EdenteV2, Istex, Corpus, bibRecord, 004C12

Comparative study on the cranial morphology of Gymnallabes typus (Siluriformes: Clariidae) and their less anguilliform relatives, Clariallabes melas and Clarias gariepinus

Identifieur interne : 004C12 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 004C11; suivant : 004C13

Comparative study on the cranial morphology of Gymnallabes typus (Siluriformes: Clariidae) and their less anguilliform relatives, Clariallabes melas and Clarias gariepinus

Auteurs : Erik Cabuy ; Dominique Adriaens ; Walter Verraes ; Guy G. Teugels

Source :

Journal of Morphology [ 0362-2525 ] ; 1999-05.

RBID : ISTEX:987854FB43D67D611D5FEBA82AA676BE9F7B39D0

English descriptors

KwdEn :
- Abdominal vertebrae, Adductor, Adductor mandibulae, Adductor mandibulae muscle, Adriaens, Anal, Anguilliform, Anguilliform clariids, Anterior ceratohyal, Anteriorly, Apus, Arcus, Arratia, Articulation, Barbel, Bers, Body depth, Boulenger, Burchell, Cabuy, Caudal, Caudal part, Caudal side, Caudally, Ceratohyal, Channallabes, Channallabes apus, Clariallabes, Clariallabes melas, Clarias, Clarias gariepinus, Clarias species, Clariid, Clariidae, Clariids, Congo belge, Connective tissue, Coronoid, Coronoid process, Cranial, Cranial morphology, Cranial muscles, Cranium, Dilatator, Dilatator operculi, Dorsal, Dorsal part, Entopterygoid, Ethmoid, External morphology, Fourth infraorbital, Fourth parapophysis, Gape, Gariepinus, Greenwood, Gymnallabes, Gymnallabes typus, Heterobranchus, Hist, Hyohyoideus, Hyoid, Hyoidei, Hyomandibula, Infraorbital, Lateral, Lateral ethmoid, Lateral side, Lateral view, Levator, Levator arcus palatini, Levator operculi, Lower jaws, Mandible, Mandibulae, Mandibular, Medial, Medial side, Melas, Mesethmoid, Metapterygoid, More posteriorly, Morphology, Musculature, Neurocranial, Neurocranial bones, Neurocranium, Ontogeny, Opercle, Opercular, Opercular muscles, Opercular process, Operculi, Orthogenetic series, Palatini, Parapophysis, Pectoral, Pisces, Posteriorly, Premaxilla, Preopercle, Prevomeral, Prevomeral tooth plate, Protractor, Pterotic, Quadrate, Relative size, Retractor tentaculi, Rostral, Same length, Shes, Siluriformes, Siluroidei, Skull, Skull roof, Skull size, Sphenotic, Sternohyoideus, Stomach analyses, Suprabranchial, Suprabranchial organs, Supraoccipital process, Suprapreopercle, Suspensorium, Tentaculi, Teugels, Typus, Ventral, Ventral hypohyal, Ventral side, Ventrally, Ventrolateral, Verraes, Vertebra, Weberian apparatus, Zool.
Teeft :
- Abdominal vertebrae, Adductor, Adductor mandibulae, Adductor mandibulae muscle, Adriaens, Anal, Anguilliform, Anguilliform clariids, Anterior ceratohyal, Anteriorly, Apus, Arcus, Arratia, Articulation, Barbel, Bers, Body depth, Boulenger, Burchell, Cabuy, Caudal, Caudal part, Caudal side, Caudally, Ceratohyal, Channallabes, Channallabes apus, Clariallabes, Clariallabes melas, Clarias, Clarias gariepinus, Clarias species, Clariid, Clariidae, Clariids, Congo belge, Connective tissue, Coronoid, Coronoid process, Cranial, Cranial morphology, Cranial muscles, Cranium, Dilatator, Dilatator operculi, Dorsal, Dorsal part, Entopterygoid, Ethmoid, External morphology, Fourth infraorbital, Fourth parapophysis, Gape, Gariepinus, Greenwood, Gymnallabes, Gymnallabes typus, Heterobranchus, Hist, Hyohyoideus, Hyoid, Hyoidei, Hyomandibula, Infraorbital, Lateral, Lateral ethmoid, Lateral side, Lateral view, Levator, Levator arcus palatini, Levator operculi, Lower jaws, Mandible, Mandibulae, Mandibular, Medial, Medial side, Melas, Mesethmoid, Metapterygoid, More posteriorly, Morphology, Musculature, Neurocranial, Neurocranial bones, Neurocranium, Ontogeny, Opercle, Opercular, Opercular muscles, Opercular process, Operculi, Orthogenetic series, Palatini, Parapophysis, Pectoral, Pisces, Posteriorly, Premaxilla, Preopercle, Prevomeral, Prevomeral tooth plate, Protractor, Pterotic, Quadrate, Relative size, Retractor tentaculi, Rostral, Same length, Shes, Siluriformes, Siluroidei, Skull, Skull roof, Skull size, Sphenotic, Sternohyoideus, Stomach analyses, Suprabranchial, Suprabranchial organs, Supraoccipital process, Suprapreopercle, Suspensorium, Tentaculi, Teugels, Typus, Ventral, Ventral hypohyal, Ventral side, Ventrally, Ventrolateral, Verraes, Vertebra, Weberian apparatus, Zool.

