The jaw function and adaptive radiation of the dicynodont mammal-like reptiles of the Karoo basin of South Africa
Identifieur interne : 009866 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 009865; suivant : 009867The jaw function and adaptive radiation of the dicynodont mammal-like reptiles of the Karoo basin of South Africa
Auteurs : C. Barry CoxSource :
- Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society [ 0024-4082 ] ; 1998.
Descripteurs français
- Wicri :
- topic : Reptile.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adaptive radiation, African journal, African museum, Annals ofthe, Anomodont, Anomodontia, Anomodonts, Anterior, Anterior edge, Anterior ends, Anterior margin, Anterior palatal ridges, Anterior part, Anterior position, Anterior ridges, Anterior view, Anteriorly, Apomorphies, Articular, Articular condyle, Articular recess, Assemblage zones, Beak, Beaufort, Beaufort group, Bernard price institute, Bloemfontein, Broom, Bruce rubidge, Caniniform, Caniniform process, Caniniform processes, Cistecephalus, Cluver, Cluver hotton, Cluver king, Condyle, Convex, Convex part, Coronoid, Coronoid eminence, Cranial morphology, Crompton, Crompton hotton, Dentary, Dentary groove, Dentary shelf, Dentary table, Dentary teeth, Dicynodon, Dicynodont, Dicynodont genera, Dicynodont groups, Dicynodontia, Dicynodontoidea, Dicynodontoids, Different genera, Diictodon, Dinanomodon, Dorsal, Dorsal surface, Dorsal view, Emydopoidea, Emydopoids, Emydops, Endothiodon, Endothiodontoidea, Endothiodontoids, Eodicynodon, Fauna, Fenestra, Fossil, Front face, Genus, Geological society, Gillian king, Groove, Haughton, Hdicynodon, Herbivore, Herbivorous, Higher dicynodonts, Hopson, Horny, Hotton, Infraorder dicynodontia, Inner side, Inner surface, Insertion, Internal narial space, Interpterygoid vacuity, Kannemeyeria, Karoo, Karoo basin, Keyser, Keyser cruickshank, King cluver, King rubidge, Kingoria, Large number, Late permian, Lateral, Lateral dentary groove, Lateral surface, Lateral view, Laterally, Linnean society, Lower jaws, Lower teeth, Lystrosaurus, Mandibular, Mandibular fenestra, Maxilla, Medial, Medially, Median, More medially, Morphology, Mouth cavity, Muscle insertion, Musculature, Myosaurus, Nasionale museum bloemfontein, National museum, Nmqr, Node, Ofthe, Other specimens, Palaeontologia africana, Palatal, Palatal grooves, Palatal notch, Palatal pads, Palatal ridge, Palatal surface, Palate, Palatine, Palatine pads, Patranomodon, Permian, Posterior, Posterior palatal grooves, Posterior part, Posterior premaxillary ridge, Posteriorly, Posterolaterally, Posteromedial, Premaxilla, Premaxillary, Pristerodon, Prodicynodon, Pterygoid, Quadrate, Ramus, Recess, Reptile, Reptilia, Reptilian, Robertia, Robertoids, Roger smith, Royal society, Rubidge, Rubidge hopson, Secondary palate, Sister group, Skull, Skull length, Small teeth, Snout, Southern africa, Squamosal, Suborbital bars, Superfamily, Synapsid, Synapsid genera, Tapinocephalus assemblage zone, Therapsida, Therapsida – Permian – biostratigraphy – palaeoecology – evolution., Tmpidostoma, Transvaal museum, Triassic, Triassic dicynodonts, Tropidostoma, Tusk, University museum, Upper teeth, Ventral, Ventral surface, Ventral view, Ventrally, Vertebrate, Zoological journal, Zygomatic arch.
