The Omo‐Turkana Basin Fossil Hominins and Their Contribution to Our Understanding of Human Evolution in Africa
Identifieur interne : 007538 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 007537; suivant : 007539The Omo‐Turkana Basin Fossil Hominins and Their Contribution to Our Understanding of Human Evolution in Africa
Auteurs : Bernard Wood ; Meave LeakeySource :
- Evolutionary Anthropology: Issues, News, and Reviews [ 1060-1538 ] ; 2011-11.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Aethiopicus, Aethiopicus indet, Afarensis, Anamensis, Anthropol, Australopithecine, Australopithecus, Basin, Boisei, Boisei indet, Brown sands, Burgi, Burgi koobi fora homo, Calvaria, Cambridge university press, Clade, Coppens, Cranial, Cranium, Dentition, Dmanisi, Early homo, East africa, East rudolf, Endocranial, Erectus, Ergaster, Ethiopia, Evol, Fejej, Femur, Fleagle, Forum, Fossil, Fossil evidence, Frag, Frags, Gorge, Grine, Habilis, Hadar, Hominid, Hominidae, Hominin, Hominin clade, Hominins, Homo, Homo habilis, Human evolution, Humerus, Hypodigm, Indet, Kaitio, Kanapoi, Kanapoi kanapoi australopithecus anamensis, Kenya, Kenyanthropus, Kenyanthropus platyops, Kibish, Kimbel, Koobi, Koobi fora, Koobi fora formation, Koobi fora homo, Koobi fora paranthropus boisei, Laetoli, Lake turkana, Leakey, Leakey appendix, Lomekwi, Lomekwi nachukui, Lonyumun, Lothagam, Mand, Mand body, Mandible, Mandibular, Maxilla, Maxillary, Mcdougall, Modern humans, Molar, Molar frag, Morphology, Nachukui, Okote, Okote koobi fora homo, Olduvai, Olduvai gorge, Paranthropus, Paranthropus boisei, Parietal, Phys, Phys anthropol, Platyops, Pleistocene, Pliocene, Postcanine, Postcranial, Premolar, Prox, Prox femur, Robust, Rudolfensis, Sapiens, Shungura, Shungura formation, Skeleton, Taxon, Taxonomic, Taxonomy, Tibia, Tobias, Tuff, Turkana, Usno, West turkana, White sands.
- Teeft :
- Aethiopicus, Aethiopicus indet, Afarensis, Anamensis, Anthropol, Australopithecine, Australopithecus, Basin, Boisei, Boisei indet, Brown sands, Burgi, Burgi koobi fora homo, Calvaria, Cambridge university press, Clade, Coppens, Cranial, Cranium, Dentition, Dmanisi, Early homo, East africa, East rudolf, Endocranial, Erectus, Ergaster, Ethiopia, Evol, Fejej, Femur, Fleagle, Forum, Fossil, Fossil evidence, Frag, Frags, Gorge, Grine, Habilis, Hadar, Hominid, Hominidae, Hominin, Hominin clade, Hominins, Homo, Homo habilis, Human evolution, Humerus, Hypodigm, Indet, Kaitio, Kanapoi, Kanapoi kanapoi australopithecus anamensis, Kenya, Kenyanthropus, Kenyanthropus platyops, Kibish, Kimbel, Koobi, Koobi fora, Koobi fora formation, Koobi fora homo, Koobi fora paranthropus boisei, Laetoli, Lake turkana, Leakey, Leakey appendix, Lomekwi, Lomekwi nachukui, Lonyumun, Lothagam, Mand, Mand body, Mandible, Mandibular, Maxilla, Maxillary, Mcdougall, Modern humans, Molar, Molar frag, Morphology, Nachukui, Okote, Okote koobi fora homo, Olduvai, Olduvai gorge, Paranthropus, Paranthropus boisei, Parietal, Phys, Phys anthropol, Platyops, Pleistocene, Pliocene, Postcanine, Postcranial, Premolar, Prox, Prox femur, Robust, Rudolfensis, Sapiens, Shungura, Shungura formation, Skeleton, Taxon, Taxonomic, Taxonomy, Tibia, Tobias, Tuff, Turkana, Usno, West turkana, White sands.
