A New Basal Hadrosauroid Dinosaur (Dinosauria: Ornithopoda) with Transitional Features from the Late Cretaceous of Henan Province, China
Identifieur interne : 000754 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 000753; suivant : 000755A New Basal Hadrosauroid Dinosaur (Dinosauria: Ornithopoda) with Transitional Features from the Late Cretaceous of Henan Province, China
Auteurs : Hai Xing [République populaire de Chine, Canada] ; Deyou Wang [République populaire de Chine] ; Fenglu Han [République populaire de Chine] ; Corwin Sullivan [République populaire de Chine] ; Qingyu Ma [Royaume-Uni] ; Yiming He [République populaire de Chine] ; David W. E. Hone [Royaume-Uni] ; Ronghao Yan [République populaire de Chine] ; Fuming Du [République populaire de Chine] ; Xing Xu [République populaire de Chine]Source :
- PLoS ONE [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2014.
Abstract
Southwestern Henan Province in central China contains many down-faulted basins, including the Xixia Basin where the Upper Cretaceous continental sediments are well exposed. The Majiacun Formation is a major dinosaur-bearing stratigraphic unit that occurs in this basin.
A new basal hadrosauroid dinosaur,
Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098821
PubMed: 24901454
PubMed Central: 4047018
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Sciences, Beijing</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sullivan, Corwin" sort="Sullivan, Corwin" uniqKey="Sullivan C" first="Corwin" last="Sullivan">Corwin Sullivan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ma, Qingyu" sort="Ma, Qingyu" uniqKey="Ma Q" first="Qingyu" last="Ma">Qingyu Ma</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff6"><addr-line>School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="He, Yiming" sort="He, Yiming" uniqKey="He Y" first="Yiming" last="He">Yiming He</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff5"><addr-line>Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hone, David W E" sort="Hone, David W E" uniqKey="Hone D" first="David W. E." last="Hone">David W. E. Hone</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff7"><addr-line>School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yan, Ronghao" sort="Yan, Ronghao" uniqKey="Yan R" first="Ronghao" last="Yan">Ronghao Yan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff8"><addr-line>Xixia Museum of Dinosaur Fossil Eggs of China, Xixia, Henan, China</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Xixia Museum of Dinosaur Fossil Eggs of China, Xixia, Henan</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Du, Fuming" sort="Du, Fuming" uniqKey="Du F" first="Fuming" last="Du">Fuming Du</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff8"><addr-line>Xixia Museum of Dinosaur Fossil Eggs of China, Xixia, Henan, China</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Xixia Museum of Dinosaur Fossil Eggs of China, Xixia, Henan</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Xu, Xing" sort="Xu, Xing" uniqKey="Xu X" first="Xing" last="Xu">Xing Xu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">24901454</idno><idno type="pmc">4047018</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4047018</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4047018</idno><idno type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0098821</idno><date when="2014">2014</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000754</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000754</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000754</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000754</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">A New Basal Hadrosauroid Dinosaur (Dinosauria: Ornithopoda) with Transitional Features from the Late Cretaceous of Henan Province, China</title><author><name sortKey="Xing, Hai" sort="Xing, Hai" uniqKey="Xing H" first="Hai" last="Xing">Hai Xing</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>College of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, China</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>College of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Paleobiology, Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Paleobiology, Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa, Ontario</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Deyou" sort="Wang, Deyou" uniqKey="Wang D" first="Deyou" last="Wang">Deyou Wang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4"><addr-line>Henan Academy of Land and Resources Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, China</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Henan Academy of Land and Resources Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Han, Fenglu" sort="Han, Fenglu" uniqKey="Han F" first="Fenglu" last="Han">Fenglu Han</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff5"><addr-line>Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sullivan, Corwin" sort="Sullivan, Corwin" uniqKey="Sullivan C" first="Corwin" last="Sullivan">Corwin Sullivan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ma, Qingyu" sort="Ma, Qingyu" uniqKey="Ma Q" first="Qingyu" last="Ma">Qingyu Ma</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff6"><addr-line>School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="He, Yiming" sort="He, Yiming" uniqKey="He Y" first="Yiming" last="He">Yiming He</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff5"><addr-line>Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hone, David W E" sort="Hone, David W E" uniqKey="Hone D" first="David W. E." last="Hone">David W. E. Hone</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff7"><addr-line>School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yan, Ronghao" sort="Yan, Ronghao" uniqKey="Yan R" first="Ronghao" last="Yan">Ronghao Yan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff8"><addr-line>Xixia Museum of Dinosaur Fossil Eggs of China, Xixia, Henan, China</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Xixia Museum of Dinosaur Fossil Eggs of China, Xixia, Henan</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Du, Fuming" sort="Du, Fuming" uniqKey="Du F" first="Fuming" last="Du">Fuming Du</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff8"><addr-line>Xixia Museum of Dinosaur Fossil Eggs of China, Xixia, Henan, China</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Xixia Museum of Dinosaur Fossil Eggs of China, Xixia, Henan</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Xu, Xing" sort="Xu, Xing" uniqKey="Xu X" first="Xing" last="Xu">Xing Xu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">PLoS ONE</title><idno type="eISSN">1932-6203</idno><imprint><date when="2014">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Southwestern Henan Province in central China contains many down-faulted basins, including the Xixia Basin where the Upper Cretaceous continental sediments are well exposed. The Majiacun Formation is a major dinosaur-bearing stratigraphic unit that occurs in this basin.