The South American catfish genus Auchenipterus Valenciennes, 1840 (Ostariophysi: Siluriformes: Auchenipteridae): monophyly and relationships, with a revisionary study
Identifieur interne : 005694 ( Istex/Curation ); précédent : 005693; suivant : 005695The South American catfish genus Auchenipterus Valenciennes, 1840 (Ostariophysi: Siluriformes: Auchenipteridae): monophyly and relationships, with a revisionary study
Auteurs : Carl J. Ferraris Jr. [États-Unis] ; Richard P. Vari [États-Unis]Source :
- Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society [ 0024-4082 ] ; 1999-08.
Descripteurs français
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adipose, Adipose dorsal, Adpressed, Adpressed pectoral, Adult females, Adult males, Agassiz, Agostinho, Agua, Amazon, Amazon basin, Amazona, Ambyiacus, Amnh, Anal, Ansp, Anterior, Anterior margin, Anterior nares, Anterior rays, Anteriorly, Anus, Approx, Argentina, Auchenipteridae, Auchenipterids, Auchenipterus, Auchenipterus brachyurus, Auchenipterus britskii, Auchenipterus menezesi, Auchenipterus nuchalis, Auchenipterus osteomystax, Auchenipterus species, Barbel, Basal, Basal half, Basal portion, Basally, Bleeker, Bmnh, Body depth, Body greyish, Body width, Bolivia, Boulenger, Brachyurus, Branchiostegal, Branchiostegal membranes, Brevior, British museum, Britskii, Buenos aires, Canal, Canal bifurcates, Canal branches, Canal forms, Catfish, Caudal, Caudal vertebrae, Ceratocheilus, Ciencias naturales, Citation, Cleithrum, Cobmbetes, Concave dorsal part, Connective tissue, Convex, Convex lobe, Corantijn river, Cuvier, Cuvier valenciennes, Dark pigmentation, Dark pigmentation basally, Darker dorsally, Demerara, Demerara river, Demerarae, Dentatus, Devincenzi, Dimorphism, Distal segment, Distally, Dorsal, Dorsal margin, Dorsal part, Dorsal surface, Dorsally, Ecuador, Eigenmann, Eigenmann eigenmann, Epapterus, Epidermal tissue, Eschmeyer, Eschmeyer bailey, Euanemus, Euanemus cobmbetes, Fauna, Ferraris, Fine retrorse spinules, First arch, First gill arch, Flap, Fmnh, Fowler, French guiana, Genital, Genital pore, Genus, Genus auchenipterus, Gill, Gill opening, Gill rakers, Gosline, Grey dorsally, Groove, Guiana, Guyana, Head depth, Historia, Holotype, Humeral, Humeral region, Hyperextended, Hyperextended anteriorly, Hypophthalmus, Hypophthalmus nuchalis spix agassiz, Ictiofauna, Ijui, Interorbital, Interorbital width, Interorbital width averages, Intromittent, Intromittent organ, Irregular rows, Itaipu, Itaipu reservoir, Janauaca, Lago, Largest specimen, Last rays, Last unbranched, Lateral, Lateral line, Lateral margins, Laterally, Latter species, Length posteriorly, Lobe, Locality, Long branches, Lower lobe, Main branch, Mandibular, Mandibular barbels, Margin, Marowijne river, Mature males, Maxillary, Maxillary barbel, Maxillary barbels, Maxillary pair, Mcng, Medial, Medial part, Medial surface, Mees, Membranous attachment, Menezes, Menezesi, Mepn, Mhng, Midlateral, Midline, Miiller, Miranda, Miranda ribeiro, Mnhn, Mnrj, Modally, Mouth terminal, Municipio, Museo, Museu, Museu nacional, Musm, Mzusp, Nacional, Naris, Nasal barbels, Natural history, Neotropical, Nigripinnis, Nominal species, Northeastern brazil, Nuchalis, Nuptial, Nuptial males, Oblique, Oblique branches, Ofthe, Opercular, Opercular flap, Orbital diameter, Orinoco, Ossified, Ossified barbel, Ossified barbels, Ossified portion, Osteomystax, Other auchenipterus species, Other