Abstract
The Omo‐Turkana Basin, including the hominin fossil sites around Lake Turkana and the sites along the lower reaches of the Omo River, has made and continues to make an important contribution to improving our murky understanding of human evolution. This review highlights the various ways the Omo‐Turkana Basin fossil record has contributed to, and continues to challenge, interpretations of human evolution. Despite many diagrams that look suspiciously like comprehensive hypotheses about human evolutionary history, any sensible paleoanthropologist knows that the early hominin fossil record is too meager to do anything other than offer very provisional statements about hominin taxonomy and phylogeny. If history tells us anything, it is that we still have much to learn about the hominin clade. Thus, we summarize the current state of knowledge of the hominin species represented at the Omo‐Turkana Basin sites. We then focus on three specific topics for which the fossil evidence is especially relevant: the origin and nature of Paranthropus; the origin and nature of early Homo; and the ongoing debate about whether the pattern of human evolution is more consistent with speciation by cladogenesis, with greater taxonomic diversity or with speciation by anagenetic transformation, resulting in less taxonomic diversity and a more linear interpretation of human evolutionary history. © Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Url:
DOI: 10.1002/evan.20335
Links to Exploration step
ISTEX:ECA30FF3850087D1BB8C16EBE07D496C7335EC8CLe document en format XML
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type="RBID">ISTEX:ECA30FF3850087D1BB8C16EBE07D496C7335EC8C</idno><date when="2011" year="2011">2011</date><idno type="doi">10.1002/evan.20335</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/ECA30FF3850087D1BB8C16EBE07D496C7335EC8C/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">007538</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">007538</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">The Omo‐Turkana Basin Fossil Hominins and Their Contribution to Our Understanding of Human Evolution in Africa</title><author><name sortKey="Wood, Bernard" sort="Wood, Bernard" uniqKey="Wood B" first="Bernard" last="Wood">Bernard Wood</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: bernardawood@gmail.com</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: bernardawood@gmail.com</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Leakey, Meave" sort="Leakey, Meave" uniqKey="Leakey M" first="Meave" last="Leakey">Meave Leakey</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: meaveleakey@gmail.com</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: meaveleakey@gmail.com</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j" type="main">Evolutionary Anthropology: Issues, News, and Reviews</title><title level="j" type="sub">The Turkana Basin</title><title level="j" type="alt">EVOLUTIONARY ANTHROPOLOGY: ISSUES, NEWS, AND REVIEWS</title><idno type="ISSN">1060-1538</idno><idno type="eISSN">1520-6505</idno><imprint><biblScope unit="vol">20</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">6</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="264">264</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="292">292</biblScope><biblScope unit="page-count">29</biblScope><publisher>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisher><pubPlace>Hoboken</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2011-11">2011-11</date></imprint><idno type="ISSN">1060-1538</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">1060-1538</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Aethiopicus</term><term>Aethiopicus indet</term><term>Afarensis</term><term>Anamensis</term><term>Anthropol</term><term>Australopithecine</term><term>Australopithecus</term><term>Basin</term><term>Boisei</term><term>Boisei indet</term><term>Brown sands</term><term>Burgi</term><term>Burgi koobi fora homo</term><term>Calvaria</term><term>Cambridge university press</term><term>Clade</term><term>Coppens</term><term>Cranial</term><term>Cranium</term><term>Dentition</term><term>Dmanisi</term><term>Early homo</term><term>East africa</term><term>East rudolf</term><term>Endocranial</term><term>Erectus</term><term>Ergaster</term><term>Ethiopia</term><term>Evol</term><term>Fejej</term><term>Femur</term><term>Fleagle</term><term>Forum</term><term>Fossil</term><term>Fossil evidence</term><term>Frag</term><term>Frags</term><term>Gorge</term><term>Grine</term><term>Habilis</term><term>Hadar</term><term>Hominid</term><term>Hominidae</term><term>Hominin</term><term>Hominin clade</term><term>Hominins</term><term>Homo</term><term>Homo habilis</term><term>Human evolution</term><term>Humerus</term><term>Hypodigm</term><term>Indet</term><term>Kaitio</term><term>Kanapoi</term><term>Kanapoi