Osteology and systematic affinities of Palaeonotopterus greenwoodi Forey 1997 (Teleostei: Osteoglossomorpha)
Identifieur interne : 008917 ( Main/Curation ); précédent : 008916; suivant : 008918Osteology and systematic affinities of Palaeonotopterus greenwoodi Forey 1997 (Teleostei: Osteoglossomorpha)
Auteurs : Lionel Cavin [France] ; Peter L. Forey [Royaume-Uni]Source :
- Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society [ 0024-4082 ] ; 2001-09.
Descripteurs français
- Wicri :
- topic : Histologie.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Academie royale, Anterior, Anterior opening, Anterior part, Anteriorly, Articular, Articular facet, Auditory, Auditory fenestra, Autosphenotic, Bane, Basioccipital, Basipterygoid process, Basisphenoid, Bicirrhosum, Bmnh, Braincase, British museum, Canal, Canal groove, Cenomanian, Cleithrum, Commissure, Coracoid, Cretaceous, Diverticulae, Diverticulum, Dixon, Dorsal, Dorsal part, Dorsal view, Elops, England plethodus expansus dixon bmnh, Epiotic, Exoccipital, Expansus, Extrascapular, Extrascapulars, Fenestra, Foramen, Forey, Forey figure, Fossa, Fossil, Greenwood, Greenwood patterson, Greenwoodi, Groove, Gymnarchus, Hetemtis, Hetemtis niloticus, Heterotis, Heterotis niloticus, Hiodon, Hiodon alosoides, Histology, Hyomandibular, Infraorbital, Infraorbital canal, Intercalar, Interpretive, Interpretive line, Intracranial, Intracranial diverticulae, Intracranial diverticulum, Jugular, Jugular canal, Jugular vein, Lamina, Lateral, Lateral face, Lateral wall, Laterally, Libycus, Linnaeus, Linnean society, Lower tooth plate, Maisey, Medial, Midline, Mormymps, Mormyroids, Mormyrops, Mormyrops anguilloides, Mormyrus, Myodome, Natural history, Natural history museum, Niloticus, Notopterid, Notopteridae, Notopterids, Notopterids mormyroids, Notopterus, Notopterus notopterus, Oblongus, Orbital artery, Osteoglossiforms, Osteoglossoids, Osteoglossomorph, Osteoglossomorpha, Osteoglossomorphs, Osteoglossum, Osteoglossum bicirrhosum, Osteologie, Other osteoglossomorphs, Otic, Otic canal, Palaeonotopterus, Palaeonotopterus greenwoodi, Palaeonotopterus greenwoodi forey, Pantodon, Papymcranus, Papyrocranus, Parasphenoid, Parasphenoid tooth plate, Parietal, Petmcephalus, Petmcephalus bane, Petrocephalus, Petrocephalus bane, Phylogenetic, Plesiomorphic, Plethodus, Plethodus expansus dixon bmnh, Posterior margin, Posterior myodome, Posterior opening, Posterior part, Posterior view, Posteriorly, Posttemporal, Posttemporal fossa, Prootic, Prootic bridge, Pterosphenoid, Pterotic, Ramus, Recent notopterids, Right side, Sagitta, Sclempages, Scleropages, Sensory canal, Sensory canals, Sensu, Shen, Shes, Shoulder girdle, Sister group, Skull, Skull roof, Supraoccipital, Supraoccipital crest, Supraorbital, Supraorbital branch, Supraorbital canal, Supraorbital canals, Supratemporal, Supratemporal commissure, Suture, Swimbladder, Synapomorphy, Systematique, Taverne, Taverne maisey, Teleost, Teleostei, Temporal fenestra, Tooth plate, Tooth plates, Upper tooth plate, Ventral, Ventrally, Vertebral column, Vertebrate paleontology, Xenomystus, mormyroids – trigemino-facialis chamber – sensory canals – pectoral girdle.
- Teeft :
- Academie royale, Anterior, Anterior opening, Anterior part, Anteriorly, Articular, Articular facet, Auditory, Auditory fenestra, Autosphenotic, Bane, Basioccipital, Basipterygoid process, Basisphenoid, Bicirrhosum, Bmnh, Braincase, British museum, Canal, Canal groove, Cenomanian, Cleithrum, Commissure, Coracoid, Cretaceous, Diverticulae, Diverticulum, Dixon, Dorsal, Dorsal part, Dorsal view, Elops, England plethodus expansus dixon bmnh, Epiotic, Exoccipital, Expansus, Extrascapular, Extrascapulars, Fenestra, Foramen, Forey, Forey figure, Fossa, Fossil, Greenwood, Greenwood patterson, Greenwoodi, Groove, Gymnarchus, Hetemtis, Hetemtis niloticus, Heterotis, Heterotis niloticus, Hiodon, Hiodon alosoides, Histology, Hyomandibular, Infraorbital, Infraorbital canal, Intercalar, Interpretive, Interpretive line, Intracranial, Intracranial diverticulae, Intracranial diverticulum, Jugular, Jugular canal, Jugular vein, Lamina, Lateral, Lateral face, Lateral wall, Laterally, Libycus, Linnaeus, Linnean society, Lower tooth plate, Maisey, Medial, Midline, Mormymps, Mormyroids, Mormyrops, Mormyrops anguilloides, Mormyrus, Myodome, Natural history, Natural history museum, Niloticus, Notopterid, Notopteridae, Notopterids, Notopterids mormyroids, Notopterus, Notopterus notopterus, Oblongus, Orbital artery, Osteoglossiforms, Osteoglossoids, Osteoglossomorph, Osteoglossomorpha, Osteoglossomorphs, Osteoglossum, Osteoglossum bicirrhosum, Osteologie, Other osteoglossomorphs, Otic, Otic canal, Palaeonotopterus, Palaeonotopterus greenwoodi, Palaeonotopterus greenwoodi forey, Pantodon, Papymcranus, Papyrocranus, Parasphenoid, Parasphenoid tooth plate, Parietal, Petmcephalus, Petmcephalus bane, Petrocephalus, Petrocephalus bane, Phylogenetic, Plesiomorphic, Plethodus, Plethodus expansus dixon bmnh, Posterior margin, Posterior myodome, Posterior opening, Posterior part, Posterior view, Posteriorly, Posttemporal, Posttemporal fossa, Prootic, Prootic bridge, Pterosphenoid, Pterotic, Ramus, Recent notopterids, Right side, Sagitta, Sclempages, Scleropages, Sensory canal, Sensory canals, Sensu, Shen, Shes, Shoulder girdle, Sister group, Skull, Skull roof, Supraoccipital, Supraoccipital crest, Supraorbital, Supraorbital branch, Supraorbital canal, Supraorbital canals, Supratemporal, Supratemporal commissure, Suture, Swimbladder, Synapomorphy, Systematique, Taverne, Taverne maisey, Teleost, Teleostei, Temporal fenestra, Tooth plate, Tooth plates, Upper tooth plate, Ventral, Ventrally, Vertebral column, Vertebrate paleontology, Xenomystus.
