Selected aspects of the art and science of facial esthetics
Identifieur interne : 00A696 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 00A695; suivant : 00A697Selected aspects of the art and science of facial esthetics
Auteurs : Sheldon Peck [États-Unis] ; Leena Peck [États-Unis]Source :
- Seminars in Orthodontics [ 1073-8746 ] ; 1995.
Descripteurs français
- Wicri :
- topic : Beaux-arts.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adult samples, Ancient egyptian, Ancient greece, Angle orthod, Angle school, Anterior maxillary height, Apollo belvedere, Asymmetry, Attractiveness, Beauty contest winners, Belvedere, Central incisor, Cephalometric, Clinical crown height, Clinical observation, Correlation coefficients, Craniofacial growth series, Crown height, Dante gabriel rossetti, Dent, Dent cosmos, Dental anthropology, Dentofacial, Divine proportion, Divine proportions, Edward hartley angle, Esthet dent, Esthetic, Esthetics, European descent, Facial, Facial animation, Facial appearance, Facial attractiveness, Facial beauty, Facial esthetics, Facial expression, Facial form, Facial midline, Facial paralysis, Facial pattern, Facial profile, Facial profiles, Facial proportions, Facial symmetry, Female lineament, Female samples, Female subjects, Fibonacci series, Fine arts, Frequency distribution, Gingival, Gingival display, Gingival margin, Gingival smile, Gingival smile line, Gingival smile sample, Golden section, Greek sculpture, Grid, Gummy smile, High smile, High smile lines, Horizontal axis, Human face, Human growth, Ideal proportions, Incisal edge, Incisor, Incisor crown, Inferior border, Interlabial, Lineament, Lower face, Lower lips, Male group, Male lineament, Male subjects, Mathematical explanations, Maxillary, Maxillary gingiva, Maxillary height, Maximum smile, Mechanical surgery, National gallery, Negative value, Oral deformities, Oral esthetics, Orthod, Orthodontic myth, Orthodontic patients, Orthodontic treatment, Orthodontics, Orthognathic surgery, Overbite, Overjet, Palatal, Palatal plane, Photographic study, Physical attractiveness, Plast, Pleasing esthetics, Posterior teeth, Posttreatment observation, Present study, Professional models, Reference group, Reference population, Reference sample, Rest position, Rest position interlabial, Sample comparisons, Saunders company, Semiquantitative study, Sexual dimorphism, Sexual selection, Significant difference, Significant differences, Skeletal factors, Smile line, Smile lines, Soft tissue, Squared grid, Standard deviations, Superior fibers, Surg, Treatment planning, Uncoached complaint, University press, Vatican museum, Vertical axis, Vertical dentofacial measurements, Vertical dimension, Vertical growth, Vertical maxillary, Vertical measurement, Yale university press, Young adults.
