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Styracopterid (Actinopterygii) ontogeny and the multiple origins of post‐Hangenberg deep‐bodied fishes

Identifieur interne : 002880 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 002879; suivant : 002881

Styracopterid (Actinopterygii) ontogeny and the multiple origins of post‐Hangenberg deep‐bodied fishes

Auteurs : Lauren Cole Sallan [États-Unis] ; Michael I. Coates [États-Unis]

Source :

RBID : ISTEX:C4FFF765A20798E1E9F03B7E6B7B417C5C27B980

Descripteurs français

English descriptors

Abstract

The Carboniferous fish family Styracopteridae (Actinopterygii) originated as part of the initial radiation of ray‐finned fishes following the end‐Devonian Hangenberg extinction. Specimens of Styracopterus fulcratus (Traquair, 1890) have been collected from post‐extinction Tournaisian and Visean Scottish sediments for over 100 years, including sites containing some of the earliest ‘Romer's Gap’ tetrapods. Re‐examination of this supposedly long‐lived, static species has revealed two genera, Styracopterus and Fouldenia White, 1927, divergent from each other and previous descriptions. Here, we show that styracopterids are among the earliest actinopterygians with durophagous dentition and toothplates, the latter likely to have derived from the ectopterygoids and coronoids. On the basis of this and other traits, such as the presence of an enameloid ‘beak’, the fusiform styracopterids are linked to some, but not all, the deep‐bodied actinopterygians previously placed in the suborder Platysomoidei. A new plesion, Eurynotiformes, is erected to contain the styracopterids, the deeply fusiform Eurynotus and the widespread Amphicentrum, among other laterally compressed fishes. This implies that platysomoids are polyphyletic: deep‐bodied and/or durophagous fishes evolved multiple times following the Hangenberg event. Reconstructed styracopterid growth series show that trunk depth increased during maturation, mirroring the shape variation observed among the Eurynotiformes. Other ontogenetic changes involve fin‐ray differentiation, jaw form, dermal bone ornamentation, and scale morphology; all of these are widely used as actinopterygian diagnostic characters. Further investigation of Eurynotiformes should reveal the extent of evolutionary and ontogenetic change within the earliest actinopterygian radiation, and are likely to rewrite their phylogeny. © 2013 The Linnean Society of London

Url:
DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12054


Affiliations:


