Difficult laryngoscopy and intubation in the Indian population: An assessment of anatomical and clinical risk factors
Identifieur interne : 001193 ( Main/Merge ); précédent : 001192; suivant : 001194Difficult laryngoscopy and intubation in the Indian population: An assessment of anatomical and clinical risk factors
Auteurs : Smita Prakash [Inde] ; Amitabh Kumar [Inde] ; Shyam Bhandari [Inde] ; Parul Mullick [Inde] ; Rajvir Singh [Qatar] ; Anoop Raj Gogia [Inde]Source :
- Indian Journal of Anaesthesia [ 0019-5049 ] ; 2013.
Abstract
Differences in patient characteristics due to race or ethnicity may influence the incidence of difficult airway. Our purpose was to determine the incidence of difficult laryngoscopy and intubation, as well as the anatomical features and clinical risk factors that influence them, in the Indian population.
In 330 adult patients receiving general anaesthesia with tracheal intubation, airway characteristics and clinical factors were determined and their association with difficult laryngoscopy (Cormack and Lehane grade 3 and 4) was analysed. Intubation Difficulty Scale score was used to identify degree of difficult laryngoscopy.
The incidence of difficult laryngoscopy and intubation was 9.7% and 4.5%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that increasing age and weight, male gender, modified Mallampati class (MMC) 3 and 4 in sitting and supine positions, inter-incisor distance (IID) ≤3.5 cm, thyromental (TMD) and sternomental distance, ratio of height and TMD, short neck, limited mandibular protrusion, decreased range of neck movement, history of snoring, receding mandible and cervical spondylosis were associated with difficult laryngoscopy. Multivariate analysis identified four variables that were independently associated with difficult laryngoscopy: MMC class 3 and 4, range of neck movement <80°, IID ≤ 3.5 cm and snoring.
We found an incidence of 9.7% and 4.5% for difficult laryngoscopy and difficult intubation, respectively, in Indian patients with apparently normal airways. MMC class 3 and 4, range of neck movement <80°, IID ≤ 3.5 cm and snoring were independently related to difficult laryngoscopy. There was a high incidence (48.5%) of minor difficulty in intubation.
Url:
DOI: 10.4103/0019-5049.123329
PubMed: 24403616
PubMed Central: 3883391
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
- to stream Pmc, to step Corpus: 000250
- to stream Pmc, to step Curation: 000250
- to stream Pmc, to step Checkpoint: 000676
- to stream Ncbi, to step Merge: 000811
- to stream Ncbi, to step Curation: 000811
- to stream Ncbi, to step Checkpoint: 000811
Links to Exploration step
PMC:3883391Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Difficult laryngoscopy and intubation in the Indian population: An assessment of anatomical and clinical risk factors</title><author><name sortKey="Prakash, Smita" sort="Prakash, Smita" uniqKey="Prakash S" first="Smita" last="Prakash">Smita Prakash</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjang Hospital, New Delhi, India</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjang Hospital, New Delhi</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>New Delhi</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kumar, Amitabh" sort="Kumar, Amitabh" uniqKey="Kumar A" first="Amitabh" last="Kumar">Amitabh Kumar</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjang Hospital, New Delhi, India</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjang Hospital, New Delhi</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>New Delhi</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bhandari, Shyam" sort="Bhandari, Shyam" uniqKey="Bhandari S" first="Shyam" last="Bhandari">Shyam Bhandari</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjang Hospital, New Delhi, India</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjang Hospital, New Delhi</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>New Delhi</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mullick, Parul" sort="Mullick, Parul" uniqKey="Mullick P" first="Parul" last="Mullick">Parul Mullick</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjang Hospital, New Delhi, India</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjang Hospital, New Delhi</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>New Delhi</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Singh, Rajvir" sort="Singh, Rajvir" uniqKey="Singh R" first="Rajvir" last="Singh">Rajvir Singh</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Medical Research Cardiology, HMC, Doha, Qatar</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Qatar</country><wicri:regionArea>Medical Research Cardiology, HMC, Doha</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Doha</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gogia, Anoop Raj" sort="Gogia, Anoop Raj" uniqKey="Gogia A" first="Anoop