Anatomical characteristics and visibility of mental foramen and accessory mental foramen: Panoramic radiography vs. cone beam CT
Identifieur interne : 001428 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001427; suivant : 001429Anatomical characteristics and visibility of mental foramen and accessory mental foramen: Panoramic radiography vs. cone beam CT
Auteurs : Juan Muinelo-Lorenzo [Espagne] ; Juan-Antonio Suárez-Quintanilla [Espagne] ; Ana Fernández-Alonso [Espagne] ; Jesús Varela-Mallou [Espagne] ; María-Mercedes Suárez-Cunqueiro [Espagne]Source :
- Medicina Oral, Patología Oral y Cirugía Bucal [ 1698-4447 ] ; 2015.
Abstract
The mental foramen (MF) is a small foramen located in the anterolateral region of the mandible through which the mental nerve and vessels emerge. The knowledge on the anatomic characteristics and variations of MF is very important in surgical procedures involving that area. The aim of this study was two-fold: firstly, to analyze the anatomic characteristics of MF and the presence of accessory mental foramen (AMF) using CBCT and, secondly, to compare the capability of CBCT and PAN in terms of MF and AMF visualization, as well as influencing factors.
A sample of 344 CBCT scans was analyzed for presence and characteristics (i.e. diameter, area, shape, exit angle) of MF and AMF. Subsequently, corresponding PANs were analyzed to ascertain whether MF and AMF were visible.
Out of the 344 patients, 344 (100%) MFs and 45 (13%) AMFs were observed on CBCT. Regarding gender, MF diameter and area, MF-MIB and MF-MSB distances, and exit angle were all significantly higher in males. Also, statistically significant differences were found in terms of age and dental status. Statistically significant differences in MF long and short diameters and MF area were found with respect to AMF presence (
PAN is not an adequate technique to properly identify MF and AMF. Diameter, shape, exit angle, and age are all factors influencing MF visualization on PAN images. For surgery involving the MF anatomical region, a preoperative radiological study with CBCT is of crucial importance to avoid complications.
Url:
DOI: 10.4317/medoral.20585
PubMed: 26449429
PubMed Central: 4670251
Affiliations:
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Anatomical characteristics and visibility of mental foramen and accessory mental foramen: Panoramic radiography vs. cone beam CT</title><author><name sortKey="Muinelo Lorenzo, Juan" sort="Muinelo Lorenzo, Juan" uniqKey="Muinelo Lorenzo J" first="Juan" last="Muinelo-Lorenzo">Juan Muinelo-Lorenzo</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A1">PhD Student, Department of Stomatology, Medicine and Dentistry School, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>PhD Student, Department of Stomatology, Medicine and Dentistry School, University of Santiago de Compostela</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Santiago de Compostela</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Galice</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Suarez Quintanilla, Juan Antonio" sort="Suarez Quintanilla, Juan Antonio" uniqKey="Suarez Quintanilla J" first="Juan-Antonio" last="Suárez-Quintanilla">Juan-Antonio Suárez-Quintanilla</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A2">Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, Medicine and Dentistry School, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, Medicine and Dentistry School, University of Santiago de Compostela</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Santiago de Compostela</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Galice</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fernandez Alonso, Ana" sort="Fernandez Alonso, Ana" uniqKey="Fernandez Alonso A" first="Ana" last="Fernández-Alonso">Ana Fernández-Alonso</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A1">PhD Student, Department of Stomatology, Medicine and Dentistry School, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>PhD Student, Department of Stomatology, Medicine and Dentistry School, University of Santiago de Compostela</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Santiago de Compostela</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Galice</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Varela Mallou, Jesus" sort="Varela Mallou, Jesus" uniqKey="Varela Mallou J" first="Jesús" last="Varela-Mallou">Jesús Varela-Mallou</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A3">Professor and Chairman. Department of Social Psychology, Basic Psychology and Methodology, Psychology School, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Professor and Chairman. Department of Social Psychology, Basic Psychology and Methodology, Psychology School, University of Santiago de Compostela</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Santiago de Compostela</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Galice</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Suarez