</p></sec><sec><title>Methodology/Principal Findings</title><p>A new basal hadrosauroid dinosaur, <italic>Zhanghenglong yangchengensis</italic> gen. et sp. nov., is named based on newly collected specimens from the middle Santonian Majiacun Formation of Zhoujiagou Village, Xixia Basin. Two transitional features between basal hadrosauroids and hadrosaurids are attached to the diagnosis of the new taxon, namely five maxillary foramina consisting of four small scattered ones anteroposteriorly arranged in a row and a large one adjacent to the articular facet for the jugal, and dentary tooth crowns bearing both median and distally offset primary ridges. <italic>Zhanghenglong</italic> also displays a unique combination of plesiomorphic and derived features of hadrosauroids, and is clearly morphologically transitional between basal hadrosauroids and hadrosaurids. Furthermore, some measurement attributes in osteology are applied to the quantitative analysis of <italic>Zhanghenglong</italic>. For these attributes, the partition of the dataset on most hadrosauroid species resulting from model-based cluster analysis almost matches taxonomic separation between basal hadrosauroids and hadrosaurids. Data of <italic>Zhanghenglong</italic> on selected measurement attributes straddle the two combinations of intervals of partitioned datasets respectively related to basal hadrosauroids and hadrosaurids. This condition is similar to mosaic evolution of morphological characters present in the specimens of the taxon. The phylogenetic analysis of Hadrosauroidea recovers a clade composed of <italic>Zhanghenglong</italic>, <italic>Nanyangosaurus</italic>, and Hadrosauridae with an unresolved polytomy.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions/Significance</title><p><italic>Zhanghenglong</italic> is probably a relatively derived non-hadrosaurid hadrosauroid, based on the inferences made from the morphological comparisons, quantitative evaluation of measurements, and cladistic analysis. In combination with information on the stratigraphy, phylogeny and biogeography, the material of <italic>Zhanghenglong</italic> provides direct evidence for the hypothesis that hadrosaurids might have originated in Asia.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="You, H L" uniqKey="You H">H-L You</name></author><author><name sortKey="Luo, Z X" uniqKey="Luo Z">Z-X Luo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shubin, Nh" uniqKey="Shubin N">NH Shubin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Witmer, Lm" uniqKey="Witmer L">LM Witmer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tang, Z L" uniqKey="Tang Z">Z-L Tang</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Prieto Marquez, A" uniqKey="Prieto Marquez A">A Prieto-Márquez</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lull, Rs" uniqKey="Lull R">RS Lull</name></author><author><name 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">PLoS One</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">PLoS ONE</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">plos</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">plosone</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>PLoS ONE</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">1932-6203</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Public Library of Science</publisher-name><publisher-loc>San Francisco, USA</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">24901454</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4047018</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">PONE-D-13-47175</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0098821</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Anatomy</subject><subj-group><subject>Comparative Anatomy</subject></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group><subject>Biogeography</subject></subj-group><subj-group><subject>Evolutionary Biology</subject><subj-group><subject>Evolutionary Systematics</subject><subj-group><subject>Phylogenetics</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group><subject>Paleontology</subject><subj-group><subject>Paleobiology</subject><subj-group><subject>Paleozoology</subject><subj-group><subject>Vertebrate Paleontology</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group><subject>Taxonomy</subject><subj-group><subject>Animal Taxonomy</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>Earth Sciences</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>Ecology and Environmental Sciences</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>A New Basal Hadrosauroid Dinosaur (Dinosauria: Ornithopoda) with Transitional Features from the Late Cretaceous of Henan Province, China</article-title><alt-title alt-title-type="running-head">New Basal Hadrosauroid from China</alt-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Xing</surname><given-names>Hai</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>3</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"><sup>*</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Wang</surname><given-names>Deyou</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"><sup>4</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Han</surname><given-names>Fenglu</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"><sup>5</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sullivan</surname><given-names>Corwin</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ma</surname><given-names>Qingyu</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"><sup>6</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>He</surname><given-names>Yiming</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"><sup>5</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Hone</surname><given-names>David W. E.