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An Ex Vivo Model in Human Femoral Heads for Histopathological Study and Resonance Frequency Analysis of Dental Implant Primary Stability

Identifieur interne : 000465 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 000464; suivant : 000466

An Ex Vivo Model in Human Femoral Heads for Histopathological Study and Resonance Frequency Analysis of Dental Implant Primary Stability

Auteurs : Pedro Hernández-Cortés [Espagne] ; Alberto Monje [États-Unis] ; Pablo Galindo-Moreno [Espagne] ; Andrés Catena [Espagne] ; Inmaculada Ortega-Oller [Espagne] ; José Salas-Pérez [Espagne] ; Francisco Mesa [Espagne] ; Rafael G Mez-Sánchez [Espagne] ; Mariano Aguilar [Espagne] ; David Aguilar [Espagne] ; Francisco O'Valle [Espagne]

Source :

RBID : PMC:4065718

Abstract

Objective. This study was designed to explore relationships of resonance frequency analysis (RFA)—assessed implant stability (ISQ values) with bone morphometric parameters and bone quality in an ex vivo model of dental implants placed in human femoral heads and to evaluate the usefulness of this model for dental implant studies. Material and Methods. This ex vivo study included femoral heads from 17 patients undergoing surgery for femoral neck fracture due to osteoporosis (OP) (n = 7) or for total prosthesis joint replacement due to severe hip osteoarthrosis (OA) (n = 10). Sixty 4.5 × 13 mm Dentsply Astra implants were placed, followed by RFA. CD44 immunohistochemical analysis for osteocytes was also carried out. Results. As expected, the analysis yielded significant effects of femoral head type (OA versus OA) (P < 0.001), but not of the implants (P = 0.455) or of the interaction of the two factors (P = 0.848). Bonferroni post hoc comparisons showed a lower mean ISQ for implants in decalcified (50.33 ± 2.92) heads than in fresh (66.93 ± 1.10) or fixated (70.77 ± 1.32) heads (both P < 0.001). The ISQ score (fresh) was significantly higher for those in OA (73.52 ± 1.92) versus OP (67.13 ± 1.09) heads. However, mixed linear analysis showed no significant association between ISQ scores and morphologic or histomorphometric results (P > 0.5 in all cases), and no significant differences in ISQ values were found as a function of the length or area of the cortical layer (both P > 0.08). Conclusion. Although RFA-determined ISQ values are not correlated with morphometric parameters, they can discriminate bone quality (OP versus OA). This ex vivo model is useful for dental implant studies.