species, Papilla, Para, Paraguay, Parana, Parnaiba, Past middle, Peces, Pectoral, Pelvic, Peruvian amazon, Pigmentation, Pigmentation basally, Plata, Pore, Posterior, Posterior branch, Posterior margin, Posterior portion, Posteriorly, Potaro river, Projects posteriorly, Pseudepapterus, Raker, Rakers, Ray, Rays curves, Regular intervals, Retrorse, Ribeiro, Ringuelet, Rows laterally, Rupununi, Rupununi river, Serrae, Serrae retrorse, Serrated, Sexual dimorphism, Shallow groove, Slender origin, Smallest nuptial, Smithsonian institution, Snout, Snout length, Snout margin, Spine, Spine serrated, Spinelet, Spinules, Spix, Spix agassiz, Standard length, Steindachner, Stout spine, Structural support, Subsequent rays, Suriname, Symphysis, Synonym, Synonymy, Table number, Tapajos, Thin coat, Thin membrane, Tocantins, Tooth band, Tributary, Troschel, Truncate, Type holdings, Type locality, Type species, Type specimens, Ucayali, Ummz, Unbranched, Unmodified, Unpigmented, Upper lobe, Upper portions, Uruguai, Uruguay, Usnm, Valenciennes, Vari, Vari figure, Ventral, Ventral margin, Ventral midline, Ventral surface, Ventral views, Vertebra.
- Teeft :
- Adipose, Adipose dorsal, Adpressed, Adpressed pectoral, Adult females, Adult males, Agassiz, Agostinho, Agua, Amazon, Amazon basin, Amazona, Ambyiacus, Amnh, Anal, Ansp, Anterior, Anterior margin, Anterior nares, Anterior rays, Anteriorly, Anus, Approx, Argentina, Auchenipteridae, Auchenipterids, Auchenipterus, Auchenipterus brachyurus, Auchenipterus britskii, Auchenipterus menezesi, Auchenipterus nuchalis, Auchenipterus osteomystax, Auchenipterus species, Barbel, Basal, Basal half, Basal portion, Basally, Bleeker, Bmnh, Body depth, Body greyish, Body width, Bolivia, Boulenger, Brachyurus, Branchiostegal, Branchiostegal membranes, Brevior, British museum, Britskii, Buenos aires, Canal, Canal bifurcates, Canal branches, Canal forms, Catfish, Caudal, Caudal vertebrae, Ceratocheilus, Ciencias naturales, Citation, Cleithrum, Cobmbetes, Concave dorsal part, Connective tissue, Convex, Convex lobe, Corantijn river, Cuvier, Cuvier valenciennes, Dark pigmentation, Dark pigmentation basally, Darker dorsally, Demerara, Demerara river, Demerarae, Dentatus, Devincenzi, Dimorphism, Distal segment, Distally, Dorsal, Dorsal margin, Dorsal part, Dorsal surface, Dorsally, Ecuador, Eigenmann, Eigenmann eigenmann, Epapterus, Epidermal tissue, Eschmeyer, Eschmeyer bailey, Euanemus, Euanemus cobmbetes, Fauna, Ferraris, Fine retrorse spinules, First arch, First gill arch, Flap, Fmnh, Fowler, French guiana, Genital, Genital pore, Genus, Genus auchenipterus, Gill, Gill opening, Gill rakers, Gosline, Grey dorsally, Groove, Guiana, Guyana, Head depth, Historia, Holotype, Humeral, Humeral region, Hyperextended, Hyperextended anteriorly, Hypophthalmus, Hypophthalmus nuchalis spix agassiz, Ictiofauna, Ijui, Interorbital, Interorbital width, Interorbital width averages, Intromittent, Intromittent organ, Irregular rows, Itaipu, Itaipu reservoir, Janauaca, Lago, Largest specimen, Last rays, Last unbranched, Lateral, Lateral line, Lateral margins, Laterally, Latter species, Length posteriorly, Lobe, Locality, Long branches, Lower lobe, Main branch, Mandibular, Mandibular barbels, Margin, Marowijne river, Mature males, Maxillary, Maxillary barbel, Maxillary barbels, Maxillary pair, Mcng, Medial, Medial part, Medial surface, Mees, Membranous