A tale of two snails: is the cure worse than the disease?
Identifieur interne : 006274 ( Istex/Curation ); précédent : 006273; suivant : 006275A tale of two snails: is the cure worse than the disease?
Auteurs : L. Civeyrel [France] ; D. Simberloff [États-Unis]Source :
- Biodiversity & Conservation [ 0960-3115 ] ; 1996-10-01.
Descripteurs français
- Wicri :
- geographic : Kenya, Madagascar.
- topic : Production agricole, Valeur économique, Martinique, Maurice.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Academic press, Achatina, Achatina fulica, Achatina fulica bowdich, Achatinella mustelina, Agricultural production, Agriculture hawaiian dept, Agriculture inst, Alien predators, American samoa, Angiostrongylus cantonensis, Bacterium aeromonas hydrophila, Biological control, Biological control agents, Biological control efforts, Biological control programmes, Biological control projects, Bufo marinus, Caledonia, Cane toad, Carnivorous, Carnivorous snail, Carnivorous snail euglandina rosea, Chapman hall, Chemical control, Christmas island, Civeyrel, Clarke, Control agent, Control agents, East africa, Ecological consequences, Economic malacology, Economic value, Edentulina, Edentulina ovoidea, Endemic, Endemic hawaiian tree snails, Endemic snails, Endemic species, Entomological society, Epizootic disease, Euglandina, Euglandina euglandina gonaxis, Euglandina rosea, Extinction, Family streptaxidae, Fauna, Fulica, Fulica invasions, Genus partula, Ghose, Giant african snail, Giant african snail achatina fulica, Gonaxis, Gonaxis kibweziensis, Gonaxis quadrilateralis, Hadfield, Hand removal, Hawaiian, Hawaiian islands, High densities, Howarth, Human health, Japanese army, Kenya, Lambert, Land snail species, Land snails, Larger prey, Little evidence, Lutte biologique contre, Madagascar, Mariana, Martinique, Mauritius, Mead, Metric tons, Moorea, Muniappan, Native snails, Native species, Natural areas, Natural enemies, Norris, Oahu, Other costs, Other predators, Other regions, Other species, Pacific islands, Pacifique, Palcy, Platydemus, Platydemus manokwari, Pointier, Predation, Predator, Predatory snails, Prey species, Pristine habitats, Proc, Ranaivosoa, Raut, Recherche agronomique, Recherche agronomique tropicale, Rosea, Sampling method, Selection criteria, Services ruraux, Services ruraux commission, Simberloff, Slime trails, Snail, Snail fauna, Snail species, Society islands, Solem, Stable phase, Tillier, Tree snails, Unintended effects, Waterhouse, West africa.
- Teeft :
- Academic press, Achatina, Achatina fulica, Achatina fulica bowdich, Achatinella mustelina, Agricultural production, Agriculture hawaiian dept, Agriculture inst, Alien predators, American samoa, Angiostrongylus cantonensis, Bacterium aeromonas hydrophila, Biological control, Biological control agents, Biological control efforts, Biological control programmes, Biological control projects, Bufo marinus, Caledonia, Cane toad, Carnivorous, Carnivorous snail, Carnivorous snail euglandina rosea, Chapman hall, Chemical control, Christmas island, Civeyrel, Clarke, Control agent, Control agents, East africa, Ecological consequences, Economic malacology, Economic value, Edentulina, Edentulina ovoidea, Endemic, Endemic hawaiian tree snails, Endemic snails, Endemic species, Entomological society, Epizootic disease, Euglandina, Euglandina euglandina gonaxis, Euglandina rosea, Extinction, Family streptaxidae, Fauna, Fulica, Fulica invasions, Genus partula, Ghose, Giant african snail, Giant african snail achatina fulica, Gonaxis, Gonaxis kibweziensis, Gonaxis quadrilateralis, Hadfield, Hand removal, Hawaiian, Hawaiian islands, High densities, Howarth, Human health, Japanese army, Kenya, Lambert, Land snail species, Land snails, Larger prey, Little evidence, Lutte biologique contre, Madagascar, Mariana, Martinique, Mauritius, Mead, Metric tons, Moorea, Muniappan, Native snails, Native species, Natural areas, Natural enemies, Norris, Oahu, Other costs, Other predators, Other regions, Other species, Pacific islands, Pacifique, Palcy, Platydemus, Platydemus manokwari, Pointier, Predation, Predator, Predatory snails, Prey species, Pristine habitats, Proc, Ranaivosoa, Raut, Recherche agronomique, Recherche agronomique tropicale, Rosea, Sampling method, Selection criteria, Services ruraux, Services ruraux commission, Simberloff, Slime trails, Snail, Snail fauna, Snail species, Society islands, Solem, Stable phase, Tillier, Tree snails, Unintended effects, Waterhouse, West africa.