Abstract
The anatomy of the osteoglossomorph Palaeonotopterus greenwoodi Forey is redescribed on the basis of more complete material than used in the original description. This new material shows large rounded and attached parasphenoid tooth plates with a Plethodus‐like histology. We are therefore able to associate some species of Plethodus with a skull. Not all species of Plethodus may belong to the same kind of fish: specifically, Plethodus oblongus Dixon, which is known from articulated skull material, appears to be a very different kind of fish. Palaeonotopterus shows a mixture of notopterid and mormyroid characters. With notopterids Palaeonotopterus shares an elongate foramen for V +VII straddling the suture between prootic and pterosphenoid in the orbital wall, an auditory fenestra between the prootic and basioccipital (homoplastic with Hiodon), a sagitta with a prominent anterior process (inferred in Palaeonotopterus from the shape of the labyrinth cavity). With primitive mormyroids Palaeonotopterus shares a similar and distinctively shaped supraoccipital crest and a suture between the parasphenoid and autosphenotic. A supraorbital branch of the otic sensory canal, formerly thought to be a character of notopterids, is present in mormyroids and therefore is interpreted as a character of notopterids + mormyroids.
Url:
- https://api.istex.fr/document/AF5E058DDD67C7F50DC110510A72745DF6064844/fulltext/pdf
- https://api.istex.fr/document/EE100D1ED0C3A659125FEBF807D2AEE3B75728C6/fulltext/pdf
DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2001.tb00621.x
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ISTEX:AF5E058DDD67C7F50DC110510A72745DF6064844Le document en format XML
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<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Academie royale</term>
<term>Anterior</term>
<term>Anterior opening</term>
<term>Anterior part</term>
<term>Anteriorly</term>
<term>Articular</term>
<term>Articular facet</term>
<term>Auditory</term>
<term>Auditory fenestra</term>
<term>Autosphenotic</term>
<term>Bane</term>
<term>Basioccipital</term>
<term>Basipterygoid process</term>
<term>Basisphenoid</term>
<term>Bicirrhosum</term>
<term>Bmnh</term>
<term>Braincase</term>
<term>British museum</term>
<term>Canal</term>
<term>Canal groove</term>
<term>Cenomanian</term>
<term>Cleithrum</term>
<term>Commissure</term>
<term>Coracoid</term>
<term>Cretaceous</term>
<term>Diverticulae</term>
<term>Diverticulum</term>
<term>Dixon</term>
<term>Dorsal</term>
<term>Dorsal part</term>
<term>Dorsal view</term>
<term>Elops</term>
<term>England plethodus expansus dixon bmnh</term>
<term>Epiotic</term>
<term>Exoccipital</term>
<term>Expansus</term>
<term>Extrascapular</term>
<term>Extrascapulars</term>
<term>Fenestra</term>
<term>Foramen</term>
<term>Forey</term>
<term>Forey figure</term>
<term>Fossa</term>
<term>Fossil</term>
<term>Greenwood</term>
<term>Greenwood patterson</term>
<term>Greenwoodi</term>
<term>Groove</term>
<term>Gymnarchus</term>
<term>Hetemtis</term>
<term>Hetemtis niloticus</term>
<term>Heterotis</term>
<term>Heterotis niloticus</term>
<term>Hiodon</term>
<term>Hiodon alosoides</term>
<term>Histology</term>
<term>Hyomandibular</term>
<term>Infraorbital</term>
<term>Infraorbital canal</term>
<term>Intercalar</term>
<term>Interpretive</term>
<term>Interpretive line</term>
<term>Intracranial</term>
<term>Intracranial diverticulae</term>
<term>Intracranial diverticulum</term>
<term>Jugular</term>
<term>Jugular canal</term>
<term>Jugular vein</term>
<term>Lamina</term>
<term>Lateral</term>
<term>Lateral face</term>
<term>Lateral wall</term>
<term>Laterally</term>
<term>Libycus</term>
<term>Linnaeus</term>
<term>Linnean society</term>
<term>Lower tooth plate</term>
<term>Maisey</term>
<term>Medial</term>
<term>Midline</term>
<term>Mormymps</term>
<term>Mormyroids</term>
<term>Mormyrops</term>
<term>Mormyrops anguilloides</term>
<term>Mormyrus</term>
<term>Myodome</term>
<term>Natural history</term>
<term>Natural history museum</term>
<term>Niloticus</term>
<term>Notopterid</term>
<term>Notopteridae</term>
<term>Notopterids</term>
<term>Notopterids mormyroids</term>
<term>Notopterus</term>
<term>Notopterus notopterus</term>
<term>Oblongus</term>
<term>Orbital artery</term>
<term>Osteoglossiforms</term>
<term>Osteoglossoids</term>
<term>Osteoglossomorph</term>
<term>Osteoglossomorpha</term>
<term>Osteoglossomorphs</term>
<term>Osteoglossum</term>
<term>Osteoglossum bicirrhosum</term>
<term>Osteologie</term>
<term>Other osteoglossomorphs</term>
<term>Otic</term>
<term>Otic canal</term>
<term>Palaeonotopterus</term>
<term>Palaeonotopterus greenwoodi</term>
<term>Palaeonotopterus greenwoodi forey</term>
<term>Pantodon</term>
<term>Papymcranus</term>