attachment, Menezes, Menezesi, Mepn, Mhng, Midlateral, Midline, Miiller, Miranda, Miranda ribeiro, Mnhn, Mnrj, Modally, Mouth terminal, Municipio, Museo, Museu, Museu nacional, Musm, Mzusp, Nacional, Naris, Nasal barbels, Natural history, Neotropical, Nigripinnis, Nominal species, Northeastern brazil, Nuchalis, Nuptial, Nuptial males, Oblique, Oblique branches, Ofthe, Opercular, Opercular flap, Orbital diameter, Orinoco, Ossified, Ossified barbel, Ossified barbels, Ossified portion, Osteomystax, Other auchenipterus species, Other species, Papilla, Para, Paraguay, Parana, Parnaiba, Past middle, Peces, Pectoral, Pelvic, Peruvian amazon, Pigmentation, Pigmentation basally, Plata, Pore, Posterior, Posterior branch, Posterior margin, Posterior portion, Posteriorly, Potaro river, Projects posteriorly, Pseudepapterus, Raker, Rakers, Ray, Rays curves, Regular intervals, Retrorse, Ribeiro, Ringuelet, Rows laterally, Rupununi, Rupununi river, Serrae, Serrae retrorse, Serrated, Sexual dimorphism, Shallow groove, Slender origin, Smallest nuptial, Smithsonian institution, Snout, Snout length, Snout margin, Spine, Spine serrated, Spinelet, Spinules, Spix, Spix agassiz, Standard length, Steindachner, Stout spine, Structural support, Subsequent rays, Suriname, Symphysis, Synonym, Synonymy, Table number, Tapajos, Thin coat, Thin membrane, Tocantins, Tooth band, Tributary, Troschel, Truncate, Type holdings, Type locality, Type species, Type specimens, Ucayali, Ummz, Unbranched, Unmodified, Unpigmented, Upper lobe, Upper portions, Uruguai, Uruguay, Usnm, Valenciennes, Vari, Vari figure, Ventral, Ventral margin, Ventral midline, Ventral surface, Ventral views, Vertebra.
Abstract
The Neotropical catfishes of the genus Auchenipterus Valenciennes (1840) are reviewed. The genus is hypothesized to be a monophyletic assemblage on the basis of the shared presence of grooves in the ventral surface of the head that accommodate adducted mental barbels. A possible second synapomorphy, the presence of papillae on the dorsal and medial surface of the ossified maxillary barbel of mature males, is tentatively advanced pending discovery of adult males of three species. Contrary to previous hypotheses which considered Auchenipterus to consist of a maximum of five species, we recognize 11 species, including two previously undescribed forms, A. britskii and A. menezesi: Auchenipterus is broadly distributed through the Rio Orinoco, Rio Amazonas, and Rio de La Plata basins, and the coastal drainages of the Guianas, with one species in the Rio Pindare‐Mirim and Rio Parnaiba basins of northeastern Brazil. Auchenipterus nuchalis, previously thought to be broadly distributed across the range of the genus, is found to rather have a restricted distribution in the eastern portions of the Amazon basin, the lower portions of the Rio Tocantins, and lower courses of some rivers in Suriname and French Guiana. Citations of A. nuchalis from elsewhere in the range of the genus are of other species. Euanemus Müller & Troschel (1842) and Ceratocheilus Miranda Ribeiro (1918) are considered synonyms of Auchenipterus. Euanemus colymbetes Müller & Troschel (1842) is considered a synonym of Auchenipterus (fen/ata Valenciennes (1840), and A. paysanduanus Devincenzi (1933) is placed into the synonymy of A. nigripinnis Boulenger (1895). A neotype is designated for Hypopthalmus nuchalis Spix & Agassiz (1829). Lectotypes are designated for Euanemus colymbetes and Auchenipterus nigripinnis.
