Serveur d'exploration sur le patient édenté

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Revision of the genus Onychiuroides Bagnall, 1948 (Collembola: Onychiuridae: Onychiurinae)

Identifieur interne : 004A38 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 004A37; suivant : 004A39

Revision of the genus Onychiuroides Bagnall, 1948 (Collembola: Onychiuridae: Onychiurinae)

Auteurs : Romuald Pomorski

Source :

RBID : ISTEX:9500CFC18E52802BDA5E54404C3447C0126D72B7

English descriptors


Url:
DOI: 10.1163/187631206788831542

Links to Exploration step

ISTEX:9500CFC18E52802BDA5E54404C3447C0126D72B7

Le document en format XML

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<term>Bojani</term>
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<term>Bulgaria</term>
<term>Bureschi</term>
<term>Cerberus</term>
<term>Chaetotaxy</term>
<term>Cheatotaxy</term>
<term>Claw</term>
<term>Collembola</term>
<term>Denticle</term>
<term>Distinct tooth</term>
<term>Dorsal</term>
<term>Dorsal chaetotaxy</term>
<term>Dorsal cheatotaxy</term>
<term>Dorsally</term>
<term>Empodial</term>
<term>Empodial appendage</term>
<term>Etymology</term>
<term>Evol</term>
<term>Figs material</term>
<term>Finer granulation</term>
<term>Formula pseudocelli</term>
<term>Gama</term>
<term>Genus</term>
<term>Genus onychiuroides</term>
<term>Gisin</term>
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<term>Granulated vesicles</term>
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<term>Handschin</term>
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<json:string>Stach, 1930</json:string>
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<p>© Insect Systematics & Evolution (Group 8) Revision of the genus Onychiuroides Bagnall, 1948 (Collembola: Onychiuridae: Onychiurinae) ROMUALD J. POMORSKI Pomorski, P. J.: Revision of the genus Onychiuroides Bagnall, 1948 (Collembola: Onychiur- idae: Onychiurinae) Insect Syst. Evol. 37: 39-69. Copenhagen, March, 2006. ISSN 1399- 560X. The European genus Onychiuroides Bagnall, 1948 is revised. The genus is defined within the subfamily Onychiurinae on the basis of the arrangement of the dorsal posterior cephalic pseudocelli (set in a triangle), presence of 11 setae in the distal whorl of tibiotarsi and the structure of the reduced furca (finely granulated area with 1+1 setulae posteriorly, in contact with the border between abdominal sterna III and IV). Seven new species are described ( O. igori sp. n., O. pirinensis sp. n., O. paoloi sp. n., O. cerberus sp. n., O. bojani sp. n., O. peteri sp. n. and O. occultus sp. n.). Nine previously known species are redescribed on the basis of types and new specimens [ O. anelli (Denis, 1938), O. bureschi (Handschin, 1928) comb. nov., O. canzianus ( Stach, 1934) comb. nov., O. hrabei (Rusek, 1963) comb. nov., O . papillaeferus (Stach, 1946) comb. nov., O. postumicus (Bonet, 1931) comb. nov., O. pseudogranulosus (Gisin, 1951), O. quadripapillatus (Rusek, 1965) comb. nov., O. subgranulosus (Gama, 1964) comb. nov., O. vornatscheri (Stach, 1946) comb. nov.]. Lectotypes are designated for O. anel- li and O. vornatscheri . O. paucituberculatus (Stach, 1934) comb. nov., O. beroni (Gruia, 1972) comb. nov. and O. multisetis (Gruia, 1971) stat. & comb. nov. are transferred to the genus Onychiuroides after analysis of the original description. Onychiurus granulosus denticulatus Salmon, 1964 is junior synonym of O. granulosus (Stach, 1930). O. longisetosus (Stach, 1954) comb. nov. is regarded as “species inquirenda”. An identification key to all Onychiuroides species is provided. R. J. Pomorski, Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Taxonomy, Zoological Institute, Wroclaw University, Przybyszewskiego 63/77, PL-51-148 Wroclaw, Poland (onychus@ biol.uni.wroc.pl) Insect Syst.Evol. Introduction Thanks to the kindness of Dr. Boyan Petrov from the National Museum of Natural History in Sofia I received a unique material of Onychiurinae col- lected in various Bulgarian and Greek caves. In this material I found five species of Onychiuroides Bagnall, 1948, four of them being new. Besides, I also received Onychiuroides material, collected in the Eastern Carpathians (Ukraine and Poland) by Dr. Igor Kaprus from the Museum of Natural History in Lviv and by Dr. Adrian Smolis from the Wroclaw University. For comparison I examined most of the type material of all species assigned to this genus [Check list of the Collembola (http:// www.geocities.com/~fransjanssens/taxa/onyci- nae.htm), updated on 2005.01.27]. Onychiurus cavernicola Stach, 1934, Onychiu- rus novus Stach, 1960 and Onychiurus hauseri Dallai, 1975 are removed from the list because examining of the type material showed that they belong to other genera. The list presented below reveals my knowledge of the type materials of Onychiuroides . abbreviations: ** – I have investigated the type material; * – I have investigated specimens in all probabil- ity identical with the type material; † – the type material does not exist; + – I have not seen the type material, but I have contacted the author of the species. ? – I do not have information on the type mate- rial, in spite of attempts to contact the authors of the species and the institutions in which the material should be deposited.</p>
<p>** Onychiuroides anelli (Denis, 1938) ? Onychiuroides beroni (Gruia, 1972) comb. nov. † * Onychiuroides bureschi (Handschin, 1928) comb. nov. ** Onychiuroides canzianus (Stach, 1934) comb. nov. † * Onychiuroides granulosus (Stach, 1930) † Onychiuroides granulosus denticulatus (Salmon, 1964) ? Onychiuroides multisetis (Gruia, 1971) stat. & comb. nov. +* Onychiuroides hrabei (Rusek, 1963) comb. nov. † Onychiuroides longisetosus (Stach, 1954) comb. nov. ** Onychiuroides papillaeferus (Stach, 1946) comb. nov. † Onychiuroides paucituberculatus (Stach, 1934) comb. nov. * Onychiuroides postumicus (Bonet, 1931) comb. nov. ** Onychiuroides pseudogranulosus (Gisin, 1951) +* Onychiuroides quadripapillatus (Rusek, 1965) comb. nov. ** Onychiuroides subgranulosus (Gama, 1964) comb. nov. ** Onychiuroides vornatscheri (Stach, 1946) comb. nov. I am indebted to the following persons for the loan of the types, other materials and for detailed infor- mation: Prof. Maria M. da Gama – Department of Zool- ogy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra; Prof. Wanda M. Weiner – Institute of Systematic and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow; Prof. Josef Rusek - Institute of Soil Biology. Czech Academy of Sciences, ˇ Ceské Bud ˇ ejovice; Dr. Charles Lienhard – Museum of Natural Hi- story, Geneva; Dr. Louis Deharveng – Museum of Natural Hi- story, Paris; Dr. Paolo Fanciulli – Department of Evolutionary Biology, University of Siena, Siena. Examination of the present material indicated that almost all species were inaccurately described and needed modern redescriptions. Most earlier re- descriptions are also inaccurate, because a majori- ty of them were not based on type material. The present work is an attempt to give an updated sta- tus of the genus Onychiuroides . It contains a new diagnosis of the genus, redescriptions of available species, descriptions of 7 new species and a deter- mination key to all species. Genus Onychiuroides Bagnall, 1948 Type species. – Onychiurus postumicus Bonet, 1931 Diagnosis . – Thick and bulgy onychiurids with abdominal segments II-VI distinctly broadened, without anal spines (Figs 1, 2). Abdominal seg- ments V and VI fused dorsally. Posterior dorsal cephalic pseudocelli arranged in a triangle. Para- pseudocelli absent on abdominal sterna. Granula- tion homogenous, fine, without areas of stronger granules. Furca reduced to a finely granulated area with 1+1 setulae posteriorly, in contact with the border between abdominal sterna III and IV (Fig. 8). Antennal III sense organ with 4-5 papillae, granulated sensory clubs and 4-5 guard setae. Ve- sicles in postantennal organ granulated. Labium of A type (Fig. 7). Dorsal setae usually differentiated into macro/mesosetae and microsetae. Macro- and mesosetae are thicker, stick-like, always slightly bent and apically rounded or forked. Microsetae are always apically pointed. Sensilla on the body indistinct. 1+1 microsensilla on thoracic terga II- III always present. Seta d 0 present on head. Tibiotarsi with 11 distal setae. When present, male ventral organ located on the ventral tube. Discussion . – Initially the generic status of the ge- nus was not accepted and it was considered as syn- onymous with Onychiurus Gervais, 1841 (Gisin 1960, Palissa 1964) or Paronychiurus Bagnall, 1948 (Stach 1954, Salmon 1964, Babenko et al. 1994). Taxonomic studies of Weiner (1996) and Pomorski (1996) confirmed its generic rank. The genus Onychiuroides is a monophyletic clade with- in Onychiurini, with one clear autapomorphy: dorsal posterior cephalic pseudocelli set in a trian- gle. The genus shares two synapomorphies with Deharvengiurus Weiner, 1996 and Vibronychiurus Pomorski, 1998: the same structure of furcal field and presence of 11 setae in the distal whorl of tibiotarsi. Occurrence . – The distribution of the genus is lim- ited to Europe. According to the present knowl- edge the distribution centre of Onychiuroides is situated in Bulgaria. In this country almost every mountain range and every cave system has its 40 Pomorski, R. J. INSECT SYST. EVOL. 37:1 (2006)</p>