<term>Papyrocranus</term>
<term>Parasphenoid</term>
<term>Parasphenoid tooth plate</term>
<term>Parietal</term>
<term>Petmcephalus</term>
<term>Petmcephalus bane</term>
<term>Petrocephalus</term>
<term>Petrocephalus bane</term>
<term>Phylogenetic</term>
<term>Plesiomorphic</term>
<term>Plethodus</term>
<term>Plethodus expansus dixon bmnh</term>
<term>Posterior margin</term>
<term>Posterior myodome</term>
<term>Posterior opening</term>
<term>Posterior part</term>
<term>Posterior view</term>
<term>Posteriorly</term>
<term>Posttemporal</term>
<term>Posttemporal fossa</term>
<term>Prootic</term>
<term>Prootic bridge</term>
<term>Pterosphenoid</term>
<term>Pterotic</term>
<term>Ramus</term>
<term>Recent notopterids</term>
<term>Right side</term>
<term>Sagitta</term>
<term>Sclempages</term>
<term>Scleropages</term>
<term>Sensory canal</term>
<term>Sensory canals</term>
<term>Sensu</term>
<term>Shen</term>
<term>Shes</term>
<term>Shoulder girdle</term>
<term>Sister group</term>
<term>Skull</term>
<term>Skull roof</term>
<term>Supraoccipital</term>
<term>Supraoccipital crest</term>
<term>Supraorbital</term>
<term>Supraorbital branch</term>
<term>Supraorbital canal</term>
<term>Supraorbital canals</term>
<term>Supratemporal</term>
<term>Supratemporal commissure</term>
<term>Suture</term>
<term>Swimbladder</term>
<term>Synapomorphy</term>
<term>Systematique</term>
<term>Taverne</term>
<term>Taverne maisey</term>
<term>Teleost</term>
<term>Teleostei</term>
<term>Temporal fenestra</term>
<term>Tooth plate</term>
<term>Tooth plates</term>
<term>Upper tooth plate</term>
<term>Ventral</term>
<term>Ventrally</term>
<term>Vertebral column</term>
<term>Vertebrate paleontology</term>
<term>Xenomystus</term>
<term>mormyroids – trigemino-facialis chamber – sensory canals – pectoral girdle</term>
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<keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en"><term>Academie royale</term>
<term>Anterior</term>
<term>Anterior opening</term>
<term>Anterior part</term>
<term>Anteriorly</term>
<term>Articular</term>
<term>Articular facet</term>
<term>Auditory</term>
<term>Auditory fenestra</term>
<term>Autosphenotic</term>
<term>Bane</term>
<term>Basioccipital</term>
<term>Basipterygoid process</term>
<term>Basisphenoid</term>
<term>Bicirrhosum</term>
<term>Bmnh</term>
<term>Braincase</term>
<term>British museum</term>
<term>Canal</term>
<term>Canal groove</term>
<term>Cenomanian</term>
<term>Cleithrum</term>
<term>Commissure</term>
<term>Coracoid</term>
<term>Cretaceous</term>
<term>Diverticulae</term>
<term>Diverticulum</term>
<term>Dixon</term>
<term>Dorsal</term>
<term>Dorsal part</term>
<term>Dorsal view</term>
<term>Elops</term>
<term>England plethodus expansus dixon bmnh</term>
<term>Epiotic</term>
<term>Exoccipital</term>
<term>Expansus</term>
<term>Extrascapular</term>
<term>Extrascapulars</term>
<term>Fenestra</term>
<term>Foramen</term>
<term>Forey</term>
<term>Forey figure</term>
<term>Fossa</term>
<term>Fossil</term>
<term>Greenwood</term>
<term>Greenwood patterson</term>
<term>Greenwoodi</term>
<term>Groove</term>
<term>Gymnarchus</term>
<term>Hetemtis</term>
<term>Hetemtis niloticus</term>
<term>Heterotis</term>
<term>Heterotis niloticus</term>
<term>Hiodon</term>
<term>Hiodon alosoides</term>
<term>Histology</term>
<term>Hyomandibular</term>
<term>Infraorbital</term>
<term>Infraorbital canal</term>
<term>Intercalar</term>
<term>Interpretive</term>
<term>Interpretive line</term>
<term>Intracranial</term>
<term>Intracranial diverticulae</term>
<term>Intracranial diverticulum</term>
<term>Jugular</term>
<term>Jugular canal</term>
<term>Jugular vein</term>
<term>Lamina</term>
<term>Lateral</term>
<term>Lateral face</term>
<term>Lateral wall</term>
<term>Laterally</term>
<term>Libycus</term>
<term>Linnaeus</term>
<term>Linnean society</term>
<term>Lower tooth plate</term>
<term>Maisey</term>
<term>Medial</term>
<term>Midline</term>
<term>Mormymps</term>
<term>Mormyroids</term>
<term>Mormyrops</term>
<term>Mormyrops anguilloides</term>
<term>Mormyrus</term>
<term>Myodome</term>
<term>Natural history</term>
<term>Natural history museum</term>
<term>Niloticus</term>
<term>Notopterid</term>
<term>Notopteridae</term>
<term>Notopterids</term>
<term>Notopterids mormyroids</term>
<term>Notopterus</term>
<term>Notopterus notopterus</term>
<term>Oblongus</term>
<term>Orbital artery</term>
<term>Osteoglossiforms</term>
<term>Osteoglossoids</term>
<term>Osteoglossomorph</term>
<term>Osteoglossomorpha</term>
<term>Osteoglossomorphs</term>
<term>Osteoglossum</term>
<term>Osteoglossum bicirrhosum</term>
<term>Osteologie</term>
<term>Other osteoglossomorphs</term>
<term>Otic</term>
<term>Otic canal</term>
<term>Palaeonotopterus</term>
