Cranial architecture of tube‐snouted gasterosteiformes (Syngnathus rostellatus and Hippocampus capensis)
Identifieur interne : 007B03 ( Istex/Curation ); précédent : 007B02; suivant : 007B04Cranial architecture of tube‐snouted gasterosteiformes (Syngnathus rostellatus and Hippocampus capensis)
Auteurs : Heleen Leysen [Belgique] ; Philippe Jouk [Belgique] ; Marleen Brunain [Belgique] ; Joachim Christiaens [Belgique] ; Dominique Adriaens [Belgique]Source :
- Journal of Morphology [ 0362-2525 ] ; 2010-03.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Aculeatus, Anguloarticular, Anguloarticular bone, Anker, Anterior ceratohyal bone, Antorbital, Antorbital bone, Antorbitolacrimal, Antorbitolacrimal bone, Arratia, Articulates, Articulation, Autopalatine, Autopalatine bone, Basihyal, Basihyal cartilage, Biol, Bone, Branchiostegal, Branchiostegal rays, Capensis, Cartilage, Cartilaginous, Caudal, Caudally, Ceratohyal, Ceratohyal cartilage, Chondrocranium, Circumorbital, Circumorbital bones, Coronoid process, Cranial, Cranial morphology, Cranium, Dentary, Dentary bone, Dermal, Dorsal, Dorsal part, Dorsal view, Dorsally, Ectopterygoid, Ectopterygoid bone, Ethmoid, Ethmoid plate, Ethmoid region, Fuscus, Gasterosteus, Gasterosteus aculeatus, Head length, Hippocampus, Hippocampus capensis, Homology, Hyoid, Hyomandibular, Hyomandibular bone, Hyomandibular part, Hyosymplectic, Hyosymplectic cartilage, Hypohyal, Hypohyal cartilage, Infraorbital, Infraorbital bones, Interhyal, Interhyal bone, Interhyal cartilage, Internasal, Internasal septum, Interopercular, Interopercular bone, Juvenile chondrocranium, Kadam, Lacrimal, Lacrimal bone, Lamina, Lateral, Lateral ethmoid bone, Lateral view, Leysen, Ligament, Maxillary, Maxillary bone, Mesethmoid, Mesethmoid bone, Metapterygoid, Metapterygoid bone, More caudally, Morphology, Nerophis, Neurocranium, Opercular, Opercular bone, Orbitonasal, Orbitonasal lamina, Osse, Otic, Otic capsule, Palatine part, Palatoquadrate, Palatoquadrate cartilage, Parasphenoid, Parasphenoid bone, Parietal bone, Perichondral, Perichondral part, Posterior ceratohyal bone, Premaxillary, Premaxillary bone, Premaxillary bones, Preopercular, Preopercular bone, Pterygoid bone, Pterygoquadrate, Pterygoquadrate part, Quadrate, Quadrate bone, Reidi, Retroarticular, Retroarticular bone, Right side, Rostellatus, Rostral, Rostral cartilage, Rostrally, Scale bars, Schultze, Seahorse, Second infraorbital bone, Septum, Shes, Snout, Snout elongation, Snout length, Standard length, Subopercular bone, Suction, Suspensorium, Swinnerton, Symplectic, Symplectic bone, Syngnathid, Syngnathid species, Syngnathids, Syngnathus, Syngnathus rostellatus, Teleost, Trabecula communis, Urohyal, Urohyal bone, Ventral, Ventral view, Ventrally, Vomeral, Vomeral bone, Wainwright, Zool.