- Teeft :
- Adult samples, Ancient egyptian, Ancient greece, Angle orthod, Angle school, Anterior maxillary height, Apollo belvedere, Asymmetry, Attractiveness, Beauty contest winners, Belvedere, Central incisor, Cephalometric, Clinical crown height, Clinical observation, Correlation coefficients, Craniofacial growth series, Crown height, Dante gabriel rossetti, Dent, Dent cosmos, Dental anthropology, Dentofacial, Divine proportion, Divine proportions, Edward hartley angle, Esthet dent, Esthetic, Esthetics, European descent, Facial, Facial animation, Facial appearance, Facial attractiveness, Facial beauty, Facial esthetics, Facial expression, Facial form, Facial midline, Facial paralysis, Facial pattern, Facial profile, Facial profiles, Facial proportions, Facial symmetry, Female lineament, Female samples, Female subjects, Fibonacci series, Fine arts, Frequency distribution, Gingival, Gingival display, Gingival margin, Gingival smile, Gingival smile line, Gingival smile sample, Golden section, Greek sculpture, Grid, Gummy smile, High smile, High smile lines, Horizontal axis, Human face, Human growth, Ideal proportions, Incisal edge, Incisor, Incisor crown, Inferior border, Interlabial, Lineament, Lower face, Lower lips, Male group, Male lineament, Male subjects, Mathematical explanations, Maxillary, Maxillary gingiva, Maxillary height, Maximum smile, Mechanical surgery, National gallery, Negative value, Oral deformities, Oral esthetics, Orthod, Orthodontic myth, Orthodontic patients, Orthodontic treatment, Orthodontics, Orthognathic surgery, Overbite, Overjet, Palatal, Palatal plane, Photographic study, Physical attractiveness, Plast, Pleasing esthetics, Posterior teeth, Posttreatment observation, Present study, Professional models, Reference group, Reference population, Reference sample, Rest position, Rest position interlabial, Sample comparisons, Saunders company, Semiquantitative study, Sexual dimorphism, Sexual selection, Significant difference, Significant differences, Skeletal factors, Smile line, Smile lines, Soft tissue, Squared grid, Standard deviations, Superior fibers, Surg, Treatment planning, Uncoached complaint, University press, Vatican museum, Vertical axis, Vertical dentofacial measurements, Vertical dimension, Vertical growth, Vertical maxillary, Vertical measurement, Yale university press, Young adults.
Abstract
The historical aspects of facial esthetics and its role in orthodontic teachings and practice are traced to their origins in classical art. Related discussions include the failure of “divine proportions,” the ascent of the Class II facies, and the influence of 19th century pseudoscience. Today, the treatment of facial form for a diverse society requires a tolerant sense of esthetic pluralism. Moreover, advances in neuroscience and psychology have extended understanding of the biological basis of variation in facial expression and judgment. The nature of oral esthetics was examined through quantitative studies of the smile line. Significant sexual dimorphism was found, ie, the gingival smile line (GSL) appears to be a female lineament and the low smile line seems to be a male lineament. Further results indicated that the GSL is associated with several facial characteristics, including anterior vertical maxillary excess, and the muscular capacity to raise the upper lip significantly higher than average on smiling. Other variables associated with GSL are statistically significant increases in overjet, interlabial gap at rest, and overbite. The gingival smile line is not necessarily objectionable esthetically and it will normally diminish with age. However, the treatment of choice for the GSL patient with an uncoached complaint is orthognathic surgery and orthodontics.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/S1073-8746(95)80097-2
Affiliations:
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<term>Ancient greece</term>
<term>Angle orthod</term>
<term>Angle school</term>
<term>Anterior maxillary height</term>
<term>Apollo belvedere</term>
<term>Asymmetry</term>
<term>Attractiveness</term>
<term>Beauty contest winners</term>
<term>Belvedere</term>
<term>Central incisor</term>
<term>Cephalometric</term>
<term>Clinical crown height</term>
<term>Clinical observation</term>
<term>Correlation coefficients</term>
<term>Craniofacial growth series</term>
<term>Crown height</term>
<term>Dante gabriel rossetti</term>
<term>Dent</term>
<term>Dent cosmos</term>
