Measurement of Voice Onset Time in Maxillectomy Patients
Identifieur interne : 000A07 ( Ncbi/Merge ); précédent : 000A06; suivant : 000A08Measurement of Voice Onset Time in Maxillectomy Patients
Auteurs : Mariko Hattori [Japon] ; Yuka I. Sumita [Japon] ; Hisashi Taniguchi [Japon]Source :
- The Scientific World Journal [ 2356-6140 ] ; 2014.
Abstract
Objective speech evaluation using acoustic measurement is needed for the proper rehabilitation of maxillectomy patients. For digital evaluation of consonants, measurement of voice onset time is one option. However, voice onset time has not been measured in maxillectomy patients as their consonant sound spectra exhibit unique characteristics that make the measurement of voice onset time challenging. In this study, we established criteria for measuring voice onset time in maxillectomy patients for objective speech evaluation. We examined voice onset time for /ka/ and /ta/ in 13 maxillectomy patients by calculating the number of valid measurements of voice onset time out of three trials for each syllable. Wilcoxon's signed rank test showed that voice onset time measurements were more successful for /ka/ and /ta/ when a prosthesis was used (
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DOI: 10.1155/2014/925707
PubMed: 24574934
PubMed Central: 3918378
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Sumita</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I2">Department of Maxillofacial Prosthetics, Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Function, Division of Maxillofacial/Neck Reconstruction, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Maxillofacial Prosthetics, Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Function, Division of Maxillofacial/Neck Reconstruction, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Tokyo</settlement><region type="région">Région de Kantō</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Taniguchi, Hisashi" sort="Taniguchi, Hisashi" uniqKey="Taniguchi H" first="Hisashi" last="Taniguchi">Hisashi Taniguchi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I2">Department of Maxillofacial Prosthetics, Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Function, Division of Maxillofacial/Neck Reconstruction, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Maxillofacial Prosthetics, Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Function, Division of Maxillofacial/Neck Reconstruction, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Tokyo</settlement><region type="région">Région de Kantō</region></placeName></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">24574934</idno><idno type="pmc">3918378</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3918378</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:3918378</idno><idno type="doi">10.1155/2014/925707</idno><date when="2014">2014</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000772</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000772</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000772</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000772</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000227</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000227</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">000A07</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Measurement of Voice Onset Time in Maxillectomy Patients</title><author><name sortKey="Hattori, Mariko" sort="Hattori, Mariko" uniqKey="Hattori M" first="Mariko" last="Hattori">Mariko Hattori</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I1">Clinics for Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation, University Hospital, Faculty of Dentistry Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Yushima 1-5-45, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Clinics for Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation, University Hospital, Faculty of Dentistry Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Yushima 1-5-45, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Tokyo</settlement><region type="région">Région de Kantō</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sumita, Yuka I" sort="Sumita, Yuka I" uniqKey="Sumita Y" first="Yuka I." last="Sumita">Yuka I. Sumita</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I2">Department of Maxillofacial Prosthetics, Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Function, Division of Maxillofacial/Neck Reconstruction, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Maxillofacial Prosthetics, Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Function, Division of Maxillofacial/Neck Reconstruction, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Tokyo</settlement><region type="région">Région de Kantō</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Taniguchi, Hisashi" sort="Taniguchi, Hisashi" uniqKey="Taniguchi H" first="Hisashi" last="Taniguchi">Hisashi Taniguchi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I2">Department of Maxillofacial Prosthetics, Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Function, Division of Maxillofacial/Neck Reconstruction, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Maxillofacial Prosthetics, Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Function, Division of Maxillofacial/Neck Reconstruction, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Tokyo</settlement><region type="région">Région de Kantō</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">The Scientific World Journal</title><idno type="ISSN">2356-6140</idno><idno type="eISSN">1537-744X</idno><imprint><date when="2014">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Objective speech evaluation using acoustic measurement is needed for the proper rehabilitation of maxillectomy patients. For digital evaluation of consonants, measurement of voice onset time is one option. However, voice onset time has not been measured in maxillectomy patients as their consonant sound spectra exhibit unique characteristics that make the measurement of voice onset time challenging. In this study, we established criteria for measuring voice onset time in maxillectomy patients for objective speech evaluation. We examined voice onset time for /ka/ and /ta/ in 13 maxillectomy patients by calculating the number of valid measurements of voice onset time out of three trials for each syllable. Wilcoxon's signed rank test showed that voice onset time measurements were more successful for /ka/ and /ta/ when a prosthesis was used (<italic>Z</italic> = −2.232, <italic>P</italic> = 0.026 and <italic>Z</italic> = −2.401, <italic>P</italic> = 0.016, resp.) than when a prosthesis was not used. These results indicate a prosthesis affected voice onset measurement in these patients. Although more research in this area is needed, measurement of voice onset time has the potential to be used to evaluate consonant production in maxillectomy patients wearing a prosthesis.