Persistently raised C‐reactive protein levels are associated with advanced periodontal disease
Identifieur interne : 002A36 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 002A35; suivant : 002A37Persistently raised C‐reactive protein levels are associated with advanced periodontal disease
Auteurs : Gerard J. Linden ; Kathy Mcclean ; Ian Young ; Alun Evans ; Frank KeeSource :
- Journal of Clinical Periodontology [ 0303-6979 ] ; 2008-09.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Acute phase proteins, Acute phase response, Authors journal compilation, Baseline, Blackwell munksgaard, Cardiovascular, Cardiovascular disease, Cardiovascular risk factors, Chronic periodontitis, Clin periodontol, Clinical chemistry, Clinical measurements, Clinical periodontology, Clinical pocket, Cohort study, Confounders, Coronary events, Coronary heart disease, Current smoking, Current study, Dental research, Endothelial function, England journal, Epidemiological studies, European males, Gingival margin, High level, High levels, High threshold, High threshold periodontitis, High value, Higher proportion, Homogenous group, Inclusion criteria, Logistic regression, Longitudinal study, Material conditions, Moderate increases, More teeth, Multivariate analysis, Munksgaard, Northern ireland, Other factors, Pack years, Past smoking, Pepys, Periodontal, Periodontal condition, Periodontal disease, Periodontal examination, Periodontal status, Periodontitis, Periodontitis patients, Periodontology, Possible confounders, Previous investigations, Prime study, Protein levels, Recent years, Risk factors, Slade, Socioeconomic status, Statin therapy, Systemic diseases, Systemic markers, Third molars, Threshold periodontitis, Time point, Time points, Tonetti, Tooth loss, Western european, World health organization.
- Teeft :
- Acute phase proteins, Acute phase response, Authors journal compilation, Baseline, Blackwell munksgaard, Cardiovascular, Cardiovascular disease, Cardiovascular risk factors, Chronic periodontitis, Clin periodontol, Clinical chemistry, Clinical measurements, Clinical periodontology, Clinical pocket, Cohort study, Confounders, Coronary events, Coronary heart disease, Current smoking, Current study, Dental research, Endothelial function, England journal, Epidemiological studies, European males, Gingival margin, High level, High levels, High threshold, High threshold periodontitis, High value, Higher proportion, Homogenous group, Inclusion criteria, Logistic regression, Longitudinal study, Material conditions, Moderate increases, More teeth, Multivariate analysis, Munksgaard, Northern ireland, Other factors, Pack years, Past smoking, Pepys, Periodontal, Periodontal condition, Periodontal disease, Periodontal examination, Periodontal status, Periodontitis, Periodontitis patients, Periodontology, Possible confounders, Previous investigations, Prime study, Protein levels, Recent years, Risk factors, Slade, Socioeconomic status, Statin therapy, Systemic diseases, Systemic markers, Third molars, Threshold periodontitis, Time point, Time points, Tonetti, Tooth loss, Western european, World health organization.
Abstract
Objective: The aim was to investigate whether there was an association between periodontitis or tooth loss in a homogeneous group of 60–70‐year‐old Western European men and either a sustained high or low level of C‐reactive protein (CRP).
