Variation in arterial supply to the floor of the mouth and assessment of relative hemorrhage risk in implant surgery
Identifieur interne : 000868 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000867; suivant : 000869Variation in arterial supply to the floor of the mouth and assessment of relative hemorrhage risk in implant surgery
Auteurs : Yuji Katsumi ; Ray Tanaka ; Takafumi Hayashi ; Taketo Koga ; Ritsuo Takagi ; Hayato OhshimaSource :
- Clinical Oral Implants Research [ 0905-7161 ] ; 2013-04.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Airway obstruction, Anteriorly, Arterial supply, Branch patterns, Cadaver, Carcinoma, Chemotherapy, Clin, Clinician, Deep lingual artery, Dental sciences, Digastric, Digastric muscle, Facial, Facial arteries, Facial artery, Foramen, High hemorrhage risk, Human cadavers, Hyoglossus muscle, Hypoglossal nerve, Impl, Implant, Implant placement, Implant surgery, Infusion, International journal, Katsumi, Large branches, Lingual, Lingual arteries, Lingual artery, Lingual foramen, Lingual nerve, Mandible, Maxillofacial, Maxillofacial implants, Maxillofacial surgery, Mylohyoid, Mylohyoid line, Mylohyoid muscle, Mylohyoid nerve, Niigata, Oral impl, Perforation, Sublingual, Sublingual arteries, Sublingual artery, Sublingual fossa, Sublingual gland, Sublingual space, Submandibular, Submandibular duct, Submandibular gland, Submental, Submental arteries, Submental artery, Superselective.
- Teeft :
- Airway obstruction, Anteriorly, Arterial supply, Branch patterns, Cadaver, Carcinoma, Chemotherapy, Clin, Clinician, Deep lingual artery, Dental sciences, Digastric, Digastric muscle, Facial, Facial arteries, Facial artery, Foramen, High hemorrhage risk, Human cadavers, Hyoglossus muscle, Hypoglossal nerve, Impl, Implant, Implant placement, Implant surgery, Infusion, International journal, Katsumi, Large branches, Lingual, Lingual arteries, Lingual artery, Lingual foramen, Lingual nerve, Mandible, Maxillofacial, Maxillofacial implants, Maxillofacial surgery, Mylohyoid, Mylohyoid line, Mylohyoid muscle, Mylohyoid nerve, Niigata, Oral impl, Perforation, Sublingual, Sublingual arteries, Sublingual artery, Sublingual fossa, Sublingual gland, Sublingual space, Submandibular, Submandibular duct, Submandibular gland, Submental, Submental arteries, Submental artery, Superselective.
Abstract
Bleeding in the floor of the mouth during implant surgery is attributed to arterial injuries in the sublingual space: clinicians may injure the submental and sublingual arteries, which originate from the facial and lingual arteries, respectively. This study aimed to clarify the three‐dimensional courses of submental and sublingual arteries and their topographic relation to the mandible.
Url:
DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2011.02348.x
Links to Exploration step
ISTEX:E04EC230D9FEED215277E7962DD5E8FF484BCB2ALe document en format XML
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This study aimed to clarify the three‐dimensional courses of submental and sublingual arteries and their topographic relation to the mandible.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><keywords><teeft><json:string>sublingual</json:string><json:string>submental</json:string><json:string>lingual</json:string><json:string>mandible</json:string><json:string>mylohyoid</json:string><json:string>mylohyoid muscle</json:string><json:string>submental artery</json:string><json:string>sublingual artery</json:string><json:string>implant</json:string><json:string>implant surgery</json:string><json:string>sublingual space</json:string><json:string>sublingual gland</json:string><json:string>sublingual arteries</json:string><json:string>lingual artery</json:string><json:string>submental arteries</json:string><json:string>lingual arteries</json:string><json:string>arterial supply</json:string><json:string>digastric 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University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Ray Tanaka</name><affiliations><json:string>Division of Maxillofacial Radiology, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Takafumi Hayashi</name><affiliations><json:string>Division of Maxillofacial Radiology, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Taketo Koga</name><affiliations><json:string>Koga Techno Garden Dental Clinic, Chiba, Japan</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Ritsuo Takagi</name><affiliations><json:string>Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Oral Health Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Hayato Ohshima</name><affiliations><json:string>Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology of the Hard Tissue, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan</json:string><json:string>Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology of the Hard TissueDepartment of Tissue Regeneration and ReconstructionNiigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences2‐5274 Gakkocho‐dori, Chuo‐kuNiigata 951‐8514JapanTel.: +81 25 227 2812Fax: +81 25 227 0804e‐mail:</json:string><json:string>E-mail: