The use of titanium implants and prosthodontic techniques in the preparation of non-human primates for long-term neuronal recording studies
Identifieur interne : 004810 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 004809; suivant : 004811The use of titanium implants and prosthodontic techniques in the preparation of non-human primates for long-term neuronal recording studies
Auteurs : K. F. Betelak ; E. A. Margiotti ; M. E. Wohlford ; D. A. SuzukiSource :
- Journal of Neuroscience Methods [ 0165-0270 ] ; 2001.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Abutment, Acrylic resin, Albrektsson, Anchor screws, Ange, Ange surface, Behavioral paradigms, Betelak, Bone biology, Bone growth, Bone tissue, Branemark, Branemark zarb, Brous, Brous tissue, Brous tissue layer, Clinical dentistry, Delrin plug, Dental laboratory procedures, Dental lathe, Dentistry, Dentsply, Denture, Direct contact, Endosseous, Endosseous implant, External threads, Functional anchor points, Head implant, Head implant failures, Head implant integrity, Head implants, Healing period, Implant, Implantation, Impression material, Infectious organisms, Lamellar bone, Load duration, Macaque, Macaque skull, Model stone, Nemestrina, Neuronal, Neuronal recording, Neuroscience, Neuroscience methods, Nobel biocare, Non-human primate, Osseointegrated, Osseointegrated implants, Osseointegration, Osteogenic tissue, Pilot hole, Primate, Primate skull, Primates, Quintessence, Quintessence publishing, Recording chamber, Rudd, Skull, Skull impression, Skull stone, Skull surface, Skull-anchored implant, Soft tissue, Soft tissues, Stable head implants, Stereotaxic, Stereotaxic frame, Sterile saline, Surgical, Surgical preparation, Titanium, Titanium endosseous implants, Titanium implant, Titanium implants, Tjellstrom, Training period, Transverse cylinders, Xture, Xture holes, Xture site, Xtures, Zarb.
- Teeft :
- Abutment, Acrylic resin, Albrektsson, Anchor screws, Ange, Ange surface, Behavioral paradigms, Betelak, Bone growth, Bone tissue, Branemark, Branemark zarb, Brous, Brous tissue, Brous tissue layer, Clinical dentistry, Delrin plug, Dental laboratory procedures, Dental lathe, Dentistry, Dentsply, Denture, Direct contact, Endosseous, Endosseous implant, External threads, Functional anchor points, Head implant, Head implant failures, Head implant integrity, Head implants, Healing period, Implant, Implantation, Impression material, Infectious organisms, Lamellar bone, Load duration, Macaque, Macaque skull, Model stone, Nemestrina, Neuronal, Neuronal recording, Neuroscience, Neuroscience methods, Nobel biocare, Osseointegrated, Osseointegrated implants, Osseointegration, Osteogenic tissue, Pilot hole, Primate, Primate skull, Primates, Quintessence, Quintessence publishing, Recording chamber, Rudd, Skull, Skull impression, Skull stone, Skull surface, Soft tissue, Soft tissues, Stable head implants, Stereotaxic, Stereotaxic frame, Sterile saline, Surgical, Surgical preparation, Titanium, Titanium endosseous implants, Titanium implants, Tjellstrom, Training period, Transverse cylinders, Xture, Xture holes, Xture site, Xtures, Zarb.