Cunqueiro, Maria Mercedes" sort="Suarez Cunqueiro, Maria Mercedes" uniqKey="Suarez Cunqueiro M" first="María-Mercedes" last="Suárez-Cunqueiro">María-Mercedes Suárez-Cunqueiro</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A4">Associate Professor, Department of Stomatology, Medicine and Dentistry School, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Associate Professor, Department of Stomatology, Medicine and Dentistry School, University of Santiago de Compostela</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Santiago de 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type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Curation">006008</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Checkpoint">006008</idno><idno type="wicri:doubleKey">1698-4447:2015:Muinelo Lorenzo J:anatomical:characteristics:and</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">001431</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">001428</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">001428</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Anatomical characteristics and visibility of mental foramen and accessory mental foramen: Panoramic radiography vs. cone beam CT</title><author><name sortKey="Muinelo Lorenzo, Juan" sort="Muinelo Lorenzo, Juan" uniqKey="Muinelo Lorenzo J" first="Juan" last="Muinelo-Lorenzo">Juan Muinelo-Lorenzo</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A1">PhD Student, Department of Stomatology, Medicine and Dentistry School, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>PhD Student, Department of Stomatology, Medicine and Dentistry School, University of Santiago de Compostela</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Santiago de Compostela</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Galice</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Suarez Quintanilla, Juan Antonio" sort="Suarez Quintanilla, Juan Antonio" uniqKey="Suarez Quintanilla J" first="Juan-Antonio" last="Suárez-Quintanilla">Juan-Antonio Suárez-Quintanilla</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A2">Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, Medicine and Dentistry School, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, Medicine and Dentistry School, University of Santiago de Compostela</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Santiago de Compostela</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Galice</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fernandez Alonso, Ana" sort="Fernandez Alonso, Ana" uniqKey="Fernandez Alonso A" first="Ana" last="Fernández-Alonso">Ana Fernández-Alonso</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A1">PhD Student, Department of Stomatology, Medicine and Dentistry School, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>PhD Student, Department of Stomatology, Medicine and Dentistry School, University of Santiago de Compostela</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Santiago de Compostela</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Galice</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Varela Mallou, Jesus" sort="Varela Mallou, Jesus" uniqKey="Varela Mallou J" first="Jesús" last="Varela-Mallou">Jesús Varela-Mallou</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A3">Professor and Chairman. Department of Social Psychology, Basic Psychology and Methodology, Psychology School, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Professor and Chairman. Department of Social Psychology, Basic Psychology and Methodology, Psychology School, University of Santiago de Compostela</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Santiago de Compostela</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Galice</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Suarez Cunqueiro, Maria Mercedes" sort="Suarez Cunqueiro, Maria Mercedes" uniqKey="Suarez Cunqueiro M" first="María-Mercedes" last="Suárez-Cunqueiro">María-Mercedes Suárez-Cunqueiro</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A4">Associate Professor, Department of Stomatology, Medicine and Dentistry School, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Associate Professor, Department of Stomatology, Medicine and Dentistry School, University of Santiago de Compostela</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Santiago de Compostela</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Galice</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle</orgName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Medicina Oral, Patología Oral y Cirugía Bucal</title><idno type="ISSN">1698-4447</idno><idno type="eISSN">1698-6946</idno><imprint><date when="2015">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>The mental foramen (MF) is a small foramen located in the anterolateral region of the mandible through which the mental nerve and vessels emerge. The knowledge on the anatomic characteristics and variations of MF is very important in surgical procedures involving that area. The aim of this study was two-fold: firstly, to analyze the anatomic characteristics of MF and the presence of accessory mental foramen (AMF) using CBCT and, secondly, to compare the capability of CBCT and PAN in terms of MF and AMF visualization, as well as influencing factors.