phosphate group for their efficacy to inhibit <italic>Candida albicans</italic>
adhesion, adsorb salivary histatin 5, and exhibit candidacidal activity.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Methods</title>
<p>Six PMMA polymers containing 0%, 5%, 15%, 10%, 20%, and 25% of phosphate group were synthesized by bead (suspension) polymerization technique using mixtures of methyl methacrylate and methallyl phosphate as monomers. The efficacy of the polymers to inhibit the adherence of <italic>C. albicans</italic>
was examined by using human saliva-coated polymer beads and radio-labeled <italic>C. albicans</italic>
cells, as compared with that of PMMA. The potency of the phosphated PMMA polymers to adsorb histatin 5 was determined by measuring the radioactivity of the adsorbed labeled-peptide on the polymer surface. The candidacidal activity of the histatin 5-adsorbed polymers was assessed by using the fluorescence technique. The percent release of the fluorescent probe calcein from the <italic>C. albicans</italic>
membrane caused by the disruption of the cell membrane was determined. The data were analyzed statistically by one-way ANOVA followed by Scheffé’s test (α = 0.05 and n = 6).</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Results</title>
<p>The presence of ≥15% phosphate content in PMMA significantly reduced the saliva-mediated adhesion of <italic>C. albicans</italic>
. Phosphated PMMA polymers showed significantly enhanced adsorption of histatin 5 in a phosphate density-dependent manner. The candidacidal activity of the histatin 5-bound polymers increased significantly with the increase in the phosphate content of the polymer.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Conclusion</title>
<p>Phosphated PMMA polymers have the potential to serve as novel denture-base resins, which may reduce <italic>C. albicans</italic>
colonization and prevent denture stomatitis.</p>
</sec>
</div>
</front>
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<pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Clin Cosmet Investig Dent</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Clin Cosmet Investig Dent</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dentistry</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">1179-1357</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Dove Medical Press</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">23674911</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3652354</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.2147/CCIDEN.S16860</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">ccide-3-025</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Original Research</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>New phosphated poly(methyl methacrylate) polymers for the prevention of denture-induced microbial infection: an in vitro study</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Raj</surname>
<given-names>Periathamby Antony</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1-ccide-3-025">1</xref>
<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1-ccide-3-025"></xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Dentino</surname>
<given-names>Andrew R</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1-ccide-3-025">1</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="af2-ccide-3-025">2</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="af1-ccide-3-025"><label>1</label>
Division of Research and Development, Perident Therapeutics, Inc, Milwaukee, WI, USA</aff>
<aff id="af2-ccide-3-025"><label>2</label>
Division of Periodontics, Department of Surgical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA</aff>
<author-notes><corresp id="c1-ccide-3-025">Correspondence: Periathamby Antony Raj, Perident Therapeutics, Inc, 5611 West Morgan Avenue, Unit L, Milwaukee, WI 53220, USA, Tel +1 414 364 1000, Fax +1 414 288 8392, Email <email>paraj@perident.net</email>
</corresp>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2011</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day>
<month>3</month>
<year>2011</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>3</volume>
<fpage>25</fpage>
<lpage>32</lpage>
<permissions><copyright-statement>© 2011 Raj and Dentino, publisher and licensee Dove Medical Press Ltd.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2011</copyright-year>
<license><license-p>This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<abstract><sec><title>Purpose</title>
<p>Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) has been widely used as a denture-base acrylic resin due to its excellent physical and mechanical properties. However, the material is highly prone to microbial fouling that often leads to <italic>Candida</italic>
-associated denture stomatitis. Incorporation of phosphate groups into PMMA could facilitate adsorption of salivary antimicrobials and inhibit microbial adherence on the polymer surface. An in vitro study evaluated PMMA polymers containing varying amounts of phosphate group for their efficacy to inhibit <italic>Candida albicans</italic>