<p>”own” species. However, it can not be excluded that this high level of endemism will be geographi- cally extended. Description of species Onychiuroides igori sp. nov. (Figs 1-12) Material examined. – Type material: holotype reproduc- tive male on slide; 12 paratypes (3 reproductive males, 1 unreproductive male, 7 females) on 6 slides; Poland, Carpathians, Bieszczady Mts., Bieszczadzki National Park, “Mala Rawka” Mt., valley of small stream, litter with soil, 3 X 2004, leg. A. Smolis (preserved in the col- lection of the Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Taxonomy, Wroclaw University). Additional material . – 2 unreproductive male, 3 females, 1 juv; Poland, Carpathians, Bieszczady Mts., Pszczeliny, litter with soil in beech forest, 30 IX 1996, leg. I. Kaprus’. Etymology . – The species is dedicated to my friend Dr. Igor Kaprus’ from the National Museum of Natural History in Lviv’. He was the first person to notice the morphological distinction of Onychiuroides population in the Eastern Carpathians. Diagnosis. – O. igori sp. n. shares the structure of antennal III sense organ with O. pseudogranulo- sus , but the new species has 1+1 setae on the metasternum and its subapical organite on the tip of antenna is guarded by integumentary papillae. O. pseudogranulosus has no setae on metasternum and no integumentary papillae on tip of antenna. Description . – Body length: males 0.8-0.9 mm, females 1.2-1.4 mm. White. Granulation uniform and fine, antennal base well marked by finer and regular granulation (Fig. 3). Pseudocellar formula dorsally: 33/133/33333, ventrally: 1/000/1212, formula pseudocelli on subcoxa1: 2/2/2. Subapical organite guarded by a few integumentary papillae (Fig. 4). Antennal III sense organ consists of 4 papillae, 2 sensory rods, 2 granulated sensory clubs, 4 guard setae (Figs 5, 6). Postantennal organ ca. 3 times as long as pseudocellus, with 11-12 finely granulated vesicles (Fig. 3). Dorsal cheato- taxy (Fig. 1) distinctly differentiated into stick- like, gradually tapered and apically rounded macro- and mesosetae (Figs 9, 10), and apically pointed microsetae (Fig. 11). On abdominal ter- gum I m 1 microseta. No setae on pro- and meso- sternum; metasternum with 1+1 setae (Fig. 2). Claw without tooth. Empodial appendage as long as claw or a little shorter, without basal lamella (Fig. 12). Males with ventral organ consisting of 4+4 thickened fluke-like setae, located on ventral tube in posterolateral position. Onychiuroides pseudogranulosus (Gisin, 1951) (Figs 13-19) Onychiurus pseudogranulosus Gisin, 1951: 3. Material examined. – Type material: holotype (unknown sex) on slide: Italia (Prov. Avellino): Commune di Avella, Grotta degli Sportiglioni, 24 XI 1946, leg. La Greca. (preserved in the collection of the Museum of Natural History, Geneva). Additional material . – 3 females, 3 females juv, 1 male juv., 1 juv.: Austria (Niederoesterreich): Klauswald, Turmkogel (Oetscher Gebirge), 1957, leg. Franz. 2 reproductive males, 1 juv.: Switzerland (Geneva): Vessy, bois de charmes (= Carpinus betulus ), fr¸enes (= Fraxinus excelsior ) etc., 1946, leg. H. Gisin. 3 females, 1 male juv.: France (Bourgogne), Gouffre des Plains Bois (C.O. 273), 8 III 1958, leg. Rousset (Spéléo-Club Dijon). 2 females Switzerland (Geneva): Bois de Versoix, du côté de Sauvernier, 6.IV.1952, taillis humide avec tapis de Vinca minor et d’Anemone nemorosa, leg. H. Gisin. 1 female: Italy, Terminillo, Pian di Stura, 2 VIII 1965, leg. ? (R. Dallai collection) 1 male unrepro- ductive: Italy, Terminillo, Fosso di Micigliano, 10 VIII 1966, leg. ? (R. Dallai collection) 1 female: Italy, Praderadego, Follina (TV), 18 IV 1973, leg ? Redescription . – Body length: males 1.05-1.1 mm, females 1.25-1.4 mm. White. Granulation uniform and fine, antennal base well marked by finer gran- ulation (Fig. 15). Pseudocellar formula dorsally: 33/133/33333, ventrally: 1/000/1212, formula pseudocelli on subcoxa1: 2/2/2. Subapical orga- nite not guarded by integumentary papillae. An- tennal III sense organ consists of 4 papillae, 2 sen- sory rods, 2 granulated sensory clubs, 4 guard setae (Fig. 14). Postantennal organ small, ca. 3 times as long as pseudocellus, with 9 finely gra- nulated vesicles (Fig. 15). Dorsal chaetotaxy (Fig. 13) very distinctly differentiated into stick-like and apically blunt macro- and mesosetae (Figs 17, 16). Microsetae apically pointed (Fig. 18). Macro- and mesosetae are usually of same thickness from base to tip, but this character may be different in different populations. Seta m 1 on abdominal ter- gum I is an apically rounded mesoseta. No ventral setae on thorax. Claw without tooth. Empodial appendage as long as claw, without basal lamella (Fig. 19). Ventral tube of males with ventral organ consisting with 4+4 thickened fluke-like setae, located in posterolateral position. INSECT SYST. EVOL. 37:1 (2006) Revision of the genus Onychiuroides 41</p>
<p>42 Pomorski, R. J. INSECT SYST. EVOL. 37:1 (2006) Figs 1-2. O. igori sp. n.: (1) habitus and dorsal chaetotaxy; (2) habitus and ventral chaetotaxy.</p>
<p>INSECT SYST. EVOL. 37:1 (2006) Revision of the genus Onychiuroides 43 Figs 3-12. O. igori sp. n.: (3) postantennal organ and pseudocelli at base of antenna; (4) tip of antenna with subapi- cal organite guarded by integumentary papillae; (5) antennal III sense organ; (6) sensory clubs and sensory rods; (7) labium; (8) remnant of furca; (9) macroseta; (10) mesoseta; (11) microseta; (12) tibiotarsal chaetotaxy and claw of legs III.</p>
<p>44 Pomorski, R. J. INSECT SYST. EVOL. 37:1 (2006) Figs 13-19. O. pseudogranulosus (Gisin, 1951): (13) habitus and dorsal chaetotaxy; (14) antennal III sense organ; (15) postantennal organ and pseudocelli at base of antenna; (16) mesoseta; (17) macroseta; (18) microseta; (19) tibio- tarsal chaetotaxy and claw of legs III.</p>
<p>Remarks . – The holotype of O. pseudogranulosus is in a very bad condition. Only a few details of the antennal III sense organ and the claw are visible, and the present redescription is therefore based on French (Gisin’s collection) and the Italian (Dallai collection) specimens. O. igori sp. n. is the closest relative of O. pseu- dogranulosus (see diagnosis of O. igori ). O. pseu- dogranulosus shares the general shape of macro-, and mesosoetae with O. subgranulosus , but differ in number of guard setae in antennal III sense organ and in structure of the claw ( O. pseudogranu- losus – 4 setae and no tooth on claw; O. subgranu- losus – 5 setae and a tooth on claw). Onychiuroides subgranulosus (Gama, 1964) comb. nov. (Figs 20-28) Onychiurus subgranulosus Gama, 1964: 176. Material examined . – Type material: 11 paratypes (2 females, 9 juveniles on slide); Portugal, Coimbra, Candeixa, Gruta do Poço da Cova da Moura; 12 VI 1961; leg. M. M. da Gama (preserved in Gama’s person- al collection). Additional material . – 17 specimens, juveniles and 1 reproductive male on two slides; Portugal, Coimbra, Parque de Santa Cruz, poplar; 11 IV 1961; leg. M. M. da Gama. 2 females, 1 unreproductive male, 3 juvenile; same data as above (preserved in the collection of the Museum of Natural History, Geneva). Redescription . – Body length: males 0.9 mm, females 1.2-1.3 mm. White. Granulation uniform and fine, antennal base well marked by finer granu- lation (Fig. 21). Pseudocellar formula dorsally: 33/133/33333, ventrally: 1/000/1212, formula pseudocelli on subcoxa1: 2/2/2. Subapical orga- nite not guarded by integumentary papillae. An- tennal III sense organ consists of 4 papillae, 2 sen- sory rods, 2 granulated sensory clubs, 5 guard se- tae (Figs 22, 23). Postantennal organ small, ca. 2- 2.5 times long as pseudocellus, with 9 finely gra- nulated vesicles (Fig. 21). Dorsal cheatotaxy (Fig. 20) very distinctly differentiated into stick-like and apically rounded macro- and mesosetae of uniform thickness (Figs 24, 25), and apically pointed microsetae (Fig. 26). On abdominal ter- gum I seta m 1 is an apically rounded mesoseta. No ventral setae on thorax. Claw with tooth. Empodial appendage as long as claw or a little shorter, with- out basal lamella (Fig. 28). Ventral tube of males with ventral organ consisting of 4+4 thickened fluke-like setae, located in posterolateral position (Fig. 27). Remarks . – O. subgranulosus belongs to the group of