Raj" last="Gogia">Anoop Raj Gogia</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjang Hospital, New Delhi, India</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjang Hospital, New Delhi</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>New Delhi</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">24403616</idno><idno type="pmc">3883391</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3883391</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:3883391</idno><idno type="doi">10.4103/0019-5049.123329</idno><date when="2013">2013</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000250</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000250</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000250</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000250</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000676</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000676</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">000811</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Curation">000811</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Checkpoint">000811</idno><idno type="wicri:doubleKey">0019-5049:2013:Prakash S:difficult:laryngoscopy:and</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">001193</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Difficult laryngoscopy and intubation in the Indian population: An assessment of anatomical and clinical risk factors</title><author><name sortKey="Prakash, Smita" sort="Prakash, Smita" uniqKey="Prakash S" first="Smita" last="Prakash">Smita Prakash</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjang Hospital, New Delhi, India</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjang Hospital, New Delhi</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>New Delhi</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kumar, Amitabh" sort="Kumar, Amitabh" uniqKey="Kumar A" first="Amitabh" last="Kumar">Amitabh Kumar</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjang Hospital, New Delhi, India</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjang Hospital, New Delhi</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>New Delhi</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bhandari, Shyam" sort="Bhandari, Shyam" uniqKey="Bhandari S" first="Shyam" last="Bhandari">Shyam Bhandari</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjang Hospital, New Delhi, India</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjang Hospital, New Delhi</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>New Delhi</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mullick, Parul" sort="Mullick, Parul" uniqKey="Mullick P" first="Parul" last="Mullick">Parul Mullick</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjang Hospital, New Delhi, India</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjang Hospital, New Delhi</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>New Delhi</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Singh, Rajvir" sort="Singh, Rajvir" uniqKey="Singh R" first="Rajvir" last="Singh">Rajvir Singh</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Medical Research Cardiology, HMC, Doha, Qatar</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Qatar</country><wicri:regionArea>Medical Research Cardiology, HMC, Doha</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Doha</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gogia, Anoop Raj" sort="Gogia, Anoop Raj" uniqKey="Gogia A" first="Anoop Raj" last="Gogia">Anoop Raj Gogia</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjang Hospital, New Delhi, India</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjang Hospital, New Delhi</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>New Delhi</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Indian Journal of Anaesthesia</title><idno type="ISSN">0019-5049</idno><idno type="eISSN">0976-2817</idno><imprint><date when="2013">2013</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec id="st1"><title>Background and Aim:</title><p>Differences in patient characteristics due to race or ethnicity may influence the incidence of difficult airway. Our purpose was to determine the incidence of difficult laryngoscopy and intubation, as well as the anatomical features and clinical risk factors that influence them, in the Indian population.</p></sec><sec id="st2"><title>Methods:</title><p>In 330 adult patients receiving general anaesthesia with tracheal intubation, airway characteristics and clinical factors were determined and their association with difficult laryngoscopy (Cormack and Lehane grade 3 and 4) was analysed. Intubation Difficulty Scale score was used to identify degree of difficult laryngoscopy.