- Teeft :
- Adaptive radiation, African journal, African museum, Annals ofthe, Anomodont, Anomodontia, Anomodonts, Anterior, Anterior edge, Anterior ends, Anterior margin, Anterior palatal ridges, Anterior part, Anterior position, Anterior ridges, Anterior view, Anteriorly, Apomorphies, Articular, Articular condyle, Articular recess, Assemblage zones, Beak, Beaufort, Beaufort group, Bernard price institute, Bloemfontein, Broom, Bruce rubidge, Caniniform, Caniniform process, Caniniform processes, Cistecephalus, Cluver, Cluver hotton, Cluver king, Condyle, Convex, Convex part, Coronoid, Coronoid eminence, Cranial morphology, Crompton, Crompton hotton, Dentary, Dentary groove, Dentary shelf, Dentary table, Dentary teeth, Dicynodon, Dicynodont, Dicynodont genera, Dicynodont groups, Dicynodontia, Dicynodontoidea, Dicynodontoids, Different genera, Diictodon, Dinanomodon, Dorsal, Dorsal surface, Dorsal view, Emydopoidea, Emydopoids, Emydops, Endothiodon, Endothiodontoidea, Endothiodontoids, Eodicynodon, Fauna, Fenestra, Fossil, Front face, Genus, Geological society, Gillian king, Groove, Haughton, Hdicynodon, Herbivore, Herbivorous, Higher dicynodonts, Hopson, Horny, Hotton, Infraorder dicynodontia, Inner side, Inner surface, Insertion, Internal narial space, Interpterygoid vacuity, Kannemeyeria, Karoo, Karoo basin, Keyser, Keyser cruickshank, King cluver, King rubidge, Kingoria, Large number, Late permian, Lateral, Lateral dentary groove, Lateral surface, Lateral view, Laterally, Linnean society, Lower jaws, Lower teeth, Lystrosaurus, Mandibular, Mandibular fenestra, Maxilla, Medial, Medially, Median, More medially, Morphology, Mouth cavity, Muscle insertion, Musculature, Myosaurus, Nasionale museum bloemfontein, National museum, Nmqr, Node, Ofthe, Other specimens, Palaeontologia africana, Palatal, Palatal grooves, Palatal notch, Palatal pads, Palatal ridge, Palatal surface, Palate, Palatine, Palatine pads, Patranomodon, Permian, Posterior, Posterior palatal grooves, Posterior part, Posterior premaxillary ridge, Posteriorly, Posterolaterally, Posteromedial, Premaxilla, Premaxillary, Pristerodon, Prodicynodon, Pterygoid, Quadrate, Ramus, Recess, Reptile, Reptilia, Reptilian, Robertia, Robertoids, Roger smith, Royal society, Rubidge, Rubidge hopson, Secondary palate, Sister group, Skull, Skull length, Small teeth, Snout, Southern africa, Squamosal, Suborbital bars, Superfamily, Synapsid, Synapsid genera, Tapinocephalus assemblage zone, Therapsida, Tmpidostoma, Transvaal museum, Triassic, Triassic dicynodonts, Tropidostoma, Tusk, University museum, Upper teeth, Ventral, Ventral surface, Ventral view, Ventrally, Vertebrate, Zoological journal, Zygomatic arch.
Abstract
Abstract: The structure and functioning of the dicynodont jaw system are described. A pivoting action of the lower jaw around the palate posteromedian to the caniniform processes is as basic to the jaw movement as is the well-known double-convex jaw articulation. The sequence of origin of the characteristic features of the dicynodonts is analysed cladistically; this demonstrates the patterns of association of these characters into functional character-complexes. The structures of the palate and lower jaw, and their functional integration in feeding, are described and illustrated in standard format. Five different lineages of dicynodont can be identified:Eodicynodon;the robertoids (includingDiictodon); the dicynodontoids (includingDicynodonand the majority of the large dicynodont genera of the Permian and Triassic); the endothiodontoids (includingProdicynodon [=‘Chelydontops’]andPristerodon), and the emydopoids (includingCistecephalus, MyosaurusandKingoria).Eodicynodonor a similar form could have been ancestral to the other four lineages. The robertoids probably fed upon the stems and rhizomes of equisetaleans, while the varied dicynodontoids probably fed upon the varied glossopterid seed-ferns. The endothiodontoids, too, were probably herbivorous, but many, perhaps all, of the small emydopoids were burrowing and may have been omnivorous. The dicynodonts were probably ectothermal, and the dicynodontoids may have migrated to warmer latitudes in the winter. Onlyc. 20 genera of Karoo dicynodont are now recognized as valid, and it is suggested that this fauna is now almost completely known. Their distribution in the Karoo biozones is reviewed and correlated with environmental changes. The Permian ancestors of the Triassic dicynodonts, includingLystrosaurus, probably lived on higher, drier ground, and were therefore already adapted to the more fibrous food that spread into the basins as the climate became drier in the Triassic.