Url:
DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2008.01288.x
Links to Exploration step
ISTEX:560E9CB493925C5DD69922467C0AE6A9F6C79AD9Le document en format XML
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Linden</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Oral Science Research Centre, Queen's University, Belfast, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mcclean, Kathy" sort="Mcclean, Kathy" uniqKey="Mcclean K" first="Kathy" last="Mcclean">Kathy Mcclean</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Queen's University, Belfast, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Young, Ian" sort="Young, Ian" uniqKey="Young I" first="Ian" last="Young">Ian Young</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Queen's University, Belfast, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Evans, Alun" sort="Evans, Alun" uniqKey="Evans A" first="Alun" last="Evans">Alun Evans</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Queen's University, Belfast, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kee, Frank" sort="Kee, Frank" uniqKey="Kee F" first="Frank" last="Kee">Frank Kee</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Queen's University, Belfast, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:560E9CB493925C5DD69922467C0AE6A9F6C79AD9</idno><date when="2008" year="2008">2008</date><idno type="doi">10.1111/j.1600-051X.2008.01288.x</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/560E9CB493925C5DD69922467C0AE6A9F6C79AD9/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">002A36</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">002A36</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main">Persistently raised C‐reactive protein levels are associated with advanced periodontal disease</title><author><name sortKey="Linden, Gerard J" sort="Linden, Gerard J" uniqKey="Linden G" first="Gerard J." last="Linden">Gerard J. 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Linden</name><affiliations><json:string>Oral Science Research Centre, Queen's University, Belfast, UK</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Kathy McClean</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Queen's University, Belfast, UK</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Ian Young</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Queen's University, Belfast, UK</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Alun Evans</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Queen's University, Belfast, UK</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Frank Kee</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Queen's University, Belfast, UK</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>BMI</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>CRP</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>periodontitis</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>smoking</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>tooth loss</value></json:item></subject><articleId><json:string>JCPE1288</json:string></articleId><arkIstex>ark:/67375/WNG-CS7LK1FV-S</arkIstex><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>Objective: The aim was to investigate whether there was an association between periodontitis or tooth loss in a homogeneous group of 60–70‐year‐old Western European men and either a sustained high or low level of C‐reactive protein (CRP).</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>7.444</score><pdfWordCount>5298</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>33647</pdfCharCount><pdfVersion>1.3</pdfVersion><pdfPageCount>7</pdfPageCount><pdfPageSize>595.276 x 782.362 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><abstractWordCount>37</abstractWordCount><abstractCharCount>238</abstractCharCount><keywordCount>5</keywordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Persistently raised C‐reactive protein levels are associated with advanced periodontal disease</title><pmid><json:string>18647204</json:string></pmid><genre><json:string>article</json:string></genre><host><title>Journal of Clinical Periodontology</title><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><doi><json:string>10.1111/(ISSN)1600-051X</json:string></doi><issn><json:string>0303-6979</json:string></issn><eissn><json:string>1600-051X</json:string></eissn><publisherId><json:string>JCPE</json:string></publisherId><volume>35</volume><issue>9</issue><pages><first>741</first><last>747</last><total>7</total></pages><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre></host><namedEntities><unitex><date><json:string>2745</json:string><json:string>2001</json:string><json:string>2006</json:string><json:string>1400</json:string><json:string>1990</json:string><json:string>2008</json:string><json:string>2010</json:string></date><geogName></geogName><orgName><json:string>Department of Epidemiology and Public Health</json:string><json:string>Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Milan, Italy</json:string><json:string>UK Linden GJ</json:string><json:string>Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine, Queen</json:string><json:string>World Health Organization</json:string></orgName><orgName_funder></orgName_funder><orgName_provider></orgName_provider><persName><json:string>Finland</json:string><json:string>Ian Young</json:string><json:string>Federation</json:string><json:string>Kathy McClean</json:string><json:string>Frank Kee</json:string></persName><placeName><json:string>United States</json:string><json:string>UK</json:string><json:string>Belfast</json:string><json:string>Ireland</json:string></placeName><ref_url></ref_url><ref_bibl><json:string>Tomar & Asma 2000</json:string><json:string>Yarnell 1998</json:string><json:string>Briggs et al. 2006</json:string><json:string>Pitiphat et al. 2008</json:string><json:string>Danesh et al. 