Surface contamination of dental implants assessed by gene expression analysis in a whole‐blood in vitro assay. A preliminary study
Identifieur interne : 002463 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 002462; suivant : 002464Surface contamination of dental implants assessed by gene expression analysis in a whole‐blood in vitro assay. A preliminary study
Auteurs : Sönke Harder ; Elgar S. Quabius ; Lars Ossenkop ; Christian Mehl ; Matthias KernSource :
- Journal of Clinical Periodontology [ 0303-6979 ] ; 2012-10.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adherent endotoxin, Assay, Bacterial endotoxin, Biomaterials, Biomedical materials research, Blood samples, Cdna, Cdna samples, Cdna synthesis, Clin periodontol, Clinical implant dentistry, Clinical periodontology, Complement deposition, Contaminant, Contamination, Cytokine, Dental implants, Detection limit, Early implant loss, Endotoxin, Endotoxin contamination, Endotoxin units, Expression levels, Gene, Gene expression, Gene expression analysis, Gene expression levels, Gorbet, Gorbet sefton, Heat treatment, Housekeeping genes, Immune responses, Implant, Implant material, Implant surfaces, Implant systems, Implants research, Innate immunity, International journal, John wiley sons, Maxillofacial implants, Maxillofacial surgery, Nature protocols, Negative control group, Negative control samples, Negative controls, Oligo primer, Orthopaedic research, Osseointegration, Periodontology, Positive controls, Preliminary study, Present study, Preshaw taylor, Primer pairs, Prosthetic dentistry, Protein expression, Protein levels, Pyrogen, Same donor, Sampling days, Sefton, Such contamination, Surface contaminants, Surface contamination, Test implants, Titanium, Titanium alloy, Titanium implant, Titanium implants, Titanium surfaces, Tlr9, Whole blood, Wide range, Zirconia, Zirconia implants.
- Teeft :
- Adherent endotoxin, Assay, Bacterial endotoxin, Biomaterials, Biomedical materials research, Blood samples, Cdna, Cdna samples, Cdna synthesis, Clin periodontol, Clinical implant dentistry, Clinical periodontology, Complement deposition, Contaminant, Contamination, Cytokine, Dental implants, Detection limit, Early implant loss, Endotoxin, Endotoxin contamination, Endotoxin units, Expression levels, Gene, Gene expression, Gene expression analysis, Gene expression levels, Gorbet, Gorbet sefton, Heat treatment, Housekeeping genes, Immune responses, Implant, Implant material, Implant surfaces, Implant systems, Implants research, Innate immunity, International journal, John wiley sons, Maxillofacial implants, Maxillofacial surgery, Nature protocols, Negative control group, Negative control samples, Negative controls, Oligo primer, Orthopaedic research, Osseointegration, Periodontology, Positive controls, Preliminary study, Present study, Preshaw taylor, Primer pairs, Prosthetic dentistry, Protein expression, Protein levels, Pyrogen, Same donor, Sampling days, Sefton, Such contamination, Surface contaminants, Surface contamination, Test implants, Titanium, Titanium alloy, Titanium implant, Titanium implants, Titanium surfaces, Tlr9, Whole blood, Wide range, Zirconia, Zirconia implants.
Abstract
We aimed at evaluating pyrogen contamination of dental implants made of titanium and zirconia by using gene expression analysis in a whole‐blood in vitro assay.