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Umino, S" uniqKey="Umino S">S Umino</name></author><author><name sortKey="Masuda, G" uniqKey="Masuda G">G Masuda</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ono, S" uniqKey="Ono S">S Ono</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fujita, K" uniqKey="Fujita K">K Fujita</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rieger, J" uniqKey="Rieger J">J Rieger</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wolfaardt, J" uniqKey="Wolfaardt J">J Wolfaardt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Seikaly, H" uniqKey="Seikaly H">H Seikaly</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jha, N" uniqKey="Jha N">N Jha</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Prunkngarmpun, C" uniqKey="Prunkngarmpun C">C Prunkngarmpun</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sumita, Yi" uniqKey="Sumita Y">YI Sumita</name></author><author><name sortKey="Taniguchi, H" uniqKey="Taniguchi H">H Taniguchi</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sumita, Yi" uniqKey="Sumita Y">YI Sumita</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ozawa, S" uniqKey="Ozawa S">S Ozawa</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mukohyama, H" uniqKey="Mukohyama H">H Mukohyama</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ueno, T" uniqKey="Ueno T">T Ueno</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ohyama, T" uniqKey="Ohyama T">T Ohyama</name></author><author><name sortKey="Taniguchi, H" uniqKey="Taniguchi H">H Taniguchi</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chowdhury, Nu" uniqKey="Chowdhury N">NU Chowdhury</name></author><author><name sortKey="Otomaru, T" uniqKey="Otomaru T">T Otomaru</name></author><author><name sortKey="Murase, M" uniqKey="Murase M">M Murase</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hattori, M" uniqKey="Hattori M">M Hattori</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sumita, Yi" uniqKey="Sumita Y">YI Sumita</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kimura, S" uniqKey="Kimura S">S Kimura</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mukohyama, H" uniqKey="Mukohyama H">H Mukohyama</name></author><author><name sortKey="Taniguchi, H" uniqKey="Taniguchi H">H Taniguchi</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lisker, L" uniqKey="Lisker L">L Lisker</name></author><author><name sortKey="Abramson, As" uniqKey="Abramson A">AS Abramson</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Abler, W" uniqKey="Abler W">W Abler</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Dent, L" uniqKey="Dent L">L Dent</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Keating, Pa" uniqKey="Keating P">PA Keating</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mikos, Mj" uniqKey="Mikos M">MJ Mikos</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ganong, Wf" uniqKey="Ganong W">WF Ganong</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lundeborg, I" uniqKey="Lundeborg I">I Lundeborg</name></author><author><name sortKey="Larsson, M" uniqKey="Larsson M">M Larsson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wiman, S" uniqKey="Wiman S">S Wiman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mcallister, A" uniqKey="Mcallister A">A Mcallister</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ichikawa, J" uniqKey="Ichikawa J">J Ichikawa</name></author><author><name sortKey="Komoda, J" uniqKey="Komoda J">J Komoda</name></author><author><name sortKey="Horiuchi, M" uniqKey="Horiuchi M">M Horiuchi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Matsumoto, N" uniqKey="Matsumoto N">N Matsumoto</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Akpinar, Me" uniqKey="Akpinar M">ME Akpinar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kocak, I" uniqKey="Kocak I">I Kocak</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gurpinar, B" uniqKey="Gurpinar B">B Gurpinar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Esen, He" uniqKey="Esen H">HE Esen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Aramany, Ma" uniqKey="Aramany M">MA Aramany</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">ScientificWorldJournal</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">ScientificWorldJournal</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">TSWJ</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>The Scientific World Journal</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2356-6140</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1537-744X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Hindawi Publishing Corporation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">24574934</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3918378</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1155/2014/925707</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Measurement of Voice Onset Time in Maxillectomy Patients</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Hattori</surname><given-names>Mariko</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sumita</surname><given-names>Yuka I.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="I2"><sup>2</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Taniguchi</surname><given-names>Hisashi</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="I2"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="I1"><sup>1</sup>Clinics for Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation, University Hospital, Faculty of Dentistry Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Yushima 1-5-45, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan</aff><aff id="I2"><sup>2</sup>Department of Maxillofacial Prosthetics, Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Function, Division of Maxillofacial/Neck Reconstruction, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan</aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor1">*Yuka I. Sumita: <email>yuka.mfp@tmd.ac.jp</email></corresp><fn fn-type="other"><p>Academic Editors: S. Minagi and M. Yoneda</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>1</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>2014</volume><elocation-id>925707</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>1</day><month>8</month><year>2013</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>7</day><month>11</month><year>2013</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2014 Mariko Hattori et al.