<term>Palaeonotopterus greenwoodi</term>
<term>Palaeonotopterus greenwoodi forey</term>
<term>Pantodon</term>
<term>Papymcranus</term>
<term>Papyrocranus</term>
<term>Parasphenoid</term>
<term>Parasphenoid tooth plate</term>
<term>Parietal</term>
<term>Petmcephalus</term>
<term>Petmcephalus bane</term>
<term>Petrocephalus</term>
<term>Petrocephalus bane</term>
<term>Phylogenetic</term>
<term>Plesiomorphic</term>
<term>Plethodus</term>
<term>Plethodus expansus dixon bmnh</term>
<term>Posterior margin</term>
<term>Posterior myodome</term>
<term>Posterior opening</term>
<term>Posterior part</term>
<term>Posterior view</term>
<term>Posteriorly</term>
<term>Posttemporal</term>
<term>Posttemporal fossa</term>
<term>Prootic</term>
<term>Prootic bridge</term>
<term>Pterosphenoid</term>
<term>Pterotic</term>
<term>Ramus</term>
<term>Recent notopterids</term>
<term>Right side</term>
<term>Sagitta</term>
<term>Sclempages</term>
<term>Scleropages</term>
<term>Sensory canal</term>
<term>Sensory canals</term>
<term>Sensu</term>
<term>Shen</term>
<term>Shes</term>
<term>Shoulder girdle</term>
<term>Sister group</term>
<term>Skull</term>
<term>Skull roof</term>
<term>Supraoccipital</term>
<term>Supraoccipital crest</term>
<term>Supraorbital</term>
<term>Supraorbital branch</term>
<term>Supraorbital canal</term>
<term>Supraorbital canals</term>
<term>Supratemporal</term>
<term>Supratemporal commissure</term>
<term>Suture</term>
<term>Swimbladder</term>
<term>Synapomorphy</term>
<term>Systematique</term>
<term>Taverne</term>
<term>Taverne maisey</term>
<term>Teleost</term>
<term>Teleostei</term>
<term>Temporal fenestra</term>
<term>Tooth plate</term>
<term>Tooth plates</term>
<term>Upper tooth plate</term>
<term>Ventral</term>
<term>Ventrally</term>
<term>Vertebral column</term>
<term>Vertebrate paleontology</term>
<term>Xenomystus</term>
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<front><div type="abstract">The anatomy of the osteoglossomorph Palaeonotopterus greenwoodi Forey is redescribed on the basis of more complete material than used in the original description. This new material shows large rounded and attached parasphenoid tooth plates with a Plethodus‐like histology. We are therefore able to associate some species of Plethodus with a skull. Not all species of Plethodus may belong to the same kind of fish: specifically, Plethodus oblongus Dixon, which is known from articulated skull material, appears to be a very different kind of fish. Palaeonotopterus shows a mixture of notopterid and mormyroid characters. With notopterids Palaeonotopterus shares an elongate foramen for V +VII straddling the suture between prootic and pterosphenoid in the orbital wall, an auditory fenestra between the prootic and basioccipital (homoplastic with Hiodon), a sagitta with a prominent anterior process (inferred in Palaeonotopterus from the shape of the labyrinth cavity). With primitive mormyroids Palaeonotopterus shares a similar and distinctively shaped supraoccipital crest and a suture between the parasphenoid and autosphenotic. A supraorbital branch of the otic sensory canal, formerly thought to be a character of notopterids, is present in mormyroids and therefore is interpreted as a character of notopterids + mormyroids.</div>
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Forey 1997 (Teleostei: Osteoglossomorpha)</title>
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<author><name sortKey="Forey, Peter L" sort="Forey, Peter L" uniqKey="Forey P" first="Peter L." last="Forey">Peter L. Forey</name>
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<term>Anterior opening</term>
<term>Anterior part</term>
<term>Anteriorly</term>
<term>Articular</term>
<term>Articular facet</term>
<term>Auditory</term>
<term>Auditory fenestra</term>
<term>Autosphenotic</term>
<term>Bane</term>
<term>Basioccipital</term>
<term>Basipterygoid process</term>
<term>Basisphenoid</term>
<term>Bicirrhosum</term>
<term>Bmnh</term>
<term>Braincase</term>
<term>British museum</term>
<term>Canal</term>
<term>Canal groove</term>
<term>Cenomanian</term>
<term>Cleithrum</term>
<term>Commissure</term>
<term>Coracoid</term>
<term>Cretaceous</term>
<term>Diverticulae</term>
<term>Diverticulum</term>
<term>Dixon</term>
<term>Dorsal</term>
<term>Dorsal part</term>
<term>Dorsal view</term>
<term>Elops</term>
<term>Epiotic</term>
<term>Exoccipital</term>
<term>Expansus</term>
<term>Extrascapular</term>
<term>Extrascapulars</term>
<term>Fenestra</term>
<term>Foramen</term>
<term>Forey</term>
<term>Fossa</term>
<term>Fossil</term>
<term>Greenwood</term>
<term>Greenwood patterson</term>
<term>Greenwoodi</term>
<term>Groove</term>
<term>Gymnarchus</term>
<term>Hetemtis</term>
<term>Hetemtis niloticus</term>
<term>Hiodon</term>