Url:
DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2012.01929.x
Links to Exploration step
ISTEX:4A86A93D6731DE02A209F72670D656FD35536B2BLe document en format XML
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Quabius</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Prosthodontics, Propaedeutics and Dental Materials, Christian‐Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Immunology, Christian‐Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ossenkop, Lars" sort="Ossenkop, Lars" uniqKey="Ossenkop L" first="Lars" last="Ossenkop">Lars Ossenkop</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Prosthodontics, Propaedeutics and Dental Materials, Christian‐Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mehl, Christian" sort="Mehl, Christian" uniqKey="Mehl C" first="Christian" last="Mehl">Christian Mehl</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Prosthodontics, Propaedeutics and Dental Materials, Christian‐Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kern, Matthias" sort="Kern, Matthias" uniqKey="Kern M" first="Matthias" last="Kern">Matthias Kern</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Prosthodontics, Propaedeutics and Dental Materials, Christian‐Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:4A86A93D6731DE02A209F72670D656FD35536B2B</idno><date when="2012" year="2012">2012</date><idno type="doi">10.1111/j.1600-051X.2012.01929.x</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/4A86A93D6731DE02A209F72670D656FD35536B2B/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">002463</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">002463</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main">Surface contamination of dental implants assessed by gene expression analysis in a whole‐blood in vitro assay. 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surfaces</term><term>Implant systems</term><term>Implants research</term><term>Innate immunity</term><term>International journal</term><term>John wiley sons</term><term>Maxillofacial implants</term><term>Maxillofacial surgery</term><term>Nature protocols</term><term>Negative control group</term><term>Negative control samples</term><term>Negative controls</term><term>Oligo primer</term><term>Orthopaedic research</term><term>Osseointegration</term><term>Periodontology</term><term>Positive controls</term><term>Preliminary study</term><term>Present study</term><term>Preshaw taylor</term><term>Primer pairs</term><term>Prosthetic dentistry</term><term>Protein expression</term><term>Protein levels</term><term>Pyrogen</term><term>Same donor</term><term>Sampling days</term><term>Sefton</term><term>Such contamination</term><term>Surface contaminants</term><term>Surface contamination</term><term>Test implants</term><term>Titanium</term><term>Titanium alloy</term><term>Titanium implant</term><term>Titanium implants</term><term>Titanium surfaces</term><term>Tlr9</term><term>Whole blood</term><term>Wide range</term><term>Zirconia</term><term>Zirconia implants</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en"><term>Adherent endotoxin</term><term>Assay</term><term>Bacterial endotoxin</term><term>Biomaterials</term><term>Biomedical materials research</term><term>Blood samples</term><term>Cdna</term><term>Cdna samples</term><term>Cdna synthesis</term><term>Clin periodontol</term><term>Clinical implant dentistry</term><term>Clinical periodontology</term><term>Complement deposition</term><term>Contaminant</term><term>Contamination</term><term>Cytokine</term><term>Dental implants</term><term>Detection limit</term><term>Early implant loss</term><term>Endotoxin</term><term>Endotoxin contamination</term><term>Endotoxin units</term><term>Expression levels</term><term>Gene</term><term>Gene expression</term><term>Gene expression analysis</term><term>Gene expression levels</term><term>Gorbet</term><term>Gorbet sefton</term><term>Heat treatment</term><term>Housekeeping genes</term><term>Immune responses</term><term>Implant</term><term>Implant material</term><term>Implant surfaces</term><term>Implant systems</term><term>Implants research</term><term>Innate immunity</term><term>International journal</term><term>John wiley sons</term><term>Maxillofacial implants</term><term>Maxillofacial surgery</term><term>Nature protocols</term><term>Negative control group</term><term>Negative control samples</term><term>Negative controls</term><term>Oligo primer</term><term>Orthopaedic research</term><term>Osseointegration</term><term>Periodontology</term><term>Positive controls</term><term>Preliminary study</term><term>Present study</term><term>Preshaw taylor</term><term>Primer pairs</term><term>Prosthetic dentistry</term><term>Protein expression</term><term>Protein levels</term><term>Pyrogen</term><term>Same donor</term><term>Sampling 