- Teeft :
- Aculeatus, Anguloarticular, Anguloarticular bone, Anker, Anterior ceratohyal bone, Antorbital, Antorbital bone, Antorbitolacrimal, Antorbitolacrimal bone, Arratia, Articulates, Articulation, Autopalatine, Autopalatine bone, Basihyal, Basihyal cartilage, Biol, Bone, Branchiostegal, Branchiostegal rays, Capensis, Cartilage, Cartilaginous, Caudal, Caudally, Ceratohyal, Ceratohyal cartilage, Chondrocranium, Circumorbital, Circumorbital bones, Coronoid process, Cranial, Cranial morphology, Cranium, Dentary, Dentary bone, Dermal, Dorsal, Dorsal part, Dorsal view, Dorsally, Ectopterygoid, Ectopterygoid bone, Ethmoid, Ethmoid plate, Ethmoid region, Fuscus, Gasterosteus, Gasterosteus aculeatus, Head length, Hippocampus, Hippocampus capensis, Homology, Hyoid, Hyomandibular, Hyomandibular bone, Hyomandibular part, Hyosymplectic, Hyosymplectic cartilage, Hypohyal, Hypohyal cartilage, Infraorbital, Infraorbital bones, Interhyal, Interhyal bone, Interhyal cartilage, Internasal, Internasal septum, Interopercular, Interopercular bone, Juvenile chondrocranium, Kadam, Lacrimal, Lacrimal bone, Lamina, Lateral, Lateral ethmoid bone, Lateral view, Leysen, Ligament, Maxillary, Maxillary bone, Mesethmoid, Mesethmoid bone, Metapterygoid, Metapterygoid bone, More caudally, Morphology, Nerophis, Neurocranium, Opercular, Opercular bone, Orbitonasal, Orbitonasal lamina, Osse, Otic, Otic capsule, Palatine part, Palatoquadrate, Palatoquadrate cartilage, Parasphenoid, Parasphenoid bone, Parietal bone, Perichondral, Perichondral part, Posterior ceratohyal bone, Premaxillary, Premaxillary bone, Premaxillary bones, Preopercular, Preopercular bone, Pterygoid bone, Pterygoquadrate, Pterygoquadrate part, Quadrate, Quadrate bone, Reidi, Retroarticular, Retroarticular bone, Right side, Rostellatus, Rostral, Rostral cartilage, Rostrally, Scale bars, Schultze, Seahorse, Second infraorbital bone, Septum, Shes, Snout, Snout elongation, Snout length, Standard length, Subopercular bone, Suction, Suspensorium, Swinnerton, Symplectic, Symplectic bone, Syngnathid, Syngnathid species, Syngnathids, Syngnathus, Syngnathus rostellatus, Teleost, Trabecula communis, Urohyal, Urohyal bone, Ventral, Ventral view, Ventrally, Vomeral, Vomeral bone, Wainwright, Zool.
Abstract
The long snout of pipefishes and seahorses (Syngnathidae, Gasterosteiformes) is formed as an elongation of the ethmoid region. This is in contrast to many other teleosts with elongate snouts (e.g., butterflyfishes) in which the snout is formed as an extension of the jaws. Syngnathid fishes perform very fast suction feeding, accomplished by powerful neurocranial elevation and hyoid retraction. Clearly, suction through a long and narrow tube and its hydrodynamic implications can be expected to require certain adaptations in the cranium, especially in musculoskeletal elements of the feeding apparatus. Not much is known about which skeletal elements actually support the snout and what the effect of elongation is on related structures. Here, we give a detailed morphological description of the cartilaginous and bony feeding apparatus in both juvenile and adult Syngnathus rostellatus and Hippocampus capensis. Our results are compared with previous morphological studies of a generalized teleost, Gasterosteus aculeatus. We found that the ethmoid region is elongated early during development, with the ethmoid plate, the hyosymplectic, and the basihyal cartilage being extended in the chondrocranium. In the juveniles of both species almost all bones are forming, although only as a very thin layer. The elongation of the vomeral, mesethmoid, quadrate, metapterygoid, symplectic, and preopercular bones is already present. Probably, because of the long and specialized parental care which releases advanced developmental stages from the brooding pouch, morphology of the feeding apparatus of juveniles is already very similar to that of the adults. We describe morphological features related to snout elongation that may be considered adaptations for suction feeding; e.g. the peculiar shape of the interhyal bone and its saddle‐shaped articulation with the posterior ceratohyal bone might aid in explosive hyoid retraction by reducing the risk of hyoid dislocation. J. Morphol., 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Url:
DOI: 10.1002/jmor.10795
