The creation of new words
Identifieur interne : 004F90 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 004F89; suivant : 004F91The creation of new words
Auteurs : John Haiman [États-Unis]Source :
- Linguistics [ 0024-3949 ] ; 2010-05.
Descripteurs français
- Wicri :
- topic : étude comparative, Linguistique.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Alliterating, Amsterdam philadelphia, Anybody move, Auwera, Base word, Berg, Bernard comrie, Blue suede shoes, Bulgarian, Cambridge university press, Century english, Chicago press, Chomskyan, Clause structure, Comparative study, Conventional khmer, Decorative compound, Decorative symmetry, Decorative word, Elizabethan english, Emphatic sentences, English language, Exaptation, Grammatical categories, Grammaticalization, Group compound, Haiman, Idiomatic expression, Imperative, Independent meaning, Independent words, Iroquoian linguistics, John benjamins, John noeurng ourn, Keat, Khmer, Khmer examples, Language change, Language variation, Larry horn, Lass, Linguistic structures, Linguistics, Macalester college, Many languages, Many servant words, Matthew dryer, Modern english, Morpheme, Native speakers, Negation, Negative imperatives, Noeurng, Noeurng john haiman, Noeurng ourn, Original meaning, Other hand, Other languages, Ourn, Oxford university press, Periphrastic, Periphrastic verbs, Phnom penh, Phonetic, Phonetic material, Piak kunloah, Positive imperatives, Procrustean adaptation, Prohibitive, Prohibitive negation, Raukheunj raukhonj, Romance languages, Sadock, Schmerling, Second element, Semantic contribution, Semantic erosion, Servant word, Servant words, Seventeenth century, Sound change, State coherence, Stephanie farmer, Such forms, Suede, Susan schmerling, Symmetrical, Symmetrical compounds, Synonym, Synonym compound, Syntactic, Syntactic description, Syntactic independence, Syntactic structures, Tania kuteva, Timothy shopen, Typological studies, Unpublished manuscript, Veasna keat, Verb, Verbal game, Warner, World atlas, Zwicky.
- Teeft :
- Alliterating, Amsterdam philadelphia, Anybody move, Auwera, Base word, Berg, Bernard comrie, Blue suede shoes, Bulgarian, Cambridge university press, Century english, Chicago press, Chomskyan, Clause structure, Comparative study, Conventional khmer, Decorative compound, Decorative symmetry, Decorative word, Elizabethan english, Emphatic sentences, English language, Exaptation, Grammatical categories, Grammaticalization, Group compound, Haiman, Idiomatic expression, Imperative, Independent meaning, Independent words, Iroquoian linguistics, John benjamins, John noeurng ourn, Keat, Khmer, Khmer examples, Language change, Language variation, Larry horn, Lass, Linguistic structures, Linguistics, Macalester college, Many languages, Many servant words, Matthew dryer, Modern english, Morpheme, Native speakers, Negation, Negative imperatives, Noeurng, Noeurng john haiman, Noeurng ourn, Original meaning, Other hand, Other languages, Ourn, Oxford university press, Periphrastic, Periphrastic verbs, Phnom penh, Phonetic, Phonetic material, Piak kunloah, Positive imperatives, Procrustean adaptation, Prohibitive, Prohibitive negation, Raukheunj raukhonj, Romance languages, Sadock, Schmerling, Second element, Semantic contribution, Semantic erosion, Servant word, Servant words, Seventeenth century, Sound change, State coherence, Stephanie farmer, Such forms, Suede, Susan schmerling, Symmetrical, Symmetrical compounds, Synonym, Synonym compound, Syntactic, Syntactic description, Syntactic independence, Syntactic structures, Tania kuteva, Timothy shopen, Typological studies, Unpublished manuscript, Veasna keat, Verb, Verbal game, Warner, World atlas, Zwicky.
Abstract
Exaptation (Lass, Journal of Linguistics 26: 79–102, 1990) is the recycling of meaningless linguistic “junk”, which may be recycled to create entirely new words. Two cases are examined here: There are two auxiliary verbs do in modern English. The first (Chomskyan do) has the distribution that is famously outlined in Syntactic structures. The second, a homophonous auxiliary, occurs in (negative) imperatives, and was completely indistinguishable from the other periphrastic auxiliary in Elizabethan English. It is subject to very different constraints. The result is that English now has a prohibitive, as well as a declarative negative. Khmer has an enormous number of alliterating near-synonyms which differ only in one or two segments (the coda, or the entire rhyme) of the stressed final syllable. It is possible that many of these arose as (nearly?) meaningless “servant words” that accompanied an original root in symmetrical compounds. Examples of this sort may call into question two dogmas of functional linguistics: that grammaticalization is irreversible, and the widely shared view that erosion is the only productive process of linguistic change.