Url:
DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.1999.tb00156.x
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main">The South American catfish genus <hi rend="italic">Auchenipterus</hi>
Valenciennes, 1840 (Ostariophysi: Siluriformes: Auchenipteridae): monophyly and relationships, with a revisionary study</title>
<author><name sortKey="Ferraris Jr, Carl J" sort="Ferraris Jr, Carl J" uniqKey="Ferraris Jr C" first="Carl J." last="Ferraris Jr.">Carl J. Ferraris Jr.</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Vari, Richard P" sort="Vari, Richard P" uniqKey="Vari R" first="Richard P." last="Vari">Richard P. Vari</name>
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<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adipose</term>
<term>Adipose dorsal</term>
<term>Adpressed</term>
<term>Adpressed pectoral</term>
<term>Adult females</term>
<term>Adult males</term>
<term>Agassiz</term>
<term>Agostinho</term>
<term>Agua</term>
<term>Amazon</term>
<term>Amazon basin</term>
<term>Amazona</term>
<term>Ambyiacus</term>
<term>Amnh</term>
<term>Anal</term>
<term>Ansp</term>
<term>Anterior</term>
<term>Anterior margin</term>
<term>Anterior nares</term>
<term>Anterior rays</term>
<term>Anteriorly</term>
<term>Anus</term>
<term>Approx</term>
<term>Argentina</term>
<term>Auchenipteridae</term>
<term>Auchenipterids</term>
<term>Auchenipterus</term>
<term>Auchenipterus brachyurus</term>
<term>Auchenipterus britskii</term>
<term>Auchenipterus menezesi</term>
<term>Auchenipterus nuchalis</term>
<term>Auchenipterus osteomystax</term>
<term>Auchenipterus species</term>
<term>Barbel</term>
<term>Basal</term>
<term>Basal half</term>
<term>Basal portion</term>
<term>Basally</term>
<term>Bleeker</term>
<term>Bmnh</term>
<term>Body depth</term>
<term>Body greyish</term>
<term>Body width</term>
<term>Bolivia</term>
<term>Boulenger</term>
<term>Brachyurus</term>
<term>Branchiostegal</term>
<term>Branchiostegal membranes</term>
<term>Brevior</term>
<term>British museum</term>
<term>Britskii</term>
<term>Buenos aires</term>
<term>Canal</term>
<term>Canal bifurcates</term>
<term>Canal branches</term>
<term>Canal forms</term>
<term>Catfish</term>
<term>Caudal</term>
<term>Caudal vertebrae</term>
<term>Ceratocheilus</term>
<term>Ciencias naturales</term>
<term>Citation</term>
<term>Cleithrum</term>
<term>Cobmbetes</term>
<term>Concave dorsal part</term>
<term>Connective tissue</term>
<term>Convex</term>
<term>Convex lobe</term>
<term>Corantijn river</term>
<term>Cuvier</term>
<term>Cuvier valenciennes</term>
<term>Dark pigmentation</term>
<term>Dark pigmentation basally</term>
<term>Darker dorsally</term>
<term>Demerara</term>
<term>Demerara river</term>
<term>Demerarae</term>
<term>Dentatus</term>
<term>Devincenzi</term>
<term>Dimorphism</term>
<term>Distal segment</term>
<term>Distally</term>
<term>Dorsal</term>
<term>Dorsal margin</term>
<term>Dorsal part</term>
<term>Dorsal surface</term>
<term>Dorsally</term>
<term>Ecuador</term>
<term>Eigenmann</term>
<term>Eigenmann eigenmann</term>
<term>Epapterus</term>
<term>Epidermal tissue</term>
<term>Eschmeyer</term>
<term>Eschmeyer bailey</term>
<term>Euanemus</term>
<term>Euanemus cobmbetes</term>
<term>Fauna</term>
<term>Ferraris</term>
<term>Fine retrorse spinules</term>
<term>First arch</term>
<term>First gill arch</term>
<term>Flap</term>
<term>Fmnh</term>
<term>Fowler</term>
<term>French guiana</term>
<term>Genital</term>
<term>Genital pore</term>
<term>Genus</term>
<term>Genus auchenipterus</term>
<term>Gill</term>
<term>Gill opening</term>
<term>Gill rakers</term>
<term>Gosline</term>
<term>Grey dorsally</term>