Abstract

We compare the cranial morphology of four fish species with an increasing anguilliformism in the following order: Clarias gariepinus, Clariallabes melas, Gymnallabes typus, and Channallabes apus. The main anatomical‐morphological disparities are the stepwise reduction of the skull roof along with the relative enlargement of the external jaw muscles, which occurred in each of them. Gymnallabes typus and C. apus lack a bony protection to cover the jaw muscles. The neurocranial bones of C. gariepinus, however, form a closed, broad roof, whereas the width of the neurocranium in C. melas is intermediate. Several features of the clariid heads, such as the size of the mouth and the bands of small teeth, may be regarded as adaptations for manipulating large food particles, which are even more pronounced in anguilliform clariids. The jaw musculature of G. typus is hypertrophied and attached on a higher coronoid process of the lower jaw, causing a larger adductive force. The hyomandibula interdigitates more strongly with the neurocranium and its dentition with longer teeth is posteriorly extended, closer to the lower jaw articulation. The anguilliform clariids also have their cranial muscles modified to enable a wider gape. The adductor mandibulae and the levator operculi extend more posteriorly, and the anterior attachment site of the protractor hyoidei dorsalis shifts toward the sagittal plane of the head. A phylogenetic analysis of the Clariidae, which is in progress, could check the validity of Boulenger's hypothesis that predecessors of the primitive fishes, such as Heterobranchus and most Clarias, would have evolved into progressively anguilliform clariids. J. Morphol. 240:169–194, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

Url:

https://api.istex.fr/document/987854FB43D67D611D5FEBA82AA676BE9F7B39D0/fulltext/pdf

DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4687(199905)240:2<169::AID-JMOR7>3.0.CO;2-3