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<term>Actinopterygian</term>
<term>Actinopterygians</term>
<term>Actinopterygii</term>
<term>Adroichthys</term>
<term>Aesopichthys</term>
<term>Agassiz</term>
<term>Amphicentrum</term>
<term>Anal</term>
<term>Anterior</term>
<term>Anterior half</term>
<term>Anterior margin</term>
<term>Anterior portion</term>
<term>Anterior ramus</term>
<term>Anteriorly</term>
<term>Anteroventral</term>
<term>Anteroventral process</term>
<term>Appendix</term>
<term>Arratia</term>
<term>Axial</term>
<term>Axial lobe</term>
<term>Bader</term>
<term>Basal</term>
<term>Basal fulcra</term>
<term>Belgique</term>
<term>Benedenius</term>
<term>Body depth</term>
<term>Body size</term>
<term>Boulenger</term>
<term>Bradley</term>
<term>Bradley dyne</term>
<term>Branchiostegals</term>
<term>Calciferous sandstone series</term>
<term>Canobius</term>
<term>Carboniferous</term>
<term>Caudal</term>
<term>Caudal peduncle</term>
<term>Cementstone group</term>
<term>Cheirodopsis</term>
<term>Clade</term>
<term>Clavicle</term>
<term>Cleithrum</term>
<term>Cloutier</term>
<term>Coates</term>
<term>Coates figure</term>
<term>Dentary</term>
<term>Denticle</term>
<term>Dentition</term>
<term>Dermal</term>
<term>Dermal bones</term>
<term>Dermopterotic</term>
<term>Dermosphenotic</term>
<term>Devonian</term>
<term>Diagnostic traits</term>
<term>Dineley</term>
<term>Dineley metcalfe</term>
<term>Distally</term>
<term>Dorsal</term>
<term>Dorsal ridge scales</term>
<term>Durophagous</term>
<term>Dyne</term>
<term>Early actinopterygian skulls</term>
<term>Early actinopterygians</term>
<term>Early carboniferous styracopterid fishes</term>
<term>Early visean</term>
<term>Edentulous</term>
<term>Edinburgh</term>
<term>Eld</term>
<term>Emended</term>
<term>Enameloid</term>
<term>Epichordal</term>
<term>Eurynotiform</term>
<term>Eurynotiformes</term>
<term>Eurynotiforms</term>
<term>Eurynotus</term>
<term>Extrascapulars</term>
<term>Family styracopteridae</term>
<term>Fauna</term>
<term>Fossil</term>
<term>Foulden</term>
<term>Fouldenia</term>
<term>Fraipont</term>
<term>Frederichthys</term>
<term>Friedman</term>
<term>Fringing</term>
<term>Fringing fulcra</term>
<term>Frontal</term>
<term>Fulcral</term>
<term>Fulcratus</term>
<term>Fulcrum</term>
<term>Fusiform</term>
<term>Ganoine</term>
<term>Gape</term>
<term>Gardiner</term>
<term>Gardiner schaeffer</term>
<term>Genus</term>
<term>Geological survey</term>
<term>Glahm</term>
<term>Glencartholm</term>
<term>Gular</term>
<term>Gulch</term>
<term>Holotype</term>
<term>Holurus</term>
<term>Hyomandibula</term>
<term>Interpretative drawings</term>
<term>Ischipterus</term>
<term>Lachrymal</term>
<term>Larger individuals</term>
<term>Larger specimens</term>
<term>Largest individuals</term>
<term>Largest specimens</term>
<term>Lateral</term>
<term>Lateral line</term>
<term>Lateral view</term>
<term>Laterally</term>
<term>Lepidotrichia</term>
<term>Linear ornament</term>
<term>Linnean</term>
<term>Linnean society</term>
<term>Lobe</term>
<term>Longitudinal</term>
<term>Lower carboniferous</term>
<term>Lund</term>
<term>Mandible</term>
<term>Mandibular</term>
<term>Margin</term>
<term>Maxilla</term>
<term>Maxillary</term>
<term>Maxillary teeth</term>
<term>Median</term>
<term>Mesial</term>
<term>Mesial surface</term>
<term>Mesolepis</term>
<term>Mesopoma</term>
<term>Metcalfe</term>
<term>Mickle</term>
<term>Mickle bader</term>
<term>Midline</term>
<term>Midpoint</term>
<term>Midsize</term>
<term>Mississippian</term>
<term>Mississippian subsystem</term>
<term>Morphology</term>
<term>Natural history</term>
<term>Observ</term>
<term>Ontogenetic</term>
<term>Ontogenetic change</term>
<term>Ontogeny</term>
<term>Opercular</term>
<term>Opercular series</term>
<term>Operculum</term>
<term>Ornament</term>
<term>Ornamentation</term>
<term>Other ornament</term>
<term>Other traits</term>
<term>Ovoid</term>
<term>Palaeozoic</term>
<term>Palaeozoic actinopterygians</term>
<term>Palatal</term>