</p></sec><sec id="st3"><title>Results:</title><p>The incidence of difficult laryngoscopy and intubation was 9.7% and 4.5%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that increasing age and weight, male gender, modified Mallampati class (MMC) 3 and 4 in sitting and supine positions, inter-incisor distance (IID) ≤3.5 cm, thyromental (TMD) and sternomental distance, ratio of height and TMD, short neck, limited mandibular protrusion, decreased range of neck movement, history of snoring, receding mandible and cervical spondylosis were associated with difficult laryngoscopy. Multivariate analysis identified four variables that were independently associated with difficult laryngoscopy: MMC class 3 and 4, range of neck movement <80°, IID ≤ 3.5 cm and snoring.</p></sec><sec id="st4"><title>Conclusions:</title><p>We found an incidence of 9.7% and 4.5% for difficult laryngoscopy and difficult intubation, respectively, in Indian patients with apparently normal airways. MMC class 3 and 4, range of neck movement <80°, IID ≤ 3.5 cm and snoring were independently related to difficult laryngoscopy. There was a high incidence (48.5%) of minor difficulty in intubation.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Shiga, T" uniqKey="Shiga T">T Shiga</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wajima, Z" uniqKey="Wajima Z">Z Wajima</name></author><author><name sortKey="Inoue, T" uniqKey="Inoue T">T Inoue</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sakamoto, A" uniqKey="Sakamoto A">A Sakamoto</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Samsoon, Gl" uniqKey="Samsoon G">GL Samsoon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Young, Jr" uniqKey="Young J">JR Young</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wilson, Me" uniqKey="Wilson M">ME Wilson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Spiegelhalter, D" uniqKey="Spiegelhalter D">D Spiegelhalter</name></author><author><name sortKey="Robertson, Ja" uniqKey="Robertson J">JA Robertson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lesser, P" uniqKey="Lesser P">P Lesser</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Langeron, O" uniqKey="Langeron O">O Langeron</name></author><author><name sortKey="Masso, E" uniqKey="Masso E">E Masso</name></author><author><name sortKey="Huraux, C" uniqKey="Huraux C">C Huraux</name></author><author><name sortKey="Guggiari, M" uniqKey="Guggiari M">M Guggiari</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bianchi, A" uniqKey="Bianchi A">A Bianchi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Coriat, P" uniqKey="Coriat P">P Coriat</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Cormack, Rs" uniqKey="Cormack R">RS Cormack</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lehane, J" uniqKey="Lehane J">J Lehane</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Adnet, F" uniqKey="Adnet F">F Adnet</name></author><author><name sortKey="Borron, Sw" uniqKey="Borron S">SW Borron</name></author><author><name sortKey="Racine, Sx" uniqKey="Racine S">SX Racine</name></author><author><name sortKey="Clemessy, Jl" uniqKey="Clemessy J">JL Clemessy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fournier, Jl" uniqKey="Fournier J">JL Fournier</name></author><author><name sortKey="Plaisance, P" uniqKey="Plaisance P">P Plaisance</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Prakash, S" uniqKey="Prakash S">S Prakash</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rapsang, Ag" uniqKey="Rapsang A">AG Rapsang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mahajan, S" uniqKey="Mahajan S">S Mahajan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bhattacharjee, S" uniqKey="Bhattacharjee S">S Bhattacharjee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Singh, R" uniqKey="Singh R">R Singh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gogia, Ar" uniqKey="Gogia A">AR Gogia</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rose, Dk" uniqKey="Rose D">DK Rose</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cohen, Mm" uniqKey="Cohen M">MM Cohen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Nath, G" uniqKey="Nath G">G Nath</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sekar, M" uniqKey="Sekar M">M Sekar</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ramadhani, Sa" uniqKey="Ramadhani S">SA Ramadhani</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mohamed, La" uniqKey="Mohamed L">LA Mohamed</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rocke, Da" uniqKey="Rocke D">DA Rocke</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gouws, E" uniqKey="Gouws E">E Gouws</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ezri, T" uniqKey="Ezri T">T Ezri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gewurtz, G" uniqKey="Gewurtz G">G Gewürtz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sessler, Di" uniqKey="Sessler D">DI Sessler</name></author><author><name sortKey="Medalion, B" uniqKey="Medalion B">B Medalion</name></author><author><name