histoman@dent.niigata-u.ac.jp</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>arteries</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>cadaver</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>dental implantation</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>dissection</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>humans</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>mandible</value></json:item></subject><articleId><json:string>CLR2348</json:string></articleId><arkIstex>ark:/67375/WNG-NV59NJ89-K</arkIstex><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>Bleeding in the floor of the mouth during implant surgery is attributed to arterial injuries in the sublingual space: clinicians may injure the submental and sublingual arteries, which originate from the facial and lingual arteries, respectively. This study aimed to clarify the three‐dimensional courses of submental and sublingual arteries and their topographic relation to the mandible.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>7.419</score><pdfWordCount>4747</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>29077</pdfCharCount><pdfVersion>1.3</pdfVersion><pdfPageCount>7</pdfPageCount><pdfPageSize>595.276 x 782.362 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><abstractWordCount>56</abstractWordCount><abstractCharCount>389</abstractCharCount><keywordCount>6</keywordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Variation in arterial supply to the floor of the mouth and assessment of relative hemorrhage risk in implant surgery</title><pmid><json:string>22092873</json:string></pmid><genre><json:string>article</json:string></genre><host><title>Clinical Oral Implants Research</title><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><doi><json:string>10.1111/(ISSN)1600-0501</json:string></doi><issn><json:string>0905-7161</json:string></issn><eissn><json:string>1600-0501</json:string></eissn><publisherId><json:string>CLR</json:string></publisherId><volume>24</volume><issue>4</issue><pages><first>434</first><last>440</last><total>7</total></pages><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre><subject><json:item><value>Original Article</value></json:item></subject></host><namedEntities><unitex><date><json:string>2011</json:string><json:string>2011-10-01</json:string></date><geogName></geogName><orgName><json:string>Niigata University</json:string><json:string>Department of Oral Health Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences</json:string><json:string>American Journal of Roentgenology</json:string><json:string>SPSS Japan, Tokyo, Japan</json:string><json:string>American Dental Association</json:string><json:string>Hitachi Medical Corp, Tokyo, Japan</json:string><json:string>American Journal of Otolaryngology</json:string><json:string>Japan Ray Tanaka, Takafumi Hayashi, Division of Maxillofacial Radiology, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction</json:string><json:string>Japan Yuji Katsumi, Ritsuo Takagi, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery</json:string><json:string>Japan Tel</json:string><json:string>Japan Taketo Koga, Koga Techno Garden Dental Clinic, Chiba, Japan Corresponding</json:string><json:string>Division of Anatomy</json:string><json:string>Materialise Dental Japan Inc, Tokyo, Japan</json:string><json:string>Hard Tissue Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction</json:string></orgName><orgName_funder></orgName_funder><orgName_provider></orgName_provider><persName><json:string>John Wiley</json:string><json:string>Journal</json:string><json:string>Biology</json:string></persName><placeName><json:string>Ulm</json:string><json:string>Niigata</json:string><json:string>Ohshima</json:string><json:string>Ikushima</json:string></placeName><ref_url></ref_url><ref_bibl><json:string>Kalpidis & Setayesh 2004</json:string><json:string>Laboda 1990</json:string><json:string>Mordenfeld et al. 1997</json:string><json:string>Mardinger et al. 2007</json:string><json:string>Hirai et al. 1999</json:string><json:string>Givol et al. 2000</json:string><json:string>Tagaya et al. 2009</json:string><json:string>Woo et al. 2006</json:string><json:string>Dubois et al. 2010</json:string><json:string>Bavitz et al. 1994</json:string><json:string>Bruggenkate et al. 1993</json:string><json:string>Nakamura et al. 2011</json:string><json:string>Korogi et al. 1995</json:string><json:string>Loukas et al. 2008</json:string><json:string>Rosano et al. 2009</json:string><json:string>Liang et al. 2007</json:string><json:string>Gonzalez-Garcia et al. 2006</json:string><json:string>Ikushima et al. 2008</json:string><json:string>Hofschneider et al. 1999</json:string><json:string>Katsumi et al</json:string><json:string>Mason et al. 1990</json:string></ref_bibl><bibl></bibl></unitex></namedEntities><ark><json:string>ark:/67375/WNG-NV59NJ89-K</json:string></ark><categories><wos><json:string>1 - science</json:string><json:string>2 - engineering, biomedical</json:string><json:string>2 - dentistry, oral surgery & medicine</json:string></wos><scienceMetrix><json:string>1 - health sciences</json:string><json:string>2 - clinical medicine</json:string><json:string>3 - dentistry</json:string></scienceMetrix><scopus><json:string>1 - Health Sciences</json:string><json:string>2 - Dentistry</json:string><json:string>3 - Oral 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School of Medical and Dental Sciences</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Niigata</settlement><country key="JP">Japan</country></address></affiliation><affiliation><orgName>Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery</orgName><orgName>Department of Oral Health Science</orgName><orgName>Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Niigata</settlement><country key="JP">Japan</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0001"><persName><forename type="first">Ray</forename><surname>Tanaka</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Division of Maxillofacial Radiology</orgName><orgName>Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction</orgName><orgName>Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Niigata</settlement><country key="JP">Japan</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0002"><persName><forename type="first">Takafumi</forename><surname>Hayashi</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Division of Maxillofacial Radiology</orgName><orgName>Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction</orgName><orgName>Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Niigata</settlement><country key="JP">Japan</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0003"><persName><forename type="first">Taketo</forename><surname>Koga</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Koga Techno Garden Dental Clinic</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Chiba</settlement><country key="JP">Japan</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0004"><persName><forename type="first">Ritsuo</forename><surname>Takagi</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery</orgName><orgName>Department of Oral Health Science</orgName><orgName>Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Niigata</settlement><country key="JP">Japan</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0005" role="corresp"><persName><forename type="first">Hayato</forename><surname>Ohshima</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology of the Hard Tissue</orgName><orgName>Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Niigata</settlement><country key="JP">Japan</country></address></affiliation><affiliation>Corresponding author: Hayato Ohshima Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology of the Hard Tissue Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences 2‐5274 Gakkocho‐dori, Chuo‐ku Niigata 951‐8514 Japan Tel.: +81 25 227 2812 Fax: +81 25 227 0804 e‐mail: histoman@dent.niigata-u.ac.jp</affiliation></author><idno type="istex">E04EC230D9FEED215277E7962DD5E8FF484BCB2A</idno><idno type="ark">ark:/67375/WNG-NV59NJ89-K</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/j.1600-0501.2011.02348.x</idno><idno type="unit">CLR2348</idno><idno type="toTypesetVersion">file:CLR.CLR2348.pdf</idno></analytic><monogr><title level="j" type="main">Clinical Oral Implants Research</title><title level="j" type="alt">CLINICAL ORAL IMPLANTS RESEARCH</title><idno type="pISSN">0905-7161</idno><idno type="eISSN">1600-0501</idno><idno type="book-DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1600-0501</idno><idno type="book-part-DOI">10.1111/clr.2013.24.issue-4</idno><idno type="product">CLR</idno><imprint><biblScope unit="vol">24</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">4</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="434">434</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="440">440</biblScope><biblScope unit="page-count">7</biblScope><date type="published" when="2013-04"></date></imprint></monogr></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><abstract style="main" xml:id="clr2348-abs-0001"><head>Abstract</head>
Objectives
<p>Bleeding in the floor of the mouth during implant surgery is attributed to arterial injuries in the sublingual space: clinicians may injure the submental and sublingual arteries, which originate from the facial and lingual arteries, respectively. This study aimed to clarify the three‐dimensional courses of submental and sublingual arteries and their topographic relation to the mandible.</p>
Materials and methods
<p>During the gross anatomy course at the Faculty of Dentistry and Graduate School, Niigata University (2009–2011), we investigated the relationship between the courses of submental and sublingual arteries and their dividing patterns of the mylohyoid muscle, sublingual gland, and mandible using 27 human cadavers.</p>
Results
<p>The courses of submental and sublingual arteries were divided into four patterns: (1) the sublingual space was supplied by the sublingual artery (type I: 63%), (2) it was supplied by both the sublingual and submental arteries (type <hi rend="fc">II</hi>: 5.6%), (3) it was supplied by the submental artery without the sublingual artery (type <hi rend="fc">III</hi>: 29.6%), and (4) type <hi rend="fc">III</hi> without the deep lingual artery originated from the lingual artery (type <hi rend="fc">IV</hi>: 1.8%). In type <hi rend="fc">II</hi>, <hi rend="fc">III</hi>, and <hi rend="fc">IV</hi>, the submental artery perforates the mylohyoid muscle or takes a roundabout route to travel near the surface of the mandible. The percentage occurrence of arteries traveling between the sublingual gland and mandible in type <hi rend="fc">II</hi>, <hi rend="fc">III</hi>, and <hi rend="fc">IV</hi> (55%) is higher than that in type I (8.8%).</p>