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periodontology</json:string><json:string>implant material</json:string></teeft></keywords><author><json:item><name>Sönke Harder</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Prosthodontics, Propaedeutics and Dental Materials, Christian‐Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany</json:string><json:string>Address:E‐mail:</json:string><json:string>E-mail: sharder@proth.uni-kiel.de</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Elgar S. Quabius</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Prosthodontics, Propaedeutics and Dental Materials, Christian‐Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany</json:string><json:string>Department of Immunology, Christian‐Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Lars Ossenkop</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Prosthodontics, Propaedeutics and Dental Materials, Christian‐Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Christian Mehl</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Prosthodontics, Propaedeutics and Dental Materials, Christian‐Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Matthias Kern</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Prosthodontics, Propaedeutics and Dental Materials, Christian‐Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>cytokines</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>dental implants</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>gene expression</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>innate immunity</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>lipopolysaccharides</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>MAMPs</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>surface contamination</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>titanium</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>zirconia</value></json:item></subject><articleId><json:string>JCPE1929</json:string></articleId><arkIstex>ark:/67375/WNG-SNG4MPPZ-4</arkIstex><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>We aimed at evaluating pyrogen contamination of dental implants made of titanium and zirconia by using gene expression analysis in a whole‐blood in vitro assay.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>7.3</score><pdfWordCount>5244</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>34810</pdfCharCount><pdfVersion>1.7</pdfVersion><pdfPageCount>8</pdfPageCount><pdfPageSize>595.276 x 782.362 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><abstractWordCount>25</abstractWordCount><abstractCharCount>160</abstractCharCount><keywordCount>9</keywordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Surface contamination of dental implants assessed by gene expression analysis in a whole‐blood in vitro assay. A preliminary study</title><pmid><json:string>22862842</json:string></pmid><genre><json:string>article</json:string></genre><host><title>Journal of Clinical Periodontology</title><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><doi><json:string>10.1111/(ISSN)1600-051X</json:string></doi><issn><json:string>0303-6979</json:string></issn><eissn><json:string>1600-051X</json:string></eissn><publisherId><json:string>JCPE</json:string></publisherId><volume>39</volume><issue>10</issue><pages><first>987</first><last>994</last><total>8</total></pages><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre><subject><json:item><value>Original Article</value></json:item></subject></host><namedEntities><unitex><date><json:string>2012-09-06</json:string><json:string>18S</json:string></date><geogName></geogName><orgName><json:string>Department of Immunology</json:string><json:string>University Hospital Schleswig Holstein, Campus Kiel</json:string><json:string>Germany Harder S , Quabius ES , Ossenkop</json:string><json:string>Christian-Albrechts University</json:string><json:string>Department of Immunology, University Hospital Kiel</json:string><json:string>Switzerland and White-Sky</json:string></orgName><orgName_funder></orgName_funder><orgName_provider></orgName_provider><persName><json:string>Sacchi</json:string><json:string>John Wiley</json:string><json:string>ELISA Plasma</json:string><json:string>Hilke Clasen</json:string><json:string>Christian Mehl</json:string><json:string>Matthias Kern</json:string><json:string>Chomczynski</json:string><json:string>Lars Ossenkop</json:string></persName><placeName><json:string>Berlin</json:string><json:string>Germany</json:string><json:string>Kiel</json:string><json:string>Erlangen</json:string><json:string>Basel</json:string><json:string>France</json:string></placeName><ref_url></ref_url><ref_bibl><json:string>Kohal et al. 2004</json:string><json:string>Lu et al. 2005</json:string><json:string>Cannizzaro et al. 2010</json:string><json:string>Harder et al.