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Toothless predators: feeding performance and techniques among the piscivores within Lake Tana's endemic barbus species flock (Pisces:Cyprinidae)

Identifieur interne : 003709 ( Istex/Curation ); précédent : 003708; suivant : 003710

Toothless predators: feeding performance and techniques among the piscivores within Lake Tana's endemic barbus species flock (Pisces:Cyprinidae)

Auteurs : M. De Graaf [Pays-Bas] ; F. A. Sibbing [Pays-Bas] ; J. W. M. Osse [Pays-Bas]

Source :

RBID : ISTEX:6F415689A81AA76995A09ED86079608D78BFA963

Descripteurs français

English descriptors

Abstract

With more than 2000 fish species the Cyprinidae is the largest family of vertebrates. Lake Tana, a large lake (3050 km2) situated in the NW‐ highlands of Ethiopia, harbours, as far as we know the only remaining intact species flock of large (max. 100 cm FL) cyprinid fishes (15 Barbus spp.). One of the most intriguing aspects of this endemic Barbus species flock is the large number of piscivores (8). Cyprinid fishes seem not well designed for piscivory, they lack teeth in the oral jaw, have a small slit‐shaped pharyngeal cavity and all lack a stomach with low pH for digesting large prey. Many barbs are benthivorous species, like the ancestral barb in Lake Tana's isolated system. Why then is piscivory, which is rare among cyprinids, so common in Lake Tana Barbus? The aim of present study was to compare the performance and techniques of these piscivorous Barbus with known piscivores from other fish families. We studied prey handling times over prey size, prey capture using high‐speed movies, and assessed the effect of prey size on performance and prey selection in the field. Performances were explained by functional morphology of their feeding system. Overall, Lake Tana's piscivorous Barbus perform relatively ‘poor’, compared to piscivores from other fish families. For example, Lake Tana's piscivores are only able to handle prey fish smaller than 16% of their own body length. However, Lake Tana lacks potential piscivorous competitors, rendering the piscivorous Barbus by far the ‘best’ and apparently highly successful. They have adapted to all available macro‐habitats (littoral, offshore pelagic and offshore benthic), using different techniques (ambush, pursuit and cruising), a unique scenario for barbs.

Url:
DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2003.0216h.x

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ISTEX:6F415689A81AA76995A09ED86079608D78BFA963

