The effect of smoking on survival and bone loss of implants with a fluoride‐modified surface: a 2‐year retrospective analysis of 1106 implants placed in daily practice
Identifieur interne : 007549 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 007548; suivant : 007550The effect of smoking on survival and bone loss of implants with a fluoride‐modified surface: a 2‐year retrospective analysis of 1106 implants placed in daily practice
Auteurs : Stijn Vervaeke ; Bruno Collaert ; Stefan Vandeweghe ; Jan Cosyn ; Ellen Deschepper ; Hugo De BruynSource :
- Clinical Oral Implants Research [ 0905-7161 ] ; 2012-06.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Bone healing, Bone loss, Bone preservation, Bruyn, Bruyn collaert, Cigarette smoking, Clin, Clinical implant dentistry, Clinical periodontology, Collaert, Cumulative survival rates, Dental implants, Dentistry, Experience implant failure, Impl, Implant, Implant dentistry, Implant failure, Implant insertion, Implant level, Implant success, Implant surfaces, Implant survival, Implant treatment, Implants research, Implants table, Individual implant, Insertion, International journal, John wiley sons, John wiley sons vervaeke, Logarithmic transformation, Mandible, Marginal bone loss, Maxilla, Maxillofacial, Model analysis, Nonsmoker, Oral impl, Oral maxillofacial implants, Osseointegration research, Overall success rate, Overview, Partial dentures, Patient level, Periodontology, Present study, Professional maintenance, Prospective study, Prosthetic, Prosthetic loading, Ranks test, Reference point, Retrospective, Retrospective analysis, Smoker, Smokers nonsmokers, Smoking, Smoking habits, Stanford, Statistical unit, Success rate, Vandeweghe, Vervaeke.
- Teeft :
- Bone healing, Bone loss, Bone preservation, Bruyn, Bruyn collaert, Cigarette smoking, Clin, Clinical implant dentistry, Clinical periodontology, Collaert, Cumulative survival rates, Dental implants, Dentistry, Experience implant failure, Impl, Implant, Implant dentistry, Implant failure, Implant insertion, Implant level, Implant success, Implant surfaces, Implant survival, Implant treatment, Implants research, Implants table, Individual implant, Insertion, International journal, John wiley sons, John wiley sons vervaeke, Logarithmic transformation, Mandible, Marginal bone loss, Maxilla, Maxillofacial, Model analysis, Nonsmoker, Oral impl, Oral maxillofacial implants, Osseointegration research, Overall success rate, Overview, Partial dentures, Patient level, Periodontology, Present study, Professional maintenance, Prospective study, Prosthetic, Prosthetic loading, Ranks test, Reference point, Retrospective, Retrospective analysis, Smoker, Smokers nonsmokers, Smoking, Smoking habits, Stanford, Statistical unit, Success rate, Vandeweghe, Vervaeke.
Abstract
Aim: To compare the survival and peri‐implant bone loss of implants with a fluoride‐modified surface in smokers and nonsmokers.
Url:
DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2011.02201.x
Links to Exploration step
ISTEX:ECD762E3B046D8918ABC78F8569011DAE840BB32Le document en format XML
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(2003)</json:string><json:string>De Bruyn & Collaert 1994</json:string></ref_bibl><bibl></bibl></unitex></namedEntities><ark><json:string>ark:/67375/WNG-H92L7WV4-Q</json:string></ark><categories><wos><json:string>1 - science</json:string><json:string>2 - engineering, biomedical</json:string><json:string>2 - dentistry, oral surgery & medicine</json:string></wos><scienceMetrix><json:string>1 - health sciences</json:string><json:string>2 - clinical medicine</json:string><json:string>3 - dentistry</json:string></scienceMetrix><scopus><json:string>1 - Health Sciences</json:string><json:string>2 - Dentistry</json:string><json:string>3 - Oral 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practice</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace><availability><licence>© 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S</licence></availability><date type="published" when="2012-06"></date></publicationStmt><notesStmt><note type="content-type" subtype="article" source="article" scheme="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-6N5SZHKN-D">article</note><note type="publication-type" subtype="journal" scheme="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-0GLKJH51-B">journal</note></notesStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="article"><analytic><title level="a" type="main">The effect of smoking on survival and bone loss of implants with a fluoride‐modified surface: a 2‐year