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(1986)</json:string><json:string>Pearson et al. 2003</json:string><json:string>Ledue & Rifai 2003</json:string><json:string>Danesh et al. 2004</json:string><json:string>Slade et al. 2000</json:string><json:string>Ridker et al. 2000</json:string><json:string>Tonetti et al. 2007</json:string><json:string>Aiuto et al. 2004</json:string><json:string>Linden et al.</json:string><json:string>Paraskevas et al. 2008</json:string><json:string>Ridker et al. 2005</json:string><json:string>Machtei et al. 1997, 1999</json:string><json:string>Slade et al. 2000, 2003</json:string><json:string>Libby 2002</json:string><json:string>Medzhitov 2007</json:string><json:string>Mullally & Linden 1992</json:string><json:string>Noack et al. 2001</json:string><json:string>Ylostalo et al. 2008</json:string><json:string>Hyman et al. 2002</json:string><json:string>Slade et al. (2003)</json:string><json:string>Yudkin et al. 2000</json:string><json:string>Slade et al. 2003</json:string><json:string>Lindhe et al. 1983, 1989</json:string><json:string>Akira & Takeda 2004</json:string><json:string>Visser et al. 1999</json:string><json:string>Linden et al. 2007</json:string><json:string>Pepys et al. 2006</json:string></ref_bibl><bibl></bibl></unitex></namedEntities><ark><json:string>ark:/67375/WNG-CS7LK1FV-S</json:string></ark><categories><wos><json:string>1 - science</json:string><json:string>2 - dentistry, oral surgery & medicine</json:string></wos><scienceMetrix><json:string>1 - health sciences</json:string><json:string>2 - clinical medicine</json:string><json:string>3 - dentistry</json:string></scienceMetrix><scopus><json:string>1 - Health Sciences</json:string><json:string>2 - Dentistry</json:string><json:string>3 - Periodontics</json:string></scopus></categories><publicationDate>2008</publicationDate><copyrightDate>2008</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1111/j.1600-051X.2008.01288.x</json:string></doi><id>560E9CB493925C5DD69922467C0AE6A9F6C79AD9</id><score>1</score><fulltext><json:item><extension>pdf</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/560E9CB493925C5DD69922467C0AE6A9F6C79AD9/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><extension>zip</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/560E9CB493925C5DD69922467C0AE6A9F6C79AD9/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/560E9CB493925C5DD69922467C0AE6A9F6C79AD9/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main">Persistently raised C‐reactive protein levels are associated with advanced periodontal disease</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace><availability><licence>© 2008 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2008 Blackwell Munksgaard</licence></availability><date type="published" when="2008-09"></date></publicationStmt><notesStmt><note type="content-type" subtype="article" source="article" scheme="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-6N5SZHKN-D">article</note><note type="publication-type" subtype="journal" scheme="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-0GLKJH51-B">journal</note></notesStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="article"><analytic><title level="a" type="main">Persistently raised C‐reactive protein levels are associated with advanced periodontal disease</title><title level="a" type="short">CRP and periodontitis</title><author xml:id="author-0000"><persName><forename type="first">Gerard J.</forename><surname>Linden</surname></persName><affiliation>Oral Science Research Centre, Queen's University, Belfast, UK</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0001"><persName><forename type="first">Kathy</forename><surname>McClean</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Queen's University, Belfast, UK<address><country key="GB"></country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0002"><persName><forename type="first">Ian</forename><surname>Young</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Queen's University, Belfast, UK<address><country key="GB"></country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0003"><persName><forename type="first">Alun</forename><surname>Evans</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Queen's University, Belfast, UK<address><country key="GB"></country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0004"><persName><forename type="first">Frank</forename><surname>Kee</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Queen's University, Belfast, UK<address><country key="GB"></country></address></affiliation></author><idno type="istex">560E9CB493925C5DD69922467C0AE6A9F6C79AD9</idno><idno type="ark">ark:/67375/WNG-CS7LK1FV-S</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/j.1600-051X.2008.01288.x</idno><idno type="unit">JCPE1288</idno><idno type="supplier">1288</idno><idno type="toTypesetVersion">file:JCPE.JCPE1288.pdf</idno></analytic><monogr><title level="j" type="main">Journal of Clinical Periodontology</title><title