Abstract
Abstract: Investigators that require the chronic implantation of hardware on the non-human primate skull are often challenged with the possible failure of head implants. To improve the success rate of our head implants, titanium anchor screws, referred to as titanium endosseous implants, were implanted in the skulls of six macaques. Techniques adapted from the processing of dentures were utilized to pre-fabricate an acrylic ‘skull cap’, which provided the mechanical support structure for our study-specific hardware. A two-stage procedure adapted from dentistry (Brånemark et al., 1977) was employed for the placement of titanium endosseous implants in the skull. This two-stage technique incorporates the principles of osseointegration and a healing period. Of the six skull-anchored implants prepared implementing the methods described in this paper, we have not experienced any failures. Additionally, all of the titanium endosseous implants examined post mortem were functionally successful (n=30). Histology results confirmed that there was healthy bone in direct contact with the titanium endosseous implants. The dense cortical bone of the macaque skull is ideal for the implantation of titanium endosseous implants. Titanium endosseous implants have provided secure, functional anchor points for the attachment of hardware to the macaque skull and have resulted in healthy, stable head implants that can remain on the skull for extended periods of time.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/S0165-0270(01)00442-3
Links to Exploration step
ISTEX:905F0F084F2793444EEE1B1D53ECEABC193AD839Le document en format XML
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cylinders</term><term>Xture</term><term>Xture holes</term><term>Xture site</term><term>Xtures</term><term>Zarb</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en"><term>Abutment</term><term>Acrylic resin</term><term>Albrektsson</term><term>Anchor screws</term><term>Ange</term><term>Ange surface</term><term>Behavioral paradigms</term><term>Betelak</term><term>Bone growth</term><term>Bone tissue</term><term>Branemark</term><term>Branemark zarb</term><term>Brous</term><term>Brous tissue</term><term>Brous tissue layer</term><term>Clinical dentistry</term><term>Delrin plug</term><term>Dental laboratory procedures</term><term>Dental lathe</term><term>Dentistry</term><term>Dentsply</term><term>Denture</term><term>Direct contact</term><term>Endosseous</term><term>Endosseous implant</term><term>External threads</term><term>Functional anchor points</term><term>Head implant</term><term>Head implant failures</term><term>Head implant integrity</term><term>Head implants</term><term>Healing period</term><term>Implant</term><term>Implantation</term><term>Impression material</term><term>Infectious organisms</term><term>Lamellar bone</term><term>Load duration</term><term>Macaque</term><term>Macaque skull</term><term>Model stone</term><term>Nemestrina</term><term>Neuronal</term><term>Neuronal recording</term><term>Neuroscience</term><term>Neuroscience methods</term><term>Nobel biocare</term><term>Osseointegrated</term><term>Osseointegrated implants</term><term>Osseointegration</term><term>Osteogenic tissue</term><term>Pilot hole</term><term>Primate</term><term>Primate skull</term><term>Primates</term><term>Quintessence</term><term>Quintessence publishing</term><term>Recording chamber</term><term>Rudd</term><term>Skull</term><term>Skull impression</term><term>Skull stone</term><term>Skull surface</term><term>Soft tissue</term><term>Soft tissues</term><term>Stable head implants</term><term>Stereotaxic</term><term>Stereotaxic frame</term><term>Sterile saline</term><term>Surgical</term><term>Surgical preparation</term><term>Titanium</term><term>Titanium endosseous implants</term><term>Titanium implants</term><term>Tjellstrom</term><term>Training period</term><term>Transverse cylinders</term><term>Xture</term><term>Xture holes</term><term>Xture site</term><term>Xtures</term><term>Zarb</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Abstract: Investigators that require the chronic implantation of hardware on the non-human primate skull are often challenged with the possible failure of head implants. To improve the success rate of our head implants, titanium anchor screws, referred to as titanium endosseous implants, were implanted in the skulls of six macaques. Techniques adapted from the processing of dentures were utilized to pre-fabricate an acrylic ‘skull cap’, which provided the mechanical support structure for our study-specific hardware. A two-stage procedure adapted from dentistry (Brånemark et al., 1977) was employed for the placement of titanium endosseous implants in the skull. This two-stage technique incorporates the principles of osseointegration and a healing period. Of the six skull-anchored implants prepared implementing the methods described in this paper, we have not experienced any failures. Additionally, all of the titanium endosseous implants examined post mortem were functionally successful (n=30). Histology results confirmed that there was healthy bone in direct contact with the titanium endosseous implants. The dense cortical bone of the macaque skull is ideal for the implantation of titanium endosseous implants. Titanium endosseous implants have provided secure, functional anchor points for the attachment of hardware to the macaque skull and have resulted in healthy, stable head implants that can remain on the skull for extended periods of time.