species with 4 papillae and 5 guard setae in the antennal III sense organ, and is related to O. paoloi sp. n. described below, from which it differs in the shape and length of macrosetae and a constant presence of an inner tooth on the claw (see diagno- sis of O. paoloi sp. n.). Onychiuroides bureschi (Handschin, 1928) comb. nov. (Figs 29-35) Onychiurus bureschi Handschin, 1928: 285 Material examined. – 2 unreproductive males, 1 female, 1 destroyed specimen, on 4 slides; Bulgaria, cave “Ledenik” near Vratza; 5 VI 1933, Stach coll. (preserved in the collection of the Institute of Systematic and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow). Description . – Body length: unreproductive males 1.5 mm, female 1.85 mm. White. Granulation uni- form and fine, antennal base well marked by finer granulation (Fig. 31). Pseudocellar formula dor- sally: 33/133/33333, ventrally: 1/000/1212, for- mula pseudocelli on subcoxa1: 2/2/2. Subapical organite typical, not guarded by integumentary papillae. Antennal III sense organ consists of 4 pa- pillae, 2 sensory rods, 2 granulated sensory clubs, 5 guard setae (Fig. 30). Postantennal organ small, ca. 2.5-3 times long as pseudocellus, with 9 finely granulated vesicles (Fig. 31). The bases of the vesicles are touching (Fig. 32). Dorsal chaetotaxy (Fig. 29) poorly differentiated into stick-like, grad- ually tapering, apically rounded macro- and meso- setae and apically pointed microsetae. On abdom- inal tergum I seta m 1 is an apically pointed micro- seta. Thoracic sterna without setae. Claw without tooth. Empodial appendage as long as claw or a lit- tle shorter, without basal lamella (Fig. 35). Ventral organ invisible in unreproductive males. Remarks . – The type material of O. bureschi (a sin- gle specimen from a Bulgarian cave “Ledenik”) probably has been lost. Stach’s (1946) first redescription was based on a single specimen from an Upper Stirian (Austria) deciduous forest. This specimen was preserved in Stach’s collection, but in a very bad condition. Morphological details which were possible to examine (structure of antennal III sense organ, postantennal organ and INSECT SYST. EVOL. 37:1 (2006) Revision of the genus Onychiuroides 45</p>
<p>46 Pomorski, R. J. INSECT SYST. EVOL. 37:1 (2006) Figs 20-28. O. subgranulosus (Gama, 1964): (20) habitus and dorsal chaetotaxy; (21) postantennal organ and pseudo- celli at base of antenna; (22) antennal III sense organ; (23) sensory clubs and sensory rods; (24) macroseta; (25) mesoseta; (26) microseta; (27) fluke-like setae in male ventral organ; (28) tibiotarsal chaetotaxy and claw of legs III.</p>
<p>INSECT SYST. EVOL. 37:1 (2006) Revision of the genus Onychiuroides 47 Figs 29-35. O. bureschi (Handschin, 1928): (29) habitus and dorsal chaetotaxy; (30) antennal III sense organ; (31) postantennal organ and pseudocelli at base of antenna; (32) arrangement of bases of vesicles in postantennal organ; (33) microseta; (32) macroseta; (35) tibiotarsal chaetotaxy and claw of legs III.</p>
<p>shape of macrosetae) show that the specimen should be classified as O. pseudogranulosus . Stach’s (1954) second redescription was supported by 12 specimens from Eastern Carpathians (Ja- remcza, Chernogora, Ukraine). Of this material only one specimen (almost completely destroyed) was found in the collection. Besides, in Stach’s collection I found 4 specimens of O. bureschi , not mentioned in literature (1 damaged specimen on slide, 3 alcohol-preserved). They were collected in the exact type locality. The examination of Bulgarian and Ukrainian specimens revealed that they are not conspecific. The Ukrainian specimen is clearly smaller and represents another Ony- chiuroides species, but its condition does not give a safe identification. O. bureschi is closely related to O. pirinensis sp. n. described below, because of the structure of antennal III sense organ and the shape of macrose- tae (see diagnosis of O. pirinensis sp. n.). Onychiuroides pirinensis sp. nov. (Figs 35-45) Material examined. – Type material: holotype reproduc- tive female on slide; 1 paratype reproductive female on slide; Bulgaria, Pirin Mts., circus Bayuvi dupki cave 33(13), 2220 m alt.; 24 VIII 2002; under stone; leg. P. Beron, B. Petrov (holotype preserved in the collection of the Department of Systematic Zoology and Zoogeo- graphy, Wroclaw University, paratype preserved in the collection of the National Museum of Natural History in Sofia). Etymology . – Named after its type locality – the Pirin Mts. Diagnosis. – O. pirinensis belongs to the group of species with 4 papillae and 5 guard setae in the antennal III sense organ, and is related to O. bureschi , from which it differs in the structure and length of postantennal organ which consists of 14- 15 vesicles, and in the presence of a denticle on claw ( O. bureschi – 9 vesicles separated at base, claw without denticle). Description . – Body length: females 1.7 mm. White. Granulation uniform and fine, antennal base poorly marked by finer granulation. Pseudocellar formula dorsally: 33/133/33333, ventrally: 1/000/1212, formula pseudocelli on sub- coxa1: 2/2/2. Subapical organite not guarded by integumentary papillae. Antennal III sense organ consists of 4 papillae, 2 sensory rods, 2 granulated sensory clubs, 5 guard setae (Figs 37, 38). Postan- tennal organ relatively long, ca. 4-5 times as long as pseudocellus, with 14-15 granulated, bush-like vesicles (Figs 39, 41). The bases of vesicles are in contact with each other (Fig. 40). Dorsal cheato- taxy (Fig. 36) poorly differentiated into stick-like, gradually tapered, apically rounded macro- and mesosetae (Figs 42, 43), and apically pointed microsetae (Fig. 44). On abdominal tergum I seta m 1 is an apically pointed microseta. No ventral setae on thorax. Claw with distinct tooth. Em- podial appendage as long as claw or a little shorter, without basal lamella (Fig. 45). Males un- known. Onychiuroides paoloi sp. nov. (Figs 46-53) Material examined. – Type material: holotype reproduc- tive male on slide; 19 paratypes (3 reproductive males, 3 unreproductive male, 12 females, 1 juv.) on 8 slides; Italia, Val di Farma, Siena, 27 II 1979, leg. ? (holotype and 9 paratypes preserved in the collections of the Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Taxonomy, Wroclaw University, 10 paratypes preserved in the collection of the Dipartamento di Biologia Evolutiva, Universita’ di Siena, Siena). Etymology . – The species is dedicated to Dr. Paolo Fanciulli from Dipartamento di Biologia Evolutiva, Universita’ di Siena, Siena. Thanks to his kindness I received a rich Onychiuroides material from the Italian Peninsula. Diagnosis. – O. paoloi sp. n. shares the structure of antennal III sense organ and a sporadic presence of denticle on claw with O. pseudogranulosus , but the macro- and mesosetae of the new species are gradually tapered and distinctly shorter. The rela- tively longer macro- and mesosetae of O. subgran- ulosus are of even thickness from base to tip. Description . – Body length: males 1.1-1.25mm, females 1.3-1.4 mm. White. Granulation uniform and fine, antennal base well marked by finer and regular granulation. Pseudocellar formula dorsal- ly: 33/133/33333, ventrally: 1/000/1212, formula pseudocelli on subcoxa1: 2/2/2. Subapical orga- nite typical, not guarded by integumentary papil- lae. Antennal III sense organ consists of 4 papillae, 2 sensory rods, 2 granulated sensory clubs, 5 guard setae (Fig. 49). Postantennal organ ca. 3-4 times as long as pseudocellus, with 11-12 finely granulated vesicles (Fig. 47). The bases of vesicles are in con- tact with each other (Fig. 48). Dorsal cheatotaxy (Fig. 46) distinctly differentiated into stick-like, gradually tapered and apically rounded macro- 48 Pomorski, R. J. INSECT SYST. EVOL. 37:1 (2006)</p>
<p>INSECT SYST. EVOL. 37:1 (2006) Revision of the genus Onychiuroides 49 Figs 35-45. O. pirinensis sp. n.: (36) habitus and dorsal chaetotaxy; (37) antennal III sense organ; (38) sensory clubs and sensory rods; (39) postantennal organ (40) arrangement of bases of vesicles in postantennal organ; (41) vesicle in postantennal organ; (42) macroseta; (43) mesoseta; (44) microseta; (45) tibiotarsal chaetotaxy and claw of legs III.</p>
<p>50 Pomorski, R. J. INSECT SYST. EVOL. 37:1 (2006) Figs 46-53. O. paoloi sp. n.: (46) habitus and dorsal chaetotaxy; (47) postantennal organ; (48) arrangement of bases of vesicles in postantennal organ; (49) antennal III sense organ; (50) macroseta; (51) microseta; (52-53) tibiotarsal chaetotaxy and claw of legs III.</p>
