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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Gender-Stratified Models to Examine the Relationship Between Financial Hardship and Self-Reported Oral Health for Older US Men and Women</title>
<author><name sortKey="Chi, Donald L" sort="Chi, Donald L" uniqKey="Chi D" first="Donald L." last="Chi">Donald L. Chi</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tucker Seeley, Reginald" sort="Tucker Seeley, Reginald" uniqKey="Tucker Seeley R" first="Reginald" last="Tucker-Seeley">Reginald Tucker-Seeley</name>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno>
<idno type="pmid">23327271</idno>
<idno type="pmc">4007872</idno>
<idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4007872</idno>
<idno type="RBID">PMC:4007872</idno>
<idno type="doi">10.2105/AJPH.2012.301145</idno>
<date when="2013">2013</date>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000299</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000299</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Gender-Stratified Models to Examine the Relationship Between Financial Hardship and Self-Reported Oral Health for Older US Men and Women</title>
<author><name sortKey="Chi, Donald L" sort="Chi, Donald L" uniqKey="Chi D" first="Donald L." last="Chi">Donald L. Chi</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tucker Seeley, Reginald" sort="Tucker Seeley, Reginald" uniqKey="Tucker Seeley R" first="Reginald" last="Tucker-Seeley">Reginald Tucker-Seeley</name>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">American Journal of Public Health</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0090-0036</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1541-0048</idno>
<imprint><date when="2013">2013</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass></textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><italic>Objectives.</italic>
We evaluated the relationship between financial hardship and self-reported oral health for older men and women.</p>
<p><italic>Methods.</italic>
We focused on adults in the 2008 Health and Retirement Study (n = 1359). The predictor variables were 4 financial hardship indicators. We used Poisson regression models to estimate the prevalence ratio of poor self-reported oral health.</p>
<p><italic>Results.</italic>
In the non–gender-stratified model, number of financial hardships was not significantly associated with self-reported oral health. Food insecurity was associated with a 12% greater prevalence of poor self-reported oral health (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.04, 1.21). In the gender-stratified models, women with 3 or more financial hardships had a 24% greater prevalence of poor self-reported oral health than women with zero (95% CI = 1.09, 1.40). Number of hardships was not associated with self-reported oral health for men. For men, skipping medications was associated with 50% lower prevalence of poor self-reported oral health (95% CI = 0.32, 0.76).</p>
<p><italic>Conclusions.</italic>
Number of financial hardships was differentially associated with self-reported oral health for older men and women. Most financial hardship indicators affected both genders similarly. Future interventions to improve vulnerable older adults’ oral health should account for gender-based heterogeneity in financial hardship experiences.</p>
</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Am J Public Health</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Am J Public Health</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ajph</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>American Journal of Public Health</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">0090-0036</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">1541-0048</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>American Public Health Association</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">23327271</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4007872</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">301145</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.2105/AJPH.2012.301145</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="hwp-journal-coll"><subject>13</subject>
<subject>14</subject>
<subject>17</subject>
<subject>66</subject>
</subj-group>
<subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research and Practice</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>Gender-Stratified Models to Examine the Relationship Between Financial Hardship and Self-Reported Oral Health for Older US Men and Women</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Chi</surname>
<given-names>Donald L.</given-names>
</name>
<degrees>DDS, PhD</degrees>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Tucker-Seeley</surname>
<given-names>Reginald</given-names>
</name>
<degrees>MA, ScM, ScD</degrees>
</contrib>
<aff>Donald L. Chi is with the Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA. Reginald Tucker-Seeley is with the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and the Department of Society, Human Development, and Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA.</aff>
</contrib-group>
<author-notes><corresp>Correspondence should be sent to Donald L. Chi, University of Washington, School of Dentistry, Department of Oral Health Sciences, Box 357475, Seattle, WA 98195-7475 (e-mail: <email>dchi@uw.edu</email>
). Reprints can be ordered at <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.ajph.org">http://www.ajph.org</ext-link>
by clicking the “Reprints” link.</corresp>
<fn><p><bold>Contributors</bold>
</p>
<p>D. L. Chi conceptualized the study, synthesized the analysis plan, assisted with interpreting findings, and led the writing of the article. R. Tucker-Seeley assisted with conceptualizing the study, managed and analyzed the data, interpreted findings, and assisted with writing the article.</p>
</fn>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>8</month>
<year>2013</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><month>8</month>
<year>2013</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>1</day>
<month>8</month>
<year>2014</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>103</volume>
<issue>8</issue>
<fpage>1507</fpage>
<lpage>1515</lpage>
<history><date date-type="accepted"><day>10</day>
<month>11</month>
<year>2012</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions><copyright-statement>© American Public Health Association 2013</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2013</copyright-year>
</permissions>
<self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="AJPH.2012.301145.pdf"></self-uri>
<abstract><p><italic>Objectives.</italic>
We evaluated the relationship between financial hardship and self-reported oral health for older men and women.</p>
<p><italic>Methods.</italic>
We focused on adults in the 2008 Health and Retirement Study (n = 1359). The predictor variables were 4 financial hardship indicators. We used Poisson regression models to estimate the prevalence ratio of poor self-reported oral health.</p>
<p><italic>Results.</italic>
In the non–gender-stratified model, number of financial hardships was not significantly associated with self-reported oral health. Food insecurity was associated with a 12% greater prevalence of poor self-reported oral health (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.04, 1.21). In the gender-stratified models, women with 3 or more financial hardships had a 24% greater prevalence of poor self-reported oral health than women with zero (95% CI = 1.09, 1.40). Number of hardships was not associated with self-reported oral health for men. For men, skipping medications was associated with 50% lower prevalence of poor self-reported oral health (95% CI = 0.32, 0.76).</p>
<p><italic>Conclusions.</italic>
Number of financial hardships was differentially associated with self-reported oral health for older men and women. Most financial hardship indicators affected both genders similarly. Future interventions to improve vulnerable older adults’ oral health should account for gender-based heterogeneity in financial hardship experiences.</p>
</abstract>
<counts><page-count count="9"></page-count>
</counts>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
</record>
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