level="j" type="alt">JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY</title><idno type="pISSN">0303-6979</idno><idno type="eISSN">1600-051X</idno><idno type="book-DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1600-051X</idno><idno type="book-part-DOI">10.1111/cpe.2008.35.issue-9</idno><idno type="product">JCPE</idno><idno type="publisherDivision">ST</idno><imprint><biblScope unit="vol">35</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">9</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="741">741</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="747">747</biblScope><biblScope unit="page-count">7</biblScope><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2008-09"></date></imprint></monogr></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><abstract xml:lang="en" style="main"><head>Abstract</head><p><hi rend="bold">Objective: </hi> The aim was to investigate whether there was an association between periodontitis or tooth loss in a homogeneous group of 60–70‐year‐old Western European men and either a sustained high or low level of C‐reactive protein (CRP).</p><p><hi rend="bold">Material and Methods: </hi> Men enrolled in a cohort study of cardiovascular disease in Northern Ireland were screened in 1990–1994 and rescreened in 2001–2004, when a periodontal examination was completed. High‐sensitivity CRP was measured from fasting blood samples. There were 806 men with six or more teeth who had either a high level (>3 mg/l) or a lower level of CRP at both time points. Multivariate analysis was carried out using logistic regression with adjustment for possible confounders. Models were constructed with the CRP level as the outcome variable and various measures of periodontal status (low and high threshold periodontitis) or tooth loss as predictor variables. Confounders included in the analysis were known cardiovascular risk factors of age, smoking, diabetes, BMI and socioeconomic status.</p><p><hi rend="bold">Results: </hi> There were 67 men who had a high value of CRP (>3 mg/l) and 739 men who had a CRP value <graphic url="les.gif" rend="leqslant R: less-than-or-eq, slant"></graphic>3 mg/l at both time points. The unadjusted odds ratio (OR) for advanced periodontitis to be associated with high CRP was 3.62, <hi rend="italic">p</hi>=0.0003. The association was somewhat attenuated but remained significant (OR=2.49, <hi rend="italic">p</hi>=0.02) after adjustment for confounders. A high level of tooth loss was also associated with high CRP with an adjusted OR of 2.17, <hi rend="italic">p</hi>=0.008. Low threshold periodontitis was not associated with the level of CRP.</p><p><hi rend="bold">Conclusion: </hi> There was an association between advanced periodontitis and elevated CRP levels as measured at two time points at a 10‐year interval in the 60–70‐year‐old European males investigated. This association was adjusted for various cardiovascular risk factors. There was also an association between high levels of tooth loss and high CRP in the men studied.</p></abstract><textClass><keywords xml:lang="en"><term xml:id="k1">BMI</term><term xml:id="k2">CRP</term><term xml:id="k3">periodontitis</term><term xml:id="k4">smoking</term><term xml:id="k5">tooth loss</term></keywords><keywords rend="tocHeading1"><term>Periodontal Diseases</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en"></language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/560E9CB493925C5DD69922467C0AE6A9F6C79AD9/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component version="2.0" type="serialArticle" xml:lang="en"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><publisherInfo><publisherName>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisherName><publisherLoc>Oxford, UK</publisherLoc></publisherInfo><doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1111/(ISSN)1600-051X</doi><issn type="print">0303-6979</issn><issn type="electronic">1600-051X</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="JCPE"></id><id type="publisherDivision" value="ST"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" sort="JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY">Journal of Clinical Periodontology</title></titleGroup></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="part" position="09009"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/cpe.2008.35.issue-9</doi><numberingGroup><numbering type="journalVolume" number="35">35</numbering><numbering type="journalIssue" number="9">9</numbering></numberingGroup><coverDate startDate="2008-09">September 2008</coverDate></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="unit" type="article" position="1" status="forIssue"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/j.1600-051X.2008.01288.x</doi><idGroup><id type="unit" value="JCPE1288"></id><id type="supplier" value="1288"></id></idGroup><countGroup><count type="pageTotal" number="7"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="tocHeading1">Periodontal Diseases</title></titleGroup><copyright>© 2008 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2008 Blackwell Munksgaard</copyright><eventGroup><event type="firstOnline" date="2008-07-21"></event><event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2008-08-13"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:BPG_TO_WML3G version:2.3.2 mode:FullText source:FullText result:FullText" date="2010-03-09"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WILEY_ML3G_TO_WILEY_ML3GV2 version:4.0.1" date="2014-03-19"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.1.7 mode:FullText,remove_FC" date="2014-10-23"></event></eventGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst" number="741">741</numbering><numbering type="pageLast" number="747">747</numbering></numberingGroup><correspondenceTo>Address:
<i>Gerard Linden</i>
<i>Oral Science Research Centre</i>
<i>School of Dentistry</i>
<i>Queen's University</i>
<i>Grosvenor Road, Belfast BT12 6BP Northern Ireland, UK</i>
E‐mail: <email normalForm="g.linden@qub.ac.uk">g.linden@qub.ac.uk</email></correspondenceTo><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:JCPE.JCPE1288.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><unparsedEditorialHistory>Accepted for publication 6 June 2008</unparsedEditorialHistory><countGroup><count type="figureTotal" number="0"></count><count type="tableTotal" number="2"></count><count type="formulaTotal" number="0"></count><count type="referenceTotal" number="42"></count><count type="wordTotal" number="7142"></count><count type="linksCrossRef" number="62"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="main">Persistently raised C‐reactive protein levels are associated with advanced periodontal disease</title><title type="shortAuthors">Linden et al.</title><title type="short">CRP and periodontitis</title></titleGroup><creators><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr1" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>Gerard J.</givenNames><familyName>Linden</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr2" affiliationRef="#a2"><personName><givenNames>Kathy</givenNames><familyName>McClean</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr3" affiliationRef="#a2"><personName><givenNames>Ian</givenNames><familyName>Young</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr4" affiliationRef="#a2"><personName><givenNames>Alun</givenNames><familyName>Evans</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr5" affiliationRef="#a2"><personName><givenNames>Frank</givenNames><familyName>Kee</familyName></personName></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation xml:id="a1"><unparsedAffiliation>Oral Science Research Centre, Queen's University, Belfast, UK</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a2" countryCode="GB"><unparsedAffiliation>Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Queen's University, Belfast, UK</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation></affiliationGroup><keywordGroup xml:lang="en"><keyword xml:id="k1">BMI</keyword><keyword xml:id="k2">CRP</keyword><keyword xml:id="k3">periodontitis</keyword><keyword xml:id="k4">smoking</keyword><keyword xml:id="k5">tooth loss</keyword></keywordGroup><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:lang="en"><!--
Linden GJ, McClean K, Young I, Evans A, Kee F. Persistently raised C-reactive protein levels are associated with advanced periodontal disease. J Clin Periodontol 2008; doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2008.01288.x.
--><title type="main">Abstract</title><p><b>Objective: </b> The aim was to investigate whether there was an association between periodontitis or tooth loss in a homogeneous group of 60–70‐year‐old Western European men and either a sustained high or low level of C‐reactive protein (CRP).</p><p><b>Material and Methods: </b> Men enrolled in a cohort study of cardiovascular disease in Northern Ireland were screened in 1990–1994 and rescreened in 2001–2004, when a periodontal examination was completed. High‐sensitivity CRP was measured from fasting blood samples. There were 806 men with six or more teeth who had either a high level (>3 mg/l) or a lower level of CRP at both time points. Multivariate analysis was carried out using logistic regression with adjustment for possible confounders. Models were constructed with the CRP level as the outcome variable and various measures of periodontal status (low and high threshold periodontitis) or tooth loss as predictor variables. Confounders included in the analysis were known cardiovascular risk factors of age, smoking, diabetes, BMI and socioeconomic status.</p><p><b>Results: </b> There were 67 men who had a high value of CRP (>3 mg/l) and 739 men who had a CRP value <inlineGraphic alt="leqslant R: less-than-or-eq, slant" extraInfo="nonStandardEntity" location="les.gif" href=""></inlineGraphic>3 mg/l at both time points. The unadjusted odds ratio (OR) for advanced periodontitis to be associated with high CRP was 3.62, <i>p</i>=0.0003. The association was somewhat attenuated but remained significant (OR=2.49, <i>p</i>=0.02) after adjustment for confounders. A high level of tooth loss was also associated with high CRP with an adjusted OR of 2.17, <i>p</i>=0.008. Low threshold periodontitis was not associated with the level of CRP.</p><p><b>Conclusion: </b> There was an association between advanced periodontitis and elevated CRP levels as measured at two time points at a 10‐year interval in the 60–70‐year‐old European males investigated. This association was adjusted for various cardiovascular risk factors. There was also an association between high levels of tooth loss and high CRP in the men studied.</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta><noteGroup><note xml:id="fn1" numbered="no"><p><b>Conflict of interest and source of funding statement</b>
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interests.