retrospective analysis of 1106 implants placed in daily practice</title><title level="a" type="short">The effect of smoking on survival and bone loss of implants</title><author xml:id="author-0000"><persName><forename type="first">Stijn</forename><surname>Vervaeke</surname></persName><affiliation>Departments of Periodontology & Oral Implantology, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium<address><country key="BE"></country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0001"><persName><forename type="first">Bruno</forename><surname>Collaert</surname></persName><affiliation>Center for Peridontology and Oral Implantology Leuven, Jzerenmolenstraat, Leuven, Belgium<address><country key="BE"></country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0002"><persName><forename type="first">Stefan</forename><surname>Vandeweghe</surname></persName><affiliation>Departments of Periodontology & Oral Implantology, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium<address><country key="BE"></country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0003"><persName><forename type="first">Jan</forename><surname>Cosyn</surname></persName><affiliation>Departments of Periodontology & Oral Implantology, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium<address><country key="BE"></country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0004"><persName><forename type="first">Ellen</forename><surname>Deschepper</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Biomedical Statistics, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium<address><country key="BE"></country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0005"><persName><forename type="first">Hugo</forename><surname>De Bruyn</surname></persName><affiliation>Departments of Periodontology & Oral Implantology, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium<address><country key="BE"></country></address></affiliation><affiliation>Department of Prosthodontics, University of Malmö, Sweden<address><country key="SE"></country></address></affiliation></author><idno type="istex">ECD762E3B046D8918ABC78F8569011DAE840BB32</idno><idno type="ark">ark:/67375/WNG-H92L7WV4-Q</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/j.1600-0501.2011.02201.x</idno><idno type="unit">CLR2201</idno><idno type="toTypesetVersion">file:CLR.CLR2201.pdf</idno></analytic><monogr><title level="j" type="main">Clinical Oral Implants Research</title><title level="j" type="alt">CLINICAL ORAL IMPLANTS RESEARCH</title><idno type="pISSN">0905-7161</idno><idno type="eISSN">1600-0501</idno><idno type="book-DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1600-0501</idno><idno type="book-part-DOI">10.1111/clr.2012.23.issue-6</idno><idno type="product">CLR</idno><idno type="publisherDivision">ST</idno><imprint><biblScope unit="vol">23</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">6</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="758">758</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="766">766</biblScope><biblScope unit="page-count">9</biblScope><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2012-06"></date></imprint></monogr></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><abstract xml:lang="en" style="main"><head>Abstract</head><p><hi rend="bold">Aim: </hi> To compare the survival and peri‐implant bone loss of implants with a fluoride‐modified surface in smokers and nonsmokers.</p><p><hi rend="bold">Materials and methods: </hi> Patient files of all patients referred for implant treatment from November 2004 to 2007 were scrutinized. All implants were placed by the same experienced surgeon (B. C.). The only inclusion criterion was a follow‐up time of at least 2 years. Implant survival and bone loss were assessed by an external calibrated examiner (S. V.) comparing digital peri‐apical radiographs taken during recall visits with the post‐operative ones. Implant success was determined according to the international success criteria (<ref type="bibl" target="#b2">Albrektsson et al. 1986</ref>). Survival of implants installed in smokers and nonsmokers was compared using the log‐rank test. Both nonparametric tests and fixed model analysis were adopted to evaluate bone loss in smokers and nonsmokers.