kanapoi australopithecus anamensis</term><term>Kenya</term><term>Kenyanthropus</term><term>Kenyanthropus platyops</term><term>Kibish</term><term>Kimbel</term><term>Koobi</term><term>Koobi fora</term><term>Koobi fora formation</term><term>Koobi fora homo</term><term>Koobi fora paranthropus boisei</term><term>Laetoli</term><term>Lake turkana</term><term>Leakey</term><term>Leakey appendix</term><term>Lomekwi</term><term>Lomekwi nachukui</term><term>Lonyumun</term><term>Lothagam</term><term>Mand</term><term>Mand body</term><term>Mandible</term><term>Mandibular</term><term>Maxilla</term><term>Maxillary</term><term>Mcdougall</term><term>Modern humans</term><term>Molar</term><term>Molar frag</term><term>Morphology</term><term>Nachukui</term><term>Okote</term><term>Okote koobi fora homo</term><term>Olduvai</term><term>Olduvai gorge</term><term>Paranthropus</term><term>Paranthropus boisei</term><term>Parietal</term><term>Phys</term><term>Phys anthropol</term><term>Platyops</term><term>Pleistocene</term><term>Pliocene</term><term>Postcanine</term><term>Postcranial</term><term>Premolar</term><term>Prox</term><term>Prox femur</term><term>Robust</term><term>Rudolfensis</term><term>Sapiens</term><term>Shungura</term><term>Shungura formation</term><term>Skeleton</term><term>Taxon</term><term>Taxonomic</term><term>Taxonomy</term><term>Tibia</term><term>Tobias</term><term>Tuff</term><term>Turkana</term><term>Usno</term><term>West turkana</term><term>White sands</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en"><term>Aethiopicus</term><term>Aethiopicus indet</term><term>Afarensis</term><term>Anamensis</term><term>Anthropol</term><term>Australopithecine</term><term>Australopithecus</term><term>Basin</term><term>Boisei</term><term>Boisei indet</term><term>Brown sands</term><term>Burgi</term><term>Burgi koobi fora homo</term><term>Calvaria</term><term>Cambridge university press</term><term>Clade</term><term>Coppens</term><term>Cranial</term><term>Cranium</term><term>Dentition</term><term>Dmanisi</term><term>Early homo</term><term>East africa</term><term>East rudolf</term><term>Endocranial</term><term>Erectus</term><term>Ergaster</term><term>Ethiopia</term><term>Evol</term><term>Fejej</term><term>Femur</term><term>Fleagle</term><term>Forum</term><term>Fossil</term><term>Fossil evidence</term><term>Frag</term><term>Frags</term><term>Gorge</term><term>Grine</term><term>Habilis</term><term>Hadar</term><term>Hominid</term><term>Hominidae</term><term>Hominin</term><term>Hominin clade</term><term>Hominins</term><term>Homo</term><term>Homo habilis</term><term>Human evolution</term><term>Humerus</term><term>Hypodigm</term><term>Indet</term><term>Kaitio</term><term>Kanapoi</term><term>Kanapoi kanapoi australopithecus anamensis</term><term>Kenya</term><term>Kenyanthropus</term><term>Kenyanthropus platyops</term><term>Kibish</term><term>Kimbel</term><term>Koobi</term><term>Koobi fora</term><term>Koobi fora formation</term><term>Koobi fora homo</term><term>Koobi fora paranthropus boisei</term><term>Laetoli</term><term>Lake turkana</term><term>Leakey</term><term>Leakey appendix</term><term>Lomekwi</term><term>Lomekwi nachukui</term><term>Lonyumun</term><term>Lothagam</term><term>Mand</term><term>Mand body</term><term>Mandible</term><term>Mandibular</term><term>Maxilla</term><term>Maxillary</term><term>Mcdougall</term><term>Modern humans</term><term>Molar</term><term>Molar frag</term><term>Morphology</term><term>Nachukui</term><term>Okote</term><term>Okote koobi fora homo</term><term>Olduvai</term><term>Olduvai gorge</term><term>Paranthropus</term><term>Paranthropus boisei</term><term>Parietal</term><term>Phys</term><term>Phys anthropol</term><term>Platyops</term><term>Pleistocene</term><term>Pliocene</term><term>Postcanine</term><term>Postcranial</term><term>Premolar</term><term>Prox</term><term>Prox femur</term><term>Robust</term><term>Rudolfensis</term><term>Sapiens</term><term>Shungura</term><term>Shungura formation</term><term>Skeleton</term><term>Taxon</term><term>Taxonomic</term><term>Taxonomy</term><term>Tibia</term><term>Tobias</term><term>Tuff</term><term>Turkana</term><term>Usno</term><term>West turkana</term><term>White sands</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The Omo‐Turkana Basin, including the hominin fossil sites around Lake Turkana and the sites along the lower reaches of the Omo River, has made and continues to make an important contribution to improving our murky understanding of human evolution. This review highlights the various ways the Omo‐Turkana Basin fossil record has contributed to, and continues to challenge, interpretations of human evolution. Despite many diagrams that look suspiciously like comprehensive hypotheses about human evolutionary history, any sensible paleoanthropologist knows that the early hominin fossil record is too