<p>(Fig. 50) and mesosetae, and apically pointed mi- crosetae (Fig. 51). On abdominal tergum I seta m 1 is a mesoseta. Thoracic sterna without setae. Claw with or without tooth (the presence of a tooth is more frequent in males). Empodial appendage as long as claw or a little shorter, without basal lamella (Figs 52, 53). Males with ventral organ consisting of 4+4 thickened fluke-like setae, locat- ed on ventral tube in posterolateral position. Onychiuroides hrabei (Rusek, 1963) comb. nov. (Figs 54-61) Onychiurus hrabei Rusek, 1963: 269 Material examined. – 3 unreproductive males, 3 females on 4 slides; Poland, Carpathians, Bieszczady Mts., Bieszczadzki National Park, “Mala Rawka” Mt., valley of small stream, litter with soil, 3 X 2004, leg. A. Smolis. 1 unreproductive male, 1 female, juv. on slide; Poland, Carpathians, Bieszczady Mts., “Przelom Oslawy pod Duszatyniem” natural reserve, Alnus forest, litter with soil, 2 V 2004, leg. A. Smolis Redescription. – Body length: unreproductive males 1.1 mm, females 1.25-1.3 mm. White. Granulation uniform and fine, antennal base well marked by finer granulation (Fig. 59). Pseudocellar formula dorsally: 33/133/33333, ventrally: 1/000/ 1212, formula pseudocelli on subcoxa1: 2/2/2. Subapical organite guarded by 3 small integumen- tary papillae (Fig. 55). Antennal III sense organ consists of 4 papillae, 2 sensory rods, 2 granulated sensory clubs, 5 guard setae (Fig. 56). Postantennal organ ca. 3 times as long as pseudocellus, with 10- 11 finely granulated vesicles (Fig. 59). The bases of vesicles are separated (Fig. 60). Dorsal cheato- taxy (Fig. 54) very distinctly differentiated into relatively long macro- (Fig. 57) and mesosetae which are of uniform thickness and apically forked, and apically pointed microsetae (Fig. 58). On ab- dominal tergum I seta m 1 is an apically forked mesoseta. On pro- and mesosternum no setae; me- tasternum with 1+1 setae. Claw without tooth. Em- podial appendage a little longer than claw, without basal lamella (Fig. 61). Ventral tube of males with ventral organ consisting of 3+3 thickened fluke- like setae, located in posterolateral position. Remarks . – O. hrabei was described based on a juvenile male from the “Vihorlat” mountains in Slovakia (beech forest near lake “Malé Morské Oko”) (Rusek 1963). I have not seen the holotype, but I have received precise morphological data directly from the author of the species. This allowed me to ascertain the affiliations of speci- mens from the Polish Carpathians to O. hrabei . O. hrabei belongs to the group of species with 4 papillae and 5 guard setae in antennal III sense organ and apically forked macrosetae on dorsal side of body. O. hrabei is related to O. quadri- papillatus , from which it distinctly differs in the presence of 1+1 setae on metasternum and the presence of m 1 setae on abdominal terga I-III. Onychiuroides quadripapillatus (Rusek, 1965) comb. nov. (Figs 62-69) Onychiurus quadripapillatus Rusek, 1965: 186 Material examined. – unreproductive male and female on 2 slides; Bulgaria,Vitosha Mts., Bosnek Distr., Pernik, cave “Jivata Voda”, 1000 m alt.; 27 XI 2002; under stone in clay; leg. P. Beron, B. Petrov, Vl. Besh- kov. Redescription . – Body length: males 1.0 mm, females 1.8-2.2 mm. White. Granulation uniform and relatively coarse on head, antennal area well marked by finer granulation. Pseudocellar formula dorsally: 33/133/33333, ventrally: 1/000/1212, formula pseudocelli on subcoxa1: 2/2/2. Subapical organite typical, not guarded by integumentary papillae (Fig. 63). Antennal III sense organ con- sists of 4 relatively short papillae, 2 sensory rods, 2 granulated sensory clubs, 5 guard setae (Fig. 67). Postantennal organ relatively long, ca. 4-5 times as long as pseudocellus, with 14-17 granulated vesi- cles (Figs 68). The bases of vesicles are separated from each other. Dorsal cheatotaxy (Fig. 62) very distinctly differentiated into relatively long meso- and macrosetae which are apically forked and of even thickness (Fig. 66), and apically pointed microsetae (Fig. 65). Abdominal terga I-III with- out m 1 setae. No ventral setae on thorax. Claw with distinct tooth. Empodial appendage as long as claw or a little shorter, without basal lamella (Fig. 69). Male ventral organ situated on ventral tube, consisting of 3+3 thick, fluke-like setae. Remarks . – The type locality of O. quadripapilla- tus is an old adit in the Witosha Mts. (Bulgaria; Urviˇc near Sofia). Two specimens examined by me completely correspond to Rusek’s (1965) diagno- sis. Because of the apically forked macro- and mesosetae O. quadripapillatus is related to O. hrabei and to three new species described below: INSECT SYST. EVOL. 37:1 (2006) Revision of the genus Onychiuroides 51</p>
<p>52 Pomorski, R. J. INSECT SYST. EVOL. 37:1 (2006) Figs 54-61. O. hrabei (Rusek, 1963): (54) habitus and dorsal chaetotaxy; (56) tip of antenna; subapical organite guarded by integumentary papillae; (56) antennal III sense organ; (57) macroseta; (58) microseta; (59) postantennal organ and pseudocelli at base of antenna; (60) arrangement of bases of vesicles in postantennal organ; (61) tibiotarsal chaetotaxy and claw of legs III.</p>
<p>INSECT SYST. EVOL. 37:1 (2006) Revision of the genus Onychiuroides 53 Figs 62-69. O. quadripapillatus (Rusek, 1965): (62) habitus and dorsal chaetotaxy; (63) tip of antenna, subapical organite; (64) labium; (65) microseta; (66) macroseta; (67) antennal III sense organ; (68) postantennal organ and pseudocelli at base of antenna; (69) tibiotarsal chaetotaxy and claw of legs III.</p>
<p>O. bojani sp. n., O. peteri sp. n. and O. cerberus sp. n. The reduction of m-setae in the dorsal ab- dominal chaetotaxy points to a close relationship of O. quadripapillatus with O. cerberus . Onychiuroides cerberus sp. nov. (Figs 70-76) Material examined. – Type material: holotype, female on slide; Greece, Western Rodopi Mts., Potami (Borovo) Nomos Drama, cave Peristerones in the valley of river Despotis (Dospatdere); 21 IX 2000; under stones in guano; leg. B. Petrov, P. Stoev (preserved in the collec- tion of the Department of Systematic Zoology and Zoogeography, Wroclaw University). Etymology . – The new species name is derived from the Latin name of a mythical dog guarding the gates of Hades – “Cerberus”. Diagnosis. – O. cerberus belongs to the group of species with apically forked setae and 4 papillae and 5 guard setae in antennal III sense organ. It differs from them in the strongly reduced dorsal chaetotaxy (lack of m 1 setae and small number of macrosetae). Besides, the bases of vesicles in the postantennal organ are distinctly broader than in the related species. The reduction of dorsal chaeto- taxy places O. cerberus close to O. quadripapilla- tus . Description . – Body length: female 1.8 mm. White. Granulation uniform and fine, antennal base poorly marked by more regular and finer granulation. Pseudocellar formula dorsally: 33/ 133/33333, ventrally: 1/000/1212, formula pseu- docelli on subcoxa1: 2/2/2. Subapical organite ty- pical, not guarded by integumentary papillae. An- tennal III sense organ consists of 4 papillae, 2 sen- sory rods, 2 granulated sensory clubs, 5 guard setae (Fig. 73). Postantennal organ ca. 4-5 times as long as pseudocellus, with 11 granulated, bush- like vesicles. The bases of vesicles are relatively broad and separated from each other (Figs 71, 72). Dorsal cheatotaxy (Fig. 70) distinctly differentia- ted into stick-like apically forked macro- and mesosetae (Fig. 75), and apically pointed microse- tae (Fig. 74). Thoracic II, III and abdominal terga I-IV without m 1 setae. No ventral setae on thorax. Claw with very distinct tooth. Empodial appendage as long as claw or a little shorter, with- out basal lamella (Fig. 76). Males unknown. Onychiuroides bojani sp. nov. (Figs 77-85) Material examined. – Type material: holotype, unrepro- ductive male on slide; Bulgaria, Pirin Mts. circus, Bansko suhodol, cave No. 9, 2400 m alt.; 2 IX 2002; on wet rocks; leg. K. Bogocheva. Paratype, female on slide; Bulgaria Pirin Mts. circus, Razlog, Bayuvi dupki cave (33)13, 2220 m alt.; 24 VIII 2002; leg. P. Beron, B. Petrov (holotype preserved in the collection of the Department of Systematic Zoology and Zoogeography, Wroclaw University, paratype preserved in the collec- tion of the National Museum of Natural History in Sofia). Etymology . – I dedicate the new species to Dr. Boyan Petrov who personally collected the material of Bulgarian cave springtails and kindly made it available to me. Diagnosis. – O. bojani belongs to the group of species with apically forked setae and 4 papillae and 5 guard setae in antennal III sense organ. The new species shares the presence of integumentary papillae, guarding the subapical organite, with O. peteri sp. n. described below. O. bojani has a smaller number of vesicles in antennal III sense organ and slim, distinctly longer and toothless claws. Description . – Body length: unreproductive male 2.0 mm, female 2.3 mm. White. Body more cylin- drical than in other members of the genus and with relatively longer antennae and legs. Granulation uniform and fine, antennal base marked by more regular and finer granulation (Fig. 81). Pseudo- cellar formula dorsally: 33/133/33333, ventrally: 1/000/1212, formula pseudocelli on subcoxa1: 2/2/2. Apical part of antennomere IV with 3 inte- gumentary papillae guarding of subapical organite (Fig. 78). Antennal III sense organ consists of 4 papillae, 2 sensory rods, 2 granulated sensory clubs, 5 guard setae (Figs 79, 80). Postantennal organ ca. 4 times as long as pseudocellus, with 13 granulated, bush-like vesicles (Fig. 81). The bases of vesicles are thin, separated from each other. Dorsal cheatotaxy (Fig. 77) very distinctly differen- tiated into thin, apically forked macro- and mesosetae (the character is visible at high magni- fication 600-1000 X) (Fig. 85), and apically poin- ted microsetae. Abdominal tergum I-III with m 1 as microsetae. No ventral setae on thorax. Claw slim, relatively long, without tooth (Figs 82-84). Empo- dial appendage as long as claw or a little shorter, without basal lamella (Fig. 82). Males without ventral organ (only an unreproductive male seen). 54 Pomorski, R. J. INSECT SYST. EVOL. 37:1 (2006)</p>