<term>Paleontology</term>
<term>Paramesolepis</term>
<term>Paramesolepis bradley dyne</term>
<term>Parasphenoid</term>
<term>Parietals</term>
<term>Pectoral</term>
<term>Peduncle</term>
<term>Pelvic</term>
<term>Pers</term>
<term>Phanerosteon</term>
<term>Phanerosteon ovensi</term>
<term>Platysomidae</term>
<term>Platysomids</term>
<term>Platysomoidea</term>
<term>Platysomoids</term>
<term>Platysomus</term>
<term>Poplin</term>
<term>Poplin lund</term>
<term>Posterior</term>
<term>Posterior expansion</term>
<term>Posterior half</term>
<term>Posterior margin</term>
<term>Posterior portion</term>
<term>Posteriorly</term>
<term>Premaxilla</term>
<term>Preoperculum</term>
<term>Ramus</term>
<term>Rhomboid</term>
<term>Ridge scales</term>
<term>Robust</term>
<term>Rostral</term>
<term>Royal society</term>
<term>Sallan</term>
<term>Sallan coates</term>
<term>Sallan friedman</term>
<term>Schaeffer</term>
<term>Shes</term>
<term>Shoulder girdle</term>
<term>Sigmoidal</term>
<term>Size classes</term>
<term>Skull</term>
<term>Skull material</term>
<term>Skull roof</term>
<term>Smaller specimens</term>
<term>Smallest specimens</term>
<term>Smithson</term>
<term>Smooth ganoine</term>
<term>Snout</term>
<term>Squamation</term>
<term>Striation</term>
<term>Styracopterid</term>
<term>Styracopteridae</term>
<term>Styracopterids</term>
<term>Styracopterus</term>
<term>Styracopterus fulcratus</term>
<term>Styracopterus ischipterus</term>
<term>Styracopterus pers</term>
<term>Styracopterus specimen</term>
<term>Styracopterus traquair</term>
<term>Suboperculum</term>
<term>Supracleithrum</term>
<term>Supraorbital canal</term>
<term>Suspensorium</term>
<term>Symplesiomorphic</term>
<term>Tarras waterfoot</term>
<term>Tarrasius</term>
<term>Taxon</term>
<term>Thick ganoine</term>
<term>Thick ganoine plates</term>
<term>Tooth plates</term>
<term>Total length</term>
<term>Tournaisian</term>
<term>Trait</term>
<term>Traquair</term>
<term>Triangular maxilla</term>
<term>Unlabelled</term>
<term>Unlabelled scale bars</term>
<term>Ventral</term>
<term>Ventral margin</term>
<term>Ventral ridge scales</term>
<term>Ventrally</term>
<term>Vertebrate</term>
<term>Vertebrate paleontology</term>
<term>Visean</term>
<term>Wardichthys</term>
<term>Zoological</term>
<term>Zoological journal</term>
<term>Zoological society</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en">
<term>Actinopterygian</term>
<term>Actinopterygians</term>
<term>Actinopterygii</term>
<term>Adroichthys</term>
<term>Aesopichthys</term>
<term>Agassiz</term>
<term>Amphicentrum</term>
<term>Anal</term>
<term>Anterior</term>
<term>Anterior half</term>
<term>Anterior margin</term>
<term>Anterior portion</term>
<term>Anterior ramus</term>
<term>Anteriorly</term>
<term>Anteroventral</term>
<term>Anteroventral process</term>
<term>Appendix</term>
<term>Arratia</term>
<term>Axial</term>
<term>Axial lobe</term>
<term>Bader</term>
<term>Basal</term>
<term>Basal fulcra</term>
<term>Belgique</term>
<term>Benedenius</term>
<term>Body depth</term>
<term>Body size</term>
<term>Boulenger</term>
<term>Bradley</term>
<term>Bradley dyne</term>
<term>Branchiostegals</term>
<term>Calciferous sandstone series</term>
<term>Canobius</term>
<term>Carboniferous</term>
<term>Caudal</term>
<term>Caudal peduncle</term>
<term>Cementstone group</term>
<term>Cheirodopsis</term>
<term>Clade</term>
<term>Clavicle</term>
<term>Cleithrum</term>
<term>Cloutier</term>
<term>Coates</term>
<term>Coates figure</term>
<term>Dentary</term>
<term>Denticle</term>
<term>Dentition</term>
<term>Dermal</term>
<term>Dermal bones</term>
<term>Dermopterotic</term>
<term>Dermosphenotic</term>
<term>Devonian</term>
<term>Diagnostic traits</term>
<term>Dineley</term>
<term>Dineley metcalfe</term>
<term>Distally</term>
<term>Dorsal</term>
<term>Dorsal ridge scales</term>
<term>Durophagous</term>
<term>Dyne</term>
<term>Early actinopterygian skulls</term>
<term>Early actinopterygians</term>
<term>Early carboniferous styracopterid fishes</term>