</json:string><json:string>Pesskova et al. 2007</json:string><json:string>Walivaara et al. 1996</json:string><json:string>Chomczynski & Sacchi 2006</json:string><json:string>Chevalier et al. 2007</json:string><json:string>Simonis et al. 2010</json:string><json:string>Hargrove et al. 1991</json:string><json:string>Oliva et al. 2010</json:string><json:string>Harder et al. 2011</json:string><json:string>Stadlinger et al. 2010</json:string><json:string>Dennison et al. 1994</json:string><json:string>Linderback et al.</json:string><json:string>Milleret et al. 2011</json:string><json:string>Perala et al.</json:string><json:string>Franchi et al. 2007</json:string><json:string>Fischer et al. 2007</json:string><json:string>Cho et al. 2002</json:string><json:string>Gahlert et al. 2009</json:string><json:string>Nair et al. 1996</json:string><json:string>Gorbet & Sefton 2005</json:string><json:string>Cooper et al. 1998</json:string><json:string>Lekholm et al. 2006</json:string><json:string>Hasiwa et al. 2007</json:string><json:string>Koch et al. 2010</json:string><json:string>Ragab et al.</json:string><json:string>Sambrook et al. 2001</json:string><json:string>Nishiguchi et al. 1999</json:string><json:string>Mazzotti et al. 2007</json:string><json:string>Ragab et al. 1999</json:string><json:string>Masuda et al. 1998</json:string><json:string>Sambrook et al.</json:string><json:string>Gahlert et al. 2007</json:string><json:string>Gorbet et al. 1999</json:string><json:string>Nelson et al. 1997</json:string><json:string>Kinane et al. 2011</json:string><json:string>Nagasawa et al. 2007</json:string><json:string>Chevalier et al.</json:string><json:string>Soskolne et al. 2002</json:string><json:string>Perala et al. 1992</json:string><json:string>Linderback et al. 2010</json:string><json:string>Brunette et al. 2001</json:string><json:string>Nolan et al. 2006</json:string></ref_bibl><bibl></bibl></unitex></namedEntities><ark><json:string>ark:/67375/WNG-SNG4MPPZ-4</json:string></ark><categories><wos><json:string>1 - 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A preliminary study</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>Wiley Publishing Ltd</publisher><availability><licence>© 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S</licence></availability><date type="published" when="2012-10"></date></publicationStmt><notesStmt><note type="content-type" subtype="article" source="article" scheme="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-6N5SZHKN-D">article</note><note type="publication-type" subtype="journal" scheme="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-0GLKJH51-B">journal</note></notesStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="article"><analytic><title level="a" type="main">Surface contamination of dental implants assessed by gene expression analysis in a whole‐blood in vitro assay. A preliminary study</title><author xml:id="author-0000" role="corresp"><persName><forename type="first">Sönke</forename><surname>Harder</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Department of Prosthodontics, Propaedeutics and Dental Materials</orgName><orgName>Christian‐Albrechts University</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Kiel</settlement><country key="DE">Germany</country></address></affiliation><note type="foot">both authors contributed equally.</note><affiliation>Address: Sönke Harder Department of Prosthodontics Propaedeutics and Dental Materials Christian‐Albrecht University of Kiel Arnold‐Heller Str. 16, 24105 Kiel Germany E‐mail: sharder@proth.uni-kiel.de</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0001"><persName><forename type="first">Elgar S.</forename><surname>Quabius</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Department of Prosthodontics, Propaedeutics and Dental Materials</orgName><orgName>Christian‐Albrechts University</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Kiel</settlement><country key="DE">Germany</country></address></affiliation><affiliation><orgName>Department of Immunology</orgName><orgName>Christian‐Albrechts University</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Kiel</settlement><country key="DE">Germany</country></address></affiliation><note type="foot">both authors contributed equally.