Links to Exploration step

ISTEX:987854FB43D67D611D5FEBA82AA676BE9F7B39D0

Le document en format XML

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<author><name sortKey="Cabuy, Erik" sort="Cabuy, Erik" uniqKey="Cabuy E" first="Erik" last="Cabuy">Erik Cabuy</name>
<affiliation><mods:affiliation>Institute of Zoology, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium</mods:affiliation>
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<affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: Erik.Cabuy@rug.ac.be</mods:affiliation>
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<affiliation><mods:affiliation>Correspondence address: Laboratory for Histology, University of Ghent, Louis Pasteurlaan 2, B‐9000 Ghent, Belgium.</mods:affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Adriaens, Dominique" sort="Adriaens, Dominique" uniqKey="Adriaens D" first="Dominique" last="Adriaens">Dominique Adriaens</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Verraes, Walter" sort="Verraes, Walter" uniqKey="Verraes W" first="Walter" last="Verraes">Walter Verraes</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Teugels, Guy G" sort="Teugels, Guy G" uniqKey="Teugels G" first="Guy G." last="Teugels">Guy G. Teugels</name>
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Comparative study on the cranial morphology of <hi rend="italic">Gymnallabes typus</hi>
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<affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: Erik.Cabuy@rug.ac.be</mods:affiliation>
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<affiliation><mods:affiliation>Correspondence address: Laboratory for Histology, University of Ghent, Louis Pasteurlaan 2, B‐9000 Ghent, Belgium.</mods:affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Teugels, Guy G" sort="Teugels, Guy G" uniqKey="Teugels G" first="Guy G." last="Teugels">Guy G. Teugels</name>
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<series><title level="j" type="main">Journal of Morphology</title>
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<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Abdominal vertebrae</term>
<term>Adductor</term>
<term>Adductor mandibulae</term>
<term>Adductor mandibulae muscle</term>
<term>Adriaens</term>
<term>Anal</term>
<term>Anguilliform</term>
<term>Anguilliform clariids</term>
<term>Anterior ceratohyal</term>
<term>Anteriorly</term>
<term>Apus</term>
<term>Arcus</term>
<term>Arratia</term>
<term>Articulation</term>
<term>Barbel</term>
<term>Bers</term>
<term>Body depth</term>
<term>Boulenger</term>
<term>Burchell</term>
<term>Cabuy</term>
<term>Caudal</term>
<term>Caudal part</term>
<term>Caudal side</term>
<term>Caudally</term>
<term>Ceratohyal</term>
<term>Channallabes</term>
<term>Channallabes apus</term>
<term>Clariallabes</term>
<term>Clariallabes melas</term>
<term>Clarias</term>
<term>Clarias gariepinus</term>
<term>Clarias species</term>
<term>Clariid</term>
<term>Clariidae</term>
<term>Clariids</term>
<term>Congo belge</term>
<term>Connective tissue</term>
<term>Coronoid</term>
<term>Coronoid process</term>
<term>Cranial</term>
<term>Cranial morphology</term>
<term>Cranial muscles</term>
<term>Cranium</term>
<term>Dilatator</term>
<term>Dilatator operculi</term>
<term>Dorsal</term>
<term>Dorsal part</term>
<term>Entopterygoid</term>
<term>Ethmoid</term>
<term>External morphology</term>
<term>Fourth infraorbital</term>
<term>Fourth parapophysis</term>
<term>Gape</term>
<term>Gariepinus</term>
<term>Greenwood</term>
<term>Gymnallabes</term>
<term>Gymnallabes typus</term>
<term>Heterobranchus</term>
<term>Hist</term>
<term>Hyohyoideus</term>
<term>Hyoid</term>
<term>Hyoidei</term>
<term>Hyomandibula</term>
<term>Infraorbital</term>
<term>Lateral</term>
<term>Lateral ethmoid</term>
<term>Lateral side</term>
<term>Lateral view</term>
<term>Levator</term>
<term>Levator arcus palatini</term>
<term>Levator operculi</term>
<term>Lower jaws</term>
<term>Mandible</term>
<term>Mandibulae</term>
<term>Mandibular</term>
<term>Medial</term>
<term>Medial side</term>
<term>Melas</term>
<term>Mesethmoid</term>
<term>Metapterygoid</term>
<term>More posteriorly</term>
<term>Morphology</term>
<term>Musculature</term>
<term>Neurocranial</term>