Url:
- https://api.istex.fr/document/84B2D7AE82599E7A45E8C4824355A713ED3C1563/fulltext/pdf
- https://api.istex.fr/document/2FD3203A61E601B828D05F94DB0B53C5223F53C8/fulltext/pdf
DOI: 10.1006/zjls.1997.0123
Affiliations:
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Le document en format XML
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<term>African journal</term>
<term>African museum</term>
<term>Annals ofthe</term>
<term>Anomodont</term>
<term>Anomodontia</term>
<term>Anomodonts</term>
<term>Anterior</term>
<term>Anterior edge</term>
<term>Anterior ends</term>
<term>Anterior margin</term>
<term>Anterior palatal ridges</term>
<term>Anterior part</term>
<term>Anterior position</term>
<term>Anterior ridges</term>
<term>Anterior view</term>
<term>Anteriorly</term>
<term>Apomorphies</term>
<term>Articular</term>
<term>Articular condyle</term>
<term>Articular recess</term>
<term>Assemblage zones</term>
<term>Beak</term>
<term>Beaufort</term>
<term>Beaufort group</term>
<term>Bernard price institute</term>
<term>Bloemfontein</term>
<term>Broom</term>
<term>Bruce rubidge</term>
<term>Caniniform</term>
<term>Caniniform process</term>
<term>Caniniform processes</term>
<term>Cistecephalus</term>
<term>Cluver</term>
<term>Cluver hotton</term>
<term>Cluver king</term>
<term>Condyle</term>
<term>Convex</term>
<term>Convex part</term>
<term>Coronoid</term>
<term>Coronoid eminence</term>
<term>Cranial morphology</term>
<term>Crompton</term>
<term>Crompton hotton</term>
<term>Dentary</term>
<term>Dentary groove</term>
<term>Dentary shelf</term>
<term>Dentary table</term>
<term>Dentary teeth</term>
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<term>Dorsal surface</term>
<term>Dorsal view</term>
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<term>Emydopoids</term>
<term>Emydops</term>
<term>Endothiodon</term>
<term>Endothiodontoidea</term>
<term>Endothiodontoids</term>
<term>Eodicynodon</term>
<term>Fauna</term>
<term>Fenestra</term>
<term>Fossil</term>
<term>Front face</term>
<term>Genus</term>
<term>Geological society</term>
<term>Gillian king</term>
<term>Groove</term>
<term>Haughton</term>
<term>Hdicynodon</term>
<term>Herbivore</term>
<term>Herbivorous</term>
<term>Higher dicynodonts</term>
<term>Hopson</term>
<term>Horny</term>
<term>Hotton</term>
<term>Infraorder dicynodontia</term>
<term>Inner side</term>
<term>Inner surface</term>
<term>Insertion</term>
<term>Internal narial space</term>
<term>Interpterygoid vacuity</term>
<term>Kannemeyeria</term>
<term>Karoo</term>
<term>Karoo basin</term>
<term>Keyser</term>
<term>Keyser cruickshank</term>
<term>King cluver</term>
<term>King rubidge</term>
<term>Kingoria</term>
<term>Large number</term>
<term>Late permian</term>
<term>Lateral</term>
<term>Lateral dentary groove</term>
<term>Lateral surface</term>
<term>Lateral view</term>
<term>Laterally</term>
<term>Linnean society</term>
<term>Lower jaws</term>
<term>Lower teeth</term>
<term>Lystrosaurus</term>
<term>Mandibular</term>
<term>Mandibular fenestra</term>
<term>Maxilla</term>
<term>Medial</term>
<term>Medially</term>
<term>Median</term>
<term>More medially</term>
<term>Morphology</term>
<term>Mouth cavity</term>
<term>Muscle insertion</term>
<term>Musculature</term>
<term>Myosaurus</term>
<term>Nasionale museum bloemfontein</term>
<term>National museum</term>
<term>Nmqr</term>
<term>Node</term>
<term>Ofthe</term>
<term>Other specimens</term>
<term>Palaeontologia africana</term>
<term>Palatal</term>
<term>Palatal grooves</term>
<term>Palatal notch</term>
<term>Palatal pads</term>
<term>Palatal ridge</term>
<term>Palatal surface</term>
<term>Palate</term>
<term>Palatine</term>
<term>Palatine pads</term>
<term>Patranomodon</term>
<term>Permian</term>
<term>Posterior</term>
<term>Posterior palatal grooves</term>
<term>Posterior part</term>
<term>Posterior premaxillary ridge</term>
<term>Posteriorly</term>
<term>Posterolaterally</term>
<term>Posteromedial</term>
<term>Premaxilla</term>
<term>Premaxillary</term>
<term>Pristerodon</term>
<term>Prodicynodon</term>
<term>Pterygoid</term>
<term>Quadrate</term>
<term>Ramus</term>
<term>Recess</term>
<term>Reptile</term>
<term>Reptilia</term>
<term>Reptilian</term>
<term>Robertia</term>
<term>Robertoids</term>
<term>Roger smith</term>
<term>Royal society</term>
