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Replacement of an obturator section of an existing two-piece implant-retained edentulous obturator

Identifieur interne : 007331 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 007330; suivant : 007332

Replacement of an obturator section of an existing two-piece implant-retained edentulous obturator

Auteurs : Denise Maccarthy ; Niall Murphy

Source :

RBID : ISTEX:E87076F88AB05681950794E04937989E034B63E0

English descriptors

Abstract

Abstract: There is an increasing number of people in the community who have postablative surgery for tumors of the maxilla. Postsurgical defects these individuals have are usually restored by means of a complete or partial denture obturator with various materials, including resilient silicone extensions. These patients require long-term maintenance of their obturator prostheses, which must be considered in the context of their general health and ongoing medical care. When a resilient silicone bulb is used to obturate the defect, the silicone sometimes deteriorates, whereas the denture base remains functional. This article describes a simple procedure to construct a replacement, resilient silicone bulb obturator while retaining the original complete or partial denture base. (J Prosthet Dent 2000;83:652-5.)

Url:
DOI: 10.1016/S0022-3913(00)70065-5

Links to Exploration step

ISTEX:E87076F88AB05681950794E04937989E034B63E0

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<body>
<ce:sections>
<ce:para>Maxillary defects result from surgical treatment of benign and malignant neoplasms, trauma, or congenital defects.
<ce:cross-ref refid="bib1">
<ce:sup>1</ce:sup>
</ce:cross-ref>
The patient with a malignant lesion may also have radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy. The defects are rehabilitated by prosthodontic means, with the exception of small oro-antral or oro-nasal defects that may be amenable to surgical closure.
<ce:cross-ref refid="bib1">
<ce:sup>1</ce:sup>
</ce:cross-ref>
The patient with an acquired maxillary defect should be provided with an obturator prosthesis that is comfortable, restores adequate speech, deglutition and masticatory function, and is acceptable cosmetically. The treatment options for patients who have had a hemimaxillectomy and require an obturator prosthesis include hollow-bulb obturators and resilient silicone obturators. The resilient silicone obturators may be permanently fixed to the denture base or may be detachable. Implants and reconstructive surgery are becoming increasingly important, but are often complicated by the age of the patient and by the risk of osteoradionecrosis postradiation therapy.
<ce:cross-ref refid="bib2">
<ce:sup>2</ce:sup>
</ce:cross-ref>
Patients who have had resection for malignant and nonmalignant lesions will require long-term maintenance care for their dental prosthesis, which will often involve replacement. When a silicone bulb is used to obturate the defect, the silicone sometimes deteriorates, whereas the denture base remains functional.</ce:para>
<ce:para>This article describes a simple procedure to replace a silicone bulb obturator, and a clinical treatment is used to illustrate the procedure.</ce:para>
<ce:section>
<ce:section-title>Procedure</ce:section-title>
<ce:para>A white woman underwent surgical resection of the right maxilla in 1987 after a diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma of the maxillary sinus. A 2-piece maxillary complete denture-obturator was fabricated. The obturator was detachable from the denture base and was made of a resilient silicone material (Molloplast-B, GmbH & Co KG, Ettlingen, Germany). After 8 years of successful maxillary denture-obturator wear, the patient presented with an ill-fitting obturator that was nonretentive and caused frictional lesions on the mucous membrane of the postsurgical defect (Fig. 1).
<ce:display>
<ce:figure>
<ce:label>Fig. 1</ce:label>
<ce:caption>
<ce:simple-para>Original denture base with perished silicone obturator.</ce:simple-para>
</ce:caption>
<ce:link locator="gr1"></ce:link>
</ce:figure>
</ce:display>
The maxillary denture base, which had additional retention from some osseointegrated implants, still functioned and fit well (Fig. 2).
<ce:display>
<ce:figure>
<ce:label>Fig. 2</ce:label>
<ce:caption>
<ce:simple-para>Intraoral view of dental implants.</ce:simple-para>
</ce:caption>
<ce:link locator="gr2"></ce:link>
</ce:figure>
</ce:display>
It was decided to replace the obturator and retain the original denture base with the following procedure.
<ce:list>
<ce:list-item>
<ce:label>1.</ce:label>
<ce:para>Fabricate a sectional impression of the maxillary defect using a silicone rubber-base material (President, Coltene, St Owen, France).</ce:para>
</ce:list-item>
<ce:list-item>
<ce:label>2.</ce:label>
<ce:para>Fabricate a cast of this impression (A1, B1) and construct a wax shell (X) to the dimensions of the desired obturator (Fig. 3).</ce:para>
</ce:list-item>
<ce:list-item>
<ce:label>3.</ce:label>
<ce:para>Insert this “wax-shell obturator” into the maxillary defect and assess for fit and comfort. Trim the “wax shell obturator” so that the original denture base fits comfortably in the mouth with the “wax-shell obturator” in place.</ce:para>