<term>Groove</term>
<term>Guiana</term>
<term>Guyana</term>
<term>Head depth</term>
<term>Historia</term>
<term>Holotype</term>
<term>Humeral</term>
<term>Humeral region</term>
<term>Hyperextended</term>
<term>Hyperextended anteriorly</term>
<term>Hypophthalmus</term>
<term>Hypophthalmus nuchalis spix agassiz</term>
<term>Ictiofauna</term>
<term>Ijui</term>
<term>Interorbital</term>
<term>Interorbital width</term>
<term>Interorbital width averages</term>
<term>Intromittent</term>
<term>Intromittent organ</term>
<term>Irregular rows</term>
<term>Itaipu</term>
<term>Itaipu reservoir</term>
<term>Janauaca</term>
<term>Lago</term>
<term>Largest specimen</term>
<term>Last rays</term>
<term>Last unbranched</term>
<term>Lateral</term>
<term>Lateral line</term>
<term>Lateral margins</term>
<term>Laterally</term>
<term>Latter species</term>
<term>Length posteriorly</term>
<term>Lobe</term>
<term>Locality</term>
<term>Long branches</term>
<term>Lower lobe</term>
<term>Main branch</term>
<term>Mandibular</term>
<term>Mandibular barbels</term>
<term>Margin</term>
<term>Marowijne river</term>
<term>Mature males</term>
<term>Maxillary</term>
<term>Maxillary barbel</term>
<term>Maxillary barbels</term>
<term>Maxillary pair</term>
<term>Mcng</term>
<term>Medial</term>
<term>Medial part</term>
<term>Medial surface</term>
<term>Mees</term>
<term>Membranous attachment</term>
<term>Menezes</term>
<term>Menezesi</term>
<term>Mepn</term>
<term>Mhng</term>
<term>Midlateral</term>
<term>Midline</term>
<term>Miiller</term>
<term>Miranda</term>
<term>Miranda ribeiro</term>
<term>Mnhn</term>
<term>Mnrj</term>
<term>Modally</term>
<term>Mouth terminal</term>
<term>Municipio</term>
<term>Museo</term>
<term>Museu</term>
<term>Museu nacional</term>
<term>Musm</term>
<term>Mzusp</term>
<term>Nacional</term>
<term>Naris</term>
<term>Nasal barbels</term>
<term>Natural history</term>
<term>Neotropical</term>
<term>Nigripinnis</term>
<term>Nominal species</term>
<term>Northeastern brazil</term>
<term>Nuchalis</term>
<term>Nuptial</term>
<term>Nuptial males</term>
<term>Oblique</term>
<term>Oblique branches</term>
<term>Ofthe</term>
<term>Opercular</term>
<term>Opercular flap</term>
<term>Orbital diameter</term>
<term>Orinoco</term>
<term>Ossified</term>
<term>Ossified barbel</term>
<term>Ossified barbels</term>
<term>Ossified portion</term>
<term>Osteomystax</term>
<term>Other auchenipterus species</term>
<term>Other species</term>
<term>Papilla</term>
<term>Para</term>
<term>Paraguay</term>
<term>Parana</term>
<term>Parnaiba</term>
<term>Past middle</term>
<term>Peces</term>
<term>Pectoral</term>
<term>Pelvic</term>
<term>Peruvian amazon</term>
<term>Pigmentation</term>
<term>Pigmentation basally</term>
<term>Plata</term>
<term>Pore</term>
<term>Posterior</term>
<term>Posterior branch</term>
<term>Posterior margin</term>
<term>Posterior portion</term>
<term>Posteriorly</term>
<term>Potaro river</term>
<term>Projects posteriorly</term>
<term>Pseudepapterus</term>
<term>Raker</term>
<term>Rakers</term>
<term>Ray</term>
<term>Rays curves</term>
<term>Regular intervals</term>
<term>Retrorse</term>
<term>Ribeiro</term>
<term>Ringuelet</term>
<term>Rows laterally</term>
<term>Rupununi</term>
<term>Rupununi river</term>
<term>Serrae</term>
<term>Serrae retrorse</term>
<term>Serrated</term>
<term>Sexual dimorphism</term>
<term>Shallow groove</term>
<term>Slender origin</term>
<term>Smallest nuptial</term>
<term>Smithsonian institution</term>
<term>Snout</term>
<term>Snout length</term>
<term>Snout margin</term>
<term>Spine</term>
<term>Spine serrated</term>
<term>Spinelet</term>
<term>Spinules</term>
<term>Spix</term>