</p><p><hi rend="bold">Results: </hi> One‐thousand one‐hundred and six implants in 300 patients (186 females; 114 males) with a mean follow‐up of 31 months (SD 7.15; range 24–58) were included. Nineteen implants in 17 patients failed, resulting in an overall survival rate of 98.3% at the implant level and 94.6% at the patient level. After a follow‐up period of 2 years, the cumulative survival rates was 96.7% and 99.1% with the patient and implant as the statistical unit, respectively. Implant survival was significantly higher for nonsmokers compared with smokers (implant level <hi rend="italic">P</hi>=0.025; patient level <hi rend="italic">P</hi>=0.017). The overall mean bone loss was 0.34 mm (<hi rend="italic">n</hi>=1076; SD 0.65; range 0–7.1). Smokers lost significantly more bone compared with nonsmokers in the maxilla (0.74 mm; SD 1.07 vs. 0.33 mm; SD 0.65; <hi rend="italic">P</hi><0.001), but not in the mandible (0.25 mm; SD 0.65 vs. 0.22 mm; SD 0.5; <hi rend="italic">P</hi>=0.298).</p><p><hi rend="bold">Conclusion: </hi> The present study is the first to compare peri‐implant bone loss in smokers and nonsmokers from the time of implant insertion (baseline) to at least 2 years of follow‐up. Implants with a fluoride‐modified surface demonstrated a high survival rate and limited bone loss. However, smokers are at a higher risk of experiencing implant failure and more prone to show peri‐implant bone loss in the maxilla. Whether this bone loss is predicting future biological complications remains to be evaluated.</p></abstract><textClass><keywords xml:lang="en"><term xml:id="k1">bone loss</term><term xml:id="k2">dental implant</term><term xml:id="k3">implant survival</term><term xml:id="k4">smoking</term></keywords><keywords rend="tocHeading1"><term>Original Articles</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en"></language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/ECD762E3B046D8918ABC78F8569011DAE840BB32/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component version="2.0" type="serialArticle" xml:lang="en"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><publisherInfo><publisherName>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisherName><publisherLoc>Oxford, UK</publisherLoc></publisherInfo><doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1111/(ISSN)1600-0501</doi><issn type="print">0905-7161</issn><issn type="electronic">1600-0501</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="CLR"></id><id type="publisherDivision" value="ST"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" sort="CLINICAL ORAL IMPLANTS RESEARCH">Clinical Oral Implants Research</title></titleGroup></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="part" position="06106"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/clr.2012.23.issue-6</doi><copyright ownership="publisher">Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S</copyright><numberingGroup><numbering type="journalVolume" number="23">23</numbering><numbering type="journalIssue">6</numbering></numberingGroup><coverDate startDate="2012-06">June 2012</coverDate></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="unit" type="article" position="16" status="forIssue"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/j.1600-0501.2011.02201.x</doi><idGroup><id type="unit" value="CLR2201"></id></idGroup><countGroup><count type="pageTotal" number="9"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="tocHeading1">Original Articles</title></titleGroup><copyright>© 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S</copyright><eventGroup><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:BPG_TO_WML3G version:2.9.1 mode:FullText" date="2011-11-15"></event><event agent="SPS" date="2012-04-20" type="xmlCorrected"></event><event type="publishedOnlineEarlyUnpaginated" date="2011-05-05"></event><event type="firstOnline" date="2011-05-05"></event><event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2012-04-23"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WILEY_ML3G_TO_WILEY_ML3GV2 version:4.0.1" date="2014-03-12"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.3.4 mode:FullText" date="2015-02-25"></event></eventGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst">758</numbering><numbering type="pageLast">766</numbering></numberingGroup><correspondenceTo><b>Corresponding author:</b>
<i>Stijn Vervaeke</i>
De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Gent
Belgium
Tel.: +32 9 332 4017
Fax: +32 9 332 3851
e‐mail: <email normalForm="stijn.vervaeke@ugent.be">stijn.vervaeke@ugent.be</email></correspondenceTo><selfCitationGroup><citation type="self" xml:id="clr2201-cit-0150"><b>To cite this article:</b>
Vervaeke S, Collaert B, Vandeweghe S, Cosyn J, Deschepper E, De Bruyn H. The effect of smoking on survival and bone loss of implants with a fluoride‐modified surface: a 2‐year retrospective analysis of 1106 implants placed in daily practice.