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>elsevier</corpusName><keywords><teeft><json:string>xture</json:string><json:string>implant</json:string><json:string>ange</json:string><json:string>xtures</json:string><json:string>macaque</json:string><json:string>osseointegration</json:string><json:string>skull</json:string><json:string>endosseous</json:string><json:string>albrektsson</json:string><json:string>branemark</json:string><json:string>head implants</json:string><json:string>rudd</json:string><json:string>acrylic resin</json:string><json:string>recording chamber</json:string><json:string>abutment</json:string><json:string>neuroscience</json:string><json:string>healing period</json:string><json:string>betelak</json:string><json:string>neuroscience methods</json:string><json:string>skull stone</json:string><json:string>titanium endosseous implants</json:string><json:string>brous</json:string><json:string>stereotaxic</json:string><json:string>titanium</json:string><json:string>zarb</json:string><json:string>dentsply</json:string><json:string>bone tissue</json:string><json:string>implantation</json:string><json:string>surgical</json:string><json:string>quintessence publishing</json:string><json:string>quintessence</json:string><json:string>macaque skull</json:string><json:string>denture</json:string><json:string>osseointegrated</json:string><json:string>nemestrina</json:string><json:string>tjellstrom</json:string><json:string>skull surface</json:string><json:string>soft tissues</json:string><json:string>nobel biocare</json:string><json:string>direct contact</json:string><json:string>sterile saline</json:string><json:string>delrin plug</json:string><json:string>model stone</json:string><json:string>titanium implants</json:string><json:string>surgical preparation</json:string><json:string>primates</json:string><json:string>pilot hole</json:string><json:string>brous tissue</json:string><json:string>clinical dentistry</json:string><json:string>stereotaxic frame</json:string><json:string>branemark zarb</json:string><json:string>dentistry</json:string><json:string>primate</json:string><json:string>functional anchor points</json:string><json:string>head implant</json:string><json:string>dental laboratory procedures</json:string><json:string>neuronal recording</json:string><json:string>dental lathe</json:string><json:string>impression material</json:string><json:string>soft tissue</json:string><json:string>brous tissue layer</json:string><json:string>primate skull</json:string><json:string>head implant integrity</json:string><json:string>neuronal</json:string><json:string>head implant failures</json:string><json:string>external threads</json:string><json:string>xture holes</json:string><json:string>ange surface</json:string><json:string>anchor screws</json:string><json:string>infectious organisms</json:string><json:string>training period</json:string><json:string>load duration</json:string><json:string>xture site</json:string><json:string>bone growth</json:string><json:string>lamellar bone</json:string><json:string>osseointegrated implants</json:string><json:string>osteogenic tissue</json:string><json:string>behavioral paradigms</json:string><json:string>endosseous implant</json:string><json:string>stable head implants</json:string><json:string>transverse cylinders</json:string><json:string>skull impression</json:string></teeft></keywords><author><json:item><name>K.F. Betelak</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202-5143, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>E.A. Margiotti</name><affiliations><json:string>School of Dentistry, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202-5143, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>M.E. Wohlford</name><affiliations><json:string>School of Dentistry, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202-5143, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>D.A. Suzuki</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202-5143, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Skull-anchored implant</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Endosseous implant</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Titanium implant</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Osseointegration</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Bone biology</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Non-human primate</value></json:item></subject><arkIstex>ark:/67375/6H6-BD1B27XV-D</arkIstex><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>Full-length article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>Abstract: Investigators that require the chronic implantation of hardware on the non-human primate skull are often challenged with the possible failure of head implants. To improve the success rate of our head implants, titanium anchor screws, referred to as titanium endosseous implants, were implanted in the skulls of six macaques. Techniques adapted from the processing of dentures were utilized to pre-fabricate an acrylic ‘skull cap’, which provided the mechanical support structure for our study-specific hardware. A two-stage procedure adapted from dentistry (Brånemark et al., 1977) was employed for the placement of titanium endosseous implants in the skull. This two-stage technique incorporates the principles of osseointegration and a healing period. Of the six skull-anchored implants prepared implementing the methods described in this paper, we have not experienced any failures. Additionally, all of the titanium endosseous implants examined post mortem were functionally successful (n=30). Histology results confirmed that there was healthy bone in direct contact with the titanium endosseous implants. The dense cortical bone of the macaque skull is ideal for the implantation of titanium endosseous implants. Titanium endosseous implants have provided secure, functional anchor points for the attachment of hardware to the macaque skull and have resulted in healthy, stable head implants that can remain on the skull for extended periods of time.