<term>Hiodon alosoides</term>
<term>Histology</term>
<term>Hyomandibular</term>
<term>Infraorbital</term>
<term>Infraorbital canal</term>
<term>Intercalar</term>
<term>Interpretive line</term>
<term>Intracranial</term>
<term>Intracranial diverticulae</term>
<term>Intracranial diverticulum</term>
<term>Jugular</term>
<term>Jugular canal</term>
<term>Jugular vein</term>
<term>Lamina</term>
<term>Lateral</term>
<term>Lateral face</term>
<term>Lateral wall</term>
<term>Laterally</term>
<term>Libycus</term>
<term>Linnaeus</term>
<term>Linnean society</term>
<term>Lower tooth plate</term>
<term>Maisey</term>
<term>Medial</term>
<term>Midline</term>
<term>Mormymps</term>
<term>Mormyroids</term>
<term>Myodome</term>
<term>Natural history</term>
<term>Natural history museum</term>
<term>Niloticus</term>
<term>Notopterid</term>
<term>Notopteridae</term>
<term>Notopterids</term>
<term>Notopterids mormyroids</term>
<term>Notopterus</term>
<term>Oblongus</term>
<term>Orbital artery</term>
<term>Osteoglossiforms</term>
<term>Osteoglossoids</term>
<term>Osteoglossomorph</term>
<term>Osteoglossomorpha</term>
<term>Osteoglossomorphs</term>
<term>Osteoglossum</term>
<term>Osteoglossum bicirrhosum</term>
<term>Osteologie</term>
<term>Other osteoglossomorphs</term>
<term>Otic</term>
<term>Otic canal</term>
<term>Palaeonotopterus</term>
<term>Palaeonotopterus greenwoodi</term>
<term>Palaeonotopterus greenwoodi forey</term>
<term>Pantodon</term>
<term>Papymcranus</term>
<term>Parasphenoid</term>
<term>Parasphenoid tooth plate</term>
<term>Parietal</term>
<term>Petmcephalus</term>
<term>Petmcephalus bane</term>
<term>Phylogenetic</term>
<term>Plesiomorphic</term>
<term>Plethodus</term>
<term>Plethodus expansus dixon bmnh</term>
<term>Posterior margin</term>
<term>Posterior myodome</term>
<term>Posterior opening</term>
<term>Posterior part</term>
<term>Posterior view</term>
<term>Posteriorly</term>
<term>Posttemporal</term>
<term>Posttemporal fossa</term>
<term>Prootic</term>
<term>Prootic bridge</term>
<term>Pterosphenoid</term>
<term>Pterotic</term>
<term>Ramus</term>
<term>Recent notopterids</term>
<term>Right side</term>
<term>Sagitta</term>
<term>Sclempages</term>
<term>Sensory canal</term>
<term>Sensory canals</term>
<term>Sensu</term>
<term>Shen</term>
<term>Shoulder girdle</term>
<term>Skull</term>
<term>Skull roof</term>
<term>Supraoccipital</term>
<term>Supraoccipital crest</term>
<term>Supraorbital</term>
<term>Supraorbital branch</term>
<term>Supraorbital canal</term>
<term>Supraorbital canals</term>
<term>Supratemporal</term>
<term>Supratemporal commissure</term>
<term>Suture</term>
<term>Swimbladder</term>
<term>Synapomorphy</term>
<term>Systematique</term>
<term>Taverne</term>
<term>Taverne maisey</term>
<term>Teleost</term>
<term>Teleostei</term>
<term>Temporal fenestra</term>
<term>Tooth plate</term>
<term>Tooth plates</term>
<term>Upper tooth plate</term>
<term>Ventral</term>
<term>Ventrally</term>
<term>Vertebral column</term>
<term>Vertebrate paleontology</term>
<term>Xenomystus</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en"><term>Anterior</term>
<term>Anterior opening</term>
<term>Anterior part</term>
<term>Anteriorly</term>
<term>Articular</term>
<term>Articular facet</term>
<term>Auditory</term>
<term>Auditory fenestra</term>
<term>Autosphenotic</term>
<term>Bane</term>
<term>Basioccipital</term>
<term>Basipterygoid process</term>
<term>Basisphenoid</term>
<term>Bicirrhosum</term>
<term>Bmnh</term>
<term>Braincase</term>
<term>British museum</term>
<term>Canal</term>
<term>Canal groove</term>
<term>Cenomanian</term>
<term>Cleithrum</term>
<term>Commissure</term>
<term>Coracoid</term>
<term>Cretaceous</term>
<term>Diverticulae</term>
<term>Diverticulum</term>
<term>Dixon</term>
<term>Dorsal</term>
<term>Dorsal part</term>
<term>Dorsal view</term>
<term>Elops</term>
<term>Epiotic</term>
<term>Exoccipital</term>
<term>Expansus</term>
<term>Extrascapular</term>
<term>Extrascapulars</term>
<term>Fenestra</term>
<term>Foramen</term>
<term>Forey</term>
<term>Fossa</term>
<term>Fossil</term>
<term>Greenwood</term>
<term>Greenwood patterson</term>
<term>Greenwoodi</term>
<term>Groove</term>
<term>Gymnarchus</term>
<term>Hetemtis</term>
<term>Hetemtis niloticus</term>
<term>Hiodon</term>
<term>Hiodon alosoides</term>
<term>Histology</term>
<term>Hyomandibular</term>
<term>Infraorbital</term>
<term>Infraorbital canal</term>
<term>Intercalar</term>
<term>Interpretive line</term>
<term>Intracranial</term>
<term>Intracranial diverticulae</term>
<term>Intracranial diverticulum</term>
<term>Jugular</term>
<term>Jugular canal</term>
<term>Jugular vein</term>
<term>Lamina</term>
<term>Lateral</term>
<term>Lateral face</term>
<term>Lateral wall</term>
<term>Laterally</term>