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7"><sup>7</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Yan</surname><given-names>Ronghao</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8"><sup>8</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Du</surname><given-names>Fuming</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8"><sup>8</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Xu</surname><given-names>Xing</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1"><label>1</label><addr-line>College of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, China</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff2"><label>2</label><addr-line>Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff3"><label>3</label><addr-line>Paleobiology, Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff4"><label>4</label><addr-line>Henan Academy of Land and Resources Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, China</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff5"><label>5</label><addr-line>Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff6"><label>6</label><addr-line>School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff7"><label>7</label><addr-line>School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff8"><label>8</label><addr-line>Xixia Museum of Dinosaur Fossil Eggs of China, Xixia, Henan, China</addr-line></aff><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="editor"><name><surname>Evans</surname><given-names>David C.</given-names></name><role>Editor</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="edit1"></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="edit1"><addr-line>Royal Ontario Museum, Canada</addr-line></aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor1">* E-mail: <email>xinghaiivpp@gmail.com</email></corresp><fn fn-type="conflict"><p><bold>Competing Interests: </bold>The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.</p></fn><fn fn-type="con"><p>Conceived and designed the experiments: DW XX HX. Performed the experiments: HX FH CS. Analyzed the data: HX DW FH CS. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: HX DW FH CS QM YH DWEH RY FD XX. Wrote the paper: HX DW.</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>5</day><month>6</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>6</issue><elocation-id>e98821</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>11</day><month>11</month><year>2013</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>5</day><month>5</month><year>2014</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><copyright-holder>Xing et al</copyright-holder><license><license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution License</ext-link>, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><sec><title>Background</title><p>Southwestern Henan Province in central China contains many down-faulted basins, including the Xixia Basin where the Upper Cretaceous continental sediments are well exposed. The Majiacun Formation is a major dinosaur-bearing stratigraphic unit that occurs in this basin.</p></sec><sec><title>Methodology/Principal Findings</title><p>A new basal hadrosauroid dinosaur, <italic>Zhanghenglong yangchengensis</italic> gen. et sp. nov., is named based on newly collected specimens from the middle Santonian Majiacun Formation of Zhoujiagou Village, Xixia Basin. Two transitional features between basal hadrosauroids and hadrosaurids are attached to the diagnosis of the new taxon, namely five maxillary foramina consisting of four small scattered ones anteroposteriorly arranged in a row and a large one adjacent to the articular facet for the jugal, and dentary tooth crowns bearing both median and distally offset primary ridges. <italic>Zhanghenglong</italic> also displays a unique combination of plesiomorphic and derived features of hadrosauroids, and is clearly morphologically transitional between basal hadrosauroids and hadrosaurids. Furthermore, some measurement attributes in osteology are applied to the quantitative analysis of <italic>Zhanghenglong</italic>. For these attributes, the partition of the dataset on most hadrosauroid species resulting from model-based cluster analysis almost matches taxonomic separation between basal hadrosauroids and hadrosaurids. Data of <italic>Zhanghenglong</italic> on selected measurement attributes straddle the two combinations of intervals of partitioned datasets respectively related to basal hadrosauroids and hadrosaurids. This condition is similar to mosaic evolution of morphological characters present in the specimens of the taxon. The phylogenetic analysis of Hadrosauroidea recovers a clade composed of <italic>Zhanghenglong</italic>, <italic>Nanyangosaurus</italic>, and Hadrosauridae with an unresolved polytomy.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions/Significance</title><p><italic>Zhanghenglong</italic> is probably a relatively derived non-hadrosaurid hadrosauroid, based on the inferences made from the morphological comparisons, quantitative evaluation of measurements, and cladistic analysis. In combination with information on the stratigraphy, phylogeny and biogeography, the material of <italic>Zhanghenglong</italic> provides direct evidence for the hypothesis that hadrosaurids might have originated in Asia.</p></sec></abstract><funding-group><funding-statement>This work was funded by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41120124002 and 41172037), the Graduate School of China University of Geosciences at Beijing (201225-B3001120058), the China Scholarship Council (20133009-201306400032), and the Department of Land and Resources of Henan Province. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.</funding-statement></funding-group><counts><page-count count="23"></page-count></counts></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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