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>9.544</score><pdfWordCount>7204</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>44909</pdfCharCount><pdfVersion>1.2</pdfVersion><pdfPageCount>12</pdfPageCount><pdfPageSize>552 x 752 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><abstractWordCount>212</abstractWordCount><abstractCharCount>1466</abstractCharCount><keywordCount>6</keywordCount></qualityIndicators><title>The use of titanium implants and prosthodontic techniques in the preparation of non-human primates for long-term neuronal recording studies</title><pmid><json:string>11640953</json:string></pmid><pii><json:string>S0165-0270(01)00442-3</json:string></pii><genre><json:string>research-article</json:string></genre><serie><title>Dental Laboratory Procedures Complete Dentures</title><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><volume>1</volume><pages><first>26</first><last>56</last></pages><editor><json:item><name>R.M. Morrow</name></json:item><json:item><name>K.D. Rudd</name></json:item><json:item><name>J.E. Rhoads</name></json:item></editor></serie><host><title>Journal of Neuroscience Methods</title><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><publicationDate>2001</publicationDate><issn><json:string>0165-0270</json:string></issn><pii><json:string>S0165-0270(00)X0092-1</json:string></pii><volume>112</volume><issue>1</issue><pages><first>9</first><last>20</last></pages><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre></host><namedEntities><unitex><date><json:string>2000</json:string><json:string>1/4-20</json:string><json:string>2001</json:string><json:string>1965</json:string><json:string>1/3-0.17</json:string></date><geogName></geogName><orgName><json:string>Handler Manufacturing Company Inc.</json:string><json:string>David Kopf Instruments</json:string><json:string>Medical Systems, Inc.</json:string><json:string>Sparta Surgical Corp.</json:string><json:string>Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine</json:string><json:string>Whip Mix Corporation</json:string><json:string>Waterpik Technologies</json:string><json:string>Dentsply International Inc.</json:string><json:string>Medical Systems</json:string><json:string>Baldor Electric Co.</json:string><json:string>DENTSPLY International Inc.</json:string><json:string>Indiana University</json:string><json:string>Buffalo Dental Manufacturing Co.</json:string><json:string>GC America Inc.</json:string><json:string>United States Public Health Service</json:string><json:string>Aseptico, Inc.</json:string><json:string>Whip Mix Corp.</json:string><json:string>Fort Collins, CO</json:string><json:string>GC America, Inc.</json:string><json:string>Heraeus-Kulzer Inc.</json:string><json:string>Handler Manufacturing Co.</json:string><json:string>Nobel Biocare USA, Inc.</json:string><json:string>NIH Grant EY09082</json:string></orgName><orgName_funder><json:string>NIH Grant EY09082</json:string></orgName_funder><orgName_provider></orgName_provider><persName><json:string>Elmo Street</json:string><json:string>Lawrence P. Garetto</json:string></persName><placeName><json:string>IN</json:string><json:string>York</json:string><json:string>Indianapolis</json:string><json:string>Louisville</json:string><json:string>KY</json:string><json:string>PA</json:string></placeName><ref_url></ref_url><ref_bibl><json:string>Tjellstrom, 1990</json:string><json:string>K.F. Betelak et al.</json:string><json:string>Zarb and Jansson, 1985a</json:string><json:string>Tjellstrom, 1989</json:string><json:string>Rudd et al., 1986a</json:string><json:string>Schatzker et al., 1975</json:string><json:string>Albrektsson et al. (1984)</json:string><json:string>Rudd and Morrow, 1986</json:string><json:string>Worthington, 1994</json:string><json:string>Branemark et al. (1969)</json:string><json:string>Tjellstrom et al., 1992</json:string><json:string>Garetto et al., 1995</json:string><json:string>Albrektsson et al., 1981</json:string><json:string>GC America Inc., 3737</json:string><json:string>Eriksson and Albrektsson (1983)</json:string><json:string>Young et al. (1979)</json:string><json:string>Branemark et al., 1977</json:string><json:string>Sparta Surgical Corporation, 2100</json:string><json:string>Albrektsson, 1985</json:string><json:string>Adell et al., 1985</json:string><json:string>Judge et al., 1980</json:string><json:string>Brunski et al. (1979)</json:string><json:string>Steinemann et al., 1986</json:string><json:string>Worthington, 1997</json:string><json:string>Waterpik Technologies Inc., 1730</json:string><json:string>Albrektsson, 1990</json:string><json:string>Branemark, 1985</json:string><json:string>Rudd et al., 1986c</json:string><json:string>David Kopf Instruments, 7324</json:string><json:string>Parr et al., 1999</json:string><json:string>Uhthoff, 1973</json:string><json:string>Zarb and Jansson, 1985b</json:string><json:string>NRC, 1998</json:string><json:string>Rudd et al., 1986b</json:string></ref_bibl><bibl></bibl></unitex></namedEntities><ark><json:string>ark:/67375/6H6-BD1B27XV-D</json:string></ark><categories><wos><json:string>1 - science</json:string><json:string>2 - neurosciences</json:string><json:string>2 - biochemical research methods</json:string></wos><scienceMetrix><json:string>1 - health sciences</json:string><json:string>2 - clinical medicine</json:string><json:string>3 - neurology & neurosurgery</json:string></scienceMetrix><scopus><json:string>1 - Life Sciences</json:string><json:string>2 - Neuroscience</json:string><json:string>3 - General Neuroscience</json:string></scopus><inist><json:string>1 - sciences appliquees, technologies et medecines</json:string><json:string>2 - sciences biologiques et medicales</json:string><json:string>3 - sciences medicales</json:string></inist></categories><publicationDate>2001</publicationDate><copyrightDate>2001</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1016/S0165-0270(01)00442-3</json:string></doi><id>905F0F084F2793444EEE1B1D53ECEABC193AD839</id><score>1</score><fulltext><json:item><extension>pdf</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/905F0F084F2793444EEE1B1D53ECEABC193AD839/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><extension>zip</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/905F0F084F2793444EEE1B1D53ECEABC193AD839/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/905F0F084F2793444EEE1B1D53ECEABC193AD839/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">The use of titanium implants and prosthodontic techniques in the preparation of non-human primates for long-term neuronal recording studies</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><availability><p>©2001 Elsevier Science B.V.</p></availability><date>2001</date></publicationStmt><notesStmt><note type="content">Fig. 1: Diagrammatic representation of a non-human primate (Macaca mulatta) supporting skull-anchored hardware. To prepare an animal for long-term studies, three phases were developed: Phase I, Phase II and Phase III. In Phase I, six to eight anchor screws (i.e. flange fixtures) were implanted in the skull and an impression of the skull was made. An acrylic resin skull cap was fabricated (Phase IIa) while the flange fixtures osseointegrated during the healing period. During Phase IIb, cover screws (not shown) were replaced with abutments. The fixture–abutment anchor points and a thin layer of acrylic resin permanently secured the skull cap to the skull (Phase IIb). A delrin plug was placed in the machined hole (Phase IIb) and later replaced with a recording chamber (Phase III).</note><note type="content">Fig. 2: Steps for Phase I, Implantation of Flange Fixtures. (A) Drill bits needed for preliminary site preparation: 3.0 mm fixed depth drill (Entific, #SEIB 042), 4.0 mm fixed depth drill (Entific, #SEIB 042), long shaft drill (Nobel Biocare, #25028), twist drill (Nobel Biocare, #25028), and guide drill (Nobel Biocare, #25028). (B) The fixture site hole was tapped using the 3.0 mm screw tap (Entific, #SEI 014, 4.0 mm screw tap shown). The connection-to-handpiece (Entific, #DIA 073) facilitated the tapping process. (C) The fixture mount (Entific, #EIB 029), the open-end wrench (Entific, #DIC 010), and the long screwdriver (Entific, #DIB 029) were attached to the flange fixture (Entific, #SEC 001) in preparation for placement in the skull. These instruments were also used to remove the fixture mount from the flange fixture after implantation. (D) Placement of the flange fixture in the prepared bone site. (E) A hex screwdriver (Entific, #DIB 097) was used to insert a cover screw (Entific, #SEC 005) in the implanted flange fixture. (F) In Phase IIb, the cover screws were replaced with abutments of assorted heights (Entific, # SEC 010, SEC 008, SEC 007). Drawings not to scale. Permission granted to use drawings, copyright Entific Medical Systems and Nobel Biocare.</note><note type="content">Fig. 3: Macroscopic examination of flange fixtures during Phase IIb surgery. (A) Bone growth into the flange fixture holes after a healing period of 118 days (Macaque Y, R4). (B) A flange fixture from the same animal (Macaque Y, R3), also indicating bone growth into the flange holes. This was of particular interest since this fixture was loose after implantation (Phase I surgery).</note><note type="content">Fig. 4: Cross-section of a titanium flange fixture and abutment in a non-human primate skull (Macaque P, R1). The head implant was stable and healthy at the time of euthanasia and carried a load for 28.7 months. Both photographs show a high quality load-bearing lamellar bone. (A) Bright-field microscopy (12.5×) shows bone in direct contact with the flange fixture; there was no evidence of fibrous tissue at the bone–fixture interface. The amount of bone in contact with the fixture was greater than 60%. Note, the pilot hole drilled during fixture site preparation was replaced with lamellar bone. Also, the thickness of the cortical bone was greater than 3.0 mm so the underlying dura was not damaged. (B) High magnification of a section of the same flange fixture. Area of magnification indicated by box in (A).</note><note type="content">Table 1: Data from six non-human primates surgically prepared for long-term neuronal recording</note></notesStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">The use of titanium implants and prosthodontic techniques in the preparation of non-human primates for long-term neuronal recording studies</title><author xml:id="author-0000"><persName><forename type="first">K.F.</forename><surname>Betelak</surname></persName><note type="correspondence"><p>Corresponding author. Tel./fax: +1-317-274-0435</p></note><affiliation>Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202-5143, USA</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0001"><persName><forename type="first">E.A.</forename><surname>Margiotti</surname></persName><affiliation>School of Dentistry, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202-5143, USA</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0002"><persName><forename type="first">M.E.