<term>Libycus</term>
<term>Linnaeus</term>
<term>Linnean society</term>
<term>Lower tooth plate</term>
<term>Maisey</term>
<term>Medial</term>
<term>Midline</term>
<term>Mormymps</term>
<term>Mormyroids</term>
<term>Myodome</term>
<term>Natural history</term>
<term>Natural history museum</term>
<term>Niloticus</term>
<term>Notopterid</term>
<term>Notopteridae</term>
<term>Notopterids</term>
<term>Notopterids mormyroids</term>
<term>Notopterus</term>
<term>Oblongus</term>
<term>Orbital artery</term>
<term>Osteoglossiforms</term>
<term>Osteoglossoids</term>
<term>Osteoglossomorph</term>
<term>Osteoglossomorpha</term>
<term>Osteoglossomorphs</term>
<term>Osteoglossum</term>
<term>Osteoglossum bicirrhosum</term>
<term>Osteologie</term>
<term>Other osteoglossomorphs</term>
<term>Otic</term>
<term>Otic canal</term>
<term>Palaeonotopterus</term>
<term>Palaeonotopterus greenwoodi</term>
<term>Palaeonotopterus greenwoodi forey</term>
<term>Pantodon</term>
<term>Papymcranus</term>
<term>Parasphenoid</term>
<term>Parasphenoid tooth plate</term>
<term>Parietal</term>
<term>Petmcephalus</term>
<term>Petmcephalus bane</term>
<term>Phylogenetic</term>
<term>Plesiomorphic</term>
<term>Plethodus</term>
<term>Plethodus expansus dixon bmnh</term>
<term>Posterior margin</term>
<term>Posterior myodome</term>
<term>Posterior opening</term>
<term>Posterior part</term>
<term>Posterior view</term>
<term>Posteriorly</term>
<term>Posttemporal</term>
<term>Posttemporal fossa</term>
<term>Prootic</term>
<term>Prootic bridge</term>
<term>Pterosphenoid</term>
<term>Pterotic</term>
<term>Ramus</term>
<term>Recent notopterids</term>
<term>Right side</term>
<term>Sagitta</term>
<term>Sclempages</term>
<term>Sensory canal</term>
<term>Sensory canals</term>
<term>Sensu</term>
<term>Shen</term>
<term>Shoulder girdle</term>
<term>Skull</term>
<term>Skull roof</term>
<term>Supraoccipital</term>
<term>Supraoccipital crest</term>
<term>Supraorbital</term>
<term>Supraorbital branch</term>
<term>Supraorbital canal</term>
<term>Supraorbital canals</term>
<term>Supratemporal</term>
<term>Supratemporal commissure</term>
<term>Suture</term>
<term>Swimbladder</term>
<term>Synapomorphy</term>
<term>Systematique</term>
<term>Taverne</term>
<term>Taverne maisey</term>
<term>Teleost</term>
<term>Teleostei</term>
<term>Temporal fenestra</term>
<term>Tooth plate</term>
<term>Tooth plates</term>
<term>Upper tooth plate</term>
<term>Ventral</term>
<term>Ventrally</term>
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<front><div type="abstract">The anatomy of the osteoglossomorph Palaeonotopterus greenwoodi Forey is redescribed on the basis of more complete material than used in the original description. This new material shows large rounded and attached parasphenoid tooth plates with a Plethodus‐like histology. We are therefore able to associate some species of Plethodus with a skull. Not all species of Plethodus may belong to the same kind of fish: specifically, Plethodus oblongus Dixon, which is known from articulated skull material, appears to be a very different kind of fish. Palaeonotopterus shows a mixture of notopterid and mormyroid characters. With notopterids Palaeonotopterus shares an elongate foramen for V +VII straddling the suture between prootic and pterosphenoid in the orbital wall, an auditory fenestra between the prootic and basioccipital (homoplastic with Hiodon), a sagitta with a prominent anterior process (inferred in Palaeonotopterus from the shape of the labyrinth cavity). With primitive mormyroids Palaeonotopterus shares a similar and distinctively shaped supraoccipital crest and a suture between the parasphenoid and autosphenotic. A supraorbital branch of the otic sensory canal, formerly thought to be a character of notopterids, is present in mormyroids and therefore is interpreted as a character of notopterids + mormyroids.</div>
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<term>Anterior</term>
<term>Anterior opening</term>
<term>Anterior part</term>
<term>Anteriorly</term>
<term>Articular</term>
<term>Articular facet</term>
<term>Auditory</term>
<term>Auditory fenestra</term>
<term>Autosphenotic</term>
<term>Bane</term>
<term>Basioccipital</term>
<term>Basipterygoid process</term>
<term>Basisphenoid</term>
<term>Bicirrhosum</term>
<term>Bmnh</term>
<term>Braincase</term>
<term>British museum</term>
<term>Canal</term>
<term>Canal groove</term>
<term>Cenomanian</term>
<term>Cleithrum</term>
<term>Commissure</term>
<term>Coracoid</term>
<term>Cretaceous</term>
<term>Diverticulae</term>
<term>Diverticulum</term>
<term>Dixon</term>
<term>Dorsal</term>
<term>Dorsal part</term>
<term>Dorsal view</term>
<term>Elops</term>
<term>England plethodus expansus dixon bmnh</term>
<term>Epiotic</term>