<term>Dental anthropology</term>
<term>Dentofacial</term>
<term>Divine proportion</term>
<term>Divine proportions</term>
<term>Edward hartley angle</term>
<term>Esthet dent</term>
<term>Esthetic</term>
<term>Esthetics</term>
<term>European descent</term>
<term>Facial</term>
<term>Facial animation</term>
<term>Facial appearance</term>
<term>Facial attractiveness</term>
<term>Facial beauty</term>
<term>Facial esthetics</term>
<term>Facial expression</term>
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<term>Facial midline</term>
<term>Facial paralysis</term>
<term>Facial pattern</term>
<term>Facial profile</term>
<term>Facial profiles</term>
<term>Facial proportions</term>
<term>Facial symmetry</term>
<term>Female lineament</term>
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<term>Female subjects</term>
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<term>Fine arts</term>
<term>Frequency distribution</term>
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<term>Golden section</term>
<term>Greek sculpture</term>
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<term>Human face</term>
<term>Human growth</term>
<term>Ideal proportions</term>
<term>Incisal edge</term>
<term>Incisor</term>
<term>Incisor crown</term>
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<term>Lineament</term>
<term>Lower face</term>
<term>Lower lips</term>
<term>Male group</term>
<term>Male lineament</term>
<term>Male subjects</term>
<term>Mathematical explanations</term>
<term>Maxillary</term>
<term>Maxillary gingiva</term>
<term>Maxillary height</term>
<term>Maximum smile</term>
<term>Mechanical surgery</term>
<term>National gallery</term>
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<term>Oral deformities</term>
<term>Oral esthetics</term>
<term>Orthod</term>
<term>Orthodontic myth</term>
<term>Orthodontic patients</term>
<term>Orthodontic treatment</term>
<term>Orthodontics</term>
<term>Orthognathic surgery</term>
<term>Overbite</term>
<term>Overjet</term>
<term>Palatal</term>
<term>Palatal plane</term>
<term>Photographic study</term>
<term>Physical attractiveness</term>
<term>Plast</term>
<term>Pleasing esthetics</term>
<term>Posterior teeth</term>
<term>Posttreatment observation</term>
<term>Present study</term>
<term>Professional models</term>
<term>Reference group</term>
<term>Reference population</term>
<term>Reference sample</term>
<term>Rest position</term>
<term>Rest position interlabial</term>
<term>Sample comparisons</term>
<term>Saunders company</term>
<term>Semiquantitative study</term>
<term>Sexual dimorphism</term>
<term>Sexual selection</term>
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<term>Significant differences</term>
<term>Skeletal factors</term>
<term>Smile line</term>
<term>Smile lines</term>
<term>Soft tissue</term>
<term>Squared grid</term>
<term>Standard deviations</term>
<term>Superior fibers</term>
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<term>Treatment planning</term>
<term>Uncoached complaint</term>
<term>University press</term>
<term>Vatican museum</term>
<term>Vertical axis</term>
<term>Vertical dentofacial measurements</term>
<term>Vertical dimension</term>
<term>Vertical growth</term>
<term>Vertical maxillary</term>
<term>Vertical measurement</term>
<term>Yale university press</term>
<term>Young adults</term>
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<term>Ancient egyptian</term>
<term>Ancient greece</term>
<term>Angle orthod</term>
<term>Angle school</term>
<term>Anterior maxillary height</term>
<term>Apollo belvedere</term>
<term>Asymmetry</term>
<term>Attractiveness</term>
<term>Beauty contest winners</term>
<term>Belvedere</term>
<term>Central incisor</term>
<term>Cephalometric</term>
<term>Clinical crown height</term>
<term>Clinical observation</term>
<term>Correlation coefficients</term>
<term>Craniofacial growth series</term>
<term>Crown height</term>
<term>Dante gabriel rossetti</term>
<term>Dent</term>
<term>Dent cosmos</term>
<term>Dental anthropology</term>
<term>Dentofacial</term>
<term>Divine proportion</term>
<term>Divine proportions</term>
<term>Edward hartley angle</term>
<term>Esthet dent</term>
<term>Esthetic</term>
<term>Esthetics</term>
<term>European descent</term>
<term>Facial</term>
<term>Facial animation</term>
<term>Facial appearance</term>
<term>Facial attractiveness</term>
<term>Facial beauty</term>
<term>Facial esthetics</term>
<term>Facial expression</term>
<term>Facial form</term>