The study was supported by a grant from the Northern Ireland NHS Research and Development Fund (RRG 1.2).</p></note></noteGroup></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Persistently raised C‐reactive protein levels are associated with advanced periodontal disease</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated" lang="en"><title>CRP and periodontitis</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Persistently raised C‐reactive protein levels are associated with advanced periodontal disease</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Gerard J.</namePart><namePart type="family">Linden</namePart><affiliation>Oral Science Research Centre, Queen's University, Belfast, UK</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Kathy</namePart><namePart type="family">McClean</namePart><affiliation>Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Queen's University, Belfast, UK</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Ian</namePart><namePart type="family">Young</namePart><affiliation>Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Queen's University, Belfast, UK</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Alun</namePart><namePart type="family">Evans</namePart><affiliation>Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Queen's University, Belfast, UK</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Frank</namePart><namePart type="family">Kee</namePart><affiliation>Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Queen's University, Belfast, UK</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="article" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-6N5SZHKN-D">article</genre><originInfo><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">Oxford, UK</placeTerm></place><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2008-09</dateIssued><edition>Accepted for publication 6 June 2008</edition><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2008</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><extent unit="figures">0</extent><extent unit="tables">2</extent><extent unit="formulas">0</extent><extent unit="references">42</extent><extent unit="linksCrossRef">62</extent><extent unit="words">7142</extent></physicalDescription><abstract>Objective: The aim was to investigate whether there was an association between periodontitis or tooth loss in a homogeneous group of 60–70‐year‐old Western European men and either a sustained high or low level of C‐reactive protein (CRP).</abstract><abstract>Material and Methods: Men enrolled in a cohort study of cardiovascular disease in Northern Ireland were screened in 1990–1994 and rescreened in 2001–2004, when a periodontal examination was completed. High‐sensitivity CRP was measured from fasting blood samples. There were 806 men with six or more teeth who had either a high level (>3 mg/l) or a lower level of CRP at both time points. Multivariate analysis was carried out using logistic regression with adjustment for possible confounders. Models were constructed with the CRP level as the outcome variable and various measures of periodontal status (low and high threshold periodontitis) or tooth loss as predictor variables. Confounders included in the analysis were known cardiovascular risk factors of age, smoking, diabetes, BMI and socioeconomic status.</abstract><abstract>Results: There were 67 men who had a high value of CRP (>3 mg/l) and 739 men who had a CRP value 3 mg/l at both time points. The unadjusted odds ratio (OR) for advanced periodontitis to be associated with high CRP was 3.62, p=0.0003. The association was somewhat attenuated but remained significant (OR=2.49, p=0.02) after adjustment for confounders. A high level of tooth loss was also associated with high CRP with an adjusted OR of 2.17, p=0.008. Low threshold periodontitis was not associated with the level of CRP.</abstract><abstract>Conclusion: There was an association between advanced periodontitis and elevated CRP levels as measured at two time points at a 10‐year interval in the 60–70‐year‐old European males investigated. This association was adjusted for various cardiovascular risk factors. There was also an association between high levels of tooth loss and high CRP in the men studied.</abstract><subject lang="en"><genre>keywords</genre><topic>BMI</topic><topic>CRP</topic><topic>periodontitis</topic><topic>smoking</topic><topic>tooth loss</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Journal of Clinical Periodontology</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-0GLKJH51-B">journal</genre><identifier type="ISSN">0303-6979</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1600-051X</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1600-051X</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">JCPE</identifier><part><date>2008</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>35</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>9</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>741</start><end>747</end><total>7</total></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">560E9CB493925C5DD69922467C0AE6A9F6C79AD9</identifier><identifier type="ark">ark:/67375/WNG-CS7LK1FV-S</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/j.1600-051X.2008.01288.x</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">JCPE1288</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">© 2008 The Authors. 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