<term>Exoccipital</term>
<term>Expansus</term>
<term>Extrascapular</term>
<term>Extrascapulars</term>
<term>Fenestra</term>
<term>Foramen</term>
<term>Forey</term>
<term>Forey figure</term>
<term>Fossa</term>
<term>Fossil</term>
<term>Greenwood</term>
<term>Greenwood patterson</term>
<term>Greenwoodi</term>
<term>Groove</term>
<term>Gymnarchus</term>
<term>Heterotis</term>
<term>Heterotis niloticus</term>
<term>Hiodon</term>
<term>Hyomandibular</term>
<term>Infraorbital</term>
<term>Infraorbital canal</term>
<term>Intercalar</term>
<term>Interpretive</term>
<term>Interpretive line</term>
<term>Intracranial</term>
<term>Intracranial diverticulae</term>
<term>Intracranial diverticulum</term>
<term>Jugular</term>
<term>Jugular canal</term>
<term>Jugular vein</term>
<term>Lamina</term>
<term>Lateral</term>
<term>Lateral face</term>
<term>Lateral wall</term>
<term>Laterally</term>
<term>Libycus</term>
<term>Linnaeus</term>
<term>Linnean society</term>
<term>Lower tooth plate</term>
<term>Maisey</term>
<term>Medial</term>
<term>Midline</term>
<term>Mormyroids</term>
<term>Mormyrops</term>
<term>Mormyrops anguilloides</term>
<term>Mormyrus</term>
<term>Myodome</term>
<term>Natural history</term>
<term>Natural history museum</term>
<term>Notopterid</term>
<term>Notopteridae</term>
<term>Notopterids</term>
<term>Notopterus</term>
<term>Notopterus notopterus</term>
<term>Oblongus</term>
<term>Orbital artery</term>
<term>Osteoglossiforms</term>
<term>Osteoglossoids</term>
<term>Osteoglossomorph</term>
<term>Osteoglossomorpha</term>
<term>Osteoglossomorphs</term>
<term>Osteoglossum</term>
<term>Osteoglossum bicirrhosum</term>
<term>Osteologie</term>
<term>Other osteoglossomorphs</term>
<term>Otic</term>
<term>Otic canal</term>
<term>Palaeonotopterus</term>
<term>Palaeonotopterus greenwoodi</term>
<term>Palaeonotopterus greenwoodi forey</term>
<term>Pantodon</term>
<term>Papyrocranus</term>
<term>Parasphenoid</term>
<term>Parasphenoid tooth plate</term>
<term>Parietal</term>
<term>Petrocephalus</term>
<term>Petrocephalus bane</term>
<term>Phylogenetic</term>
<term>Plesiomorphic</term>
<term>Plethodus</term>
<term>Posterior margin</term>
<term>Posterior myodome</term>
<term>Posterior opening</term>
<term>Posterior part</term>
<term>Posterior view</term>
<term>Posteriorly</term>
<term>Posttemporal</term>
<term>Posttemporal fossa</term>
<term>Prootic</term>
<term>Prootic bridge</term>
<term>Pterosphenoid</term>
<term>Pterotic</term>
<term>Ramus</term>
<term>Recent notopterids</term>
<term>Right side</term>
<term>Sagitta</term>
<term>Scleropages</term>
<term>Sensory canal</term>
<term>Sensory canals</term>
<term>Sensu</term>
<term>Shen</term>
<term>Shes</term>
<term>Shoulder girdle</term>
<term>Sister group</term>
<term>Skull</term>
<term>Skull roof</term>
<term>Supraoccipital</term>
<term>Supraoccipital crest</term>
<term>Supraorbital</term>
<term>Supraorbital branch</term>
<term>Supraorbital canal</term>
<term>Supraorbital canals</term>
<term>Supratemporal</term>
<term>Supratemporal commissure</term>
<term>Suture</term>
<term>Swimbladder</term>
<term>Synapomorphy</term>
<term>Systematique</term>
<term>Taverne</term>
<term>Taverne maisey</term>
<term>Teleost</term>
<term>Teleostei</term>
<term>Temporal fenestra</term>
<term>Tooth plate</term>
<term>Tooth plates</term>
<term>Upper tooth plate</term>
<term>Ventral</term>
<term>Ventrally</term>
<term>Vertebral column</term>
<term>Vertebrate paleontology</term>
<term>Xenomystus</term>
<term>mormyroids – trigemino-facialis chamber – sensory canals – pectoral girdle</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en"><term>Academie royale</term>
<term>Anterior</term>
<term>Anterior opening</term>
<term>Anterior part</term>
<term>Anteriorly</term>
<term>Articular</term>
<term>Articular facet</term>
<term>Auditory</term>
<term>Auditory fenestra</term>
<term>Autosphenotic</term>
<term>Bane</term>
<term>Basioccipital</term>
<term>Basipterygoid process</term>
<term>Basisphenoid</term>
<term>Bicirrhosum</term>
<term>Bmnh</term>
<term>Braincase</term>
<term>British museum</term>
<term>Canal</term>
<term>Canal groove</term>
<term>Cenomanian</term>
<term>Cleithrum</term>
<term>Commissure</term>
<term>Coracoid</term>
<term>Cretaceous</term>
<term>Diverticulae</term>
<term>Diverticulum</term>
<term>Dixon</term>
<term>Dorsal</term>
<term>Dorsal part</term>
<term>Dorsal view</term>
<term>Elops</term>
<term>England plethodus expansus dixon bmnh</term>
<term>Epiotic</term>
<term>Exoccipital</term>
<term>Expansus</term>
<term>Extrascapular</term>
<term>Extrascapulars</term>
<term>Fenestra</term>
<term>Foramen</term>
<term>Forey</term>
<term>Forey figure</term>
<term>Fossa</term>
<term>Fossil</term>
<term>Greenwood</term>
<term>Greenwood patterson</term>