meager to do anything other than offer very provisional statements about hominin taxonomy and phylogeny. If history tells us anything, it is that we still have much to learn about the hominin clade. Thus, we summarize the current state of knowledge of the hominin species represented at the Omo‐Turkana Basin sites. We then focus on three specific topics for which the fossil evidence is especially relevant: the origin and nature of Paranthropus; the origin and nature of early Homo; and the ongoing debate about whether the pattern of human evolution is more consistent with speciation by cladogenesis, with greater taxonomic diversity or with speciation by anagenetic transformation, resulting in less taxonomic diversity and a more linear interpretation of human evolutionary history. © Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><keywords><teeft><json:string>koobi</json:string><json:string>shungura</json:string><json:string>australopithecus</json:string><json:string>paranthropus</json:string><json:string>frag</json:string><json:string>boisei</json:string><json:string>hominidae</json:string><json:string>indet</json:string><json:string>homo</json:string><json:string>anamensis</json:string><json:string>kanapoi</json:string><json:string>mand</json:string><json:string>hominin</json:string><json:string>taxon</json:string><json:string>leakey</json:string><json:string>cranium</json:string><json:string>nachukui</json:string><json:string>aethiopicus</json:string><json:string>cranial</json:string><json:string>fossil</json:string><json:string>frags</json:string><json:string>okote</json:string><json:string>habilis</json:string><json:string>lonyumun</json:string><json:string>erectus</json:string><json:string>platyops</json:string><json:string>burgi</json:string><json:string>hominins</json:string><json:string>kenyanthropus</json:string><json:string>lomekwi</json:string><json:string>hominid</json:string><json:string>afarensis</json:string><json:string>turkana</json:string><json:string>kenya</json:string><json:string>prox</json:string><json:string>evol</json:string><json:string>mandible</json:string><json:string>anthropol</json:string><json:string>usno</json:string><json:string>femur</json:string><json:string>kenyanthropus platyops</json:string><json:string>olduvai</json:string><json:string>dentition</json:string><json:string>maxilla</json:string><json:string>ethiopia</json:string><json:string>mandibular</json:string><json:string>rudolfensis</json:string><json:string>lomekwi nachukui</json:string><json:string>phys</json:string><json:string>phys anthropol</json:string><json:string>molar</json:string><json:string>parietal</json:string><json:string>olduvai gorge</json:string><json:string>koobi fora</json:string><json:string>humerus</json:string><json:string>hypodigm</json:string><json:string>tibia</json:string><json:string>kanapoi kanapoi australopithecus anamensis</json:string><json:string>brown sands</json:string><json:string>white sands</json:string><json:string>sapiens</json:string><json:string>ergaster</json:string><json:string>tobias</json:string><json:string>aethiopicus indet</json:string><json:string>forum</json:string><json:string>lothagam</json:string><json:string>postcranial</json:string><json:string>modern humans</json:string><json:string>human evolution</json:string><json:string>kimbel</json:string><json:string>fejej</json:string><json:string>taxonomy</json:string><json:string>robust</json:string><json:string>kibish</json:string><json:string>tuff</json:string><json:string>shungura formation</json:string><json:string>koobi fora homo</json:string><json:string>east africa</json:string><json:string>paranthropus boisei</json:string><json:string>okote koobi fora homo</json:string><json:string>pleistocene</json:string><json:string>coppens</json:string><json:string>morphology</json:string><json:string>gorge</json:string><json:string>pliocene</json:string><json:string>early homo</json:string><json:string>dmanisi</json:string><json:string>premolar</json:string><json:string>calvaria</json:string><json:string>fossil evidence</json:string><json:string>molar frag</json:string><json:string>taxonomic</json:string><json:string>burgi koobi fora homo</json:string><json:string>maxillary</json:string><json:string>hadar</json:string><json:string>postcanine</json:string><json:string>australopithecine</json:string><json:string>grine</json:string><json:string>homo habilis</json:string><json:string>koobi fora paranthropus boisei</json:string><json:string>endocranial</json:string><json:string>kaitio</json:string><json:string>clade</json:string><json:string>leakey appendix</json:string><json:string>mcdougall</json:string><json:string>fleagle</json:string><json:string>boisei indet</json:string><json:string>laetoli</json:string><json:string>skeleton</json:string><json:string>cambridge university