sortKey="Szmuk, P" uniqKey="Szmuk P">P Szmuk</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hagberg, C" uniqKey="Hagberg C">C Hagberg</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Whittle, At" uniqKey="Whittle A">AT Whittle</name></author><author><name sortKey="Marshall, I" uniqKey="Marshall I">I Marshall</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mortimore, Il" uniqKey="Mortimore I">IL Mortimore</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wraith, Pk" uniqKey="Wraith P">PK Wraith</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sellar, Rj" uniqKey="Sellar R">RJ Sellar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Douglas, Nj" uniqKey="Douglas N">NJ Douglas</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Meyer, Rj" uniqKey="Meyer R">RJ Meyer</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Savva, D" uniqKey="Savva D">D Savva</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Adnet, F" uniqKey="Adnet F">F Adnet</name></author><author><name sortKey="Racine, Sx" uniqKey="Racine S">SX Racine</name></author><author><name sortKey="Borron, Sw" uniqKey="Borron S">SW Borron</name></author><author><name sortKey="Clemessy, Jl" uniqKey="Clemessy J">JL Clemessy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fournier, Jl" uniqKey="Fournier J">JL Fournier</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lapostolle, F" uniqKey="Lapostolle F">F Lapostolle</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gupta, Ak" uniqKey="Gupta A">AK Gupta</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ommid, M" uniqKey="Ommid M">M Ommid</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nengroo, S" uniqKey="Nengroo S">S Nengroo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Naqash, I" uniqKey="Naqash I">I Naqash</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mehta, A" uniqKey="Mehta A">A Mehta</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Merah, Na" uniqKey="Merah N">NA Merah</name></author><author><name sortKey="Foulkes Crabbe, Dj" uniqKey="Foulkes Crabbe D">DJ Foulkes-Crabbe</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kushimo, Ot" uniqKey="Kushimo O">OT Kushimo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ajayi, Pa" uniqKey="Ajayi P">PA Ajayi</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Schmitt, Hj" uniqKey="Schmitt H">HJ Schmitt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kirmse, M" uniqKey="Kirmse M">M Kirmse</name></author><author><name sortKey="Radespiel Troger, M" uniqKey="Radespiel Troger M">M Radespiel-Troger</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Farzi, F" uniqKey="Farzi F">F Farzi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mirmansouri, A" uniqKey="Mirmansouri A">A Mirmansouri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Forghanparast, K" uniqKey="Forghanparast K">K Forghanparast</name></author><author><name sortKey="Abdolahzade, M" uniqKey="Abdolahzade M">M Abdolahzade</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nahvi, H" uniqKey="Nahvi H">H Nahvi</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Krobbuaban, B" uniqKey="Krobbuaban B">B Krobbuaban</name></author><author><name sortKey="Diregpoke, S" uniqKey="Diregpoke S">S Diregpoke</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kumkeaw, S" uniqKey="Kumkeaw S">S Kumkeaw</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tanomsat, M" uniqKey="Tanomsat M">M Tanomsat</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Krishna, Hm" uniqKey="Krishna H">HM Krishna</name></author><author><name sortKey="Agarwal, M" uniqKey="Agarwal M">M Agarwal</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dali, Js" uniqKey="Dali J">JS Dali</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rampal, P" uniqKey="Rampal P">P Rampal</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dua, Ck" uniqKey="Dua C">CK Dua</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Butler, Pj" uniqKey="Butler P">PJ Butler</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dhara, Ss" uniqKey="Dhara S">SS Dhara</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Dabbagh, A" uniqKey="Dabbagh A">A Dabbagh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rad, Mp" uniqKey="Rad M">MP Rad</name></author><author><name sortKey="Daneshmand, A" uniqKey="Daneshmand A">A Daneshmand</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hegde, Hv" uniqKey="Hegde H">HV Hegde</name></author><author><name sortKey="Prasad, Kc" uniqKey="Prasad K">KC Prasad</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bhat, Mt" uniqKey="Bhat M">MT Bhat</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hegde, Js" uniqKey="Hegde J">JS Hegde</name></author><author><name sortKey="Santhosh, Mysore Cb" uniqKey="Santhosh M">Mysore Cb Santhosh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yaliwal, Vg" uniqKey="Yaliwal V">VG