</note></author><author xml:id="author-0002"><persName><forename type="first">Lars</forename><surname>Ossenkop</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Department of Prosthodontics, Propaedeutics and Dental Materials</orgName><orgName>Christian‐Albrechts University</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Kiel</settlement><country key="DE">Germany</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0003"><persName><forename type="first">Christian</forename><surname>Mehl</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Department of Prosthodontics, Propaedeutics and Dental Materials</orgName><orgName>Christian‐Albrechts University</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Kiel</settlement><country key="DE">Germany</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0004"><persName><forename type="first">Matthias</forename><surname>Kern</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Department of Prosthodontics, Propaedeutics and Dental Materials</orgName><orgName>Christian‐Albrechts University</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Kiel</settlement><country key="DE">Germany</country></address></affiliation></author><idno type="istex">4A86A93D6731DE02A209F72670D656FD35536B2B</idno><idno type="ark">ark:/67375/WNG-SNG4MPPZ-4</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/j.1600-051X.2012.01929.x</idno><idno type="unit">JCPE1929</idno><idno type="toTypesetVersion">file:JCPE.JCPE1929.pdf</idno></analytic><monogr><title level="j" type="main">Journal of Clinical Periodontology</title><title level="j" type="alt">JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY</title><idno type="pISSN">0303-6979</idno><idno type="eISSN">1600-051X</idno><idno type="book-DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1600-051X</idno><idno type="book-part-DOI">10.1111/jcpe.2012.39.issue-10</idno><idno type="product">JCPE</idno><imprint><biblScope unit="vol">39</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">10</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="987">987</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="994">994</biblScope><biblScope unit="page-count">8</biblScope><date type="published" when="2012-10"></date></imprint></monogr></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><abstract style="main" xml:id="jcpe1929-abs-0001"><head>Abstract</head>
Aim
<p>We aimed at evaluating pyrogen contamination of dental implants made of titanium and zirconia by using gene expression analysis in a whole‐blood in vitro assay.</p>
Material and Methods
<p>Titanium and zirconia implants (five each) were incubated in human whole blood. Samples were assayed for gene expression levels of toll‐like receptor 4 (<hi rend="fc">TLR</hi>4), <hi rend="fc">TLR</hi>9, interleukin (<hi rend="fc">IL</hi>)‐1β, nuclear factor ‘kappa‐light‐chain‐enhancer’ of activated B‐cells (<hi rend="fc">NF</hi>‐<hi rend="italic">k</hi>B), tumour necrosis factor (<hi rend="fc">TNF</hi>)‐α, and Fas‐associated protein with death domain (<hi rend="fc">FADD</hi>) as indicators of surface contamination resulting in lipopolysaccharides (<hi rend="fc">LPS</hi>)‐stimulated <hi rend="fc">TLR</hi>‐ or <hi rend="fc">TNF</hi>‐mediated immune responses. Gene expression was assayed using real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (<hi rend="fc">RT</hi>‐q<hi rend="fc">PCR</hi>). Non‐stimulated blood from the same donor served as a negative control, and blood stimulated with <hi rend="fc">LPS</hi> served as a positive control. After dry‐heat treatment with dry heat, all implants were re‐analysed as described above.</p>
Results
<p>Both implant systems contained surface contaminants evoking a pro‐inflammatory response similar to that induced by <hi rend="fc">LPS</hi>. After dry‐heat treatment, gene expression was significantly decreased to levels similar to those of negative control samples.</p>
Conclusions
<p>The results demonstrated <hi rend="fc">LPS</hi>‐like surface‐bound contaminants in both tested implant systems. Depyrogenation with dry heat seems to be an effective means of reducing such contamination in dental implants.</p></abstract><textClass><keywords><term xml:id="jcpe1929-kwd-0001">cytokines</term><term xml:id="jcpe1929-kwd-0002">dental implants</term><term xml:id="jcpe1929-kwd-0003">gene expression</term><term xml:id="jcpe1929-kwd-0004">innate immunity</term><term xml:id="jcpe1929-kwd-0005">lipopolysaccharides</term><term xml:id="jcpe1929-kwd-0006"><hi rend="fc">MAMP</hi>s</term><term xml:id="jcpe1929-kwd-0007">surface contamination</term><term xml:id="jcpe1929-kwd-0008">titanium</term><term xml:id="jcpe1929-kwd-0009">zirconia</term></keywords><keywords rend="articleCategory"><term>Original Article</term></keywords><keywords rend="tocHeading1"><term>Implant Therapy</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en"></language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/4A86A93D6731DE02A209F72670D656FD35536B2B/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component type="serialArticle" version="2.0" xml:id="jcpe1929" xml:lang="en"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1111/(ISSN)1600-051X</doi><issn type="print">0303-6979</issn><issn type="electronic">1600-051X</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="JCPE"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title sort="JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY" type="main">Journal of Clinical Periodontology</title><title