<term>Neurocranial bones</term>
<term>Neurocranium</term>
<term>Ontogeny</term>
<term>Opercle</term>
<term>Opercular</term>
<term>Opercular muscles</term>
<term>Opercular process</term>
<term>Operculi</term>
<term>Orthogenetic series</term>
<term>Palatini</term>
<term>Parapophysis</term>
<term>Pectoral</term>
<term>Pisces</term>
<term>Posteriorly</term>
<term>Premaxilla</term>
<term>Preopercle</term>
<term>Prevomeral</term>
<term>Prevomeral tooth plate</term>
<term>Protractor</term>
<term>Pterotic</term>
<term>Quadrate</term>
<term>Relative size</term>
<term>Retractor tentaculi</term>
<term>Rostral</term>
<term>Same length</term>
<term>Shes</term>
<term>Siluriformes</term>
<term>Siluroidei</term>
<term>Skull</term>
<term>Skull roof</term>
<term>Skull size</term>
<term>Sphenotic</term>
<term>Sternohyoideus</term>
<term>Stomach analyses</term>
<term>Suprabranchial</term>
<term>Suprabranchial organs</term>
<term>Supraoccipital process</term>
<term>Suprapreopercle</term>
<term>Suspensorium</term>
<term>Tentaculi</term>
<term>Teugels</term>
<term>Typus</term>
<term>Ventral</term>
<term>Ventral hypohyal</term>
<term>Ventral side</term>
<term>Ventrally</term>
<term>Ventrolateral</term>
<term>Verraes</term>
<term>Vertebra</term>
<term>Weberian apparatus</term>
<term>Zool</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en"><term>Abdominal vertebrae</term>
<term>Adductor</term>
<term>Adductor mandibulae</term>
<term>Adductor mandibulae muscle</term>
<term>Adriaens</term>
<term>Anal</term>
<term>Anguilliform</term>
<term>Anguilliform clariids</term>
<term>Anterior ceratohyal</term>
<term>Anteriorly</term>
<term>Apus</term>
<term>Arcus</term>
<term>Arratia</term>
<term>Articulation</term>
<term>Barbel</term>
<term>Bers</term>
<term>Body depth</term>
<term>Boulenger</term>
<term>Burchell</term>
<term>Cabuy</term>
<term>Caudal</term>
<term>Caudal part</term>
<term>Caudal side</term>
<term>Caudally</term>
<term>Ceratohyal</term>
<term>Channallabes</term>
<term>Channallabes apus</term>
<term>Clariallabes</term>
<term>Clariallabes melas</term>
<term>Clarias</term>
<term>Clarias gariepinus</term>
<term>Clarias species</term>
<term>Clariid</term>
<term>Clariidae</term>
<term>Clariids</term>
<term>Congo belge</term>
<term>Connective tissue</term>
<term>Coronoid</term>
<term>Coronoid process</term>
<term>Cranial</term>
<term>Cranial morphology</term>
<term>Cranial muscles</term>
<term>Cranium</term>
<term>Dilatator</term>
<term>Dilatator operculi</term>
<term>Dorsal</term>
<term>Dorsal part</term>
<term>Entopterygoid</term>
<term>Ethmoid</term>
<term>External morphology</term>
<term>Fourth infraorbital</term>
<term>Fourth parapophysis</term>
<term>Gape</term>
<term>Gariepinus</term>
<term>Greenwood</term>
<term>Gymnallabes</term>
<term>Gymnallabes typus</term>
<term>Heterobranchus</term>
<term>Hist</term>
<term>Hyohyoideus</term>
<term>Hyoid</term>
<term>Hyoidei</term>
<term>Hyomandibula</term>
<term>Infraorbital</term>
<term>Lateral</term>
<term>Lateral ethmoid</term>
<term>Lateral side</term>
<term>Lateral view</term>
<term>Levator</term>
<term>Levator arcus palatini</term>
<term>Levator operculi</term>
<term>Lower jaws</term>
<term>Mandible</term>
<term>Mandibulae</term>
<term>Mandibular</term>
<term>Medial</term>
<term>Medial side</term>
<term>Melas</term>
<term>Mesethmoid</term>
<term>Metapterygoid</term>
<term>More posteriorly</term>
<term>Morphology</term>
<term>Musculature</term>
<term>Neurocranial</term>
<term>Neurocranial bones</term>
<term>Neurocranium</term>
<term>Ontogeny</term>
<term>Opercle</term>
<term>Opercular</term>
<term>Opercular muscles</term>
<term>Opercular process</term>
<term>Operculi</term>
<term>Orthogenetic series</term>
<term>Palatini</term>
<term>Parapophysis</term>
<term>Pectoral</term>
<term>Pisces</term>
<term>Posteriorly</term>
<term>Premaxilla</term>
<term>Preopercle</term>
<term>Prevomeral</term>
<term>Prevomeral tooth plate</term>
<term>Protractor</term>
<term>Pterotic</term>
<term>Quadrate</term>
<term>Relative size</term>
<term>Retractor tentaculi</term>
<term>Rostral</term>
<term>Same length</term>
<term>Shes</term>
<term>Siluriformes</term>
<term>Siluroidei</term>
<term>Skull</term>
<term>Skull roof</term>
<term>Skull size</term>
<term>Sphenotic</term>