<p>INSECT SYST. EVOL. 37:1 (2006) Revision of the genus Onychiuroides 55 Figs 70-76. O. cerberus sp. n.: (70) habitus and dorsal chaetotaxy; (71) postantennal organ and pseudocellus at base of antenna; (72) vesicle in postantennal organ; (73) antennal III sense organ; (74) microseta; (75) macroseta; (76) tibiotarsal chaetotaxy and claw of legs III.</p>
<p>56 Pomorski, R. J. INSECT SYST. EVOL. 37:1 (2006) Figs 77-81. O. bojani sp. n.: (77) habitus and dorsal chaetotaxy; (78) tip of antenna, subapical organite guarded by integumentary papillae; (79) antennomere IV, antennal III sense organ; (80) sensory clubs and sensory rods; (81) postantennal organ and pseudocelli at base of antenna.</p>
<p>Onychiuroides peteri sp. nov. (Figs 86-94) Material examined. – Type material: holotype (unrepro- ductive male on slide) and 2 paratypes, (female and juvenile on 2 slides); Bulgaria Pirin Mts. circus, Razlog, Bayuvi dupki cave (33)13, 2220 m alt.; 24 VIII 2002; under stone; leg. P. Beron, B. Petrov (holotype preserved in the collection of the Department of Systematic Zoology and Zoogeography, Wroclaw University, paratype preserved in the collection of the National Museum of Natural History in Sofia). Etymology . – I dedicate the new species to Dr. Peter Beron who collected the new species. Diagnosis. – O. peteri belongs to the group of species with apically forked setae and 4 papillae and 5 guard setae in antennal III sense organ. The new species shares the presence of 3 integumen- tary papillae, guarding the subapical organite with O. bojani , but differs by an almost complete lack of microsetae. Its apically pointed mesosetae are distinctly longer than in other Onychiuroides species, reaching 1/2-3/4 length of the apically forked macrosetae. Description . – Body length: unreproductive male 1.9 mm, female 2.2 mm. White. Granulation uni- form and fine, antennal area well marked by finer granulation (Fig. 93). Pseudocellar formula dor- sally: 33/133/33333, ventrally: 1/000/1212, for- mula pseudocelli on subcoxa1: 2/2/2. Apical part of antennomere IV with 3 integumentary papillae guarding the subapical organite (Figs 87, 88). Antennal III sense organ consists of 4 papillae, 2 relatively long sensory rods, 2 granulated sensory clubs, 5 guard setae (Figs 89, 90). Postantennal organ ca. 6-7 times as long as pseudocellus, with INSECT SYST. EVOL. 37:1 (2006) Revision of the genus Onychiuroides 57 Figs 82-85 O. bojani sp. n.: (82-84) tibiotarsal chaetotaxy and claw of legs III; (85) macroseta.</p>
<p>58 Pomorski, R. J. INSECT SYST. EVOL. 37:1 (2006) Figs 86-94. O. peteri sp. n.: (86) habitus and dorsal chaetotaxy; (87-88) tip of antenna, subapical organite guarded by integumentary papillae; (89) antennal III sense organ; (90) sensory clubs and sensory rods; (91) mesoseta; (92) macroseta; (93) postantennal organ and pseudocelli at base of antenna; (94) tibiotarsal chaetotaxy and claw of legs III.</p>
<p>21-23 granulated, bush-like vesicles (Fig. 93). The bases of vesicles are thin, separated from each other. Dorsal cheatotaxy (Fig. 86) very poorly dif- ferentiated into thin, apically forked macrosetae (the character is visible at high magnification 600- 1000 X) (Fig. 92) and apically pointed mesosetae which are 1 ⁄ 2 - 3 ⁄ 4 as long as the macrosetae (Fig. 91). Microsetae absent. Abdominal tergum I-III with m 1 as mesosetae. No ventral setae on thorax. Claw with distinct tooth (Fig. 94). Empodial appendage as long as claw, without basal lamella. Males with- out ventral organ, but reproductive males not seen. Onychiuroides occultus sp. nov. (Figs 95-102) Material examined. – Type material: holotype unrepro- ductive male on slide; 7 paratypes (1 unreproductive male, 4 females, 2 juv.) on 6 slides; Austria, Ötscher- cave; 9 VII 1934; in the corridor on the stalagmits; leg. J. Vornatscher (preserved in the collection of the Institute of Systematic and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences in Kraków). Etymology . – The new species name is derived from the Latin word “occultus” – something hidden, a secret. The new species was “hidden” in the same sample containing also the type material of O. vornatscheri in Stach’s col- lection. Diagnosis. – O. occultus sp. n. belongs to the group of species with 5 papillae and 5 guard setae in antennal III sense organ. It differs from all of them by very short and poorly differentiated body hairs. An exceptional character is he presence of 1+1 parapseudocelli on the ventral side of head in posterolateral position. The new species is related to O. granulosus by the same structures of anten- nal III sense organ and postantennal organ. Description . – Body length: unreproductive males 1.2-1.4 mm, females 1.6-1.8 mm. White. Gra- nulation uniform and very distinct, antennal base well marked by finer and regular granulation (Fig. 98). Pseudocellar formula dorsally: 33/133/33333, ventrally: 1/000/1212, formula pseudocelli on sub- coxa1: 2/2/2. Ventral side of head with 1+1 para- pseudocelli posterolaterally. Subapical organite typical, not guarded by integumentary papillae. Antennal III sense organ consists of 5 papillae, 2 sensory rods, 2 granulated sensory clubs, 5 guard setae (Figs 96, 97). Postantennal organ ca. 3 times as long as pseudocellus, with 9 finely granulated vesicles (Fig. 98). The bases of vesicles are in con- tact with each other (Fig. 99). Dorsal cheatotaxy (Fig. 95) poorly differentiated into relatively short, stick-like, gradually tapered and apically rounded mesosetae (Fig. 100), and apically pointed microsetae (Fig. 101). Dorsal macrosetae are hard- ly differentiated. On abdominal tergum I seta m 1 is a micrososeta. Thoracic sterna without setae. Claw with distinct tooth. Empodial appendage as long as claw or a little shorter, without basal lamella (Fig. 102). Male ventral organ present. Unreproductive males with 3+3 not fully changed, but thickened setae, located on ventral tube in posterolateral position. Onychiuroides granulosus (Stach, 1930) Onychiurus granulosus Stach, 1930: 285 Syn. nov.: Onychiurus granulosus denticulatus Salmon, 1964 Description . – Body length: males 1.0 mm, fe- males 1.5-1.6 mm. White. Granulation uniform and fine, antennal base well marked by smaller and more regular arrangement of granules. Pseu- docellar formula dorsally: 33/133/33333, ventral- ly: 1/000/1212, formula pseudocelli on subcoxa1: 2/2/2. Subapical organite typical, not guarded by integumentary papillae. Antennal III sense organ consists of 5(4) short papillae, 2 sensory rods, 2 granulated sensory clubs, 5 guard setae. Postan- tennal organ with 10-11 small and finely granulat- ed vesicles, 3 times as long as pseudocellus. The bases of vesicles are touching each other. Cheato- taxy symmetrical, differentiated into stick-like, gradually tapered and apically rounded macro- and mesosetae and apically pointed microsetae. Thoracic tergum I with 6+6 setae, abdominal terga I-III with 3+3 submedial setae (m 1 on abdominal tergum I is an apically rounded mesoseta). Ventral tube with 1+1 seta at base and 8+8 setae apically. No ventral setae on thorax. Claw usually without tooth, but in some populations females with a small denticle. Empodial appendage shorter than claw (3/4-2/3 of inner edge of claw), without basal lamella. Males with ventral organ situated on ven- tral tube, consisting of 4+4 thick, fluke-like setae. Remarks . – The species was originally described from Hungary (Stach 1930) but the type material has been lost. Subsequent redescriptions (Stach 1934, Pomorski 1998) were based on Polish mate- rial. Stach (1934) described Polish specimens with a denticle on claws as Onychiurus granulosus f. denticulata , without indication of type specimens INSECT SYST. EVOL. 37:1 (2006) Revision of the genus Onychiuroides 59</p>