adhesion, adsorb salivary histatin 5, and exhibit candidacidal activity.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Methods</title>
<p>Six PMMA polymers containing 0%, 5%, 15%, 10%, 20%, and 25% of phosphate group were synthesized by bead (suspension) polymerization technique using mixtures of methyl methacrylate and methallyl phosphate as monomers. The efficacy of the polymers to inhibit the adherence of <italic>C. albicans</italic>
was examined by using human saliva-coated polymer beads and radio-labeled <italic>C. albicans</italic>
cells, as compared with that of PMMA. The potency of the phosphated PMMA polymers to adsorb histatin 5 was determined by measuring the radioactivity of the adsorbed labeled-peptide on the polymer surface. The candidacidal activity of the histatin 5-adsorbed polymers was assessed by using the fluorescence technique. The percent release of the fluorescent probe calcein from the <italic>C. albicans</italic>
membrane caused by the disruption of the cell membrane was determined. The data were analyzed statistically by one-way ANOVA followed by Scheffé’s test (α = 0.05 and n = 6).</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Results</title>
<p>The presence of ≥15% phosphate content in PMMA significantly reduced the saliva-mediated adhesion of <italic>C. albicans</italic>
. Phosphated PMMA polymers showed significantly enhanced adsorption of histatin 5 in a phosphate density-dependent manner. The candidacidal activity of the histatin 5-bound polymers increased significantly with the increase in the phosphate content of the polymer.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Conclusion</title>
<p>Phosphated PMMA polymers have the potential to serve as novel denture-base resins, which may reduce <italic>C. albicans</italic>
colonization and prevent denture stomatitis.</p>
</sec>
</abstract>
<kwd-group><kwd>phosphated poly(methyl methacrylate) polymers</kwd>
<kwd>denture infection</kwd>
<kwd><italic>Candida albicans</italic>
adhesion</kwd>
<kwd>salivary antimicrobials</kwd>
<kwd>histatins</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
<floats-group><fig id="f1-ccide-3-025" position="float"><label>Figure 1</label>
<caption><p>Adhesion of <italic>C. albicans</italic>
to (<bold>A</bold>
) HSMSL-coated PMMA polymer beads and (<bold>B</bold>
) human whole saliva-coated PMMA polymer beads. The adhesion assay was performed as described in the <italic>Materials and methods</italic>
section. The phosphate content of each polymer is indicated within parentheses. Each data point is the mean (±SD) of duplicate determinations from three separate independent experiments.</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="ccide-3-025f1"></graphic>
</fig>
<fig id="f2-ccide-3-025" position="float"><label>Figure 2</label>
<caption><p>Adsorption of histatin 5 to PMMA and phosphated PMMA resins. Each group of polymer beads (4 mg) were incubated separately with [<sup>125</sup>
I] histatin 5 (50–300 ng) in 50 μL of PBS for 2 hours at 25°C. The beads were washed three times with PBS (1 mL) and centrifuged (Beckmann Microfuge) for 10 min at 500 <italic>g</italic>
to remove unadsorbed peptide. The [<sup>125</sup>
I] peptide adsorbed to the beads was determined in a γ-counter. The phosphate content of each polymer is indicated within parentheses. Each data point is the mean (±SD) of duplicate determinations from three separate independent experiments.</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="ccide-3-025f2"></graphic>
</fig>
<fig id="f3-ccide-3-025" position="float"><label>Figure 3</label>
<caption><p>Candidacidal activity of histatin 5 adsorbed PMMA resins. Fluorescence intensity was measured at 520 nm using an excitation wavelength of 495 nm every 5 minutes for 60 minutes, then every 15 minutes for 600 minutes. The assays were performed at pH 7.2 and 37°C. The phosphate content of each polymer is indicated within parentheses. Each data point is the mean (±SD) of duplicate determinations from three separate independent experiments.</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="ccide-3-025f3"></graphic>
</fig>
</floats-group>
</pmc>
<affiliations><list><country><li>États-Unis</li>
</country>
<region><li>Wisconsin</li>
</region>
</list>
<tree><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Wisconsin"><name sortKey="Raj, Periathamby Antony" sort="Raj, Periathamby Antony" uniqKey="Raj P" first="Periathamby Antony" last="Raj">Periathamby Antony Raj</name>
</region>
<name sortKey="Dentino, Andrew R" sort="Dentino, Andrew R" uniqKey="Dentino A" first="Andrew R" last="Dentino">Andrew R. Dentino</name>
<name sortKey="Dentino, Andrew R" sort="Dentino, Andrew R" uniqKey="Dentino A" first="Andrew R" last="Dentino">Andrew R. Dentino</name>
</country>
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</record>
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