press</json:string><json:string>koobi fora formation</json:string><json:string>prox femur</json:string><json:string>mand body</json:string><json:string>lake turkana</json:string><json:string>west turkana</json:string><json:string>hominin clade</json:string><json:string>east rudolf</json:string><json:string>basin</json:string><json:string>tooth frags</json:string><json:string>nachukui formation</json:string><json:string>type specimen</json:string><json:string>taxon element</json:string><json:string>evol anthropol</json:string><json:string>turkana basin</json:string><json:string>genus homo</json:string><json:string>rudolf</json:string></teeft></keywords><author><json:item><name>Bernard Wood</name><affiliations><json:string>E-mail: bernardawood@gmail.com</json:string><json:string>E-mail: bernardawood@gmail.com</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Meave Leakey</name><affiliations><json:string>E-mail: meaveleakey@gmail.com</json:string><json:string>E-mail: meaveleakey@gmail.com</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Australopithecus</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Homo</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Paranthropus</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>taxonomy</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>East Africa</value></json:item></subject><articleId><json:string>EVAN20335</json:string></articleId><arkIstex>ark:/67375/WNG-W757ZCZT-4</arkIstex><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>The Omo‐Turkana Basin, including the hominin fossil sites around Lake Turkana and the sites along the lower reaches of the Omo River, has made and continues to make an important contribution to improving our murky understanding of human evolution. This review highlights the various ways the Omo‐Turkana Basin fossil record has contributed to, and continues to challenge, interpretations of human evolution. Despite many diagrams that look suspiciously like comprehensive hypotheses about human evolutionary history, any sensible paleoanthropologist knows that the early hominin fossil record is too meager to do anything other than offer very provisional statements about hominin taxonomy and phylogeny. If history tells us anything, it is that we still have much to learn about the hominin clade. Thus, we summarize the current state of knowledge of the hominin species represented at the Omo‐Turkana Basin sites. 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Howells</json:string><json:string>In</json:string><json:string>Rene Bobe</json:string><json:string>Richard Leakey</json:string><json:string>Ma Box</json:string><json:string>Arthur Smith</json:string><json:string>Louis Leakey</json:string><json:string>Napier</json:string><json:string>Yves Coppens</json:string><json:string>Gaby Lapera</json:string><json:string>Phillip Tobias</json:string><json:string>John Fleagle</json:string><json:string>Anthropology</json:string><json:string>Vratislav</json:string><json:string>John Napier</json:string></persName><placeName><json:string>Suwa</json:string><json:string>Ethiopia</json:string><json:string>South Africa</json:string><json:string>Zambia</json:string><json:string>Broken Hill</json:string><json:string>Arambourg</json:string></placeName><ref_url></ref_url><ref_bibl><json:string>KNM-ER 3733, 3883</json:string><json:string>Arambourg and Coppens, 1968</json:string><json:string>Brunet et al. 1996</json:string><json:string>Wood and Chamberlain, 1987 A</json:string><json:string>Groves and Mazak, 1975</json:string><json:string>Tobias and Napier, 1964</json:string><json:string>KNM-ER 1805, 1813</json:string><json:string>Leakey, 1959</json:string><json:string>Alexeev, 1986</json:string></ref_bibl><bibl></bibl></unitex></namedEntities><ark><json:string>ark:/67375/WNG-W757ZCZT-4</json:string></ark><categories><wos><json:string>1 - social science</json:string><json:string>2 - anthropology</json:string></wos><scienceMetrix></scienceMetrix><scopus><json:string>1 - Social Sciences</json:string><json:string>2 - Social Sciences</json:string><json:string>3 - Anthropology</json:string><json:string>1 - Health Sciences</json:string><json:string>2 - Medicine</json:string><json:string>3 - General Medicine</json:string></scopus><inist><json:string>1 - sciences humaines et sociales</json:string><json:string>2 - prehistoire et protohistoire</json:string></inist></categories><publicationDate>2011</publicationDate><copyrightDate>2011</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1002/evan.20335</json:string></doi><id>ECA30FF3850087D1BB8C16EBE07D496C7335EC8C</id><score>1</score><fulltext><json:item><extension>pdf</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/ECA30FF3850087D1BB8C16EBE07D496C7335EC8C/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><extension>zip</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/ECA30FF3850087D1BB8C16EBE07D496C7335EC8C/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/ECA30FF3850087D1BB8C16EBE07D496C7335EC8C/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">The