<p>60 Pomorski, R. J. INSECT SYST. EVOL. 37:1 (2006) Figs 95-102. O. occultus sp. n.: (95) habitus and dorsal chaetotaxy; (96) antennal III sense organ; (97) sensory clubs and sensory rods; (98) postantennal organ and pseudocelli at base of antenna; (99) arrangement of bases of vesicles in postantennal organ; (100) macroseta; (101) microseta; (102) tibiotarsal chaetotaxy and claw of legs III.</p>
<p>and location. Salmon (1964) elevated this form to the subspecies rank. Pomorski (1998) discovered such denticles in females from some Polish popu- lations. In this light Onychiurus granulosus den- ticulatus Salmon, 1964 is a junior synonym of O. granulosus . The species still needs a redescription based on the Hungarian materials. O. granulosus , together with O. multisetis and O. paucituberculatus , belongs to the group of species with 5 papillae and 5 guard setae in anten- nal III sense organ and 1+1 pseudocelli on ventral side of head. It differs from them by a lower num- ber of setae on thoracic tergum I and a greater number of vesicles in postantennal organ, respec- tively. Onychiuriodes multisetis (Gruia, 1971) stat. & comb. nov. Onychiurus granulosus multisetis Gruia, 1971: 288 Description . – Body length 1.7 mm. White. Pseudocellar formula dorsally: 33/133/33333, ventrally: 1/000/1212, formula pseudocelli on sub- coxa1: 2/2/2. Antennal III sense organ consists of 5 relatively long papillae, 2 sensory rods, 2 granu- lated sensory clubs, 5 guard setae. Postantennal organ composed of 8 granulated vesicles. Abdominal terga I-III with 3+3 submedial setae. Thoracic tergum I with 9-11 setae on each side. Claw without tooth, empodial appendage as long as inner edge of claw, without basal lamella. Males ventral organ absent. Remarks . – The type material of O. multisetis is not available. The species was described from Romania (District de Alba, cave “Pe¸stera Ghet˛arul de la Sc ˇ ari¸soara”) as a subspecies of O. granulo- sus . It belongs to the group of species with 5 papil- lae and 5 guard setae in antennal III sense organ and is characterized by a large number of setae on thoracic tergum I and the lack of male ventral organ. Both these characters are of very high diag- nostic value and justify increasing the rank of this subspecies to species. However, O. multisetis still needs redescription. Onychiuroides beroni (Gruia, 1972) comb. nov. Onychiurus beroni Gruia, 1972: 257 Description . – Body length 1.3-1.4 mm. White. Granulation fine, antennal base well marked. Pseudocellar formula dorsally: 33/133/33333, ventrally: 2/000/1212, formula pseudocelli on sub- coxa1: 2/3/3. Antennal III sense organ consists of 5 long papillae, 2 sensory rods, 2 granulated sen- sory clubs, 5 guard setae. Postantennal organ with 21-24 granulated vesicles. Thoracic tergum I with 6+6 setae. Chaetotaxy differentiated into apically rounded macro- and mesosetae and apically poin- ted microsetae (the character is visible in the draw- ings of the original description). Claw without tooth, empodial appendage shorter than claw with basal lamella present. Males unknown. Remarks . – The type material of O. beroni is not available. The species was described from a Bulgarian cave “Veneca”. It undoubtedly belongs to the group of species with 5 papillae in antennal III sense organ and 2 pseudocelli on ventral side of head. It differs from all members of the genus in the presence of 2/3/3 pseudocelli on subcoxa1. The species needs redescription. Onychiuroides canzianus (Stach, 1934) comb. nov. Onychiurus canzianus Stach, 1934: 200 Material examined. – Type material: 2 syntypes, repro- ductive male and female on slide; originally labelled “Italia, Krain, Rudolfdorn, St. Canzian-Höhle” at pres- ent Slovenia, ˇ Skocijanska jama; 3 IV 1928; leg. H. J. Stammer. 2 females and 1 specimen of unknown sex on 3 slides; same data as syntypes (preserved in the collec- tion of the Institute of Systematic and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences in Kraków). Redescription . – Body length: males 1.0 mm, fe- males 1.3 mm. White. Body more cylindrical than in other members of the genus. Granulation uni- form and fine, antennal base well marked. Pseudocellar formula dorsally: 33/133/33333, ventrally: 2/000/1212, formula pseudocelli on sub- coxa1: 2/2/2. Antennal III sense organ consists of 5 long papillae, 2 sensory rods, 2 granulated sen- sory clubs, 5 guard setae. Postantennal organ with ca. 10 granulated vesicles. Details of dorsal chaetotaxy invisible. No ventral setae on thorax. Claw with distinct tooth. Empodial appendage longer than inner edge of claw, without basal lamella. Male ventral organ absent. Remarks . – Because of the bad condition of the type material, the above redescription is only a compilation of first description (Stach 1934) and some new data. The most important characters are INSECT SYST. EVOL. 37:1 (2006) Revision of the genus Onychiuroides 61</p>
<p>not visible and the species needs a modern rede- scription. Gruia’s (1971) complementary rede- scription possibly relates to a different species. O. canzianus belongs to the group of species with 5 papillae and 2 pseudocelli on ventral side of head, and is related with O. postumicus and O. vornatscheri . It differs from both of them in a dis- tinctly smaller size of reproductive specimens and the presence of a denticle on the claw. Onychiuroides anelli (Denis, 1938) (Figs 103-108) Onychiurus anelli Denis, 1938: 100 Material examined. – Type material: lectotype (present designation), female on slide; originally labelled “N˚1, G. v. Colombi Rachitori” (at present Slovenia); 9 X 1933; leg. ? Paralectotypes (present designation): 3 unreproductive males, 4 female and 1 juv. on slide; same data as lectotype (preserved in the collection of the Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris). Redescription . – Body length: unreproductive males 1.4 mm, females 1.6-1.7 mm. White. Granu- lation uniform and very distinct, antennal base poorly marked by finer and regular granulation. Pseudocellar formula dorsally: 33/133/33333, ventrally: 2/000/1212, formula pseudocelli on sub- coxa1: 2/2/2. Subapical organite relatively big, located in a spherical depression, not guarded by integumentary papillae. Antennal III sense organ consists of 5 papillae, 2 sensory rods, 2 granulated sensory clubs, 5 guard setae (Fig. 105). Postan- tennal organ very long ca. 6 times long as pseudo- cellus, with 18-20 finely granulated vesicles (Fig. 104). The bases of vesicles are separated from each other. Dorsal cheatotaxy (Figs 103, 106) dif- ferentiated into relatively long, gradually tapered, apically rounded macro- and mesoetae, and apical- ly pointed microsetae. On abdominal tergum I seta m 1 is a micrososeta. Thoracic sterna without setae. Claw of males with distinct tooth (Fig. 107), claw of females toothless (Fig. 108). Empodial append- age as long as claw or a little longer, without basal lamella. Male ventral organ not observed. Remarks . – O. anelli was described from a Slo- venian cave, located in the neighborhood of the cave “Postojna” (locus typicus of O. postumicus ). The type material is crushed and partly damaged. The lectotype is without distal parts of all legs. Despite the bad condition of the types, the most important characters are visible. O. anelli belongs to the group of species with 5 papillae, 5 guard setae in antennal III sense organ and 2 pseudocelli on ventral side of head. Because of the structure of the postantennal organ it is very closely related with O. postumicus , from which it differs in the presence of a denticle on the claw in males and in generally longer setae in dorsal chaetotaxy. Besides, males of O. postumicus have a ventral organ, while males of O. anelli have none according to literature data. Unfortunately this dif- ference can not be confirmed as there were no adult males available. Because the type localities are very close to each other, and because of the morphological similarity, the separate status of the taxa should be confirmed by examination of fresh material. Onychiuroides postumicus (Bonet, 1931) comb. nov. (Figs 109-115) Onychiurus postumicus Bonet, 1931: 20. Material examined. – 1 unreproductive male and 6 females on 5 slides; originally labelled “Italia, Grotta di Postumia, Tartaros (Inferno) auf Wasserresten und Schlamm” at present Slovenia, Postojna cave; 19-27 VIII 1930; leg. R. G. Spoecker (preserved in the collec- tion of the Institute of Systematic and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences in Kraków). Redescription . – Body length: males 1.9 mm, females 2.0-2.1 mm. White. Granulation uniform and fine, antennal base poorly marked by smaller granules in regular arrangement (Fig. 111). Pseu- docellar formula dorsally: 33/133/33333, ventral- ly: 2/000/1212, formula pseudocelli on subcoxa1: 2/2/2. Subapical organite typical, not guarded by integumentary papillae. Antennal III sense organ consists of 5 relatively high papillae, 2 sensory rods, 2 granulated sensory clubs and 5 guard setae (Fig. 110). Postantennal organ relatively long, ca. 4-5 times as long as pseudocellus, with 14-17 granulated vesicles (Fig. 111). The bases of vesi- cles are thin, separated from each other (Fig. 112). Dorsal cheatotaxy (Fig. 109) poorly differentiated into apically rounded meso- and macrosetae, and apically pointed microsetae. On abdominal tergum I seta m 1 is a mesoseta. No ventral setae on thorax. Claw without tooth. Empodial appendage as long as claw or a little shorter, without basal lamella (Fig. 115). Male ventral organ situated on ventral tube, consisting of 2+2 thick, fluke-like setae (Figs 113, 114). 62 Pomorski, R. J. INSECT SYST. EVOL. 37:1 (2006)</p>