</forename><surname>Wohlford</surname></persName><affiliation>School of Dentistry, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202-5143, USA</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0003"><persName><forename type="first">D.A.</forename><surname>Suzuki</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202-5143, USA</affiliation></author><idno type="istex">905F0F084F2793444EEE1B1D53ECEABC193AD839</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1016/S0165-0270(01)00442-3</idno><idno type="PII">S0165-0270(01)00442-3</idno></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Journal of Neuroscience Methods</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">NSM</title><idno type="pISSN">0165-0270</idno><idno type="PII">S0165-0270(00)X0092-1</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="2001"></date><biblScope unit="volume">112</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">1</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="9">9</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="20">20</biblScope></imprint></monogr></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>2001</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Investigators that require the chronic implantation of hardware on the non-human primate skull are often challenged with the possible failure of head implants. To improve the success rate of our head implants, titanium anchor screws, referred to as titanium endosseous implants, were implanted in the skulls of six macaques. Techniques adapted from the processing of dentures were utilized to pre-fabricate an acrylic ‘skull cap’, which provided the mechanical support structure for our study-specific hardware. A two-stage procedure adapted from dentistry (Brånemark et al., 1977) was employed for the placement of titanium endosseous implants in the skull. This two-stage technique incorporates the principles of osseointegration and a healing period. Of the six skull-anchored implants prepared implementing the methods described in this paper, we have not experienced any failures. Additionally, all of the titanium endosseous implants examined post mortem were functionally successful (n=30). Histology results confirmed that there was healthy bone in direct contact with the titanium endosseous implants. The dense cortical bone of the macaque skull is ideal for the implantation of titanium endosseous implants. Titanium endosseous implants have provided secure, functional anchor points for the attachment of hardware to the macaque skull and have resulted in healthy, stable head implants that can remain on the skull for extended periods of time.</p></abstract><textClass xml:lang="en"><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>Keywords</head><item><term>Skull-anchored implant</term></item><item><term>Endosseous implant</term></item><item><term>Titanium implant</term></item><item><term>Osseointegration</term></item><item><term>Bone biology</term></item><item><term>Non-human primate</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2001-07-13">Modified</change><change when="2001">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/905F0F084F2793444EEE1B1D53ECEABC193AD839/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Elsevier, elements deleted: ce:floats; body; tail"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:docType PUBLIC="-//ES//DTD journal article DTD version 4.5.2//EN//XML" URI="art452.dtd" name="istex:docType"><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr1" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr1"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr2" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr2"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr3" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr3"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr4" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr4"></istex:entity></istex:docType><istex:document><converted-article version="4.5.2" docsubtype="fla" xml:lang="en"><item-info><jid>NSM</jid><aid>3079</aid><ce:pii>S0165-0270(01)00442-3</ce:pii><ce:doi>10.1016/S0165-0270(01)00442-3</ce:doi><ce:copyright type="full-transfer" year="2001">Elsevier Science B.V.</ce:copyright></item-info><head><ce:title>The use of titanium implants and prosthodontic techniques in the preparation of non-human primates for long-term neuronal recording studies</ce:title><ce:author-group><ce:author><ce:given-name>K.F.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Betelak</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref><ce:cross-ref refid="COR1">*</ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>E.A.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Margiotti</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF2"><ce:sup>b</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>M.E.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Wohlford</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF2"><ce:sup>b</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>D.A.