Omo‐Turkana Basin Fossil Hominins and Their Contribution to Our Understanding of Human Evolution in Africa</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisher><pubPlace>Hoboken</pubPlace><availability><licence>Copyright © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</licence></availability><date type="published" when="2011-11"></date></publicationStmt><notesStmt><note type="content-type" subtype="article" source="article" scheme="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-6N5SZHKN-D">article</note><note type="publication-type" subtype="journal" scheme="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-0GLKJH51-B">journal</note></notesStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="article"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">The Omo‐Turkana Basin Fossil Hominins and Their Contribution to Our Understanding of Human Evolution in Africa</title><title level="a" type="short" xml:lang="en">Omo‐Turkana Basin Hominins</title><author xml:id="author-0000"><persName><forename type="first">Bernard</forename><surname>Wood</surname></persName><email>bernardawood@gmail.com</email></author><author xml:id="author-0001"><persName><forename type="first">Meave</forename><surname>Leakey</surname></persName><email>meaveleakey@gmail.com</email></author><idno type="istex">ECA30FF3850087D1BB8C16EBE07D496C7335EC8C</idno><idno type="ark">ark:/67375/WNG-W757ZCZT-4</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1002/evan.20335</idno><idno type="unit">EVAN20335</idno><idno type="toTypesetVersion">file:EVAN.EVAN20335.pdf</idno></analytic><monogr><title level="j" type="main">Evolutionary Anthropology: Issues, News, and Reviews</title><title level="j" type="sub">The Turkana Basin</title><title level="j" type="alt">EVOLUTIONARY ANTHROPOLOGY: ISSUES, NEWS, AND REVIEWS</title><idno type="pISSN">1060-1538</idno><idno type="eISSN">1520-6505</idno><idno type="book-DOI">10.1002/(ISSN)1520-6505</idno><idno type="book-part-DOI">10.1002/evan.v20.6</idno><idno type="product">EVAN</idno><imprint><biblScope unit="vol">20</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">6</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="264">264</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="292">292</biblScope><biblScope unit="page-count">29</biblScope><publisher>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisher><pubPlace>Hoboken</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2011-11"></date></imprint></monogr></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><abstract xml:lang="en" style="main"><head>Abstract</head><p>The Omo‐Turkana Basin, including the hominin fossil sites around Lake Turkana and the sites along the lower reaches of the Omo River, has made and continues to make an important contribution to improving our murky understanding of human evolution. This review highlights the various ways the Omo‐Turkana Basin fossil record has contributed to, and continues to challenge, interpretations of human evolution. Despite many diagrams that look suspiciously like comprehensive hypotheses about human evolutionary history, any sensible paleoanthropologist knows that the early hominin fossil record is too meager to do anything other than offer very provisional statements about hominin taxonomy and phylogeny. If history tells us anything, it is that we still have much to learn about the hominin clade. Thus, we summarize the current state of knowledge of the hominin species represented at the Omo‐Turkana Basin sites. We then focus on three specific topics for which the fossil evidence is especially relevant: the origin and nature of <hi rend="italic">Paranthropus</hi>; the origin and nature of early <hi rend="italic">Homo</hi>; and the ongoing debate about whether the pattern of human evolution is more consistent with speciation by cladogenesis, with greater taxonomic diversity or with speciation by anagenetic transformation, resulting in less taxonomic diversity and a more linear interpretation of human evolutionary history. © Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</p></abstract><textClass><keywords xml:lang="en"><term xml:id="kwd1"><hi rend="italic">Australopithecus</hi></term><term xml:id="kwd2"><hi rend="italic">Homo</hi></term><term xml:id="kwd3"><hi rend="italic">Paranthropus</hi></term><term xml:id="kwd4">taxonomy</term><term xml:id="kwd5">East Africa</term></keywords><keywords rend="articleCategory"><term>Research Article</term></keywords><keywords rend="tocHeading1"><term>Research