Abstract
: The giant African snail, Achatina fulica, has been introduced to many parts of Asia as well as to numerous islands in the Indian and Pacific Ocean, and has recently reached the West Indies. It has been widely decried as a disaster to agricultural economies and a threat to human health, leading to a clamor for the introduction of biological control agents. In fact, the lasting impact on agriculture may not be severe, and the human health risk is probably minor. This snail can be an aesthetic atrocity and a nuisance in other ways, however. Wherever A. fulica has achieved high densities, it has subsequently undergone a striking decline. Although this decline has been attributed to introduced predators, there is little evidence for this hypothesis; instead, epizootic disease seems to be at least part of the cause. However, the introduced predators, especially a New World snail, Euglandina rosea, have wrought havoc with the native land snails of many islands. They have already caused many extinctions and will almost certainly cause others. This predator was introduced by government agencies in many areas despite warnings from competent biologists that the effects could be disastrous. Pressures for such actions may become overwhelming in the face of a highly visible invasion, despite policies that should mandate extreme caution.
Url:
DOI: 10.1007/BF00051574
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<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Academic press</term>
<term>Achatina</term>
<term>Achatina fulica</term>
<term>Achatina fulica bowdich</term>
<term>Achatinella mustelina</term>
<term>Agricultural production</term>
<term>Agriculture hawaiian dept</term>
<term>Agriculture inst</term>
<term>Alien predators</term>
<term>American samoa</term>
<term>Angiostrongylus cantonensis</term>
<term>Bacterium aeromonas hydrophila</term>
<term>Biological control</term>
<term>Biological control agents</term>
<term>Biological control efforts</term>
<term>Biological control programmes</term>
<term>Biological control projects</term>
<term>Bufo marinus</term>
<term>Caledonia</term>
<term>Cane toad</term>
<term>Carnivorous</term>
<term>Carnivorous snail</term>
<term>Carnivorous snail euglandina rosea</term>
<term>Chapman hall</term>
<term>Chemical control</term>
<term>Christmas island</term>
<term>Civeyrel</term>
<term>Clarke</term>
<term>Control agent</term>
<term>Control agents</term>
<term>East africa</term>
<term>Ecological consequences</term>
<term>Economic malacology</term>
<term>Economic value</term>
<term>Edentulina</term>
<term>Edentulina ovoidea</term>
<term>Endemic</term>
<term>Endemic hawaiian tree snails</term>
<term>Endemic snails</term>
<term>Endemic species</term>
<term>Entomological society</term>
<term>Epizootic disease</term>
<term>Euglandina</term>
<term>Euglandina euglandina gonaxis</term>
<term>Euglandina rosea</term>
<term>Extinction</term>
<term>Family streptaxidae</term>
<term>Fauna</term>
<term>Fulica</term>
<term>Fulica invasions</term>
<term>Genus partula</term>
<term>Ghose</term>
<term>Giant african snail</term>
<term>Giant african snail achatina fulica</term>
<term>Gonaxis</term>
<term>Gonaxis kibweziensis</term>
<term>Gonaxis quadrilateralis</term>
<term>Hadfield</term>
<term>Hand removal</term>
<term>Hawaiian</term>
<term>Hawaiian islands</term>
<term>High densities</term>
<term>Howarth</term>
<term>Human health</term>
<term>Japanese army</term>
<term>Kenya</term>
<term>Lambert</term>
<term>Land snail species</term>
<term>Land snails</term>
<term>Larger prey</term>
<term>Little evidence</term>
<term>Lutte biologique contre</term>
<term>Madagascar</term>
<term>Mariana</term>
<term>Martinique</term>
<term>Mauritius</term>
<term>Mead</term>
<term>Metric tons</term>
<term>Moorea</term>
<term>Muniappan</term>
<term>Native snails</term>
<term>Native species</term>
<term>Natural areas</term>
<term>Natural enemies</term>
<term>Norris</term>
<term>Oahu</term>
<term>Other costs</term>
<term>Other predators</term>
<term>Other regions</term>
<term>Other species</term>
<term>Pacific islands</term>
<term>Pacifique</term>
<term>Palcy</term>
<term>Platydemus</term>
<term>Platydemus manokwari</term>
<term>Pointier</term>
<term>Predation</term>
<term>Predator</term>
<term>Predatory snails</term>
<term>Prey species</term>
<term>Pristine habitats</term>
<term>Proc</term>
<term>Ranaivosoa</term>
<term>Raut</term>
<term>Recherche agronomique</term>
<term>Recherche agronomique tropicale</term>
<term>Rosea</term>
<term>Sampling method</term>
<term>Selection criteria</term>
<term>Services ruraux</term>
<term>Services ruraux commission</term>
<term>Simberloff</term>
<term>Slime trails</term>
<term>Snail</term>
<term>Snail fauna</term>
<term>Snail species</term>
<term>Society islands</term>
<term>Solem</term>
<term>Stable phase</term>
<term>Tillier</term>
<term>Tree snails</term>
<term>Unintended effects</term>
<term>Waterhouse</term>
<term>West africa</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en"><term>Academic press</term>
<term>Achatina</term>
<term>Achatina fulica</term>
<term>Achatina fulica bowdich</term>
<term>Achatinella mustelina</term>