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Ledeganckstraat 35, B‐9000 Gent</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jouk, Philippe" sort="Jouk, Philippe" uniqKey="Jouk P" first="Philippe" last="Jouk">Philippe Jouk</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Royal Zool Society of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Royal Zool Society of Antwerp, Antwerpen</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brunain, Marleen" sort="Brunain, Marleen" uniqKey="Brunain M" first="Marleen" last="Brunain">Marleen Brunain</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Research Group Evolutionary Morphology of Vertebrates, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Research Group Evolutionary Morphology of Vertebrates, Ghent University, Gent</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Christiaens, Joachim" sort="Christiaens, Joachim" uniqKey="Christiaens J" first="Joachim" last="Christiaens">Joachim Christiaens</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Research Group Evolutionary Morphology of Vertebrates, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Research Group Evolutionary Morphology of Vertebrates, Ghent University, Gent</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Adriaens, Dominique" sort="Adriaens, Dominique" uniqKey="Adriaens D" first="Dominique" last="Adriaens">Dominique Adriaens</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Research Group Evolutionary Morphology of Vertebrates, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Research Group Evolutionary Morphology of Vertebrates, Ghent University, Gent</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:F8903733C426704180EA8112CEA03238CD620A9A</idno><date when="2010" year="2010">2010</date><idno type="doi">10.1002/jmor.10795</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/F8903733C426704180EA8112CEA03238CD620A9A/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">007B03</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">007B03</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Curation">007B03</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Cranial architecture of tube‐snouted gasterosteiformes (<hi rend="italic">Syngnathus rostellatus</hi> and <hi rend="italic">Hippocampus capensis</hi>)</title><author><name sortKey="Leysen, Heleen" sort="Leysen, Heleen" uniqKey="Leysen H" first="Heleen" last="Leysen">Heleen Leysen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Research Group Evolutionary Morphology of Vertebrates, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Research Group Evolutionary Morphology of Vertebrates, Ghent University, Gent</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>E-mail: heleen.leysen@UGent.be</mods:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">Belgique</country></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Correspondence address: Research Group Evolutionary Morphology of Vertebrates, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B‐9000 Gent, Belgium</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Correspondence address: Research Group Evolutionary Morphology of Vertebrates, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B‐9000 Gent</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jouk, Philippe" sort="Jouk, Philippe" uniqKey="Jouk P" first="Philippe" last="Jouk">Philippe Jouk</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Royal Zool Society of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Royal Zool Society of Antwerp, Antwerpen</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brunain, Marleen" sort="Brunain, Marleen" uniqKey="Brunain M" first="Marleen" last="Brunain">Marleen Brunain</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Research Group Evolutionary Morphology of Vertebrates, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Research Group Evolutionary Morphology of Vertebrates, Ghent University, Gent</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Christiaens, Joachim" sort="Christiaens, Joachim" uniqKey="Christiaens J" first="Joachim" last="Christiaens">Joachim Christiaens</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Research Group Evolutionary Morphology of Vertebrates, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Research Group Evolutionary Morphology of Vertebrates, Ghent University, Gent</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Adriaens, Dominique" sort="Adriaens, Dominique" uniqKey="Adriaens D" first="Dominique" last="Adriaens">Dominique Adriaens</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Research Group Evolutionary Morphology of Vertebrates, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Research Group Evolutionary Morphology of Vertebrates, Ghent University, Gent</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j" type="main">Journal of Morphology</title><title level="j" type="alt">JOURNAL OF MORPHOLOGY</title><idno type="ISSN">0362-2525</idno><idno type="eISSN">1097-4687</idno><imprint><biblScope unit="vol">271</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">3</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="255">255</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="270">270</biblScope><biblScope unit="page-count">16</biblScope><publisher>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisher><pubPlace>Hoboken</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2010-03">2010-03</date></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0362-2525</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0362-2525</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Aculeatus</term><term>Anguloarticular</term><term>Anguloarticular bone</term><term>Anker</term><term>Anterior ceratohyal bone</term><term>Antorbital</term><term>Antorbital