type="short">J Clin Periodontol</title></titleGroup></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="part" position="100"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/jcpe.2012.39.issue-10</doi><copyright ownership="publisher">Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S</copyright><numberingGroup><numbering type="journalVolume" number="39">39</numbering><numbering type="journalIssue">10</numbering></numberingGroup><coverDate startDate="2012-10">October 2012</coverDate></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="unit" position="110" status="forIssue" type="article"><doi>10.1111/j.1600-051X.2012.01929.x</doi><idGroup><id type="unit" value="JCPE1929"></id></idGroup><countGroup><count number="8" type="pageTotal"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="articleCategory">Original Article</title><title type="tocHeading1">Implant Therapy</title></titleGroup><copyright ownership="publisher">© 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S</copyright><eventGroup><event date="2012-06-19" type="manuscriptAccepted"></event><event agent="SPS" date="2012-09-06" type="xmlCreated"></event><event type="publishedOnlineAccepted" date="2012-06-28"></event><event type="publishedOnlineEarlyUnpaginated" date="2012-08-02"></event><event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2012-09-06"></event><event type="firstOnline" date="2012-08-02"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WILEY_ML3G_TO_WILEY_ML3GV2 version:4.0.1" date="2014-03-19"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.3.4 mode:FullText" date="2015-02-25"></event></eventGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst">987</numbering><numbering type="pageLast">994</numbering></numberingGroup><correspondenceTo><lineatedText><line>Address:</line><line><i>Sönke Harder</i></line><line><i>Department of Prosthodontics</i></line><line><i>Propaedeutics and Dental Materials</i></line><line><i>Christian‐Albrecht University of Kiel</i></line><line><i>Arnold‐Heller Str. 16, 24105 Kiel</i></line><line><i>Germany</i></line><line>E‐mail: <email>sharder@proth.uni-kiel.de</email></line></lineatedText></correspondenceTo><selfCitationGroup><citation type="self" xml:id="jcpe1929-cit-1001"><author><familyName>Harder</familyName> <givenNames>S</givenNames></author>, <author><familyName>Quabius</familyName> <givenNames>ES</givenNames></author>, <author><familyName>Ossenkop</familyName> <givenNames>L</givenNames></author>, <author><familyName>Mehl</familyName> <givenNames>C</givenNames></author>, <author><familyName>Kern</familyName> <givenNames>M</givenNames></author>. <articleTitle>Surface contamination of dental implants assessed by gene expression analysis in a whole‐blood in vitro assay. A preliminary study</articleTitle>. <journalTitle>J Clin Periodontol</journalTitle> <pubYear year="2012">2012</pubYear>; <vol>00</vol>: <pageFirst>000</pageFirst>–<pageLast>000</pageLast>. doi: <accessionId ref="info:doi/10.1111/j.1600-051X.2012.01929.x">10.1111/j.1600‐051X.2012.01929.x</accessionId>.</citation></selfCitationGroup><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:JCPE.JCPE1929.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><titleGroup><title type="main">Surface contamination of dental implants assessed by gene expression analysis in a whole‐blood in vitro assay. A preliminary study</title><title type="shortAuthors">Harder <i>et al</i>.</title></titleGroup><creators><creator affiliationRef="#jcpe1929-aff-0001" corresponding="yes" creatorRole="author" noteRef="#jcpe1929-note-0004" xml:id="jcpe1929-cr-0001"><personName><givenNames>Sönke</givenNames> <familyName>Harder</familyName></personName></creator><creator affiliationRef="#jcpe1929-aff-0001 #jcpe1929-aff-0002" creatorRole="author" noteRef="#jcpe1929-note-0004" xml:id="jcpe1929-cr-0002"><personName><givenNames>Elgar S.</givenNames> <familyName>Quabius</familyName></personName></creator><creator affiliationRef="#jcpe1929-aff-0001" creatorRole="author" xml:id="jcpe1929-cr-0003"><personName><givenNames>Lars</givenNames> <familyName>Ossenkop</familyName></personName></creator><creator affiliationRef="#jcpe1929-aff-0001" creatorRole="author" xml:id="jcpe1929-cr-0004"><personName><givenNames>Christian</givenNames> <familyName>Mehl</familyName></personName></creator><creator affiliationRef="#jcpe1929-aff-0001" creatorRole="author" xml:id="jcpe1929-cr-0005"><personName><givenNames>Matthias</givenNames> <familyName>Kern</familyName></personName></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation countryCode="DE" type="organization" xml:id="jcpe1929-aff-0001"><orgDiv>Department of Prosthodontics, Propaedeutics and Dental Materials</orgDiv> <orgName>Christian‐Albrechts University</orgName> <address><city>Kiel</city> <country>Germany</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="DE" type="organization" xml:id="jcpe1929-aff-0002"><orgDiv>Department