<term>Spix agassiz</term>
<term>Standard length</term>
<term>Steindachner</term>
<term>Stout spine</term>
<term>Structural support</term>
<term>Subsequent rays</term>
<term>Suriname</term>
<term>Symphysis</term>
<term>Synonym</term>
<term>Synonymy</term>
<term>Table number</term>
<term>Tapajos</term>
<term>Thin coat</term>
<term>Thin membrane</term>
<term>Tocantins</term>
<term>Tooth band</term>
<term>Tributary</term>
<term>Troschel</term>
<term>Truncate</term>
<term>Type holdings</term>
<term>Type locality</term>
<term>Type species</term>
<term>Type specimens</term>
<term>Ucayali</term>
<term>Ummz</term>
<term>Unbranched</term>
<term>Unmodified</term>
<term>Unpigmented</term>
<term>Upper lobe</term>
<term>Upper portions</term>
<term>Uruguai</term>
<term>Uruguay</term>
<term>Usnm</term>
<term>Valenciennes</term>
<term>Vari</term>
<term>Vari figure</term>
<term>Ventral</term>
<term>Ventral margin</term>
<term>Ventral midline</term>
<term>Ventral surface</term>
<term>Ventral views</term>
<term>Vertebra</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en"><term>Adipose</term>
<term>Adipose dorsal</term>
<term>Adpressed</term>
<term>Adpressed pectoral</term>
<term>Adult females</term>
<term>Adult males</term>
<term>Agassiz</term>
<term>Agostinho</term>
<term>Agua</term>
<term>Amazon</term>
<term>Amazon basin</term>
<term>Amazona</term>
<term>Ambyiacus</term>
<term>Amnh</term>
<term>Anal</term>
<term>Ansp</term>
<term>Anterior</term>
<term>Anterior margin</term>
<term>Anterior nares</term>
<term>Anterior rays</term>
<term>Anteriorly</term>
<term>Anus</term>
<term>Approx</term>
<term>Argentina</term>
<term>Auchenipteridae</term>
<term>Auchenipterids</term>
<term>Auchenipterus</term>
<term>Auchenipterus brachyurus</term>
<term>Auchenipterus britskii</term>
<term>Auchenipterus menezesi</term>
<term>Auchenipterus nuchalis</term>
<term>Auchenipterus osteomystax</term>
<term>Auchenipterus species</term>
<term>Barbel</term>
<term>Basal</term>
<term>Basal half</term>
<term>Basal portion</term>
<term>Basally</term>
<term>Bleeker</term>
<term>Bmnh</term>
<term>Body depth</term>
<term>Body greyish</term>
<term>Body width</term>
<term>Bolivia</term>
<term>Boulenger</term>
<term>Brachyurus</term>
<term>Branchiostegal</term>
<term>Branchiostegal membranes</term>
<term>Brevior</term>
<term>British museum</term>
<term>Britskii</term>
<term>Buenos aires</term>
<term>Canal</term>
<term>Canal bifurcates</term>
<term>Canal branches</term>
<term>Canal forms</term>
<term>Catfish</term>
<term>Caudal</term>
<term>Caudal vertebrae</term>
<term>Ceratocheilus</term>
<term>Ciencias naturales</term>
<term>Citation</term>
<term>Cleithrum</term>
<term>Cobmbetes</term>
<term>Concave dorsal part</term>
<term>Connective tissue</term>
<term>Convex</term>
<term>Convex lobe</term>
<term>Corantijn river</term>
<term>Cuvier</term>
<term>Cuvier valenciennes</term>
<term>Dark pigmentation</term>
<term>Dark pigmentation basally</term>
<term>Darker dorsally</term>
<term>Demerara</term>
<term>Demerara river</term>
<term>Demerarae</term>
<term>Dentatus</term>
<term>Devincenzi</term>
<term>Dimorphism</term>
<term>Distal segment</term>
<term>Distally</term>
<term>Dorsal</term>
<term>Dorsal margin</term>
<term>Dorsal part</term>
<term>Dorsal surface</term>
<term>Dorsally</term>
<term>Ecuador</term>
<term>Eigenmann</term>
<term>Eigenmann eigenmann</term>
<term>Epapterus</term>
<term>Epidermal tissue</term>
<term>Eschmeyer</term>
<term>Eschmeyer bailey</term>
<term>Euanemus</term>
<term>Euanemus cobmbetes</term>
<term>Fauna</term>
<term>Ferraris</term>
<term>Fine retrorse spinules</term>
<term>First arch</term>
<term>First gill arch</term>