bone</term><term>Antorbitolacrimal</term><term>Antorbitolacrimal bone</term><term>Arratia</term><term>Articulates</term><term>Articulation</term><term>Autopalatine</term><term>Autopalatine bone</term><term>Basihyal</term><term>Basihyal cartilage</term><term>Biol</term><term>Bone</term><term>Branchiostegal</term><term>Branchiostegal rays</term><term>Capensis</term><term>Cartilage</term><term>Cartilaginous</term><term>Caudal</term><term>Caudally</term><term>Ceratohyal</term><term>Ceratohyal cartilage</term><term>Chondrocranium</term><term>Circumorbital</term><term>Circumorbital bones</term><term>Coronoid process</term><term>Cranial</term><term>Cranial morphology</term><term>Cranium</term><term>Dentary</term><term>Dentary bone</term><term>Dermal</term><term>Dorsal</term><term>Dorsal part</term><term>Dorsal view</term><term>Dorsally</term><term>Ectopterygoid</term><term>Ectopterygoid bone</term><term>Ethmoid</term><term>Ethmoid plate</term><term>Ethmoid region</term><term>Fuscus</term><term>Gasterosteus</term><term>Gasterosteus aculeatus</term><term>Head length</term><term>Hippocampus</term><term>Hippocampus capensis</term><term>Homology</term><term>Hyoid</term><term>Hyomandibular</term><term>Hyomandibular bone</term><term>Hyomandibular part</term><term>Hyosymplectic</term><term>Hyosymplectic cartilage</term><term>Hypohyal</term><term>Hypohyal cartilage</term><term>Infraorbital</term><term>Infraorbital bones</term><term>Interhyal</term><term>Interhyal bone</term><term>Interhyal cartilage</term><term>Internasal</term><term>Internasal septum</term><term>Interopercular</term><term>Interopercular bone</term><term>Juvenile chondrocranium</term><term>Kadam</term><term>Lacrimal</term><term>Lacrimal bone</term><term>Lamina</term><term>Lateral</term><term>Lateral ethmoid bone</term><term>Lateral view</term><term>Leysen</term><term>Ligament</term><term>Maxillary</term><term>Maxillary bone</term><term>Mesethmoid</term><term>Mesethmoid bone</term><term>Metapterygoid</term><term>Metapterygoid bone</term><term>More caudally</term><term>Morphology</term><term>Nerophis</term><term>Neurocranium</term><term>Opercular</term><term>Opercular bone</term><term>Orbitonasal</term><term>Orbitonasal lamina</term><term>Osse</term><term>Otic</term><term>Otic capsule</term><term>Palatine part</term><term>Palatoquadrate</term><term>Palatoquadrate cartilage</term><term>Parasphenoid</term><term>Parasphenoid bone</term><term>Parietal bone</term><term>Perichondral</term><term>Perichondral part</term><term>Posterior ceratohyal bone</term><term>Premaxillary</term><term>Premaxillary bone</term><term>Premaxillary bones</term><term>Preopercular</term><term>Preopercular bone</term><term>Pterygoid bone</term><term>Pterygoquadrate</term><term>Pterygoquadrate part</term><term>Quadrate</term><term>Quadrate bone</term><term>Reidi</term><term>Retroarticular</term><term>Retroarticular bone</term><term>Right side</term><term>Rostellatus</term><term>Rostral</term><term>Rostral cartilage</term><term>Rostrally</term><term>Scale bars</term><term>Schultze</term><term>Seahorse</term><term>Second infraorbital bone</term><term>Septum</term><term>Shes</term><term>Snout</term><term>Snout elongation</term><term>Snout length</term><term>Standard length</term><term>Subopercular bone</term><term>Suction</term><term>Suspensorium</term><term>Swinnerton</term><term>Symplectic</term><term>Symplectic bone</term><term>Syngnathid</term><term>Syngnathid species</term><term>Syngnathids</term><term>Syngnathus</term><term>Syngnathus rostellatus</term><term>Teleost</term><term>Trabecula communis</term><term>Urohyal</term><term>Urohyal bone</term><term>Ventral</term><term>Ventral view</term><term>Ventrally</term><term>Vomeral</term><term>Vomeral bone</term><term>Wainwright</term><term>Zool</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en"><term>Aculeatus</term><term>Anguloarticular</term><term>Anguloarticular bone</term><term>Anker</term><term>Anterior ceratohyal bone</term><term>Antorbital</term><term>Antorbital bone</term><term>Antorbitolacrimal</term><term>Antorbitolacrimal bone</term><term>Arratia</term><term>Articulates</term><term>Articulation</term><term>Autopalatine</term><term>Autopalatine bone</term><term>Basihyal</term><term>Basihyal cartilage</term><term>Biol</term><term>Bone</term><term>Branchiostegal</term><term>Branchiostegal rays</term><term>Capensis</term><term>Cartilage</term><term>Cartilaginous</term><term>Caudal</term><term>Caudally</term><term>Ceratohyal</term><term>Ceratohyal cartilage</term><term>Chondrocranium</term><term>Circumorbital</term><term>Circumorbital bones</term><term>Coronoid process</term><term>Cranial</term><term>Cranial morphology</term><term>Cranium</term><term>Dentary</term><term>Dentary bone</term><term>Dermal</term><term>Dorsal</term><term>Dorsal part</term><term>Dorsal view</term><term>Dorsally</term><term>Ectopterygoid</term><term>Ectopterygoid bone</term><term>Ethmoid</term><term>Ethmoid plate</term><term>Ethmoid region</term><term>Fuscus</term><term>Gasterosteus</term><term>Gasterosteus aculeatus</term><term>Head