Url:
DOI: 10.1155/2014/535929
PubMed: 24995307
PubMed Central: 4065718

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PMC:4065718

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<name sortKey="Hernandez Cortes, Pedro" sort="Hernandez Cortes, Pedro" uniqKey="Hernandez Cortes P" first="Pedro" last="Hernández-Cortés">Pedro Hernández-Cortés</name>
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<name sortKey="Catena, Andres" sort="Catena, Andres" uniqKey="Catena A" first="Andrés" last="Catena">Andrés Catena</name>
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<nlm:aff id="I4">Department of Experimental Psychology, School of Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain</nlm:aff>
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<name sortKey="Ortega Oller, Inmaculada" sort="Ortega Oller, Inmaculada" uniqKey="Ortega Oller I" first="Inmaculada" last="Ortega-Oller">Inmaculada Ortega-Oller</name>
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<name sortKey="Salas Perez, Jose" sort="Salas Perez, Jose" uniqKey="Salas Perez J" first="José" last="Salas-Pérez">José Salas-Pérez</name>
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<name sortKey="Mesa, Francisco" sort="Mesa, Francisco" uniqKey="Mesa F" first="Francisco" last="Mesa">Francisco Mesa</name>
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<nlm:aff id="I5">Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain</nlm:aff>
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<name sortKey="G Mez Sanchez, Rafael" sort="G Mez Sanchez, Rafael" uniqKey="G Mez Sanchez R" first="Rafael" last="G Mez-Sánchez">Rafael G Mez-Sánchez</name>
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<nlm:aff id="I1">Department of Traumatology and Orthopedic Surgery, “San Cecilio” Clinical Hospital, University of Granada, Spain</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Traumatology and Orthopedic Surgery, “San Cecilio” Clinical Hospital, University of Granada</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
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<name sortKey="Aguilar, Mariano" sort="Aguilar, Mariano" uniqKey="Aguilar M" first="Mariano" last="Aguilar">Mariano Aguilar</name>
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<nlm:aff id="I6">Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), University of Granada, Granada, Spain</nlm:aff>
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<name sortKey="Aguilar, David" sort="Aguilar, David" uniqKey="Aguilar D" first="David" last="Aguilar">David Aguilar</name>
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<wicri:regionArea>Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), University of Granada, Granada</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
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<name sortKey="O Valle, Francisco" sort="O Valle, Francisco" uniqKey="O Valle F" first="Francisco" last="O'Valle">Francisco O'Valle</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="I6">Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), University of Granada, Granada, Spain</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), University of Granada, Granada</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="I7">Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Facultad de Medicina, 18012 Granada, Spain</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Facultad de Medicina, 18012 Granada</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
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<series>
<title level="j">BioMed Research International</title>
<idno type="ISSN">2314-6133</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">2314-6141</idno>
<imprint>
<date when="2014">2014</date>
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<front>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">
<p>
<italic>Objective</italic>
. This study was designed to explore relationships of resonance frequency analysis (RFA)—assessed implant stability (ISQ values) with bone morphometric parameters and bone quality in an
<italic>ex vivo</italic>
model of dental implants placed in human femoral heads and to evaluate the usefulness of this model for dental implant studies.
<italic>Material and Methods</italic>
. This
<italic>ex vivo</italic>
study included femoral heads from 17 patients undergoing surgery for femoral neck fracture due to osteoporosis (OP) (
<italic>n</italic>
= 7) or for total prosthesis joint replacement due to severe hip osteoarthrosis (OA) (
<italic>n</italic>
= 10). Sixty 4.5 × 13 mm Dentsply Astra implants were placed, followed by RFA. CD44 immunohistochemical analysis for osteocytes was also carried out.
<italic>Results</italic>
. As expected, the analysis yielded significant effects of femoral head type (OA versus OA) (
<italic>P</italic>
< 0.001), but not of the implants (
<italic>P</italic>
= 0.455) or of the interaction of the two factors (
<italic>P</italic>
= 0.848). Bonferroni post hoc comparisons showed a lower mean ISQ for implants in decalcified (50.33 ± 2.92) heads than in fresh (66.93 ± 1.10) or fixated (70.77 ± 1.32) heads (both
<italic>P</italic>
< 0.001). The ISQ score (fresh) was significantly higher for those in OA (73.52 ± 1.92) versus OP (67.13 ± 1.09) heads. However, mixed linear analysis showed no significant association between ISQ scores and morphologic or histomorphometric results (
<italic>P</italic>
> 0.5 in all cases), and no significant differences in ISQ values were found as a function of the length or area of the cortical layer (both
<italic>P</italic>
> 0.08).
<italic>Conclusion</italic>
. Although RFA-determined ISQ values are not correlated with morphometric parameters, they can discriminate bone quality (OP versus OA). This
<italic>ex vivo</italic>
model is useful for dental implant studies.</p>
</div>
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<pmc article-type="research-article">
<pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Biomed Res Int</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Biomed Res Int</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">BMRI</journal-id>
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<journal-title>BioMed Research International</journal-title>
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<issn pub-type="ppub">2314-6133</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">2314-6141</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>Hindawi Publishing Corporation</publisher-name>
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<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmid">24995307</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4065718</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1155/2014/535929</article-id>
<article-categories>
<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
<subject>Research Article</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group>
<article-title>An
<italic>Ex Vivo</italic>
Model in Human Femoral Heads for Histopathological Study and Resonance Frequency Analysis of Dental Implant Primary Stability</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Hernández-Cortés</surname>
<given-names>Pedro</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid" authenticated="false">http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8292-1927</contrib-id>
<name>
<surname>Monje</surname>
<given-names>Alberto</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Galindo-Moreno</surname>
<given-names>Pablo</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Catena</surname>
<given-names>Andrés</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Ortega-Oller</surname>
<given-names>Inmaculada</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Salas-Pérez</surname>
<given-names>José</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid" authenticated="false">http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8293-2527</contrib-id>
<name>
<surname>Mesa</surname>
<given-names>Francisco</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I5">
<sup>5</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Gómez-Sánchez</surname>
<given-names>Rafael</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
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<name>