Yaliwal</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Khatiwada, S" uniqKey="Khatiwada S">S Khatiwada</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bhattarai, B" uniqKey="Bhattarai B">B Bhattarai</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pokharel, K" uniqKey="Pokharel K">K Pokharel</name></author><author><name sortKey="Acharya, R" uniqKey="Acharya R">R Acharya</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ghimire, A" uniqKey="Ghimire A">A Ghimire</name></author><author><name sortKey="Baral, Dd" uniqKey="Baral D">DD Baral</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kim, Ds" uniqKey="Kim D">DS Kim</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Kh" uniqKey="Kim K">KH Kim</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Singhal, V" uniqKey="Singhal V">V Singhal</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sharma, M" uniqKey="Sharma M">M Sharma</name></author><author><name sortKey="Prabhakar, H" uniqKey="Prabhakar H">H Prabhakar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ali, Z" uniqKey="Ali Z">Z Ali</name></author><author><name sortKey="Singh, Gp" uniqKey="Singh G">GP Singh</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mcdowell, Ma" uniqKey="Mcdowell M">MA McDowell</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fryar, Cd" uniqKey="Fryar C">CD Fryar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ogden, C" uniqKey="Ogden C">C Ogden</name></author><author><name sortKey="Flegal, Km" uniqKey="Flegal K">KM Flegal</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mamidi, Rs" uniqKey="Mamidi R">RS Mamidi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kulkarni, B" uniqKey="Kulkarni B">B Kulkarni</name></author><author><name sortKey="Singh, A" uniqKey="Singh A">A Singh</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Naguib, M" uniqKey="Naguib M">M Naguib</name></author><author><name sortKey="Malabarey, T" uniqKey="Malabarey T">T Malabarey</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alsatli, Ra" uniqKey="Alsatli R">RA AlSatli</name></author><author><name sortKey="Damegh, Sa" uniqKey="Damegh S">SA Damegh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Samarkandi, Ah" uniqKey="Samarkandi A">AH Samarkandi</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Safavi, M" uniqKey="Safavi M">M Safavi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Honarmand, A" uniqKey="Honarmand A">A Honarmand</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zare, N" uniqKey="Zare N">N Zare</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mishra, Sk" uniqKey="Mishra S">SK Mishra</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bhat, Rr" uniqKey="Bhat R">RR Bhat</name></author><author><name sortKey="M Nagappa, Sk" uniqKey="M Nagappa S">SK M. Nagappa</name></author><author><name sortKey="Badhe, A" uniqKey="Badhe A">A Badhe</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Garcia Guiral, M" uniqKey="Garcia Guiral M">M García-Guiral</name></author><author><name sortKey="Garcia Amigueti, F" uniqKey="Garcia Amigueti F">F García-Amigueti</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ortells Polo, Ma" uniqKey="Ortells Polo M">MA Ortells-Polo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mui Os Haro, P" uniqKey="Mui Os Haro P">P Muiños-Haro</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gallego Gonzalez, J" uniqKey="Gallego Gonzalez J">J Gallego-González</name></author><author><name sortKey="Carral Olondris, Jn" uniqKey="Carral Olondris J">JN Carral-Olondris</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ambardekar, M" uniqKey="Ambardekar M">M Ambardekar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pandya, S" uniqKey="Pandya S">S Pandya</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ahuja, P" uniqKey="Ahuja P">P Ahuja</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gangadharan, L" uniqKey="Gangadharan L">L Gangadharan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sreekanth, C" uniqKey="Sreekanth C">C Sreekanth</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vasnaik, Mc" uniqKey="Vasnaik M">MC Vasnaik</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Wicri/Santé/explor/EdenteV1/Data/Main/Merge
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 001193 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Merge/biblio.hfd -nk 001193 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Wicri/Santé
|area= EdenteV1
|flux= Main
|étape= Merge
|type= RBID
|clé= PMC:3883391
|texte= Difficult laryngoscopy and intubation in the Indian population: An assessment of anatomical and clinical risk factors
}}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Merge/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:24403616" \
| HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Merge/biblio.hfd \
| NlmPubMed2Wicri -a EdenteV1
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.33. |  |