<term>Agricultural production</term>
<term>Agriculture hawaiian dept</term>
<term>Agriculture inst</term>
<term>Alien predators</term>
<term>American samoa</term>
<term>Angiostrongylus cantonensis</term>
<term>Bacterium aeromonas hydrophila</term>
<term>Biological control</term>
<term>Biological control agents</term>
<term>Biological control efforts</term>
<term>Biological control programmes</term>
<term>Biological control projects</term>
<term>Bufo marinus</term>
<term>Caledonia</term>
<term>Cane toad</term>
<term>Carnivorous</term>
<term>Carnivorous snail</term>
<term>Carnivorous snail euglandina rosea</term>
<term>Chapman hall</term>
<term>Chemical control</term>
<term>Christmas island</term>
<term>Civeyrel</term>
<term>Clarke</term>
<term>Control agent</term>
<term>Control agents</term>
<term>East africa</term>
<term>Ecological consequences</term>
<term>Economic malacology</term>
<term>Economic value</term>
<term>Edentulina</term>
<term>Edentulina ovoidea</term>
<term>Endemic</term>
<term>Endemic hawaiian tree snails</term>
<term>Endemic snails</term>
<term>Endemic species</term>
<term>Entomological society</term>
<term>Epizootic disease</term>
<term>Euglandina</term>
<term>Euglandina euglandina gonaxis</term>
<term>Euglandina rosea</term>
<term>Extinction</term>
<term>Family streptaxidae</term>
<term>Fauna</term>
<term>Fulica</term>
<term>Fulica invasions</term>
<term>Genus partula</term>
<term>Ghose</term>
<term>Giant african snail</term>
<term>Giant african snail achatina fulica</term>
<term>Gonaxis</term>
<term>Gonaxis kibweziensis</term>
<term>Gonaxis quadrilateralis</term>
<term>Hadfield</term>
<term>Hand removal</term>
<term>Hawaiian</term>
<term>Hawaiian islands</term>
<term>High densities</term>
<term>Howarth</term>
<term>Human health</term>
<term>Japanese army</term>
<term>Kenya</term>
<term>Lambert</term>
<term>Land snail species</term>
<term>Land snails</term>
<term>Larger prey</term>
<term>Little evidence</term>
<term>Lutte biologique contre</term>
<term>Madagascar</term>
<term>Mariana</term>
<term>Martinique</term>
<term>Mauritius</term>
<term>Mead</term>
<term>Metric tons</term>
<term>Moorea</term>
<term>Muniappan</term>
<term>Native snails</term>
<term>Native species</term>
<term>Natural areas</term>
<term>Natural enemies</term>
<term>Norris</term>
<term>Oahu</term>
<term>Other costs</term>
<term>Other predators</term>
<term>Other regions</term>
<term>Other species</term>
<term>Pacific islands</term>
<term>Pacifique</term>
<term>Palcy</term>
<term>Platydemus</term>
<term>Platydemus manokwari</term>
<term>Pointier</term>
<term>Predation</term>
<term>Predator</term>
<term>Predatory snails</term>
<term>Prey species</term>
<term>Pristine habitats</term>
<term>Proc</term>
<term>Ranaivosoa</term>
<term>Raut</term>
<term>Recherche agronomique</term>
<term>Recherche agronomique tropicale</term>
<term>Rosea</term>
<term>Sampling method</term>
<term>Selection criteria</term>
<term>Services ruraux</term>
<term>Services ruraux commission</term>
<term>Simberloff</term>
<term>Slime trails</term>
<term>Snail</term>
<term>Snail fauna</term>
<term>Snail species</term>
<term>Society islands</term>
<term>Solem</term>
<term>Stable phase</term>
<term>Tillier</term>
<term>Tree snails</term>
<term>Unintended effects</term>
<term>Waterhouse</term>
<term>West africa</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="Wicri" type="geographic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Kenya</term>
<term>Madagascar</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="Wicri" type="topic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Production agricole</term>
<term>Valeur économique</term>
<term>Martinique</term>
<term>Maurice</term>
</keywords>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">: The giant African snail, Achatina fulica, has been introduced to many parts of Asia as well as to numerous islands in the Indian and Pacific Ocean, and has recently reached the West Indies. It has been widely decried as a disaster to agricultural economies and a threat to human health, leading to a clamor for the introduction of biological control agents. In fact, the lasting impact on agriculture may not be severe, and the human health risk is probably minor. This snail can be an aesthetic atrocity and a nuisance in other ways, however. Wherever A. fulica has achieved high densities, it has subsequently undergone a striking decline. Although this decline has been attributed to introduced predators, there is little evidence for this hypothesis; instead, epizootic disease seems to be at least part of the cause. However, the introduced predators, especially a New World snail, Euglandina rosea, have wrought havoc with the native land snails of many islands. They have already caused many extinctions and will almost certainly cause others. This predator was introduced by government agencies in many areas despite warnings from competent biologists that the effects could be disastrous. Pressures for such actions may become overwhelming in the face of a highly visible invasion, despite policies that should mandate extreme caution.</div>
</front>
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