</ce:list-item>
<ce:list-item>
<ce:label>4.</ce:label>
<ce:para>Load the denture base with a polyether rubber impression material (Impregum, Espe Dental-Medizin GmbH & Co KG, Seefeld, Germany) and insert it to engage and locate the “wax shell obturator” (X) and seat it fully in the mouth. Remove the denture base and located “wax shell obturator” from the mouth as a single unit.</ce:para>
</ce:list-item>
<ce:list-item>
<ce:label>5.</ce:label>
<ce:para>Separate the combined “wax shell obturator” (X) and locating material impression (Y) of the maxillary defect from the denture base. (This impression constitutes a final impression of the maxillary defect and includes detail of the surface of the original denture base in the region that relates to the acrylic retentive button on the denture base.)</ce:para>
</ce:list-item>
<ce:list-item>
<ce:label>6.</ce:label>
<ce:para>Fabricate a split cast of the body of the final working impression (Fig. 4, A and B).</ce:para>
</ce:list-item>
<ce:list-item>
<ce:label>7.</ce:label>
<ce:para>Place a separating medium on the stone cast (A, B) and fabricate a locating cast of the section of denture surface and acrylic resin retention plug area of the impression of the maxillary defect (Fig. 4, C).</ce:para>
</ce:list-item>
<ce:list-item>
<ce:label>8.</ce:label>
<ce:para>Dissolve the wax shell (x) using boiling water. Remove the impression material (y) with a scalpel to produce a stone cast of the maxillary defect and acrylic retention plug on the original denture base.</ce:para>
</ce:list-item>
<ce:list-item>
<ce:label>9.</ce:label>
<ce:para>Using this 3-piece working cast, lay down a wax pattern independently on each section to the desired thickness. Trim the wax pattern on each separate section “flush” with the margin, reassemble the sections, and join together the wax pattern on each section using a hot wax knife (Fig. 5).</ce:para>
</ce:list-item>
<ce:list-item>
<ce:label>10.</ce:label>
<ce:para>Flask and pack the wax pattern. Boil out the wax and process a resilient silicone hollow bulb obturator (Molloplast-B).</ce:para>
</ce:list-item>
<ce:list-item>
<ce:label>11.</ce:label>
<ce:para>Fit the new resilient silicone obturator to the original denture base and insert in the patient’s mouth (Fig. 6).</ce:para>
</ce:list-item>
</ce:list>
<ce:display>
<ce:figure>
<ce:label>Fig. 3</ce:label>
<ce:caption>
<ce:simple-para>Split cast constructed to impression of maxillary defect (
<ce:italic>A1,B1</ce:italic>
) and wax shell constructed to dimensions of desired obturator (
<ce:italic>X</ce:italic>
).</ce:simple-para>
</ce:caption>
<ce:link locator="gr3"></ce:link>
</ce:figure>
</ce:display>
<ce:display>
<ce:figure>
<ce:label>Fig. 4</ce:label>
<ce:caption>
<ce:simple-para>Split cast constructed to impression of maxillary defect (
<ce:italic>A, B</ce:italic>
). Wax shell obturator (
<ce:italic>x</ce:italic>
), locating impression material (
<ce:italic>y</ce:italic>
), and locating model of denture surface and acrylic resin retention plug on acrylic resin denture (
<ce:italic>C</ce:italic>
).</ce:simple-para>
</ce:caption>
<ce:link locator="gr4"></ce:link>
</ce:figure>
</ce:display>
<ce:display>
<ce:figure>
<ce:label>Fig. 5</ce:label>
<ce:caption>
<ce:simple-para>Using 3-part model of maxillary defect and original denture base/acrylic resin plug (
<ce:italic>A, B, C</ce:italic>
), wax pattern was laid down to required dimensions of replacement obturator (
<ce:italic>Z</ce:italic>
).</ce:simple-para>
</ce:caption>
<ce:link locator="gr5"></ce:link>
</ce:figure>
</ce:display>
<ce:display>
<ce:figure>
<ce:label>Fig. 6</ce:label>
<ce:caption>
<ce:simple-para>Original denture base with replacement silicone obturator.</ce:simple-para>
</ce:caption>
<ce:link locator="gr6"></ce:link>
</ce:figure>
</ce:display>
</ce:para>
</ce:section>
<ce:section>
<ce:section-title>Discussion</ce:section-title>
<ce:para>Cancers of the oral cavity, oropharynx, nasopharynx, hypopharynx, larynx, sinuses, and major salivary glands account for 5% of all cancers in the United States.
<ce:cross-refs refid="bib3 bib4">
<ce:sup>3,4</ce:sup>
</ce:cross-refs>
The cancer death rate has risen almost without interruption in the United States and oral cancer accounts for about 10,000 deaths annually. Almost half of all patients with oral cancer die from their disease.
<ce:cross-ref refid="bib5">
<ce:sup>5</ce:sup>
</ce:cross-ref>
There is likely to be an increasing number of people in the community who require prosthetic obturation of defects of the maxilla, and simple cost-effective maintenance of the prostheses. Some defects can be closed surgically by means of a soft tissue flap,
<ce:cross-ref refid="bib6">
<ce:sup>6</ce:sup>
</ce:cross-ref>
and the use of osseointegrated implants can greatly enhance the retention of a maxillary denture.
<ce:cross-ref refid="bib7">
<ce:sup>7</ce:sup>
</ce:cross-ref>
The situation is complicated if the defect is large, or if the patient is receiving postradiation therapy.
<ce:cross-refs refid="bib8 bib9">
<ce:sup>8,9</ce:sup>
</ce:cross-refs>
In these clinical situations, a conventional obturator prosthesis, with or without