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Suzuki</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:affiliation id="AFF1"><ce:label>a</ce:label><ce:textfn>Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202-5143, USA</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF2"><ce:label>b</ce:label><ce:textfn>School of Dentistry, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202-5143, USA</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:correspondence id="COR1"><ce:label>*</ce:label><ce:text>Corresponding author. Tel./fax: +1-317-274-0435</ce:text></ce:correspondence></ce:author-group><ce:date-received day="24" month="1" year="2001"></ce:date-received><ce:date-revised day="13" month="7" year="2001"></ce:date-revised><ce:date-accepted day="13" month="7" year="2001"></ce:date-accepted><ce:abstract><ce:section-title>Abstract</ce:section-title><ce:abstract-sec><ce:simple-para>Investigators that require the chronic implantation of hardware on the non-human primate skull are often challenged with the possible failure of head implants. To improve the success rate of our head implants, titanium anchor screws, referred to as titanium endosseous implants, were implanted in the skulls of six macaques. Techniques adapted from the processing of dentures were utilized to pre-fabricate an acrylic ‘skull cap’, which provided the mechanical support structure for our study-specific hardware. A two-stage procedure adapted from dentistry (<ce:cross-ref refid="BIB7">Brånemark et al., 1977</ce:cross-ref>) was employed for the placement of titanium endosseous implants in the skull. This two-stage technique incorporates the principles of osseointegration and a healing period. Of the six skull-anchored implants prepared implementing the methods described in this paper, we have not experienced any failures. Additionally, all of the titanium endosseous implants examined post mortem were functionally successful (<ce:italic>n</ce:italic>=30). Histology results confirmed that there was healthy bone in direct contact with the titanium endosseous implants. The dense cortical bone of the macaque skull is ideal for the implantation of titanium endosseous implants. Titanium endosseous implants have provided secure, functional anchor points for the attachment of hardware to the macaque skull and have resulted in healthy, stable head implants that can remain on the skull for extended periods of time.</ce:simple-para></ce:abstract-sec></ce:abstract><ce:keywords class="keyword"><ce:section-title>Keywords</ce:section-title><ce:keyword><ce:text>Skull-anchored implant</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Endosseous implant</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Titanium implant</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Osseointegration</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Bone biology</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Non-human primate</ce:text></ce:keyword></ce:keywords></head></converted-article></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>The use of titanium implants and prosthodontic techniques in the preparation of non-human primates for long-term neuronal recording studies</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" lang="en" contentType="CDATA"><title>The use of titanium implants and prosthodontic techniques in the preparation of non-human primates for long-term neuronal recording studies</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">K.F.</namePart><namePart type="family">Betelak</namePart><affiliation>Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202-5143, USA</affiliation><description>Corresponding author. Tel./fax: +1-317-274-0435</description><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">E.A.</namePart><namePart type="family">Margiotti</namePart><affiliation>School of Dentistry, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202-5143, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">M.E.</namePart><namePart type="family">Wohlford</namePart><affiliation>School of Dentistry, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202-5143, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">D.A.</namePart><namePart type="family">Suzuki</namePart><affiliation>Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202-5143, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="research-article" displayLabel="Full-length article" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-1JC4F85T-7">research-article</genre><originInfo><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2001</dateIssued><dateModified encoding="w3cdtf">2001-07-13</dateModified><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2001</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm></language><abstract lang="en">Abstract: Investigators that require the chronic implantation of hardware on the non-human primate skull are often challenged with the possible failure of head implants. To improve the success rate of our head implants, titanium anchor screws, referred to as titanium endosseous implants, were implanted in the skulls of six macaques. Techniques adapted from the processing of dentures were utilized to pre-fabricate an acrylic ‘skull cap’, which provided the mechanical support structure for our study-specific hardware. A two-stage procedure adapted from dentistry (Brånemark et al., 1977) was employed for the placement of titanium endosseous implants in the skull. This two-stage technique incorporates the principles of osseointegration and a healing period. Of the six skull-anchored implants prepared implementing the methods described in this paper, we have not experienced any failures. Additionally, all of the titanium endosseous implants examined post mortem were functionally successful (n=30). Histology results confirmed that there was healthy bone in direct contact with the titanium endosseous implants. The dense cortical bone of the macaque skull is ideal for the implantation of titanium endosseous implants. Titanium endosseous implants have provided secure, functional anchor points for the attachment of hardware to the macaque skull and have resulted in healthy, stable head implants that can remain on the skull for extended periods of time.