<i>Clin. Oral Impl. Res</i>. <b>23</b>, 2012; 758–766
doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐0501.2011.02201.x</citation></selfCitationGroup><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:CLR.CLR2201.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><unparsedEditorialHistory><b>Date:</b>, Accepted 9 March 2011</unparsedEditorialHistory><countGroup><count type="figureTotal" number="5"></count><count type="tableTotal" number="8"></count><count type="formulaTotal" number="0"></count><count type="referenceTotal" number="74"></count><count type="wordTotal" number="9967"></count><count type="linksCrossRef" number="70"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="main">The effect of smoking on survival and bone loss of implants with a fluoride‐modified surface: a 2‐year retrospective analysis of 1106 implants placed in daily practice</title><title type="shortAuthors">Vervaeke et al.</title><title type="short">The effect of smoking on survival and bone loss of implants</title></titleGroup><creators><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr1" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>Stijn</givenNames><familyName>Vervaeke</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr2" affiliationRef="#a2"><personName><givenNames>Bruno</givenNames><familyName>Collaert</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr3" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>Stefan</givenNames><familyName>Vandeweghe</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr4" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>Jan</givenNames><familyName>Cosyn</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr5" affiliationRef="#a3"><personName><givenNames>Ellen</givenNames><familyName>Deschepper</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr6" affiliationRef="#a1 #a4"><personName><givenNames>Hugo</givenNames><familyName>De Bruyn</familyName></personName></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation xml:id="a1" countryCode="BE"><unparsedAffiliation>Departments of Periodontology & Oral Implantology, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a2" countryCode="BE"><unparsedAffiliation>Center for Peridontology and Oral Implantology Leuven, Jzerenmolenstraat, Leuven, Belgium</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a3" countryCode="BE"><unparsedAffiliation>Department of Biomedical Statistics, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a4" countryCode="SE"><unparsedAffiliation>Department of Prosthodontics, University of Malmö, Sweden</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation></affiliationGroup><keywordGroup xml:lang="en"><keyword xml:id="k1">bone loss</keyword><keyword xml:id="k2">dental implant</keyword><keyword xml:id="k3">implant survival</keyword><keyword xml:id="k4">smoking</keyword></keywordGroup><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:lang="en"><title type="main">Abstract</title><p><b>Aim: </b> To compare the survival and peri‐implant bone loss of implants with a fluoride‐modified surface in smokers and nonsmokers.</p><p><b>Materials and methods: </b> Patient files of all patients referred for implant treatment from November 2004 to 2007 were scrutinized. All implants were placed by the same experienced surgeon (B. C.). The only inclusion criterion was a follow‐up time of at least 2 years. Implant survival and bone loss were assessed by an external calibrated examiner (S. V.) comparing digital peri‐apical radiographs taken during recall visits with the post‐operative ones. Implant success was determined according to the international success criteria (<link href="#b2">Albrektsson et al. 1986</link>). Survival of implants installed in smokers and nonsmokers was compared using the log‐rank test. Both nonparametric tests and fixed model analysis were adopted to evaluate bone loss in smokers and nonsmokers.</p><p><b>Results: </b> One‐thousand one‐hundred and six implants in 300 patients (186 females; 114 males) with a mean follow‐up of 31 months (SD 7.15; range 24–58) were included. Nineteen implants in 17 patients failed, resulting in an overall survival rate of 98.3% at the implant level and 94.6% at the patient level. After a follow‐up period of 2 years, the cumulative survival rates was 96.7% and 99.1% with the patient and implant as the statistical unit, respectively. Implant survival was significantly higher for nonsmokers compared with smokers (implant level <i>P</i>=0.025; patient level <i>P</i>=0.017). The overall mean bone loss was 0.34 mm (<i>n</i>=1076; SD 0.65; range 0–7.1). Smokers lost significantly more bone compared with nonsmokers in the maxilla (0.74 mm; SD 1.07 vs. 0.33 mm; SD 0.65; <i>P</i><0.001), but not in the mandible (0.25 mm; SD 0.65 vs. 0.22 mm; SD 0.5; <i>P</i>=0.298).</p><p><b>Conclusion: </b> The present study is the first to compare peri‐implant bone loss in smokers and nonsmokers from the time of implant insertion (baseline) to at least 2 years of follow‐up. Implants with a fluoride‐modified surface demonstrated a high survival rate and limited bone loss. However, smokers are at a higher risk of experiencing implant failure and more prone to show peri‐implant bone loss in the maxilla. Whether this bone loss is predicting future biological complications remains to be evaluated.