Url:
DOI: 10.1515/ling.2010.017
Affiliations:
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
- to stream Istex, to step Corpus: 001184
- to stream Istex, to step Curation: 001184
- to stream Istex, to step Checkpoint: 001A92
- to stream Main, to step Merge: 005031
- to stream Main, to step Curation: 004F90
Le document en format XML
<record><TEI wicri:istexFullTextTei="biblStruct"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">The creation of new words</title>
<author wicri:is="90%"><name sortKey="Haiman, John" sort="Haiman, John" uniqKey="Haiman J" first="John" last="Haiman">John Haiman</name>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno>
<idno type="RBID">ISTEX:246B452ED48822D5464BB1D067496A047AEE3573</idno>
<date when="2010" year="2010">2010</date>
<idno type="doi">10.1515/ling.2010.017</idno>
<idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/246B452ED48822D5464BB1D067496A047AEE3573/fulltext/pdf</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">001184</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">001184</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Curation">001184</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Checkpoint">001A92</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Checkpoint">001A92</idno>
<idno type="wicri:doubleKey">0024-3949:2010:Haiman J:the:creation:of</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">005031</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">004F90</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">004F90</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">The creation of new words</title>
<author wicri:is="90%"><name sortKey="Haiman, John" sort="Haiman, John" uniqKey="Haiman J" first="John" last="Haiman">John Haiman</name>
<affiliation></affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<monogr></monogr>
<series><title level="j">Linguistics</title>
<title level="j" type="abbrev">Linguistics</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0024-3949</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1613-396X</idno>
<imprint><publisher>Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG</publisher>
<date type="published" when="2010-05">2010-05</date>
<biblScope unit="volume">48</biblScope>
<biblScope unit="issue">3</biblScope>
<biblScope unit="page" from="547">547</biblScope>
<biblScope unit="page" to="572">572</biblScope>
</imprint>
<idno type="ISSN">0024-3949</idno>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
<seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0024-3949</idno>
</seriesStmt>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Alliterating</term>
<term>Amsterdam philadelphia</term>
<term>Anybody move</term>
<term>Auwera</term>
<term>Base word</term>
<term>Berg</term>
<term>Bernard comrie</term>
<term>Blue suede shoes</term>
<term>Bulgarian</term>
<term>Cambridge university press</term>
<term>Century english</term>
<term>Chicago press</term>
<term>Chomskyan</term>
<term>Clause structure</term>
<term>Comparative study</term>
<term>Conventional khmer</term>
<term>Decorative compound</term>
<term>Decorative symmetry</term>
<term>Decorative word</term>
<term>Elizabethan english</term>
<term>Emphatic sentences</term>
<term>English language</term>
<term>Exaptation</term>
<term>Grammatical categories</term>
<term>Grammaticalization</term>
<term>Group compound</term>
<term>Haiman</term>
<term>Idiomatic expression</term>
<term>Imperative</term>
<term>Independent meaning</term>
<term>Independent words</term>
<term>Iroquoian linguistics</term>
<term>John benjamins</term>
<term>John noeurng ourn</term>
<term>Keat</term>
<term>Khmer</term>
<term>Khmer examples</term>
<term>Language change</term>
<term>Language variation</term>
<term>Larry horn</term>
<term>Lass</term>
<term>Linguistic structures</term>
<term>Linguistics</term>
<term>Macalester college</term>
<term>Many languages</term>
<term>Many servant words</term>
<term>Matthew dryer</term>
<term>Modern english</term>
<term>Morpheme</term>
<term>Native speakers</term>
<term>Negation</term>
<term>Negative imperatives</term>
<term>Noeurng</term>
<term>Noeurng john haiman</term>
<term>Noeurng ourn</term>
<term>Original meaning</term>
<term>Other hand</term>
<term>Other languages</term>
<term>Ourn</term>
<term>Oxford university press</term>
<term>Periphrastic</term>
<term>Periphrastic verbs</term>
<term>Phnom penh</term>
<term>Phonetic</term>
<term>Phonetic material</term>
<term>Piak kunloah</term>
<term>Positive imperatives</term>
<term>Procrustean adaptation</term>
<term>Prohibitive</term>
<term>Prohibitive negation</term>
<term>Raukheunj raukhonj</term>
<term>Romance languages</term>
<term>Sadock</term>
<term>Schmerling</term>
<term>Second element</term>
<term>Semantic contribution</term>
<term>Semantic erosion</term>
<term>Servant word</term>
<term>Servant words</term>
<term>Seventeenth century</term>
<term>Sound change</term>
<term>State coherence</term>
<term>Stephanie farmer</term>
<term>Such forms</term>
<term>Suede</term>
<term>Susan schmerling</term>
<term>Symmetrical</term>
<term>Symmetrical compounds</term>
<term>Synonym</term>
<term>Synonym compound</term>
<term>Syntactic</term>
<term>Syntactic description</term>
<term>Syntactic independence</term>
<term>Syntactic structures</term>
<term>Tania kuteva</term>
<term>Timothy shopen</term>
<term>Typological studies</term>
<term>Unpublished manuscript</term>