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and Methods</title><p>A sample of 344 CBCT scans was analyzed for presence and characteristics (i.e. diameter, area, shape, exit angle) of MF and AMF. Subsequently, corresponding PANs were analyzed to ascertain whether MF and AMF were visible.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Out of the 344 patients, 344 (100%) MFs and 45 (13%) AMFs were observed on CBCT. Regarding gender, MF diameter and area, MF-MIB and MF-MSB distances, and exit angle were all significantly higher in males. Also, statistically significant differences were found in terms of age and dental status. Statistically significant differences in MF long and short diameters and MF area were found with respect to AMF presence (<italic>p</italic>=.021, <italic>p</italic>=.008, <italic>p</italic>=.021). Only 83.87% of the MFs and 45.83% of the AMFs identified on CBCT were also visible on PANs. MF diameter, shape, exit angle, and age had a significant influence on MF visualization on PAN (B=.43, <italic>p</italic>=.005; B=-.55, <italic>p</italic>=.020; B=.20, <italic>p</italic>=.008; B=.61, <italic>p</italic>=.005).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>PAN is not an adequate technique to properly identify MF and AMF. Diameter, shape, exit angle, and age are all factors influencing MF visualization on PAN images. For surgery involving the MF anatomical region, a preoperative radiological study with CBCT is of crucial importance to avoid complications.</p><p><bold>Key words:</bold>Mental foramen, accessory mental foramen, mandibular anatomy, cone beam computed tomography, panoramic radiography.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Greenstein, G" uniqKey="Greenstein G">G Greenstein</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tarnow, D" uniqKey="Tarnow D">D Tarnow</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Toh, H" uniqKey="Toh H">H Toh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kodama, J" uniqKey="Kodama J">J Kodama</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yanagisako, M" uniqKey="Yanagisako M">M Yanagisako</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ohmori, T" uniqKey="Ohmori T">T Ohmori</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hu, Ks" uniqKey="Hu K">KS 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Nascimento</name></author><author><name sortKey="Oliveira, Ml" uniqKey="Oliveira M">ML Oliveira</name></author><author><name sortKey="Almeida, Sm" uniqKey="Almeida S">SM Almeida</name></author><author><name sortKey="B Scolo, Fn" uniqKey="B Scolo F">FN Bóscolo</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sawyer, Dr" uniqKey="Sawyer D">DR Sawyer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kiely, Ml" uniqKey="Kiely M">ML Kiely</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pyle, Ma" uniqKey="Pyle M">MA Pyle</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Naitoh, M" uniqKey="Naitoh M">M Naitoh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nakahara, K" uniqKey="Nakahara K">K Nakahara</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hiraiwa, Y" uniqKey="Hiraiwa Y">Y Hiraiwa</name></author><author><name sortKey="Aimiya, H" uniqKey="Aimiya H">H Aimiya</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gotoh, K" uniqKey="Gotoh K">K Gotoh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ariji, E" uniqKey="Ariji E">E Ariji</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Espagne</li></country><region><li>Galice</li></region><settlement><li>Santiago de Compostela</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="Espagne"><region name="Galice"><name sortKey="Muinelo Lorenzo, Juan" sort="Muinelo Lorenzo, Juan" uniqKey="Muinelo Lorenzo J" first="Juan" last="Muinelo-Lorenzo">Juan Muinelo-Lorenzo</name></region><name sortKey="Fernandez Alonso, Ana" sort="Fernandez Alonso, Ana" uniqKey="Fernandez Alonso A" first="Ana" last="Fernández-Alonso">Ana Fernández-Alonso</name><name sortKey="Suarez Cunqueiro, Maria Mercedes" sort="Suarez Cunqueiro, Maria Mercedes" uniqKey="Suarez Cunqueiro M" first="María-Mercedes" last="Suárez-Cunqueiro">María-Mercedes Suárez-Cunqueiro</name><name sortKey="Suarez Quintanilla, Juan Antonio" sort="Suarez Quintanilla, Juan Antonio" uniqKey="Suarez Quintanilla J" first="Juan-Antonio" last="Suárez-Quintanilla">Juan-Antonio Suárez-Quintanilla</name><name sortKey="Varela Mallou, Jesus" sort="Varela Mallou, Jesus" uniqKey="Varela Mallou J" first="Jesús" last="Varela-Mallou">Jesús Varela-Mallou</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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