<term>Early visean</term>
<term>Edentulous</term>
<term>Edinburgh</term>
<term>Eld</term>
<term>Emended</term>
<term>Enameloid</term>
<term>Epichordal</term>
<term>Eurynotiform</term>
<term>Eurynotiformes</term>
<term>Eurynotiforms</term>
<term>Eurynotus</term>
<term>Extrascapulars</term>
<term>Family styracopteridae</term>
<term>Fauna</term>
<term>Fossil</term>
<term>Foulden</term>
<term>Fouldenia</term>
<term>Fraipont</term>
<term>Frederichthys</term>
<term>Friedman</term>
<term>Fringing</term>
<term>Fringing fulcra</term>
<term>Frontal</term>
<term>Fulcral</term>
<term>Fulcratus</term>
<term>Fulcrum</term>
<term>Fusiform</term>
<term>Ganoine</term>
<term>Gape</term>
<term>Gardiner</term>
<term>Gardiner schaeffer</term>
<term>Genus</term>
<term>Geological survey</term>
<term>Glahm</term>
<term>Glencartholm</term>
<term>Gular</term>
<term>Gulch</term>
<term>Holotype</term>
<term>Holurus</term>
<term>Hyomandibula</term>
<term>Interpretative drawings</term>
<term>Ischipterus</term>
<term>Lachrymal</term>
<term>Larger individuals</term>
<term>Larger specimens</term>
<term>Largest individuals</term>
<term>Largest specimens</term>
<term>Lateral</term>
<term>Lateral line</term>
<term>Lateral view</term>
<term>Laterally</term>
<term>Lepidotrichia</term>
<term>Linear ornament</term>
<term>Linnean</term>
<term>Linnean society</term>
<term>Lobe</term>
<term>Longitudinal</term>
<term>Lower carboniferous</term>
<term>Lund</term>
<term>Mandible</term>
<term>Mandibular</term>
<term>Margin</term>
<term>Maxilla</term>
<term>Maxillary</term>
<term>Maxillary teeth</term>
<term>Median</term>
<term>Mesial</term>
<term>Mesial surface</term>
<term>Mesolepis</term>
<term>Mesopoma</term>
<term>Metcalfe</term>
<term>Mickle</term>
<term>Mickle bader</term>
<term>Midline</term>
<term>Midpoint</term>
<term>Midsize</term>
<term>Mississippian</term>
<term>Mississippian subsystem</term>
<term>Morphology</term>
<term>Natural history</term>
<term>Observ</term>
<term>Ontogenetic</term>
<term>Ontogenetic change</term>
<term>Ontogeny</term>
<term>Opercular</term>
<term>Opercular series</term>
<term>Operculum</term>
<term>Ornament</term>
<term>Ornamentation</term>
<term>Other ornament</term>
<term>Other traits</term>
<term>Ovoid</term>
<term>Palaeozoic</term>
<term>Palaeozoic actinopterygians</term>
<term>Palatal</term>
<term>Paleontology</term>
<term>Paramesolepis</term>
<term>Paramesolepis bradley dyne</term>
<term>Parasphenoid</term>
<term>Parietals</term>
<term>Pectoral</term>
<term>Peduncle</term>
<term>Pelvic</term>
<term>Pers</term>
<term>Phanerosteon</term>
<term>Phanerosteon ovensi</term>
<term>Platysomidae</term>
<term>Platysomids</term>
<term>Platysomoidea</term>
<term>Platysomoids</term>
<term>Platysomus</term>
<term>Poplin</term>
<term>Poplin lund</term>
<term>Posterior</term>
<term>Posterior expansion</term>
<term>Posterior half</term>
<term>Posterior margin</term>
<term>Posterior portion</term>
<term>Posteriorly</term>
<term>Premaxilla</term>
<term>Preoperculum</term>
<term>Ramus</term>
<term>Rhomboid</term>
<term>Ridge scales</term>
<term>Robust</term>
<term>Rostral</term>
<term>Royal society</term>
<term>Sallan</term>
<term>Sallan coates</term>
<term>Sallan friedman</term>
<term>Schaeffer</term>
<term>Shes</term>
<term>Shoulder girdle</term>
<term>Sigmoidal</term>
<term>Size classes</term>
<term>Skull</term>
<term>Skull material</term>
<term>Skull roof</term>
<term>Smaller specimens</term>
<term>Smallest specimens</term>
<term>Smithson</term>
<term>Smooth ganoine</term>
<term>Snout</term>
<term>Squamation</term>
<term>Striation</term>
<term>Styracopterid</term>
<term>Styracopteridae</term>
<term>Styracopterids</term>
<term>Styracopterus</term>
<term>Styracopterus fulcratus</term>
<term>Styracopterus ischipterus</term>
<term>Styracopterus pers</term>
<term>Styracopterus specimen</term>
<term>Styracopterus traquair</term>
<term>Suboperculum</term>
<term>Supracleithrum</term>
<term>Supraorbital canal</term>
<term>Suspensorium</term>