<term>Flap</term>
<term>Fmnh</term>
<term>Fowler</term>
<term>French guiana</term>
<term>Genital</term>
<term>Genital pore</term>
<term>Genus</term>
<term>Genus auchenipterus</term>
<term>Gill</term>
<term>Gill opening</term>
<term>Gill rakers</term>
<term>Gosline</term>
<term>Grey dorsally</term>
<term>Groove</term>
<term>Guiana</term>
<term>Guyana</term>
<term>Head depth</term>
<term>Historia</term>
<term>Holotype</term>
<term>Humeral</term>
<term>Humeral region</term>
<term>Hyperextended</term>
<term>Hyperextended anteriorly</term>
<term>Hypophthalmus</term>
<term>Hypophthalmus nuchalis spix agassiz</term>
<term>Ictiofauna</term>
<term>Ijui</term>
<term>Interorbital</term>
<term>Interorbital width</term>
<term>Interorbital width averages</term>
<term>Intromittent</term>
<term>Intromittent organ</term>
<term>Irregular rows</term>
<term>Itaipu</term>
<term>Itaipu reservoir</term>
<term>Janauaca</term>
<term>Lago</term>
<term>Largest specimen</term>
<term>Last rays</term>
<term>Last unbranched</term>
<term>Lateral</term>
<term>Lateral line</term>
<term>Lateral margins</term>
<term>Laterally</term>
<term>Latter species</term>
<term>Length posteriorly</term>
<term>Lobe</term>
<term>Locality</term>
<term>Long branches</term>
<term>Lower lobe</term>
<term>Main branch</term>
<term>Mandibular</term>
<term>Mandibular barbels</term>
<term>Margin</term>
<term>Marowijne river</term>
<term>Mature males</term>
<term>Maxillary</term>
<term>Maxillary barbel</term>
<term>Maxillary barbels</term>
<term>Maxillary pair</term>
<term>Mcng</term>
<term>Medial</term>
<term>Medial part</term>
<term>Medial surface</term>
<term>Mees</term>
<term>Membranous attachment</term>
<term>Menezes</term>
<term>Menezesi</term>
<term>Mepn</term>
<term>Mhng</term>
<term>Midlateral</term>
<term>Midline</term>
<term>Miiller</term>
<term>Miranda</term>
<term>Miranda ribeiro</term>
<term>Mnhn</term>
<term>Mnrj</term>
<term>Modally</term>
<term>Mouth terminal</term>
<term>Municipio</term>
<term>Museo</term>
<term>Museu</term>
<term>Museu nacional</term>
<term>Musm</term>
<term>Mzusp</term>
<term>Nacional</term>
<term>Naris</term>
<term>Nasal barbels</term>
<term>Natural history</term>
<term>Neotropical</term>
<term>Nigripinnis</term>
<term>Nominal species</term>
<term>Northeastern brazil</term>
<term>Nuchalis</term>
<term>Nuptial</term>
<term>Nuptial males</term>
<term>Oblique</term>
<term>Oblique branches</term>
<term>Ofthe</term>
<term>Opercular</term>
<term>Opercular flap</term>
<term>Orbital diameter</term>
<term>Orinoco</term>
<term>Ossified</term>
<term>Ossified barbel</term>
<term>Ossified barbels</term>
<term>Ossified portion</term>
<term>Osteomystax</term>
<term>Other auchenipterus species</term>
<term>Other species</term>
<term>Papilla</term>
<term>Para</term>
<term>Paraguay</term>
<term>Parana</term>
<term>Parnaiba</term>
<term>Past middle</term>
<term>Peces</term>
<term>Pectoral</term>
<term>Pelvic</term>
<term>Peruvian amazon</term>
<term>Pigmentation</term>
<term>Pigmentation basally</term>
<term>Plata</term>
<term>Pore</term>
<term>Posterior</term>
<term>Posterior branch</term>
<term>Posterior margin</term>
<term>Posterior portion</term>
<term>Posteriorly</term>
<term>Potaro river</term>
<term>Projects posteriorly</term>
<term>Pseudepapterus</term>
<term>Raker</term>
<term>Rakers</term>
<term>Ray</term>
<term>Rays curves</term>
<term>Regular intervals</term>
<term>Retrorse</term>
<term>Ribeiro</term>
<term>Ringuelet</term>
<term>Rows laterally</term>
<term>Rupununi</term>
<term>Rupununi river</term>
<term>Serrae</term>
<term>Serrae retrorse</term>
<term>Serrated</term>
<term>Sexual dimorphism</term>