<ce:cross-ref refid="bib10">
<ce:sup>10</ce:sup>
</ce:cross-ref>
dentures, may be considered the most appropriate treatment option.</ce:para>
<ce:para>Most patients who wear obturator retained prostheses have had an extensive amount of surgical and dental treatment as a result of the management of their tumor. The prosthetic rehabilitation of the postmaxillectomy patient generally requires an immediate postsurgical obturator prosthesis, an interim prosthesis,
<ce:cross-ref refid="bib11">
<ce:sup>11</ce:sup>
</ce:cross-ref>
and a permanent prosthesis.
<ce:cross-refs refid="bib12 bib13">
<ce:sup>12,13</ce:sup>
</ce:cross-refs>
This is a protracted process for the patient.</ce:para>
<ce:para>The obturator design and the material used will depend on the size of the defect and on operator preference.
<ce:cross-ref refid="bib14">
<ce:sup>14</ce:sup>
</ce:cross-ref>
There is a good life expectancy for resilient silicone prostheses if cared for appropriately according to the manufacturer’s guidelines, to avoid plaque accumulation and discoloration caused by heavy smoking, frequent tea drinking, the Molloplast material must be thoroughly cleaned. The manufacturers recommend brushing the prosthesis 3 times daily under running water with a toothbrush and normal or liquid soap (possibly neutral soap). Commercially available cleaning liquid may be used, but the denture should not be immersed for more than 10 to 15 minutes to avoid discoloration. However, the denture base may remain functional for longer than the resilient silicone obturator. In these situations, a clinical technique to replace the obturator without replacement of the denture base is useful. A simple technique is helpful in the management of a case that is not routine, that usually requires specialist treatment, and in which the patient has already undergone extensive surgical treatment.
<ce:cross-ref refid="bib15">
<ce:sup>15</ce:sup>
</ce:cross-ref>
</ce:para>
</ce:section>
<ce:section>
<ce:section-title>Summary</ce:section-title>
<ce:para>This article describes a simple technique to replace a silicone bulb obturator, and a patient treatment was used to illustrate the procedure. The advantages to the patient and to the clinician are reduced chairside time that has obvious cost benefits. Reduction of chairside and laboratory time can also be a significant consideration for the patient who has already had extensive medical and surgical treatment.</ce:para>
</ce:section>
<ce:section view="extended">
<ce:section-title>Supplementary Files</ce:section-title>
<ce:para>
<ce:float-anchor refid="mmc1"></ce:float-anchor>
</ce:para>
</ce:section>
</ce:sections>
</body>
<tail>
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<title>Replacement of an obturator section of an existing two-piece implant-retained edentulous obturator</title>
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<titleInfo type="alternative" lang="en" contentType="CDATA">
<title>Replacement of an obturator section of an existing two-piece implant-retained edentulous obturator</title>
</titleInfo>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">Denise</namePart>
<namePart type="family">MacCarthy</namePart>
<namePart type="termsOfAddress">BDS, MA, MDent Sc</namePart>
<affiliation>School of Dental Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland</affiliation>
<affiliation>Senior Lecturer-Consultant in Restorative Dentistry & Periodontology, School of Dental Science</affiliation>
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<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">Niall</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Murphy</namePart>
<namePart type="termsOfAddress">Dip Technol</namePart>
<affiliation>School of Dental Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland</affiliation>
<affiliation>Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgery Unit, St. James Hospital, Dublin</affiliation>
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<abstract lang="en">Abstract: There is an increasing number of people in the community who have postablative surgery for tumors of the maxilla. Postsurgical defects these individuals have are usually restored by means of a complete or partial denture obturator with various materials, including resilient silicone extensions. These patients require long-term maintenance of their obturator prostheses, which must be considered in the context of their general health and ongoing medical care. When a resilient silicone bulb is used to obturate the defect, the silicone sometimes deteriorates, whereas the denture base remains functional. This article describes a simple procedure to construct a replacement, resilient silicone bulb obturator while retaining the original complete or partial denture base. (J Prosthet Dent 2000;83:652-5.)</abstract>
<note>Reprint requests to: Dr Denise MacCarthy, Department of Restorative Dentistry & Periodontology, School of Dental Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Trinity College, Dublin 2, IRELAND, Fax: (353)1-671-1255</note>
<note type="content">Section title: Original Articles</note>
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