Articles</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en"></language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/ECA30FF3850087D1BB8C16EBE07D496C7335EC8C/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component version="2.0" type="serialArticle" xml:lang="en"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><publisherInfo><publisherName>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisherName><publisherLoc>Hoboken</publisherLoc></publisherInfo><doi registered="yes">10.1002/(ISSN)1520-6505</doi><issn type="print">1060-1538</issn><issn type="electronic">1520-6505</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="EVAN"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" xml:lang="en" sort="EVOLUTIONARY ANTHROPOLOGY: ISSUES, NEWS, AND REVIEWS">Evolutionary Anthropology: Issues, News, and Reviews</title><title type="short">Evol. Anthropol.</title></titleGroup></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="part" position="60"><doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1002/evan.v20.6</doi><titleGroup><title type="specialIssueTitle">The Turkana Basin</title></titleGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="journalVolume" number="20">20</numbering><numbering type="journalIssue">6</numbering></numberingGroup><coverDate startDate="2011-11">November/December 2011</coverDate></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="unit" type="article" position="90" status="forIssue"><doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1002/evan.20335</doi><idGroup><id type="unit" value="EVAN20335"></id></idGroup><countGroup><count type="pageTotal" number="29"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="articleCategory">Research Article</title><title type="tocHeading1">Research Articles</title></titleGroup><copyright ownership="publisher">Copyright © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</copyright><eventGroup><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:JWSART34_TO_WML3G version:3.0.1 mode:FullText" date="2011-12-14"></event><event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2011-12-14"></event><event type="firstOnline" date="2011-12-14"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WILEY_ML3G_TO_WILEY_ML3GV2 version:3.8.8" date="2014-01-25"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.1.7 mode:FullText,remove_FC" date="2014-10-17"></event></eventGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst">264</numbering><numbering type="pageLast">292</numbering></numberingGroup><objectNameGroup><objectName elementName="appendix">Appendix</objectName></objectNameGroup><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:EVAN.EVAN20335.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><countGroup><count type="figureTotal" number="3"></count><count type="tableTotal" number="1"></count><count type="referenceTotal" number="133"></count><count type="wordTotal" number="11691"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" xml:lang="en">The Omo‐Turkana Basin Fossil Hominins and Their Contribution to Our Understanding of Human Evolution in Africa</title><title type="short" xml:lang="en">Omo‐Turkana Basin Hominins</title></titleGroup><creators><creator xml:id="au1" creatorRole="author" noteRef="#fn1"><personName><givenNames>Bernard</givenNames><familyName>Wood</familyName></personName><contactDetails><email>bernardawood@gmail.com</email></contactDetails></creator><creator xml:id="au2" creatorRole="author" noteRef="#fn2"><personName><givenNames>Meave</givenNames><familyName>Leakey</familyName></personName><contactDetails><email>meaveleakey@gmail.com</email></contactDetails></creator></creators><keywordGroup xml:lang="en" type="author"><keyword xml:id="kwd1"><i>Australopithecus</i></keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd2"><i>Homo</i></keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd3"><i>Paranthropus</i></keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd4">taxonomy</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd5">East Africa</keyword></keywordGroup><fundingInfo><fundingAgency>The National Geographic Society</fundingAgency></fundingInfo><fundingInfo><fundingAgency>the Provost of George Washington University</fundingAgency></fundingInfo><fundingInfo><fundingAgency>GW University Professorship of Human Origins</fundingAgency></fundingInfo><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:lang="en"><title type="main">Abstract</title><p>The Omo‐Turkana Basin, including the hominin fossil sites around Lake Turkana and the sites along the lower reaches of the Omo River, has made and continues to make an important contribution to improving our murky understanding of human evolution. This review highlights the various ways the Omo‐Turkana Basin fossil record has contributed to, and continues to challenge, interpretations of human evolution. Despite many diagrams that look suspiciously like comprehensive hypotheses about