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<term>Different light intensities</term>
<term>Different populations</term>
<term>Different size</term>
<term>Dispersal</term>
<term>Dominance hierarchies</term>
<term>Dominance rank</term>
<term>Dominant fish</term>
<term>Dynamics</term>
<term>Early life history characteristics</term>
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<term>Ecology</term>
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<term>Energy expenditure</term>
<term>Environmental</term>
<term>Environmental conditions</term>
<term>Environmental extremes</term>
<term>European bitterling</term>
<term>Excysted metacercariae</term>
<term>Experimental control</term>
<term>Experimental zoology group</term>
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<term>Feed intake</term>
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<term>Fertilization</term>
<term>Field data</term>
<term>Filial cannibalism</term>
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<term>Foraging</term>
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<term>Freshwater</term>
<term>Freshwater laboratory</term>
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<term>Functional response</term>
<term>Future studies</term>
<term>Gadus morhua</term>
<term>Gasterosteus</term>
<term>Gasterosteus aculeatus</term>
<term>Genetic basis</term>
<term>Genetic differences</term>
<term>Gill chamber</term>
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<term>Goby</term>
<term>Greater numbers</term>
<term>Growth rate</term>
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<term>Habitat</term>
<term>Habitat choice</term>
<term>Habitat preference</term>
<term>Hatchery</term>
<term>Hatchery fish</term>
<term>Helsinki</term>
<term>Homing behaviour</term>
<term>Honest signal</term>
<term>Host behaviour change</term>
<term>Important fish species</term>
<term>Individual differences</term>
<term>Individual fish</term>
<term>Internal fertilization</term>
<term>Intraspecific variability</term>
<term>Isle</term>
<term>Juvenile atlantic salmon</term>
<term>Juvenile sticklebacks</term>
<term>Karlskrona archipelago</term>
<term>Knipowitschia panizzae</term>
<term>Kyoto japan</term>
<term>Kyoto university</term>
<term>Laboratory experiments</term>
<term>Laboratory studies</term>
<term>Lake tana</term>
<term>Large males</term>
<term>Larger males</term>
<term>Larval dispersal</term>
<term>Late afternoon</term>
<term>Leeds</term>
<term>Life cycle</term>
<term>Light environments</term>
<term>Light intensities</term>
<term>Light intensity</term>
<term>Littoral zone</term>
<term>Louis compton miall building</term>
<term>Lowestoft</term>
<term>Lowestoft laboratory</term>
<term>Main building</term>
<term>Male</term>
<term>Male competition</term>
<term>Male mating success</term>
<term>Male sticklebacks</term>
<term>Marine biology</term>
<term>Marine ecology</term>
<term>Marine science</term>
<term>Marine species</term>
<term>Mating success</term>
<term>Mating system</term>
<term>Mating systems</term>
<term>Migratory behaviour</term>
<term>Model species</term>
<term>Model system</term>
<term>Mosquito fish</term>
<term>Mussel</term>
<term>Natural populations</term>
<term>Natural resources</term>
<term>Neighbour</term>
<term>Nemachilus angorae</term>
<term>Nest opening</term>
<term>Network theory</term>
<term>Nocturnal foraging excursions</term>
<term>Normal distribution model</term>
<term>Normal stickleback males</term>
<term>Norwich</term>
<term>Nova scotia</term>
<term>Olfactory</term>
<term>Olfactory cues</term>
<term>Olfactory sensitivity</term>
<term>Original group</term>
<term>Other fish families</term>
<term>Other guppies</term>
<term>Other hand</term>
<term>Oviposition</term>
<term>Oviposition choices</term>
<term>Oviposition decisions</term>
<term>Oxygen levels</term>
<term>Pakefield road</term>
<term>Paper abstracts</term>
<term>Parablennius tentacularis</term>
<term>Paralichthys olivaceus</term>
<term>Parasite</term>
<term>Parasitic</term>
<term>Park place</term>
<term>Parr</term>
<term>Physiological condition</term>
<term>Piscivorous barbus</term>
<term>Plaice</term>
<term>Poecilia reticulata</term>
<term>Pool habitat</term>
<term>Population biology</term>
<term>Population densities</term>
<term>Population differences</term>
<term>Population dynamics</term>
<term>Population structure</term>
<term>Predation</term>
<term>Predator</term>
<term>Predator attack</term>
<term>Predator inspection</term>
<term>Predator inspection behaviour</term>
<term>Present data</term>
<term>Present study</term>
<term>Prey</term>
<term>Prey selection</term>
<term>Prey size</term>
<term>Putative prey</term>
<term>Queen mary</term>
<term>Recent work</term>
<term>Reproductive</term>
<term>Reproductive behaviour</term>
<term>Reproductive success</term>
<term>Resource competition</term>
<term>Results show</term>
<term>Rhodeus sericeus</term>
<term>River discharge</term>
<term>Salmo salar</term>
<term>Salmo trutta</term>
<term>Salmon</term>
<term>Salmon parr</term>
<term>Salmonid</term>
<term>Same time</term>
<term>Secondary males</term>
<term>Several species</term>
<term>Sexual selection</term>
<term>Shallow waters</term>
<term>Shoal</term>
<term>Shoaling</term>
<term>Shoaling behaviour</term>
<term>Shoaling tendency</term>
<term>Significant differences</term>
<term>Single males</term>
<term>Small groups</term>
<term>Sneaker males</term>
<term>Social behaviour</term>
<term>Social interactions</term>
<term>Social networks</term>
<term>Southern population</term>
<term>Species ranges</term>
<term>Sperm</term>
<term>Sperm cloud</term>
<term>Sperm competition</term>
<term>Sperm competition dynamics</term>
<term>Sperm expenditure</term>
<term>Sponge substrata</term>
<term>Stickleback</term>
<term>Stickleback gasterosteus aculeatus</term>
<term>Stream transport</term>
<term>Substrate embeddedness</term>
<term>Succursale centre ville</term>
<term>Testis</term>
<term>Tidal</term>
<term>Tidal streams</term>
<term>Trait</term>
<term>Transport mechanism</term>
<term>Trout</term>
<term>Turbot</term>
<term>Unfamiliar fish</term>
<term>Unfamiliar groups</term>
<term>Unknown individuals</term>
<term>Vertebrate</term>
<term>Vertebrate models</term>
<term>Vertebrate zoology</term>
<term>Visual cues</term>
<term>Visual isolation</term>
<term>Wageningen institute</term>
<term>Wales aberystwyth</term>
<term>Water flow rate</term>
<term>Water temperature</term>
<term>Water velocity</term>
<term>Wavelength spectrum</term>
<term>West mains road</term>
<term>Western australia</term>
<term>Wide range</term>
<term>Wild populations</term>
<term>Yellow stingray</term>
<term>Yellowfin shiner</term>
<term>Yugoslav part</term>
<term>Zoology</term>
<term>Zooplankton</term>
<term>Zooplankton density</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="Wicri" type="topic" xml:lang="fr">
<term>Aquiculture</term>
<term>Biologie</term>
<term>écologie</term>
<term>Poisson</term>
<term>Ressource alimentaire</term>
<term>Eau douce</term>
<term>Habitat</term>
<term>Ressource naturelle</term>
<term>Dynamique de la population</term>
<term>Comportement social</term>
<term>Zoologie</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">With more than 2000 fish species the Cyprinidae is the largest family of vertebrates. Lake Tana, a large lake (3050 km2) situated in the NW‐ highlands of Ethiopia, harbours, as far as we know the only remaining intact species flock of large (max. 100 cm FL) cyprinid fishes (15 Barbus spp.). One of the most intriguing aspects of this endemic Barbus species flock is the large number of piscivores (8). Cyprinid fishes seem not well designed for piscivory, they lack teeth in the oral jaw, have a small slit‐shaped pharyngeal cavity and all lack a stomach with low pH for digesting large prey. Many barbs are benthivorous species, like the ancestral barb in Lake Tana's isolated system. Why then is piscivory, which is rare among cyprinids, so common in Lake Tana Barbus? The aim of present study was to compare the performance and techniques of these piscivorous Barbus with known piscivores from other fish families. We studied prey handling times over prey size, prey capture using high‐speed movies, and assessed the effect of prey size on performance and prey selection in the field. Performances were explained by functional morphology of their feeding system. Overall, Lake Tana's piscivorous Barbus perform relatively ‘poor’, compared to piscivores from other fish families. For example, Lake Tana's piscivores are only able to handle prey fish smaller than 16% of their own body length. However, Lake Tana lacks potential piscivorous competitors, rendering the piscivorous Barbus by far the ‘best’ and apparently highly successful. They have adapted to all available macro‐habitats (littoral, offshore pelagic and offshore benthic), using different techniques (ambush, pursuit and cruising), a unique scenario for barbs.</div>
</front>
</TEI>
</record>

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