<term>Sternohyoideus</term>
<term>Stomach analyses</term>
<term>Suprabranchial</term>
<term>Suprabranchial organs</term>
<term>Supraoccipital process</term>
<term>Suprapreopercle</term>
<term>Suspensorium</term>
<term>Tentaculi</term>
<term>Teugels</term>
<term>Typus</term>
<term>Ventral</term>
<term>Ventral hypohyal</term>
<term>Ventral side</term>
<term>Ventrally</term>
<term>Ventrolateral</term>
<term>Verraes</term>
<term>Vertebra</term>
<term>Weberian apparatus</term>
<term>Zool</term>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">We compare the cranial morphology of four fish species with an increasing anguilliformism in the following order: Clarias gariepinus, Clariallabes melas, Gymnallabes typus, and Channallabes apus. The main anatomical‐morphological disparities are the stepwise reduction of the skull roof along with the relative enlargement of the external jaw muscles, which occurred in each of them. Gymnallabes typus and C. apus lack a bony protection to cover the jaw muscles. The neurocranial bones of C. gariepinus, however, form a closed, broad roof, whereas the width of the neurocranium in C. melas is intermediate. Several features of the clariid heads, such as the size of the mouth and the bands of small teeth, may be regarded as adaptations for manipulating large food particles, which are even more pronounced in anguilliform clariids. The jaw musculature of G. typus is hypertrophied and attached on a higher coronoid process of the lower jaw, causing a larger adductive force. The hyomandibula interdigitates more strongly with the neurocranium and its dentition with longer teeth is posteriorly extended, closer to the lower jaw articulation. The anguilliform clariids also have their cranial muscles modified to enable a wider gape. The adductor mandibulae and the levator operculi extend more posteriorly, and the anterior attachment site of the protractor hyoidei dorsalis shifts toward the sagittal plane of the head. A phylogenetic analysis of the Clariidae, which is in progress, could check the validity of Boulenger's hypothesis that predecessors of the primitive fishes, such as Heterobranchus and most Clarias, would have evolved into progressively anguilliform clariids. J. Morphol. 240:169–194, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</div>
</front>
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<title level="a" type="short" xml:lang="en">CRANIAL MORPHOLOGY IN CLARIIDAE</title>
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<profileDesc><abstract xml:lang="en" style="main"><head>Abstract</head>
<p>We compare the cranial morphology of four fish species with an increasing anguilliformism in the following order: <hi rend="italic">Clarias gariepinus</hi>
,<hi rend="italic"> Clariallabes melas, Gymnallabes typus,</hi>
 and <hi rend="italic">Channallabes apus</hi>
. The main anatomical‐morphological disparities are the stepwise reduction of the skull roof along with the relative enlargement of the external jaw muscles, which occurred in each of them. <hi rend="italic">Gymnallabes typus and C. apus </hi>
lack a bony protection to cover the jaw muscles. The neurocranial bones of <hi rend="italic">C. gariepinus, </hi>
however, form a closed, broad roof, whereas the width of the neurocranium in <hi rend="italic">C. melas </hi>
is intermediate. Several features of the clariid heads, such as the size of the mouth and the bands of small teeth, may be regarded as adaptations for manipulating large food particles, which are even more pronounced in anguilliform clariids. The jaw musculature of <hi rend="italic">G. typus </hi>
is hypertrophied and attached on a higher coronoid process of the lower jaw, causing a larger adductive force. The hyomandibula interdigitates more strongly with the neurocranium and its dentition with longer teeth is posteriorly extended, closer to the lower jaw articulation. The anguilliform clariids also have their cranial muscles modified to enable a wider gape. The adductor mandibulae and the levator operculi extend more posteriorly, and the anterior attachment site of the protractor hyoidei dorsalis shifts toward the sagittal plane of the head. A phylogenetic analysis of the Clariidae, which is in progress, could check the validity of Boulenger's hypothesis that predecessors of the primitive fishes, such as <hi rend="italic">Heterobranchus</hi>