<term>Rubidge</term>
<term>Rubidge hopson</term>
<term>Secondary palate</term>
<term>Sister group</term>
<term>Skull</term>
<term>Skull length</term>
<term>Small teeth</term>
<term>Snout</term>
<term>Southern africa</term>
<term>Squamosal</term>
<term>Suborbital bars</term>
<term>Superfamily</term>
<term>Synapsid</term>
<term>Synapsid genera</term>
<term>Tapinocephalus assemblage zone</term>
<term>Therapsida</term>
<term>Therapsida – Permian – biostratigraphy – palaeoecology – evolution.</term>
<term>Tmpidostoma</term>
<term>Transvaal museum</term>
<term>Triassic</term>
<term>Triassic dicynodonts</term>
<term>Tropidostoma</term>
<term>Tusk</term>
<term>University museum</term>
<term>Upper teeth</term>
<term>Ventral</term>
<term>Ventral surface</term>
<term>Ventral view</term>
<term>Ventrally</term>
<term>Vertebrate</term>
<term>Zoological journal</term>
<term>Zygomatic arch</term>
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<keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en"><term>Adaptive radiation</term>
<term>African journal</term>
<term>African museum</term>
<term>Annals ofthe</term>
<term>Anomodont</term>
<term>Anomodontia</term>
<term>Anomodonts</term>
<term>Anterior</term>
<term>Anterior edge</term>
<term>Anterior ends</term>
<term>Anterior margin</term>
<term>Anterior palatal ridges</term>
<term>Anterior part</term>
<term>Anterior position</term>
<term>Anterior ridges</term>
<term>Anterior view</term>
<term>Anteriorly</term>
<term>Apomorphies</term>
<term>Articular</term>
<term>Articular condyle</term>
<term>Articular recess</term>
<term>Assemblage zones</term>
<term>Beak</term>
<term>Beaufort</term>
<term>Beaufort group</term>
<term>Bernard price institute</term>
<term>Bloemfontein</term>
<term>Broom</term>
<term>Bruce rubidge</term>
<term>Caniniform</term>
<term>Caniniform process</term>
<term>Caniniform processes</term>
<term>Cistecephalus</term>
<term>Cluver</term>
<term>Cluver hotton</term>
<term>Cluver king</term>
<term>Condyle</term>
<term>Convex</term>
<term>Convex part</term>
<term>Coronoid</term>
<term>Coronoid eminence</term>
<term>Cranial morphology</term>
<term>Crompton</term>
<term>Crompton hotton</term>
<term>Dentary</term>
<term>Dentary groove</term>
<term>Dentary shelf</term>
<term>Dentary table</term>
<term>Dentary teeth</term>
<term>Dicynodon</term>
<term>Dicynodont</term>
<term>Dicynodont genera</term>
<term>Dicynodont groups</term>
<term>Dicynodontia</term>
<term>Dicynodontoidea</term>
<term>Dicynodontoids</term>
<term>Different genera</term>
<term>Diictodon</term>
<term>Dinanomodon</term>
<term>Dorsal</term>
<term>Dorsal surface</term>
<term>Dorsal view</term>
<term>Emydopoidea</term>
<term>Emydopoids</term>
<term>Emydops</term>
<term>Endothiodon</term>
<term>Endothiodontoidea</term>
<term>Endothiodontoids</term>
<term>Eodicynodon</term>
<term>Fauna</term>
<term>Fenestra</term>
<term>Fossil</term>
<term>Front face</term>
<term>Genus</term>
<term>Geological society</term>
<term>Gillian king</term>
<term>Groove</term>
<term>Haughton</term>
<term>Hdicynodon</term>
<term>Herbivore</term>
<term>Herbivorous</term>
<term>Higher dicynodonts</term>
<term>Hopson</term>
<term>Horny</term>
<term>Hotton</term>
<term>Infraorder dicynodontia</term>
<term>Inner side</term>
<term>Inner surface</term>
<term>Insertion</term>
<term>Internal narial space</term>
<term>Interpterygoid vacuity</term>
<term>Kannemeyeria</term>
<term>Karoo</term>
<term>Karoo basin</term>
<term>Keyser</term>
<term>Keyser cruickshank</term>
<term>King cluver</term>
<term>King rubidge</term>
<term>Kingoria</term>
<term>Large number</term>
<term>Late permian</term>
<term>Lateral</term>
<term>Lateral dentary groove</term>
<term>Lateral surface</term>
<term>Lateral view</term>
<term>Laterally</term>
<term>Linnean society</term>
<term>Lower jaws</term>
<term>Lower teeth</term>
<term>Lystrosaurus</term>
<term>Mandibular</term>
<term>Mandibular fenestra</term>
<term>Maxilla</term>
<term>Medial</term>
<term>Medially</term>
<term>Median</term>
<term>More medially</term>
<term>Morphology</term>
<term>Mouth cavity</term>
<term>Muscle insertion</term>
<term>Musculature</term>
<term>Myosaurus</term>
<term>Nasionale museum bloemfontein</term>
<term>National museum</term>
<term>Nmqr</term>
<term>Node</term>
<term>Ofthe</term>
<term>Other specimens</term>