</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>The effect of smoking on survival and bone loss of implants with a fluoride‐modified surface: a 2‐year retrospective analysis of 1106 implants placed in daily practice</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated" lang="en"><title>The effect of smoking on survival and bone loss of implants</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>The effect of smoking on survival and bone loss of implants with a fluoride‐modified surface: a 2‐year retrospective analysis of 1106 implants placed in daily practice</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Stijn</namePart><namePart type="family">Vervaeke</namePart><affiliation>Departments of Periodontology & Oral Implantology, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Bruno</namePart><namePart type="family">Collaert</namePart><affiliation>Center for Peridontology and Oral Implantology Leuven, Jzerenmolenstraat, Leuven, Belgium</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Stefan</namePart><namePart type="family">Vandeweghe</namePart><affiliation>Departments of Periodontology & Oral Implantology, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Jan</namePart><namePart type="family">Cosyn</namePart><affiliation>Departments of Periodontology & Oral Implantology, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Ellen</namePart><namePart type="family">Deschepper</namePart><affiliation>Department of Biomedical Statistics, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Hugo</namePart><namePart type="family">De Bruyn</namePart><affiliation>Departments of Periodontology & Oral Implantology, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Prosthodontics, University of Malmö, Sweden</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="article" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-6N5SZHKN-D">article</genre><originInfo><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">Oxford, UK</placeTerm></place><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2012-06</dateIssued><edition>To cite this article:Vervaeke S, Collaert B, Vandeweghe S, Cosyn J, Deschepper E, De Bruyn H. The effect of smoking on survival and bone loss of implants with a fluoride‐modified surface: a 2‐year retrospective analysis of 1106 implants placed in daily practice.Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 23, 2012; 758–766doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐0501.2011.02201.x</edition><edition>Date:, Accepted 9 March 2011</edition><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2012</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><extent unit="figures">5</extent><extent unit="tables">8</extent><extent unit="formulas">0</extent><extent unit="references">74</extent><extent unit="linksCrossRef">70</extent><extent unit="words">9967</extent></physicalDescription><abstract>Aim: To compare the survival and peri‐implant bone loss of implants with a fluoride‐modified surface in smokers and nonsmokers.</abstract><abstract>Materials and methods: Patient files of all patients referred for implant treatment from November 2004 to 2007 were scrutinized. All implants were placed by the same experienced surgeon (B. C.). The only inclusion criterion was a follow‐up time of at least 2 years. Implant survival and bone loss were assessed by an external calibrated examiner (S. V.) comparing digital peri‐apical radiographs taken during recall visits with the post‐operative ones. Implant success was determined according to the international success criteria (Albrektsson et al. 1986). Survival of implants installed in smokers and nonsmokers was compared using the log‐rank test. Both nonparametric tests and fixed model analysis were adopted to evaluate bone loss in smokers and nonsmokers.</abstract><abstract>Results: One‐thousand one‐hundred and six implants in 300 patients (186 females; 114 males) with a mean follow‐up of 31 months (SD 7.15; range 24–58) were included. Nineteen implants in 17 patients failed, resulting in an overall survival rate of 98.3% at the implant level and 94.6% at the patient level. After a follow‐up period of 2 years, the cumulative survival rates was 96.7% and 99.1% with the patient and implant as the statistical unit, respectively. Implant survival was significantly higher for nonsmokers compared with smokers (implant level P=0.025; patient level P=0.017). The overall mean bone loss was 0.34 mm (n=1076; SD 0.65; range 0–7.1). Smokers lost significantly more bone compared with nonsmokers in the maxilla (0.74 mm; SD 1.07 vs. 0.33 mm; SD 0.65; P<0.001), but not in the mandible (0.25 mm; SD 0.65 vs. 0.22 mm; SD 0.5; P=0.298).</abstract><abstract>Conclusion: The present study is the first to compare peri‐implant bone loss in smokers and nonsmokers from the time of implant insertion (baseline) to at least 2 years of follow‐up. Implants with a fluoride‐modified surface demonstrated a high survival rate and limited bone loss. However, smokers are at a higher risk of experiencing implant failure and more prone to show peri‐implant bone loss in the maxilla. Whether this bone loss is predicting future biological complications remains to be evaluated.</abstract><subject lang="en"><genre>keywords</genre><topic>bone loss</topic><topic>dental implant</topic><topic>implant survival</topic><topic>smoking</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Clinical Oral Implants Research</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-0GLKJH51-B">journal</genre><identifier type="ISSN">0905-7161</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1600-0501</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1600-0501</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">CLR</identifier><part><date>2012</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>23</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>6</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>758</start><end>766</end><total>9</total></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">ECD762E3B046D8918ABC78F8569011DAE840BB32</identifier><identifier type="ark">ark:/67375/WNG-H92L7WV4-Q</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/j.1600-0501.2011.02201.x</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">CLR2201</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S© 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://loaded-corpus.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://loaded-corpus.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XBH-L0C46X92-X">wiley</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods><json:item><extension>json</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/json</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/ECD762E3B046D8918ABC78F8569011DAE840BB32/metadata/json</uri></json:item></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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