of Immunology</orgDiv> <orgName>Christian‐Albrechts University</orgName> <address><city>Kiel</city> <country>Germany</country></address></affiliation></affiliationGroup><keywordGroup type="author"><keyword xml:id="jcpe1929-kwd-0001">cytokines</keyword><keyword xml:id="jcpe1929-kwd-0002">dental implants</keyword><keyword xml:id="jcpe1929-kwd-0003">gene expression</keyword><keyword xml:id="jcpe1929-kwd-0004">innate immunity</keyword><keyword xml:id="jcpe1929-kwd-0005">lipopolysaccharides</keyword><keyword xml:id="jcpe1929-kwd-0006"><fc>MAMP</fc>s</keyword><keyword xml:id="jcpe1929-kwd-0007">surface contamination</keyword><keyword xml:id="jcpe1929-kwd-0008">titanium</keyword><keyword xml:id="jcpe1929-kwd-0009">zirconia</keyword></keywordGroup><fundingInfo><fundingAgency>German Society of Prosthodontics and Biomaterials</fundingAgency></fundingInfo><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:id="jcpe1929-abs-0001"><title type="main">Abstract</title><section xml:id="jcpe1929-sec-0001"><title type="main">Aim</title><p>We aimed at evaluating pyrogen contamination of dental implants made of titanium and zirconia by using gene expression analysis in a whole‐blood in vitro assay.</p></section><section xml:id="jcpe1929-sec-0002"><title type="main">Material and Methods</title><p>Titanium and zirconia implants (five each) were incubated in human whole blood. Samples were assayed for gene expression levels of toll‐like receptor 4 (<fc>TLR</fc>4), <fc>TLR</fc>9, interleukin (<fc>IL</fc>)‐1β, nuclear factor ‘kappa‐light‐chain‐enhancer’ of activated B‐cells (<fc>NF</fc>‐<i>k</i>B), tumour necrosis factor (<fc>TNF</fc>)‐α, and Fas‐associated protein with death domain (<fc>FADD</fc>) as indicators of surface contamination resulting in lipopolysaccharides (<fc>LPS</fc>)‐stimulated <fc>TLR</fc>‐ or <fc>TNF</fc>‐mediated immune responses. Gene expression was assayed using real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (<fc>RT</fc>‐q<fc>PCR</fc>). Non‐stimulated blood from the same donor served as a negative control, and blood stimulated with <fc>LPS</fc> served as a positive control. After dry‐heat treatment with dry heat, all implants were re‐analysed as described above.</p></section><section xml:id="jcpe1929-sec-0003"><title type="main">Results</title><p>Both implant systems contained surface contaminants evoking a pro‐inflammatory response similar to that induced by <fc>LPS</fc>. After dry‐heat treatment, gene expression was significantly decreased to levels similar to those of negative control samples.</p></section><section xml:id="jcpe1929-sec-0004"><title type="main">Conclusions</title><p>The results demonstrated <fc>LPS</fc>‐like surface‐bound contaminants in both tested implant systems. Depyrogenation with dry heat seems to be an effective means of reducing such contamination in dental implants.</p></section></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta><noteGroup xml:id="jcpe1929-ntgp-0001"><note numbered="no" xml:id="jcpe1929-note-0001"><p><b>Conflict of interest and source of funding statement</b></p></note><note numbered="no" xml:id="jcpe1929-note-0002"><p>This work was supported by a grant from the German Society of Prosthetic Dentistry and Biomaterials (DGPro).</p></note><note numbered="no" xml:id="jcpe1929-note-0003"><p>The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.</p></note><note xml:id="jcpe1929-note-0004"><p>both authors contributed equally.</p></note></noteGroup></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Surface contamination of dental implants assessed by gene expression analysis in a whole‐blood in vitro assay. A preliminary study</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Surface contamination of dental implants assessed by gene expression analysis in a whole‐blood in vitro assay. A preliminary study</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Sönke</namePart><namePart type="family">Harder</namePart><affiliation>Department of Prosthodontics, Propaedeutics and Dental Materials, Christian‐Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany</affiliation><description>both authors contributed equally.</description><affiliation>Address:E‐mail:</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: sharder@proth.uni-kiel.de</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Elgar S.</namePart><namePart type="family">Quabius</namePart><affiliation>Department of Prosthodontics, Propaedeutics and Dental Materials, Christian‐Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Immunology, Christian‐Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany</affiliation><description>both authors contributed equally.