<term>Veasna keat</term>
<term>Verb</term>
<term>Verbal game</term>
<term>Warner</term>
<term>World atlas</term>
<term>Zwicky</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en"><term>Alliterating</term>
<term>Amsterdam philadelphia</term>
<term>Anybody move</term>
<term>Auwera</term>
<term>Base word</term>
<term>Berg</term>
<term>Bernard comrie</term>
<term>Blue suede shoes</term>
<term>Bulgarian</term>
<term>Cambridge university press</term>
<term>Century english</term>
<term>Chicago press</term>
<term>Chomskyan</term>
<term>Clause structure</term>
<term>Comparative study</term>
<term>Conventional khmer</term>
<term>Decorative compound</term>
<term>Decorative symmetry</term>
<term>Decorative word</term>
<term>Elizabethan english</term>
<term>Emphatic sentences</term>
<term>English language</term>
<term>Exaptation</term>
<term>Grammatical categories</term>
<term>Grammaticalization</term>
<term>Group compound</term>
<term>Haiman</term>
<term>Idiomatic expression</term>
<term>Imperative</term>
<term>Independent meaning</term>
<term>Independent words</term>
<term>Iroquoian linguistics</term>
<term>John benjamins</term>
<term>John noeurng ourn</term>
<term>Keat</term>
<term>Khmer</term>
<term>Khmer examples</term>
<term>Language change</term>
<term>Language variation</term>
<term>Larry horn</term>
<term>Lass</term>
<term>Linguistic structures</term>
<term>Linguistics</term>
<term>Macalester college</term>
<term>Many languages</term>
<term>Many servant words</term>
<term>Matthew dryer</term>
<term>Modern english</term>
<term>Morpheme</term>
<term>Native speakers</term>
<term>Negation</term>
<term>Negative imperatives</term>
<term>Noeurng</term>
<term>Noeurng john haiman</term>
<term>Noeurng ourn</term>
<term>Original meaning</term>
<term>Other hand</term>
<term>Other languages</term>
<term>Ourn</term>
<term>Oxford university press</term>
<term>Periphrastic</term>
<term>Periphrastic verbs</term>
<term>Phnom penh</term>
<term>Phonetic</term>
<term>Phonetic material</term>
<term>Piak kunloah</term>
<term>Positive imperatives</term>
<term>Procrustean adaptation</term>
<term>Prohibitive</term>
<term>Prohibitive negation</term>
<term>Raukheunj raukhonj</term>
<term>Romance languages</term>
<term>Sadock</term>
<term>Schmerling</term>
<term>Second element</term>
<term>Semantic contribution</term>
<term>Semantic erosion</term>
<term>Servant word</term>
<term>Servant words</term>
<term>Seventeenth century</term>
<term>Sound change</term>
<term>State coherence</term>
<term>Stephanie farmer</term>
<term>Such forms</term>
<term>Suede</term>
<term>Susan schmerling</term>
<term>Symmetrical</term>
<term>Symmetrical compounds</term>
<term>Synonym</term>
<term>Synonym compound</term>
<term>Syntactic</term>
<term>Syntactic description</term>
<term>Syntactic independence</term>
<term>Syntactic structures</term>
<term>Tania kuteva</term>
<term>Timothy shopen</term>
<term>Typological studies</term>
<term>Unpublished manuscript</term>
<term>Veasna keat</term>
<term>Verb</term>
<term>Verbal game</term>
<term>Warner</term>
<term>World atlas</term>
<term>Zwicky</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="Wicri" type="topic" xml:lang="fr"><term>étude comparative</term>
<term>Linguistique</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
<langUsage><language ident="en">en</language>
</langUsage>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Exaptation (Lass, Journal of Linguistics 26: 79–102, 1990) is the recycling of meaningless linguistic “junk”, which may be recycled to create entirely new words. Two cases are examined here: There are two auxiliary verbs do in modern English. The first (Chomskyan do) has the distribution that is famously outlined in Syntactic structures. The second, a homophonous auxiliary, occurs in (negative) imperatives, and was completely indistinguishable from the other periphrastic auxiliary in Elizabethan English. It is subject to very different constraints. The result is that English now has a prohibitive, as well as a declarative negative. Khmer has an enormous number of alliterating near-synonyms which differ only in one or two segments (the coda, or the entire rhyme) of the stressed final syllable. It is possible that many of these arose as (nearly?) meaningless “servant words” that accompanied an original root in symmetrical compounds. Examples of this sort may call into question two dogmas of functional linguistics: that grammaticalization is irreversible, and the widely shared view that erosion is the only productive process of linguistic change.</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<affiliations><list><country><li>États-Unis</li>
</country>
</list>
<tree><country name="États-Unis"><noRegion><name sortKey="Haiman, John" sort="Haiman, John" uniqKey="Haiman J" first="John" last="Haiman">John Haiman</name>
</noRegion>
</country>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>
Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Wicri/Santé/explor/EdenteV2/Data/Main/Exploration
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 004F90 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd -nk 004F90 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien |wiki= Wicri/Santé |area= EdenteV2 |flux= Main |étape= Exploration |type= RBID |clé= ISTEX:246B452ED48822D5464BB1D067496A047AEE3573 |texte= The creation of new words }}
This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.32. |