<term>Symplesiomorphic</term>
<term>Tarras waterfoot</term>
<term>Tarrasius</term>
<term>Taxon</term>
<term>Thick ganoine</term>
<term>Thick ganoine plates</term>
<term>Tooth plates</term>
<term>Total length</term>
<term>Tournaisian</term>
<term>Trait</term>
<term>Traquair</term>
<term>Triangular maxilla</term>
<term>Unlabelled</term>
<term>Unlabelled scale bars</term>
<term>Ventral</term>
<term>Ventral margin</term>
<term>Ventral ridge scales</term>
<term>Ventrally</term>
<term>Vertebrate</term>
<term>Vertebrate paleontology</term>
<term>Visean</term>
<term>Wardichthys</term>
<term>Zoological</term>
<term>Zoological journal</term>
<term>Zoological society</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="Wicri" type="geographic" xml:lang="fr">
<term>Belgique</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front>
<div type="abstract">The Carboniferous fish family Styracopteridae (Actinopterygii) originated as part of the initial radiation of ray‐finned fishes following the end‐Devonian Hangenberg extinction. Specimens of Styracopterus fulcratus (Traquair, 1890) have been collected from post‐extinction Tournaisian and Visean Scottish sediments for over 100 years, including sites containing some of the earliest ‘Romer's Gap’ tetrapods. Re‐examination of this supposedly long‐lived, static species has revealed two genera, Styracopterus and Fouldenia White, 1927, divergent from each other and previous descriptions. Here, we show that styracopterids are among the earliest actinopterygians with durophagous dentition and toothplates, the latter likely to have derived from the ectopterygoids and coronoids. On the basis of this and other traits, such as the presence of an enameloid ‘beak’, the fusiform styracopterids are linked to some, but not all, the deep‐bodied actinopterygians previously placed in the suborder Platysomoidei. A new plesion, Eurynotiformes, is erected to contain the styracopterids, the deeply fusiform Eurynotus and the widespread Amphicentrum, among other laterally compressed fishes. This implies that platysomoids are polyphyletic: deep‐bodied and/or durophagous fishes evolved multiple times following the Hangenberg event. Reconstructed styracopterid growth series show that trunk depth increased during maturation, mirroring the shape variation observed among the Eurynotiformes. Other ontogenetic changes involve fin‐ray differentiation, jaw form, dermal bone ornamentation, and scale morphology; all of these are widely used as actinopterygian diagnostic characters. Further investigation of Eurynotiformes should reveal the extent of evolutionary and ontogenetic change within the earliest actinopterygian radiation, and are likely to rewrite their phylogeny. © 2013 The Linnean Society of London</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<affiliations>
<list>
<country>
<li>États-Unis</li>
</country>
<region>
<li>Illinois</li>
<li>Michigan</li>
</region>
<settlement>
<li>Chicago</li>
</settlement>
</list>
<tree>
<country name="États-Unis">
<region name="Illinois">
<name sortKey="Sallan, Lauren Cole" sort="Sallan, Lauren Cole" uniqKey="Sallan L" first="Lauren Cole" last="Sallan">Lauren Cole Sallan</name>
</region>
<name sortKey="Coates, Michael I" sort="Coates, Michael I" uniqKey="Coates M" first="Michael I." last="Coates">Michael I. Coates</name>
<name sortKey="Coates, Michael I" sort="Coates, Michael I" uniqKey="Coates M" first="Michael I." last="Coates">Michael I. Coates</name>
<name sortKey="Sallan, Lauren Cole" sort="Sallan, Lauren Cole" uniqKey="Sallan L" first="Lauren Cole" last="Sallan">Lauren Cole Sallan</name>
<name sortKey="Sallan, Lauren Cole" sort="Sallan, Lauren Cole" uniqKey="Sallan L" first="Lauren Cole" last="Sallan">Lauren Cole Sallan</name>
<name sortKey="Sallan, Lauren Cole" sort="Sallan, Lauren Cole" uniqKey="Sallan L" first="Lauren Cole" last="Sallan">Lauren Cole Sallan</name>
</country>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>

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