<p>INSECT SYST. EVOL. 37:1 (2006) Revision of the genus Onychiuroides 63 Figs 103-108. O. anelli (Denis, 1938): (103) dorsal chaetotaxy and arrangement of pseudocelli on thoracic and abdominal terga; (104) postantennal organ and pseudocelli at base of antenna (105) antennal III sense organ; (106) chaetotaxy of abdominal terga III-VI; (107-108) tibiotarsal chaetotaxy and claw of legs III.</p>
<p>64 Pomorski, R. J. INSECT SYST. EVOL. 37:1 (2006) Figs 109-115. O. postumicus (Bonet, 1931): (109) habitus and dorsal chaetotaxy; (110) antennal III sense organ; (111) postantennal organ and pseudocelli at base of antenna; (112) arrangement of bases of vesicles in postantennal organ; (113) fluke-like setae in ventral organ, adult male (after Stach, 1934); (114) fluke-like setae in ventral organ, subadult male; (115) tibiotarsal chaetotaxy and claw of legs III.</p>
<p>Remarks . – The examined material was also the base of Stach’s (1934) redescription. It comes from the type locality and undoubtedly is conspe- cific with that described by Bonet (1931). Among the known species of the genus O. postumicus is well defined by the presence and structure of the male ventral organ (2+2 fluke-like setae on ventral tube) and is closely related with O. anelli and O. vornatscheri (conspecificity of O. postumicus and O. anelli – see remarks to O. anelli ). O. postumi- cus and O. vornatscheri have the same pseudocel- lar formulae, a very similar arrangement and pro- portions of setae in the dorsal chaetotaxy. The structure of claw is similar too, but O. vornatscheri has a distinct lamella on the empodial appendage. Besides, O. vornatscheri is bigger and has no male ventral organ. Onychiuroides vornatscheri (Stach, 1946) comb. nov. (Figs 116-121) Onychiurus vornatscheri Stach, 1946: 23. Material examined. – Type material: lectotype (present designation), reproductive male on slide; Austria, Ötsch- er-cave; 9 VII 1934; in the corridor on the stalagmits; leg. J. Vornatscher. 14 paralectotypes (present designa- tion), males, females, juv.; same data as lectotype (pre- served in the collection of the Institute of Systematic and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences in Kraków). Redescription . – Body length: males 2.5 mm, females 2.7-2.8 mm. White. Granulation uniform and fine, antennal base poorly marked by smaller granules in regular arrangement (Fig. 117). Pseudocellar formula dorsally: 33/133/33333, ventrally: 2/000/1212, formula pseudocelli on sub- coxa1: 2/2/2. Subapical organite typical, not guarded by integumentary papillae (Fig. 118). An- tennal III sense organ consists of 5 relatively high papillae, 2 sensory rods, 2 granulated sensory clubs and 5 guard setae (Figs 119, 120). Postan- tennal organ relatively long, ca. 6-7 times long as pseudocellus, with 14-17 granulated vesicles (Fig. 117). The bases of vesicles are thin, separated from each other. Dorsal cheatotaxy (Fig. 116) poorly differentiated into apically rounded meso- and macrosetae, and apically pointed microsetae. On abdominal tergum I seta is a microseta. No ventral setae on thorax. Claw without tooth. Em- podial appendage as long as claw or a little short- er, with distinct basal lamella (Fig. 121). Males without ventral organ. Remarks . – See remarks of O. postumicus . Onychiuroides papillaeferus (Stach, 1946) comb. nov. (Figs 122-123) Onychiurus papillaeferus Stach, 1946: 20. Material examined. – Type material: holotype (2 frag- ments of body on slide: part of dorsal thoracic and abdominal cuticle, legs and part of ventral abdominal cuticle); Austria, Wandellucke-cave; 12 VIII 1934; leg. J. Vornatscher (holotype preserved in the collection of the Institute of Systematic and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences in Kraków). Description . – Body length: 1.0 mm. White. Gra- nulation uniform and fine, antennal area not marked. Pseudocellar formula dorsally: 33/122/ 22232, ventrally: 2/000/1101, formula pseudocelli on subcoxa1: 2/2/2. Antennal III sense organ con- sists of 5 relatively long papillae, 2 sensory rods, 2 granulated sensory clubs, 5 guard setae. Apical part of antennomere IV with 3 integumentary papillae guarding the subapical organite (Figs 122, 123). Postantennal organ very small, as long as one pseudocellus, composed of 5-6 granulated vesicles. Cheatotaxy unknown. Claw long and nar- row without tooth. Empodial appendage a little shorter than claw, with narrow basal lamella. Remarks . – The above description is based on one specimen of unknown age and sex. The fragments of the holotype do not enable a full redescription. Only tibiotarsi and claws are well visible - the specimen has 11 setae in the distal whorl. The fact that these characters are mentioned in the original description, and other morphological data from the description, make it possible to place the species in the genus Onychiuroides . Outside the type lo- cality O. papillaeferus was also recorded from a North Italian cave (Gisin 1950), but this record needs confirmation. O. papillaeferus belongs to the group of species with 5 papillae and 5 guard setae in antennal III sense organ. Within this group the species is char- acterized by the structure of the apical part of antenna and presence of only 2+2 pseudocelli on thoracic II-III and abdominal terga I-III. However, this unusual pseudocellar formulae needs a verifi- cation, and O. papillaeferus should be redescribed from new material. INSECT SYST. EVOL. 37:1 (2006) Revision of the genus Onychiuroides 65</p>
<p>66 Pomorski, R. J. INSECT SYST. EVOL. 37:1 (2006) Figs 116-121. O. vornatscheri (Stach, 1946): (116) habitus and dorsal chaetotaxy; (117) postantennal organ and pseudocelli at base of antenna; (118) tip of antenna, subapical organite; (119) antennomere IV, antennal III sense organ; (120) sensory clubs and sensory rods; (121) tibiotarsal chaetotaxy and claw of legs III.</p>
<p>Onychiuroides paucituberculatus (Stach, 1934) comb. nov. (Fig. 124) Onychiurus paucituberculatus Stach, 1934: 84. Description . – Body length: 1.7-2.0 mm. White. Granulation uniform and fine, antennal base not marked. Pseudocellar formula dorsally: 32/122/ 33332, ventrally: 1/000/1-2, 1-2, 1-2, 1-2, formula pseudocelli on subcoxa1: 1-2/1-2/1-2. Antennal III sense organ consists of 5 relatively long papillae, 2 sensory rods, 2 granulated sensory clubs, 5 guard setae. Postantennal organ small, elliptic, 1.5 length of one pseudocellus, composed of 6-7 multilobed vesicles (Fig. 124). Cheatotaxy unknown. Claw long and narrow without tooth. Empodial ap- pendage a little shorter than claw, without basal lamella. Males ventral organ not observed. Remarks . – O. paucituberculatus was described from a Slovenian cave “Celina” (Stach 1930). The type material has been lost, but the original description and drawings clearly show that the species belongs to the genus Onychiuroides . O. paucituberculatus belongs to the group of species with 5 papillae in antennal III sense organ. Within this group it is characterized by a very small postantennal organ which consists of only 6-7 multilobed vesicles, and the pseudocellar formula. O. paucituberculatus needs a redescription based on new materials, because some important charac- ters are unknown (chaetotaxy) or need verification (pseudocellar formula). Onychiuroides longisetosus (Stach, 1954) comb. nov. Onychiurus longisetosus Stach, 1954: 145. Description . – Body length, holotype male 1.0 mm. White. Granulation uniform, with distinct base of antenna. Pseudocellar formula dorsally: 12/133/33332, ventrally: 1/000/1??2, formula pseudocelli on subcoxa1: 1/1/1. Antennal III sense organ consists of 4 papillae, 2 sensory rods, 2 granulated sensory clubs and 4 guard setae. Postantennal organ relatively long, ca. 6 times as long as pseudocellus, with 16 granulated vesicles. Dorsal chaetotaxy distinctly differentiated into microsetae and very long macrosetae. Thoracic tergum I with 5+5 setae. Claw without tooth, with “pseudonychium-like” lateral processus. Empo- dial appendage a little shorter than inner edge of claw, without basal lamella. Male ventral organ absent. Remarks . – The species was described from Ukrainian Carpathians, (“Charnogora” Mts., spruce forest near village Jaremcze) from a single specimen (male) which has been lost. In spite of recent faunistic investigations of the Charnogora Mts. (Kaprus’, personal communications) O. lon- INSECT SYST. EVOL. 37:1 (2006) Revision of the genus Onychiuroides 67 Figs 122-124. O. paucituberculatus (Stach, 1934) and O. papillaeferus (Stach, 1946): (122-123) O. papillaeferus – tip of antenna, subapical organite guarded by integumentary papillae; (124) O. paucituberculatus – postantennal organ (after Stach 1934, 1946).</p>