human evolutionary history, any sensible paleoanthropologist knows that the early hominin fossil record is too meager to do anything other than offer very provisional statements about hominin taxonomy and phylogeny. If history tells us anything, it is that we still have much to learn about the hominin clade. Thus, we summarize the current state of knowledge of the hominin species represented at the Omo‐Turkana Basin sites. We then focus on three specific topics for which the fossil evidence is especially relevant: the origin and nature of <i>Paranthropus</i>; the origin and nature of early <i>Homo</i>; and the ongoing debate about whether the pattern of human evolution is more consistent with speciation by cladogenesis, with greater taxonomic diversity or with speciation by anagenetic transformation, resulting in less taxonomic diversity and a more linear interpretation of human evolutionary history. © Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta><noteGroup><note xml:id="fn1"><p>Bernard Wood is University Professor of Human Origins at The George Washington University and adjunct senior scientist at the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution. In 1968, he took part in the first field season at what was then called East Rudolf. He is the author of the 1991 monograph on the hominin cranial remains from Koobi Fora. He edits the Wiley‐Blackwell Encyclopedia of Human Evolution.</p></note><note xml:id="fn2"><p>Meave Leakey is a research professor in the Department of Anthropology, Stony Brook University, New York. She has carried out field work in the Turkana Basin over the past four decades and currently co‐leads the Koobi Fora Research Project with her daughter Louise. She is an Explorer‐in‐Residence of the National Geographic Society, which has funded field work in East Africa for many decades and currently, in large measure, funds the KFRP field research at Turkana. Meave's research interests include the evolution of cercopithecids and hominids, as well as the study of past faunal assemblages as proxies for reconstructing paleohabitats and past environmental changes. Together with Richard and Louise Leakey, and in collaboration with Stony Brook University, Meave is developing the Turkana Basin Institute with two research facilities to the east and west of Lake Turkana.</p></note></noteGroup></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>The Omo‐Turkana Basin Fossil Hominins and Their Contribution to Our Understanding of Human Evolution in Africa</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated" lang="en"><title>Omo‐Turkana Basin Hominins</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>The Omo‐Turkana Basin Fossil Hominins and Their Contribution to Our Understanding of Human Evolution in Africa</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Bernard</namePart><namePart type="family">Wood</namePart><affiliation>E-mail: bernardawood@gmail.com</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: bernardawood@gmail.com</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Meave</namePart><namePart type="family">Leakey</namePart><affiliation>E-mail: meaveleakey@gmail.com</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: meaveleakey@gmail.com</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="article" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-6N5SZHKN-D">article</genre><originInfo><publisher>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">Hoboken</placeTerm></place><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2011-11</dateIssued><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2011</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><extent unit="figures">3</extent><extent unit="tables">1</extent><extent unit="references">133</extent><extent unit="words">11691</extent></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">The Omo‐Turkana Basin, including the hominin fossil sites around Lake Turkana and the sites along the lower reaches of the Omo River, has made and continues to make an important contribution to improving our murky understanding of human evolution. This review highlights the various ways the Omo‐Turkana Basin fossil record has contributed to, and continues to challenge, interpretations of human evolution. Despite many diagrams that look suspiciously like comprehensive hypotheses about human evolutionary history, any sensible paleoanthropologist knows that the early hominin fossil record is too meager to do anything other than offer very provisional statements about hominin taxonomy and phylogeny. If history tells us anything, it is that we still have much to learn about the hominin clade. Thus, we summarize the current state of knowledge of the hominin species represented at the Omo‐Turkana Basin sites. 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