<term>Greenwoodi</term>
<term>Groove</term>
<term>Gymnarchus</term>
<term>Heterotis</term>
<term>Heterotis niloticus</term>
<term>Hiodon</term>
<term>Hyomandibular</term>
<term>Infraorbital</term>
<term>Infraorbital canal</term>
<term>Intercalar</term>
<term>Interpretive</term>
<term>Interpretive line</term>
<term>Intracranial</term>
<term>Intracranial diverticulae</term>
<term>Intracranial diverticulum</term>
<term>Jugular</term>
<term>Jugular canal</term>
<term>Jugular vein</term>
<term>Lamina</term>
<term>Lateral</term>
<term>Lateral face</term>
<term>Lateral wall</term>
<term>Laterally</term>
<term>Libycus</term>
<term>Linnaeus</term>
<term>Linnean society</term>
<term>Lower tooth plate</term>
<term>Maisey</term>
<term>Medial</term>
<term>Midline</term>
<term>Mormyroids</term>
<term>Mormyrops</term>
<term>Mormyrops anguilloides</term>
<term>Mormyrus</term>
<term>Myodome</term>
<term>Natural history</term>
<term>Natural history museum</term>
<term>Notopterid</term>
<term>Notopteridae</term>
<term>Notopterids</term>
<term>Notopterus</term>
<term>Notopterus notopterus</term>
<term>Oblongus</term>
<term>Orbital artery</term>
<term>Osteoglossiforms</term>
<term>Osteoglossoids</term>
<term>Osteoglossomorph</term>
<term>Osteoglossomorpha</term>
<term>Osteoglossomorphs</term>
<term>Osteoglossum</term>
<term>Osteoglossum bicirrhosum</term>
<term>Osteologie</term>
<term>Other osteoglossomorphs</term>
<term>Otic</term>
<term>Otic canal</term>
<term>Palaeonotopterus</term>
<term>Palaeonotopterus greenwoodi</term>
<term>Palaeonotopterus greenwoodi forey</term>
<term>Pantodon</term>
<term>Papyrocranus</term>
<term>Parasphenoid</term>
<term>Parasphenoid tooth plate</term>
<term>Parietal</term>
<term>Petrocephalus</term>
<term>Petrocephalus bane</term>
<term>Phylogenetic</term>
<term>Plesiomorphic</term>
<term>Plethodus</term>
<term>Posterior margin</term>
<term>Posterior myodome</term>
<term>Posterior opening</term>
<term>Posterior part</term>
<term>Posterior view</term>
<term>Posteriorly</term>
<term>Posttemporal</term>
<term>Posttemporal fossa</term>
<term>Prootic</term>
<term>Prootic bridge</term>
<term>Pterosphenoid</term>
<term>Pterotic</term>
<term>Ramus</term>
<term>Recent notopterids</term>
<term>Right side</term>
<term>Sagitta</term>
<term>Scleropages</term>
<term>Sensory canal</term>
<term>Sensory canals</term>
<term>Sensu</term>
<term>Shen</term>
<term>Shes</term>
<term>Shoulder girdle</term>
<term>Sister group</term>
<term>Skull</term>
<term>Skull roof</term>
<term>Supraoccipital</term>
<term>Supraoccipital crest</term>
<term>Supraorbital</term>
<term>Supraorbital branch</term>
<term>Supraorbital canal</term>
<term>Supraorbital canals</term>
<term>Supratemporal</term>
<term>Supratemporal commissure</term>
<term>Suture</term>
<term>Swimbladder</term>
<term>Synapomorphy</term>
<term>Systematique</term>
<term>Taverne</term>
<term>Taverne maisey</term>
<term>Teleost</term>
<term>Teleostei</term>
<term>Temporal fenestra</term>
<term>Tooth plate</term>
<term>Tooth plates</term>
<term>Upper tooth plate</term>
<term>Ventral</term>
<term>Ventrally</term>
<term>Vertebral column</term>
<term>Vertebrate paleontology</term>
<term>Xenomystus</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
<langUsage><language ident="en">en</language>
</langUsage>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Abstract: The anatomy of the osteoglossomorph Palaeonotopterus greenwoodi Forey is redescribed on the basis of more complete material than used in the original description. This new material shows large rounded and attached parasphenoid tooth plates with a Plethodus -like histology. We are therefore able to associate some species ofPlethodus with a skull. Not all species of Plethodus may belong to the same kind of fish: specifically,Plethodus oblongus Dixon, which is known from articulated skull material, appears to be a very different kind of fish.Palaeonotopterus shows a mixture of notopterid and mormyroid characters. With notopterids Palaeonotopterus shares an elongate foramen for V+VII straddling the suture between prootic and pterosphenoid in the orbital wall, an auditory fenestra between the prootic and basioccipital (homoplastic with Hiodon), a sagitta with a prominent anterior process (inferred in Palaeonotopterus from the shape of the labyrinth cavity). With primitive mormyroids Palaeonotopterus shares a similar and distinctively shaped supraoccipital crest and a suture between the paraÍsphenoid and autosphenotic. A supraorbital branch of the otic sensory canal, formerly thought to be a character of notopterids, is present in mormyroids and therefore is interpreted as a character of notopterids+mormyroids.</div>
</front>
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