</abstract><note type="content">Fig. 1: Diagrammatic representation of a non-human primate (Macaca mulatta) supporting skull-anchored hardware. To prepare an animal for long-term studies, three phases were developed: Phase I, Phase II and Phase III. In Phase I, six to eight anchor screws (i.e. flange fixtures) were implanted in the skull and an impression of the skull was made. An acrylic resin skull cap was fabricated (Phase IIa) while the flange fixtures osseointegrated during the healing period. During Phase IIb, cover screws (not shown) were replaced with abutments. The fixture–abutment anchor points and a thin layer of acrylic resin permanently secured the skull cap to the skull (Phase IIb). A delrin plug was placed in the machined hole (Phase IIb) and later replaced with a recording chamber (Phase III).</note><note type="content">Fig. 2: Steps for Phase I, Implantation of Flange Fixtures. (A) Drill bits needed for preliminary site preparation: 3.0 mm fixed depth drill (Entific, #SEIB 042), 4.0 mm fixed depth drill (Entific, #SEIB 042), long shaft drill (Nobel Biocare, #25028), twist drill (Nobel Biocare, #25028), and guide drill (Nobel Biocare, #25028). (B) The fixture site hole was tapped using the 3.0 mm screw tap (Entific, #SEI 014, 4.0 mm screw tap shown). The connection-to-handpiece (Entific, #DIA 073) facilitated the tapping process. (C) The fixture mount (Entific, #EIB 029), the open-end wrench (Entific, #DIC 010), and the long screwdriver (Entific, #DIB 029) were attached to the flange fixture (Entific, #SEC 001) in preparation for placement in the skull. These instruments were also used to remove the fixture mount from the flange fixture after implantation. (D) Placement of the flange fixture in the prepared bone site. (E) A hex screwdriver (Entific, #DIB 097) was used to insert a cover screw (Entific, #SEC 005) in the implanted flange fixture. (F) In Phase IIb, the cover screws were replaced with abutments of assorted heights (Entific, # SEC 010, SEC 008, SEC 007). Drawings not to scale. Permission granted to use drawings, copyright Entific Medical Systems and Nobel Biocare.</note><note type="content">Fig. 3: Macroscopic examination of flange fixtures during Phase IIb surgery. (A) Bone growth into the flange fixture holes after a healing period of 118 days (Macaque Y, R4). (B) A flange fixture from the same animal (Macaque Y, R3), also indicating bone growth into the flange holes. This was of particular interest since this fixture was loose after implantation (Phase I surgery).</note><note type="content">Fig. 4: Cross-section of a titanium flange fixture and abutment in a non-human primate skull (Macaque P, R1). The head implant was stable and healthy at the time of euthanasia and carried a load for 28.7 months. Both photographs show a high quality load-bearing lamellar bone. (A) Bright-field microscopy (12.5×) shows bone in direct contact with the flange fixture; there was no evidence of fibrous tissue at the bone–fixture interface. The amount of bone in contact with the fixture was greater than 60%. Note, the pilot hole drilled during fixture site preparation was replaced with lamellar bone. Also, the thickness of the cortical bone was greater than 3.0 mm so the underlying dura was not damaged. (B) High magnification of a section of the same flange fixture. Area of magnification indicated by box in (A).</note><note type="content">Table 1: Data from six non-human primates surgically prepared for long-term neuronal recording</note><subject lang="en"><genre>Keywords</genre><topic>Skull-anchored implant</topic><topic>Endosseous implant</topic><topic>Titanium implant</topic><topic>Osseointegration</topic><topic>Bone biology</topic><topic>Non-human primate</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Journal of Neuroscience Methods</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>NSM</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-0GLKJH51-B">journal</genre><originInfo><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">20011115</dateIssued></originInfo><identifier type="ISSN">0165-0270</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0165-0270(00)X0092-1</identifier><part><date>20011115</date><detail type="volume"><number>112</number><caption>vol.</caption></detail><detail type="issue"><number>1</number><caption>no.</caption></detail><extent unit="issue-pages"><start>1</start><end>82</end></extent><extent unit="pages"><start>9</start><end>20</end></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">905F0F084F2793444EEE1B1D53ECEABC193AD839</identifier><identifier type="ark">ark:/67375/6H6-BD1B27XV-D</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1016/S0165-0270(01)00442-3</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0165-0270(01)00442-3</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">©2001 Elsevier Science B.V.</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://loaded-corpus.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://loaded-corpus.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XBH-HKKZVM7B-M">elsevier</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>Elsevier Science B.V., ©2001</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods><json:item><extension>json</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/json</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/905F0F084F2793444EEE1B1D53ECEABC193AD839/metadata/json</uri></json:item></metadata></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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