 and most <hi rend="italic">Clarias</hi>
, would have evolved into progressively anguilliform clariids. J. Morphol. 240:169–194, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</p>
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<titleGroup><title type="main" xml:lang="en">Comparative study on the cranial morphology of <i>Gymnallabes typus</i>
 (Siluriformes: Clariidae) and their less anguilliform relatives, <i>Clariallabes melas</i>
 and <i>Clarias gariepinus</i>
</title>
<title type="short" xml:lang="en">CRANIAL MORPHOLOGY IN CLARIIDAE</title>
</titleGroup>
<creators><creator xml:id="au1" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af1" corresponding="yes"><personName><givenNames>Erik</givenNames>
<familyName>Cabuy</familyName>
</personName>
<contactDetails><email>Erik.Cabuy@rug.ac.be</email>
</contactDetails>
</creator>
<creator xml:id="au2" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af1"><personName><givenNames>Dominique</givenNames>
<familyName>Adriaens</familyName>
</personName>
</creator>
<creator xml:id="au3" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af1"><personName><givenNames>Walter</givenNames>
<familyName>Verraes</familyName>
</personName>
</creator>
<creator xml:id="au4" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af2"><personName><givenNames>Guy G.</givenNames>
<familyName>Teugels</familyName>
</personName>
</creator>
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<affiliationGroup><affiliation xml:id="af1" countryCode="BE" type="organization"><unparsedAffiliation>Institute of Zoology, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium</unparsedAffiliation>
</affiliation>
<affiliation xml:id="af2" countryCode="BE" type="organization"><unparsedAffiliation>Ichthyology Department, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium</unparsedAffiliation>
</affiliation>
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<keywordGroup xml:lang="en" type="author"><keyword xml:id="kwd1">Siluriformes</keyword>
<keyword xml:id="kwd2">Clariidae</keyword>
<keyword xml:id="kwd3"><i>Clarias</i>
</keyword>
<keyword xml:id="kwd4"><i>Clariallabes</i>
</keyword>
<keyword xml:id="kwd5"><i>Gymnallabes</i>
</keyword>
<keyword xml:id="kwd6"><i>Channallabes</i>
</keyword>
<keyword xml:id="kwd7">catfish</keyword>
</keywordGroup>
<abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:lang="en"><title type="main">Abstract</title>
<p>We compare the cranial morphology of four fish species with an increasing anguilliformism in the following order: <i>Clarias gariepinus</i>
,<i> Clariallabes melas, Gymnallabes typus,</i>
 and <i>Channallabes apus</i>
. The main anatomical‐morphological disparities are the stepwise reduction of the skull roof along with the relative enlargement of the external jaw muscles, which occurred in each of them. <i>Gymnallabes typus and C. apus </i>
lack a bony protection to cover the jaw muscles. The neurocranial bones of <i>C. gariepinus, </i>
however, form a closed, broad roof, whereas the width of the neurocranium in <i>C. melas </i>
is intermediate. Several features of the clariid heads, such as the size of the mouth and the bands of small teeth, may be regarded as adaptations for manipulating large food particles, which are even more pronounced in anguilliform clariids. The jaw musculature of <i>G. typus </i>
is hypertrophied and attached on a higher coronoid process of the lower jaw, causing a larger adductive force. The hyomandibula interdigitates more strongly with the neurocranium and its dentition with longer teeth is posteriorly extended, closer to the lower jaw articulation. The anguilliform clariids also have their cranial muscles modified to enable a wider gape. The adductor mandibulae and the levator operculi extend more posteriorly, and the anterior attachment site of the protractor hyoidei dorsalis shifts toward the sagittal plane of the head. A phylogenetic analysis of the Clariidae, which is in progress, could check the validity of Boulenger's hypothesis that predecessors of the primitive fishes, such as <i>Heterobranchus</i>
 and most <i>Clarias</i>