<term>Facial midline</term>
<term>Facial paralysis</term>
<term>Facial pattern</term>
<term>Facial profile</term>
<term>Facial profiles</term>
<term>Facial proportions</term>
<term>Facial symmetry</term>
<term>Female lineament</term>
<term>Female samples</term>
<term>Female subjects</term>
<term>Fibonacci series</term>
<term>Fine arts</term>
<term>Frequency distribution</term>
<term>Gingival</term>
<term>Gingival display</term>
<term>Gingival margin</term>
<term>Gingival smile</term>
<term>Gingival smile line</term>
<term>Gingival smile sample</term>
<term>Golden section</term>
<term>Greek sculpture</term>
<term>Grid</term>
<term>Gummy smile</term>
<term>High smile</term>
<term>High smile lines</term>
<term>Horizontal axis</term>
<term>Human face</term>
<term>Human growth</term>
<term>Ideal proportions</term>
<term>Incisal edge</term>
<term>Incisor</term>
<term>Incisor crown</term>
<term>Inferior border</term>
<term>Interlabial</term>
<term>Lineament</term>
<term>Lower face</term>
<term>Lower lips</term>
<term>Male group</term>
<term>Male lineament</term>
<term>Male subjects</term>
<term>Mathematical explanations</term>
<term>Maxillary</term>
<term>Maxillary gingiva</term>
<term>Maxillary height</term>
<term>Maximum smile</term>
<term>Mechanical surgery</term>
<term>National gallery</term>
<term>Negative value</term>
<term>Oral deformities</term>
<term>Oral esthetics</term>
<term>Orthod</term>
<term>Orthodontic myth</term>
<term>Orthodontic patients</term>
<term>Orthodontic treatment</term>
<term>Orthodontics</term>
<term>Orthognathic surgery</term>
<term>Overbite</term>
<term>Overjet</term>
<term>Palatal</term>
<term>Palatal plane</term>
<term>Photographic study</term>
<term>Physical attractiveness</term>
<term>Plast</term>
<term>Pleasing esthetics</term>
<term>Posterior teeth</term>
<term>Posttreatment observation</term>
<term>Present study</term>
<term>Professional models</term>
<term>Reference group</term>
<term>Reference population</term>
<term>Reference sample</term>
<term>Rest position</term>
<term>Rest position interlabial</term>
<term>Sample comparisons</term>
<term>Saunders company</term>
<term>Semiquantitative study</term>
<term>Sexual dimorphism</term>
<term>Sexual selection</term>
<term>Significant difference</term>
<term>Significant differences</term>
<term>Skeletal factors</term>
<term>Smile line</term>
<term>Smile lines</term>
<term>Soft tissue</term>
<term>Squared grid</term>
<term>Standard deviations</term>
<term>Superior fibers</term>
<term>Surg</term>
<term>Treatment planning</term>
<term>Uncoached complaint</term>
<term>University press</term>
<term>Vatican museum</term>
<term>Vertical axis</term>
<term>Vertical dentofacial measurements</term>
<term>Vertical dimension</term>
<term>Vertical growth</term>
<term>Vertical maxillary</term>
<term>Vertical measurement</term>
<term>Yale university press</term>
<term>Young adults</term>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The historical aspects of facial esthetics and its role in orthodontic teachings and practice are traced to their origins in classical art. Related discussions include the failure of “divine proportions,” the ascent of the Class II facies, and the influence of 19th century pseudoscience. Today, the treatment of facial form for a diverse society requires a tolerant sense of esthetic pluralism. Moreover, advances in neuroscience and psychology have extended understanding of the biological basis of variation in facial expression and judgment. The nature of oral esthetics was examined through quantitative studies of the smile line. Significant sexual dimorphism was found, ie, the gingival smile line (GSL) appears to be a female lineament and the low smile line seems to be a male lineament. Further results indicated that the GSL is associated with several facial characteristics, including anterior vertical maxillary excess, and the muscular capacity to raise the upper lip significantly higher than average on smiling. Other variables associated with GSL are statistically significant increases in overjet, interlabial gap at rest, and overbite. The gingival smile line is not necessarily objectionable esthetically and it will normally diminish with age. However, the treatment of choice for the GSL patient with an uncoached complaint is orthognathic surgery and orthodontics.</div>
</front>
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<region><li>Massachusetts</li>
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