<term>Palaeontologia africana</term>
<term>Palatal</term>
<term>Palatal grooves</term>
<term>Palatal notch</term>
<term>Palatal pads</term>
<term>Palatal ridge</term>
<term>Palatal surface</term>
<term>Palate</term>
<term>Palatine</term>
<term>Palatine pads</term>
<term>Patranomodon</term>
<term>Permian</term>
<term>Posterior</term>
<term>Posterior palatal grooves</term>
<term>Posterior part</term>
<term>Posterior premaxillary ridge</term>
<term>Posteriorly</term>
<term>Posterolaterally</term>
<term>Posteromedial</term>
<term>Premaxilla</term>
<term>Premaxillary</term>
<term>Pristerodon</term>
<term>Prodicynodon</term>
<term>Pterygoid</term>
<term>Quadrate</term>
<term>Ramus</term>
<term>Recess</term>
<term>Reptile</term>
<term>Reptilia</term>
<term>Reptilian</term>
<term>Robertia</term>
<term>Robertoids</term>
<term>Roger smith</term>
<term>Royal society</term>
<term>Rubidge</term>
<term>Rubidge hopson</term>
<term>Secondary palate</term>
<term>Sister group</term>
<term>Skull</term>
<term>Skull length</term>
<term>Small teeth</term>
<term>Snout</term>
<term>Southern africa</term>
<term>Squamosal</term>
<term>Suborbital bars</term>
<term>Superfamily</term>
<term>Synapsid</term>
<term>Synapsid genera</term>
<term>Tapinocephalus assemblage zone</term>
<term>Therapsida</term>
<term>Tmpidostoma</term>
<term>Transvaal museum</term>
<term>Triassic</term>
<term>Triassic dicynodonts</term>
<term>Tropidostoma</term>
<term>Tusk</term>
<term>University museum</term>
<term>Upper teeth</term>
<term>Ventral</term>
<term>Ventral surface</term>
<term>Ventral view</term>
<term>Ventrally</term>
<term>Vertebrate</term>
<term>Zoological journal</term>
<term>Zygomatic arch</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="Wicri" type="topic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Reptile</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
<langUsage><language ident="en">en</language>
</langUsage>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Abstract: The structure and functioning of the dicynodont jaw system are described. A pivoting action of the lower jaw around the palate posteromedian to the caniniform processes is as basic to the jaw movement as is the well-known double-convex jaw articulation. The sequence of origin of the characteristic features of the dicynodonts is analysed cladistically; this demonstrates the patterns of association of these characters into functional character-complexes. The structures of the palate and lower jaw, and their functional integration in feeding, are described and illustrated in standard format. Five different lineages of dicynodont can be identified:Eodicynodon;the robertoids (includingDiictodon); the dicynodontoids (includingDicynodonand the majority of the large dicynodont genera of the Permian and Triassic); the endothiodontoids (includingProdicynodon [=‘Chelydontops’]andPristerodon), and the emydopoids (includingCistecephalus, MyosaurusandKingoria).Eodicynodonor a similar form could have been ancestral to the other four lineages. The robertoids probably fed upon the stems and rhizomes of equisetaleans, while the varied dicynodontoids probably fed upon the varied glossopterid seed-ferns. The endothiodontoids, too, were probably herbivorous, but many, perhaps all, of the small emydopoids were burrowing and may have been omnivorous. The dicynodonts were probably ectothermal, and the dicynodontoids may have migrated to warmer latitudes in the winter. Onlyc. 20 genera of Karoo dicynodont are now recognized as valid, and it is suggested that this fauna is now almost completely known. Their distribution in the Karoo biozones is reviewed and correlated with environmental changes. The Permian ancestors of the Triassic dicynodonts, includingLystrosaurus, probably lived on higher, drier ground, and were therefore already adapted to the more fibrous food that spread into the basins as the climate became drier in the Triassic.</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<affiliations><list></list>
<tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Cox, C Barry" sort="Cox, C Barry" uniqKey="Cox C" first="C. Barry" last="Cox">C. Barry Cox</name>
</noCountry>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>
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