<term>Shallow groove</term>
<term>Slender origin</term>
<term>Smallest nuptial</term>
<term>Smithsonian institution</term>
<term>Snout</term>
<term>Snout length</term>
<term>Snout margin</term>
<term>Spine</term>
<term>Spine serrated</term>
<term>Spinelet</term>
<term>Spinules</term>
<term>Spix</term>
<term>Spix agassiz</term>
<term>Standard length</term>
<term>Steindachner</term>
<term>Stout spine</term>
<term>Structural support</term>
<term>Subsequent rays</term>
<term>Suriname</term>
<term>Symphysis</term>
<term>Synonym</term>
<term>Synonymy</term>
<term>Table number</term>
<term>Tapajos</term>
<term>Thin coat</term>
<term>Thin membrane</term>
<term>Tocantins</term>
<term>Tooth band</term>
<term>Tributary</term>
<term>Troschel</term>
<term>Truncate</term>
<term>Type holdings</term>
<term>Type locality</term>
<term>Type species</term>
<term>Type specimens</term>
<term>Ucayali</term>
<term>Ummz</term>
<term>Unbranched</term>
<term>Unmodified</term>
<term>Unpigmented</term>
<term>Upper lobe</term>
<term>Upper portions</term>
<term>Uruguai</term>
<term>Uruguay</term>
<term>Usnm</term>
<term>Valenciennes</term>
<term>Vari</term>
<term>Vari figure</term>
<term>Ventral</term>
<term>Ventral margin</term>
<term>Ventral midline</term>
<term>Ventral surface</term>
<term>Ventral views</term>
<term>Vertebra</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="Wicri" type="geographic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Argentine</term>
<term>Équateur</term>
<term>Guyana</term>
<term>Paraguay</term>
<term>Suriname</term>
<term>Uruguay</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="Wicri" type="topic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Bolivie</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The Neotropical catfishes of the genus Auchenipterus Valenciennes (1840) are reviewed. The genus is hypothesized to be a monophyletic assemblage on the basis of the shared presence of grooves in the ventral surface of the head that accommodate adducted mental barbels. A possible second synapomorphy, the presence of papillae on the dorsal and medial surface of the ossified maxillary barbel of mature males, is tentatively advanced pending discovery of adult males of three species. Contrary to previous hypotheses which considered Auchenipterus to consist of a maximum of five species, we recognize 11 species, including two previously undescribed forms, A. britskii and A. menezesi: Auchenipterus is broadly distributed through the Rio Orinoco, Rio Amazonas, and Rio de La Plata basins, and the coastal drainages of the Guianas, with one species in the Rio Pindare‐Mirim and Rio Parnaiba basins of northeastern Brazil. Auchenipterus nuchalis, previously thought to be broadly distributed across the range of the genus, is found to rather have a restricted distribution in the eastern portions of the Amazon basin, the lower portions of the Rio Tocantins, and lower courses of some rivers in Suriname and French Guiana. Citations of A. nuchalis from elsewhere in the range of the genus are of other species. Euanemus Müller & Troschel (1842) and Ceratocheilus Miranda Ribeiro (1918) are considered synonyms of Auchenipterus. Euanemus colymbetes Müller & Troschel (1842) is considered a synonym of Auchenipterus (fen/ata Valenciennes (1840), and A. paysanduanus Devincenzi (1933) is placed into the synonymy of A. nigripinnis Boulenger (1895). A neotype is designated for Hypopthalmus nuchalis Spix & Agassiz (1829). Lectotypes are designated for Euanemus colymbetes and Auchenipterus nigripinnis.</div>
</front>
</TEI>
</record>
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