<p>gisetosus was not recollected. The original description clearly points to the genus Onychiur- oides . However it has one exceptional character - the presence of “pseudonychium-like processus” on the claw. Such structures do not occur at all in the family Onychiuridae and may possibly have a teratological base. The holotype of O. longisetosus may have been an aberrant specimen. At present the species can be regarded as “species inquiren- da” and is not included in the following key. Key to adults and subadults of Onychiuroides spp. 1. Antennal III organ with 4 papillae ......................... 2 – Antennal III organ with 5 papillae ....................... 11 2. Antennal III organ with 4 guard setae.................... 3 – Antennal III organ with 5 guard setae.................... 4 3. Metasternum with 1+1 setae, subapical organ- ite guarded by integumentary papillae (Fig. 4) ........................ O. igori sp. n. (Poland; Carpathians, Bieszczady Mts.) – Metasternum without setae, subapical organite typical, located in small funnel-like depression not surrounded by papillae .......................... .............. O. pseudogranulosus (Gisin, 1951) (Italia, Switzerland, France, Austria, Kroatia, Ukraine?) 4. Dorsal macro- and mesosetae apically blunt.......... 5 – Dorsal macro- and mesosetae apically forked (the character can be seen at high magnifica- tion)......................................................................... 7 5. Dorsal macro- and mesosetae rod-like, of even thickness (Figs 24, 25)...................................... ... O. subgranulosus (Gama, 1964) (Portugal, Spain) – Dorsal macro- and mesosetae gradually taper- ed (Figs 42, 43, 50) ................................................ 6 6. Size of adults more than 1.5 mm, claws with- out denticle, postantennal organ with 9 vesicles (Figs 31, 32) ............ O. bureschi (Handschin, 1928) (Bulgaria; Balkan Mts.) – Size of adults more than 1.5 mm, claws with distinct denticle, postantennal organ with 14- 15 vesicles (Figs 39, 40) ........... O. pirinensis sp. n. (Bulgaria; Pirin Mts.) – Size of adults less than 1.5 mm, claws with or without denticle, postantennal organ with 9-11 vesicles ........................................... O. paoloi sp. n. (Italia; Val di Farma) 7. Metasternum with 1+1 setae ..................... O. hrabei (Rusek, 1963) (Slovakia; Vyhorlat Mts., Poland; Bieszczady Mts. ) – On metasternum no setae ...................................... 8 8. On abdominal terga I-III seta m 1 absent. Sub- apical organite typical (Fig. 63) ............................. 9 – On abdominal terga I-III seta m 1 present. Subapical organite guarded by integumentary papillae (Figs 78, 87, 88) .................................... 10 9. Thoracic terga II-III with seta m 1 present ........................... O. quadripapillatus (Rusek, 1965) (Bulgaria; Witosha Mts.) – On thoracic terga II-III seta m 1 absent ............ ..... O. cerberus sp. n. (Grece; Western Rodopi Mts.) 10. Claws distinctly elongated (as in Figs 82-84), without denticle. Postantennal organ with 13- 14 vesicles ....................................... O. bojani sp. n. (Bulgaria; Pirin Mts.) – Claws typical (as in Fig. 94), with small denti- cle. Postantennal organ with 20-21 vesicles ...................... O. peteri sp. n. (Bulgaria; Pirin Mts.) 11. Subapical organite guarded by 3 integumentary papillae (Figs 122, 123) ................. O. papillaeferus (Stach, 1946) (Austria, Italia?) – Subapical organite typical, located in a small funnel-like depression, not surrounded by pa- .............................................................................. 12 12. Head ventrally with 1+1 pseudocelli .................. 13 – Head ventrally with 2+2 pseudocelli (postero- lateral pso present) ............................................... 15 – Head ventrally with 1+1 pseudocelli and 1+1 parepseudocelli posterolaterally ... O. occultus sp. n. (Austria) 13. Postantennal organ circular or oval, two times longer than pseudocellus, consisting of 6-7 multilobed vesicles (Fig. 124) .......................... ........ O. paucituberculatus (Stach, 1934) (Slovenia) – Postantennal organ elongated, three times longer than pseudocellus, consisting of 9-11 finely granulated vesicles ..................................... 14 14. I thoracic tergum with 6-7 setae on each side of the midline .................. O. granulosus (Stach, 1930) (Austria, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia) – I thoracic tergum with 9-11 setae on each side ..................... O. multisetis (Gruia, 1971) (Romania) 15. Subcoxa II and III with 3 pseudocelli ............. ........................... O. beroni (Gruia, 1972) (Bulgaria) – All subcoxa with 2 pseudocelli ............................ 16 16. Length of adults less than 1.3 mm .................. .... O. canzianus (Stach, 1934) (Slovenia, Romania?) – Length of adults more than 1.3 mm ..................... 17 17. Claws of males usually with denticle, claws of females without denticle ..... O. anelli (Denis, 1938) (Slovenia) – Claws of males always without denticle .............. 18 18. Males with ventral organ consisting 2+2 fluke- like setae, located on posterior part of ventral tube (Figs 113, 114). Empodial appendage without lamella. Length of adults: males 1.9 mm, females 2.0 mm.......................... O. postumicus (Bonet, 1931) (Slovenia) – Males without ventral organ, empodial ap- pendage with lamella, length of adults: males 2.5 mm, females 2.7-2.8 mm ............................ ................... O. vornatscheri (Stach, 1946) (Austria) Acknowledgements I wish to express my sincere thanks to anonymous reviewer for extensive English corrections and valuable remarks. References Babenko, A. B., Chernova, N. M., Potapov N. B. & Ste- baeva S. K. (1988) Opriedielitiel kollembol fauny SSSR. Nauka, Moscov: 214 pp. 68 Pomorski, R. J. INSECT SYST. EVOL. 37:1 (2006)</p>
<p>Dallai, R. (1975) Ricerche sui Collemboli. XX. Due nuovi Onychiurus delle prealpi Venete. Revue suisse de Zoologie . 82, 3: 515-518. Gisin, H. (1950) Quelques Collemboles Cavernicoles d’Italie du Nord. Bolletino della Societa Entomol- ogica Italiana. 80 (9-10): 93-95. Gruia, M. (1971) Sur certaines espèces d’Onychiuridae (Collembola) des grottes de Romanie. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia 16, 4: 283-288. Gruia, M. (1972) Quelques espèces nouvelles de Collemboles cavernicoles. Travaux de l’Institut de Speoleologie “Emile Racovitza”. 11: 257-264. Handschin, E. (1928) Höhlencollembolen aus Bulga- rien . Mitteiungenl aus den Naturwissenschftlichen In- stituten Sofias . 1: 17-27 Palissa, A., (1964) Die Tierwelt Mitteleuropas. Band IV, I Teil, Apterygota . Leipzig: 405 pp. Pomorski, R. J. (1998) Onychiurinae of Poland (Collem- bola: Onychiuridae). Genus (Supl.): 201 pp. Rusek, J. (1963) K poznani collembol (Insecta, Aptery- gota) Vihorlatu. Publications de la Faculté des Sciences de l’Université J.E. Purkynˇe. 444: 263-286. Rusek, J. (1965) Beitrag zur Collembolen-fauna Bul- gariens. Acta Universitatis Carolinae Biologica. 2: 179-191. Salmon, J. T. (1964) An index to the Collembola . Vol. 1- 2, Society Victoria University of Wellington, Welling- ton: 144 pp. Stach, J. (1934) Przegl˛ad gatunków rodzaju Onychiurus Gervais zyj˛acych w jaskiniach Europy. Annales Musei Zoologici Polonici. 10, 11: 111-222. Stach, J. (1946) Ten new species of Collembola from the Alps and Alpine Foreland. Polska Akademia Umiej- e˛tno´sci, Prace Muzeum Przyrodniczego , 5: 1-40. Stach, J. (1954) The apetrygotan fauna of Poland in relation to the world-fauna of this group of insects. Family: Onychiuridae. PWN, Kraków: 219 pp. Weiner, W. M. (1996) Generic revision of Onychiuridae (Collembola: Onychiuridae) with cladistic analysis. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France (N.S.). 32 (2): 163-200. INSECT SYST. EVOL. 37:1 (2006) Revision of the genus Onychiuroides 69 Accepted for publication April 2005</p>
<p>70 Pomorski, R. J. INSECT SYST. EVOL. 37:1 (2006)</p>
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