, would have evolved into progressively anguilliform clariids. J. Morphol. 240:169–194, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</p>
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<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Erik</namePart>
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<affiliation>Institute of Zoology, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium</affiliation>
<affiliation>E-mail: Erik.Cabuy@rug.ac.be</affiliation>
<affiliation>Correspondence address: Laboratory for Histology, University of Ghent, Louis Pasteurlaan 2, B‐9000 Ghent, Belgium.</affiliation>
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<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Dominique</namePart>
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<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Walter</namePart>
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<affiliation>Institute of Zoology, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium</affiliation>
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<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Guy G.</namePart>
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<abstract lang="en">We compare the cranial morphology of four fish species with an increasing anguilliformism in the following order: Clarias gariepinus, Clariallabes melas, Gymnallabes typus, and Channallabes apus. The main anatomical‐morphological disparities are the stepwise reduction of the skull roof along with the relative enlargement of the external jaw muscles, which occurred in each of them. Gymnallabes typus and C. apus lack a bony protection to cover the jaw muscles. The neurocranial bones of C. gariepinus, however, form a closed, broad roof, whereas the width of the neurocranium in C. melas is intermediate. Several features of the clariid heads, such as the size of the mouth and the bands of small teeth, may be regarded as adaptations for manipulating large food particles, which are even more pronounced in anguilliform clariids. The jaw musculature of G. typus is hypertrophied and attached on a higher coronoid process of the lower jaw, causing a larger adductive force. The hyomandibula interdigitates more strongly with the neurocranium and its dentition with longer teeth is posteriorly extended, closer to the lower jaw articulation. The anguilliform clariids also have their cranial muscles modified to enable a wider gape. The adductor mandibulae and the levator operculi extend more posteriorly, and the anterior attachment site of the protractor hyoidei dorsalis shifts toward the sagittal plane of the head. A phylogenetic analysis of the Clariidae, which is in progress, could check the validity of Boulenger's hypothesis that predecessors of the primitive fishes, such as Heterobranchus and most Clarias, would have evolved into progressively anguilliform clariids. J. Morphol. 240:169–194, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</abstract>
<subject lang="en"><genre>keywords</genre>
<topic>Siluriformes</topic>
<topic>Clariidae</topic>
<topic>Clarias</topic>
<topic>Clariallabes</topic>
<topic>Gymnallabes</topic>
<topic>Channallabes</topic>
<topic>catfish</topic>
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<identifier type="ISSN">0362-2525</identifier>
<identifier type="eISSN">1097-4687</identifier>
<identifier type="DOI">10.1002/(ISSN)1097-4687</identifier>
<identifier type="PublisherID">JMOR</identifier>
<part><date>1999</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>240</number>
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<detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption>
<number>2</number>
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<extent unit="pages"><start>169</start>
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Comparative study on the cranial morphology of Gymnallabes typus (Siluriformes: Clariidae) and their less anguilliform relatives, Clariallabes melas and Clarias gariepinus

Comparative study on the cranial morphology of Gymnallabes typus (Siluriformes: Clariidae) and their less anguilliform relatives, Clariallabes melas and Clarias gariepinus

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