</description><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Lars</namePart><namePart type="family">Ossenkop</namePart><affiliation>Department of Prosthodontics, Propaedeutics and Dental Materials, Christian‐Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Christian</namePart><namePart type="family">Mehl</namePart><affiliation>Department of Prosthodontics, Propaedeutics and Dental Materials, Christian‐Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Matthias</namePart><namePart type="family">Kern</namePart><affiliation>Department of Prosthodontics, Propaedeutics and Dental Materials, Christian‐Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="article" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-6N5SZHKN-D">article</genre><originInfo><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2012-10</dateIssued><dateCreated encoding="w3cdtf">2012-09-06</dateCreated><dateValid encoding="w3cdtf">2012-06-19</dateValid><edition>Harder S, Quabius ES, Ossenkop L, Mehl C, Kern M. Surface contamination of dental implants assessed by gene expression analysis in a whole‐blood in vitro assay. A preliminary study. J Clin Periodontol 2012; 00: 000–000. doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐051X.2012.01929.x.</edition><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2012</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><abstract>We aimed at evaluating pyrogen contamination of dental implants made of titanium and zirconia by using gene expression analysis in a whole‐blood in vitro assay.</abstract><abstract>Titanium and zirconia implants (five each) were incubated in human whole blood. Samples were assayed for gene expression levels of toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4), TLR9, interleukin (IL)‐1β, nuclear factor ‘kappa‐light‐chain‐enhancer’ of activated B‐cells (NF‐kB), tumour necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, and Fas‐associated protein with death domain (FADD) as indicators of surface contamination resulting in lipopolysaccharides (LPS)‐stimulated TLR‐ or TNF‐mediated immune responses. Gene expression was assayed using real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR). Non‐stimulated blood from the same donor served as a negative control, and blood stimulated with LPS served as a positive control. After dry‐heat treatment with dry heat, all implants were re‐analysed as described above.</abstract><abstract>Both implant systems contained surface contaminants evoking a pro‐inflammatory response similar to that induced by LPS. After dry‐heat treatment, gene expression was significantly decreased to levels similar to those of negative control samples.</abstract><abstract>The results demonstrated LPS‐like surface‐bound contaminants in both tested implant systems. Depyrogenation with dry heat seems to be an effective means of reducing such contamination in dental implants.</abstract><note type="funding">German Society of Prosthodontics and Biomaterials</note><subject><genre>keywords</genre><topic>cytokines</topic><topic>dental implants</topic><topic>gene expression</topic><topic>innate immunity</topic><topic>lipopolysaccharides</topic><topic>MAMPs</topic><topic>surface contamination</topic><topic>titanium</topic><topic>zirconia</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Journal of Clinical Periodontology</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>J Clin Periodontol</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-0GLKJH51-B">journal</genre><subject><genre>article-category</genre><topic>Original Article</topic></subject><identifier type="ISSN">0303-6979</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1600-051X</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1600-051X</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">JCPE</identifier><part><date>2012</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>39</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>10</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>987</start><end>994</end><total>8</total></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">4A86A93D6731DE02A209F72670D656FD35536B2B</identifier><identifier type="ark">ark:/67375/WNG-SNG4MPPZ-4</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/j.1600-051X.2012.01929.x</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">JCPE1929</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S© 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://loaded-corpus.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://loaded-corpus.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XBH-L0C46X92-X">wiley</recordContentSource></recordInfo></mods><json:item><extension>json</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/json</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/4A86A93D6731DE02A209F72670D656FD35536B2B/metadata/json</uri></json:item></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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