<surname>Aguilar</surname>
<given-names>Mariano</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I6">
<sup>6</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Aguilar</surname>
<given-names>David</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I6">
<sup>6</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid" authenticated="false">http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9207-2287</contrib-id>
<name>
<surname>O'Valle</surname>
<given-names>Francisco</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I6">
<sup>6</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I7">
<sup>7</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1">*</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="I1">
<sup>1</sup>
Department of Traumatology and Orthopedic Surgery, “San Cecilio” Clinical Hospital, University of Granada, Spain</aff>
<aff id="I2">
<sup>2</sup>
Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA</aff>
<aff id="I3">
<sup>3</sup>
Oral Surgery and Implant Dentistry Department, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain</aff>
<aff id="I4">
<sup>4</sup>
Department of Experimental Psychology, School of Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain</aff>
<aff id="I5">
<sup>5</sup>
Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain</aff>
<aff id="I6">
<sup>6</sup>
Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), University of Granada, Granada, Spain</aff>
<aff id="I7">
<sup>7</sup>
Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Facultad de Medicina, 18012 Granada, Spain</aff>
<author-notes>
<corresp id="cor1">*Francisco O'Valle:
<email>fovalle@ugr.es</email>
</corresp>
<fn fn-type="other">
<p>Academic Editor: Konstantinos Michalakis</p>
</fn>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub">
<year>2014</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>4</day>
<month>6</month>
<year>2014</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>2014</volume>
<elocation-id>535929</elocation-id>
<history>
<date date-type="received">
<day>21</day>
<month>1</month>
<year>2014</year>
</date>
<date date-type="rev-recd">
<day>12</day>
<month>5</month>
<year>2014</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted">
<day>19</day>
<month>5</month>
<year>2014</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright © 2014 Pedro Hernández-Cortés et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2014</copyright-year>
<license xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/">
<license-p>This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<abstract>
<p>
<italic>Objective</italic>
. This study was designed to explore relationships of resonance frequency analysis (RFA)—assessed implant stability (ISQ values) with bone morphometric parameters and bone quality in an
<italic>ex vivo</italic>
model of dental implants placed in human femoral heads and to evaluate the usefulness of this model for dental implant studies.
<italic>Material and Methods</italic>
. This
<italic>ex vivo</italic>
study included femoral heads from 17 patients undergoing surgery for femoral neck fracture due to osteoporosis (OP) (
<italic>n</italic>
= 7) or for total prosthesis joint replacement due to severe hip osteoarthrosis (OA) (
<italic>n</italic>
= 10). Sixty 4.5 × 13 mm Dentsply Astra implants were placed, followed by RFA. CD44 immunohistochemical analysis for osteocytes was also carried out.
<italic>Results</italic>
. As expected, the analysis yielded significant effects of femoral head type (OA versus OA) (
<italic>P</italic>
< 0.001), but not of the implants (
<italic>P</italic>
= 0.455) or of the interaction of the two factors (
<italic>P</italic>
= 0.848). Bonferroni post hoc comparisons showed a lower mean ISQ for implants in decalcified (50.33 ± 2.92) heads than in fresh (66.93 ± 1.10) or fixated (70.77 ± 1.32) heads (both
<italic>P</italic>
< 0.001). The ISQ score (fresh) was significantly higher for those in OA (73.52 ± 1.92) versus OP (67.13 ± 1.09) heads. However, mixed linear analysis showed no significant association between ISQ scores and morphologic or histomorphometric results (
<italic>P</italic>
> 0.5 in all cases), and no significant differences in ISQ values were found as a function of the length or area of the cortical layer (both
<italic>P</italic>
> 0.08).
<italic>Conclusion</italic>
. Although RFA-determined ISQ values are not correlated with morphometric parameters, they can discriminate bone quality (OP versus OA). This
<italic>ex vivo</italic>
model is useful for dental implant studies.</p>
</abstract>
<funding-group>
<award-group>
<funding-source>University of Granada</funding-source>
</award-group>
</funding-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
<floats-group>
<fig id="fig1" orientation="portrait" position="float">
<label>Figure 1</label>
<caption>
<p>Femoral head cortical area. Note the different area between osteoporosis (a) and osteoarthrosis (b) in 3 mm diameter trephine biopsies. Narrow: different thickness of subchondral bone.</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="BMRI2014-535929.001"></graphic>
</fig>
<fig id="fig2" orientation="portrait" position="float">
<label>Figure 2</label>
<caption>
<p>Image analysis process. (a) Osteoarthrosis femoral head sample. (b) Osteoporosis femoral head sample. Note the following: (a) and (d) are trabecular area (yellow) hematoxylin-eosin stained and visualized with fluorescence microscopy, (b) and (e) are threshold images, and (c) and (f) are binary images with interest area in black.</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="BMRI2014-535929.002"></graphic>
</fig>
<fig id="fig3" orientation="portrait" position="float">
<label>Figure 3</label>
<caption>
<p>Fresh femoral head with coxarthrosis ((a) and (b)) and osteoporosis ((c) and (d)). (a) Frontal view of dental implant. (b) Dental implant with the SmartPeg placed for determination of implant primary stability in terms of implant stability quotients (ISQ value).</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="BMRI2014-535929.003"></graphic>
</fig>
<fig id="fig4" orientation="portrait" position="float">
<label>Figure 4</label>
<caption>
<p>Comparison of ISQ values of dental implants in femoral heads under different physicochemical conditions.</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="BMRI2014-535929.004"></graphic>
</fig>
<fig id="fig5" orientation="portrait" position="float">
<label>Figure 5</label>
<caption>
<p>CD44-positive osteocytes in trabecular bone. (a) Femoral head with osteoarthrosis. (b) Femoral head with osteoporosis (micropolymer-peroxidase-based method, original magnification ×20).</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="BMRI2014-535929.005"></graphic>
</fig>
<table-wrap id="tab1" orientation="portrait" position="float">
<label>Table 1</label>
<caption>
<p>Comparison of ISQ values between osteoarthrosis and osteoporosis groups.</p>
</caption>
<table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
<thead>
<tr>
<th align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Variable</th>
<th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Osteoarthrosis</th>
<th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Osteoporosis</th>
<th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">
<italic>P</italic>
values*</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">ISQ fresh</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">73.53 ± 1.26</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">67.13 ± 1.09</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">ISQ fixed</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">72.33 ± 1.65</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">70.39 ± 1.61</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.406</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">ISQ decalcified</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">46.47 ± 4.34</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">51.03 ± 3.53</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.421</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table-wrap-foot>
<fn>
<p>Values are expressed as mean ± standard deviation. *Bonferroni test.</p>
</fn>
</table-wrap-foot>
</table-wrap>
</floats-group>
</pmc>
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