length</term><term>Hippocampus</term><term>Hippocampus capensis</term><term>Homology</term><term>Hyoid</term><term>Hyomandibular</term><term>Hyomandibular bone</term><term>Hyomandibular part</term><term>Hyosymplectic</term><term>Hyosymplectic cartilage</term><term>Hypohyal</term><term>Hypohyal cartilage</term><term>Infraorbital</term><term>Infraorbital bones</term><term>Interhyal</term><term>Interhyal bone</term><term>Interhyal cartilage</term><term>Internasal</term><term>Internasal septum</term><term>Interopercular</term><term>Interopercular bone</term><term>Juvenile chondrocranium</term><term>Kadam</term><term>Lacrimal</term><term>Lacrimal bone</term><term>Lamina</term><term>Lateral</term><term>Lateral ethmoid bone</term><term>Lateral view</term><term>Leysen</term><term>Ligament</term><term>Maxillary</term><term>Maxillary bone</term><term>Mesethmoid</term><term>Mesethmoid bone</term><term>Metapterygoid</term><term>Metapterygoid bone</term><term>More caudally</term><term>Morphology</term><term>Nerophis</term><term>Neurocranium</term><term>Opercular</term><term>Opercular bone</term><term>Orbitonasal</term><term>Orbitonasal lamina</term><term>Osse</term><term>Otic</term><term>Otic capsule</term><term>Palatine part</term><term>Palatoquadrate</term><term>Palatoquadrate cartilage</term><term>Parasphenoid</term><term>Parasphenoid bone</term><term>Parietal bone</term><term>Perichondral</term><term>Perichondral part</term><term>Posterior ceratohyal bone</term><term>Premaxillary</term><term>Premaxillary bone</term><term>Premaxillary bones</term><term>Preopercular</term><term>Preopercular bone</term><term>Pterygoid bone</term><term>Pterygoquadrate</term><term>Pterygoquadrate part</term><term>Quadrate</term><term>Quadrate bone</term><term>Reidi</term><term>Retroarticular</term><term>Retroarticular bone</term><term>Right side</term><term>Rostellatus</term><term>Rostral</term><term>Rostral cartilage</term><term>Rostrally</term><term>Scale bars</term><term>Schultze</term><term>Seahorse</term><term>Second infraorbital bone</term><term>Septum</term><term>Shes</term><term>Snout</term><term>Snout elongation</term><term>Snout length</term><term>Standard length</term><term>Subopercular bone</term><term>Suction</term><term>Suspensorium</term><term>Swinnerton</term><term>Symplectic</term><term>Symplectic bone</term><term>Syngnathid</term><term>Syngnathid species</term><term>Syngnathids</term><term>Syngnathus</term><term>Syngnathus rostellatus</term><term>Teleost</term><term>Trabecula communis</term><term>Urohyal</term><term>Urohyal bone</term><term>Ventral</term><term>Ventral view</term><term>Ventrally</term><term>Vomeral</term><term>Vomeral bone</term><term>Wainwright</term><term>Zool</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The long snout of pipefishes and seahorses (Syngnathidae, Gasterosteiformes) is formed as an elongation of the ethmoid region. This is in contrast to many other teleosts with elongate snouts (e.g., butterflyfishes) in which the snout is formed as an extension of the jaws. Syngnathid fishes perform very fast suction feeding, accomplished by powerful neurocranial elevation and hyoid retraction. Clearly, suction through a long and narrow tube and its hydrodynamic implications can be expected to require certain adaptations in the cranium, especially in musculoskeletal elements of the feeding apparatus. Not much is known about which skeletal elements actually support the snout and what the effect of elongation is on related structures. Here, we give a detailed morphological description of the cartilaginous and bony feeding apparatus in both juvenile and adult Syngnathus rostellatus and Hippocampus capensis. Our results are compared with previous morphological studies of a generalized teleost, Gasterosteus aculeatus. We found that the ethmoid region is elongated early during development, with the ethmoid plate, the hyosymplectic, and the basihyal cartilage being extended in the chondrocranium. In the juveniles of both species almost all bones are forming, although only as a very thin layer. The elongation of the vomeral, mesethmoid, quadrate, metapterygoid, symplectic, and preopercular bones is already present. Probably, because of the long and specialized parental care which releases advanced developmental stages from the brooding pouch, morphology of the feeding apparatus of juveniles is already very similar to that of the adults. We describe morphological features related to snout elongation that may be considered adaptations for suction feeding; e.g. the peculiar shape of the interhyal bone and its saddle‐shaped articulation with the posterior ceratohyal bone might aid in explosive hyoid retraction by reducing the risk of hyoid dislocation. J. Morphol., 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</div></front></TEI></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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|texte= Cranial architecture of tube‐snouted gasterosteiformes (Syngnathus rostellatus and Hippocampus capensis)
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