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><license xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/"><license-p>This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><p>Objective speech evaluation using acoustic measurement is needed for the proper rehabilitation of maxillectomy patients. For digital evaluation of consonants, measurement of voice onset time is one option. However, voice onset time has not been measured in maxillectomy patients as their consonant sound spectra exhibit unique characteristics that make the measurement of voice onset time challenging. In this study, we established criteria for measuring voice onset time in maxillectomy patients for objective speech evaluation. We examined voice onset time for /ka/ and /ta/ in 13 maxillectomy patients by calculating the number of valid measurements of voice onset time out of three trials for each syllable. Wilcoxon's signed rank test showed that voice onset time measurements were more successful for /ka/ and /ta/ when a prosthesis was used (<italic>Z</italic> = −2.232, <italic>P</italic> = 0.026 and <italic>Z</italic> = −2.401, <italic>P</italic> = 0.016, resp.) than when a prosthesis was not used. These results indicate a prosthesis affected voice onset measurement in these patients. Although more research in this area is needed, measurement of voice onset time has the potential to be used to evaluate consonant production in maxillectomy patients wearing a prosthesis.</p></abstract></article-meta></front><floats-group><fig id="fig1" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Figure 1</label><caption><p>Spectrograms of normal and atypical production of stop consonants. (I) Spectrogram of a normally produced stop voiceless consonant, where A is the consonant burst and B is vocal fold vibration. (IIA) Spectrogram of a consonant showing a negative VOT, where C is a consonant burst and D is vocal fold vibration that started earlier than the consonant onset. (IIB) Spectrogram with an unclear consonant onset (E).</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="TSWJ2014-925707.001"></graphic></fig><table-wrap id="tab1" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Table 1</label><caption><p>Patient characteristics.</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Patient number</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Sex</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Age</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Aramany's classification</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">F</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">62</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">I</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">F</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">60</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">II</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">F</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">75</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">II</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">M</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">54</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">II</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">M</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">52</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">II</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">F</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">71</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">II</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">F</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">60</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">II</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">F</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">70</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">I</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">9</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">M</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">61</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">II</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">10</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">M</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">59</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">IV</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">11</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">F</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">76</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">II</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">12</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">F</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">65</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">IV</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">13</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">F</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">65</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">II</td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap><table-wrap id="tab2" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Table 2</label><caption><p>Number of successful VOT measurements of /ka/ and /ta/ with and without a prosthesis in 13 maxillectomy patients.</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th align="left" rowspan="3" colspan="1">Patient number</th><th align="center" colspan="4" rowspan="1">Number of successful measurements</th></tr><tr><th align="center" colspan="2" rowspan="1">Without prosthesis</th><th align="center" colspan="2" rowspan="1">With prosthesis</th></tr><tr><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">/ka/</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">/ta/</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">/ka/</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">/ta/</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">9</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">10</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">11</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">12</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">13</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap></floats-group></pmc><affiliations><list><country><li>Japon</li></country><region><li>Région de Kantō</li></region><settlement><li>Tokyo</li></settlement></list><tree><country name="Japon"><region name="Région de Kantō"><name sortKey="Hattori, Mariko" sort="Hattori, Mariko" uniqKey="Hattori M" first="Mariko" last="Hattori">Mariko Hattori</name></region><name sortKey="Sumita, Yuka I" sort="Sumita, Yuka I" uniqKey="Sumita Y" first="Yuka I." last="Sumita">Yuka I. Sumita</name><name sortKey="Taniguchi, Hisashi" sort="Taniguchi, Hisashi" uniqKey="Taniguchi H" first="Hisashi" last="Taniguchi">Hisashi Taniguchi</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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