Conclusion
<p>Susceptibility of the submental artery in type <hi rend="fc">II</hi>, <hi rend="fc">III</hi>, and <hi rend="fc">IV</hi> to injury during implant surgery is suggested.</p></abstract><textClass><keywords><term xml:id="clr2348-kwd-0001">arteries</term><term xml:id="clr2348-kwd-0002">cadaver</term><term xml:id="clr2348-kwd-0003">dental implantation</term><term xml:id="clr2348-kwd-0004">dissection</term><term xml:id="clr2348-kwd-0005">humans</term><term xml:id="clr2348-kwd-0006">mandible</term></keywords><keywords rend="articleCategory"><term>Original Article</term></keywords><keywords rend="tocHeading1"><term>Original Articles</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en"></language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/E04EC230D9FEED215277E7962DD5E8FF484BCB2A/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component type="serialArticle" version="2.0" xml:id="clr2348" xml:lang="en"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1111/(ISSN)1600-0501</doi><issn type="print">0905-7161</issn><issn type="electronic">1600-0501</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="CLR"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title sort="CLINICAL ORAL IMPLANTS RESEARCH" type="main">Clinical Oral Implants Research</title><title type="short">Clin. Oral Impl. Res.</title></titleGroup></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="part" position="40"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/clr.2013.24.issue-4</doi><copyright ownership="publisher">Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons A/S</copyright><numberingGroup><numbering type="journalVolume" number="24">24</numbering><numbering type="journalIssue">4</numbering></numberingGroup><coverDate startDate="2013-04">April 2013</coverDate></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="unit" position="120" status="forIssue" type="article"><doi>10.1111/j.1600-0501.2011.02348.x</doi><idGroup><id type="unit" value="CLR2348"></id></idGroup><countGroup><count number="7" type="pageTotal"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="articleCategory">Original Article</title><title type="tocHeading1">Original Articles</title></titleGroup><copyright ownership="publisher">© 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S</copyright><eventGroup><event date="2011-09-18" type="manuscriptAccepted"></event><event agent="SPS" date="2011-10-01" type="xmlCreated"></event><event type="publishedOnlineEarlyUnpaginated" date="2011-10-20"></event><event type="firstOnline" date="2011-10-20"></event><event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2013-03-07"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WILEY_ML3G_TO_WILEY_ML3GV2 version:4.0.1" date="2014-03-12"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.6.4 mode:FullText" date="2015-10-03"></event></eventGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst">434</numbering><numbering type="pageLast">440</numbering></numberingGroup><correspondenceTo><lineatedText><line><b>Corresponding author:</b></line><line><i>Hayato Ohshima</i></line><line>Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology of the Hard Tissue</line><line>Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction</line><line>Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences</line><line>2‐5274 Gakkocho‐dori, Chuo‐ku</line><line>Niigata 951‐8514</line><line>Japan</line><line>Tel.: +81 25 227 2812</line><line>Fax: +81 25 227 0804</line><line>e‐mail: <email>histoman@dent.niigata-u.ac.jp</email></line></lineatedText></correspondenceTo><selfCitationGroup><citation type="self" xml:id="clr2348-cit-0027"><author><familyName>Katsumi</familyName> <givenNames>Y</givenNames></author>, <author><familyName>Tanaka</familyName> <givenNames>R</givenNames></author>, <author><familyName>Hayashi</familyName> <givenNames>T</givenNames></author>, <author><familyName>Koga</familyName> <givenNames>T</givenNames></author>, <author><familyName>Takagi</familyName> <givenNames>R</givenNames></author>, <author><familyName>Ohshima</familyName> <givenNames>H</givenNames></author>. <articleTitle>Variation in arterial supply to the floor of the mouth and assessment of relative hemorrhage risk in implant surgery</articleTitle>. <journalTitle>Clin. Oral Impl. Res.</journalTitle> <vol>24</vol>, <pubYear year="2013">2013</pubYear>, <pageFirst>434</pageFirst>–<pageLast>440</pageLast>.</citation></selfCitationGroup><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:CLR.CLR2348.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><titleGroup><title type="main">Variation in arterial supply to the floor of the mouth and assessment of relative hemorrhage risk in implant surgery</title><title type="shortAuthors">Katsumi et al</title></titleGroup><creators><creator affiliationRef="#clr2348-aff-0001 #clr2348-aff-0003" creatorRole="author" xml:id="clr2348-cr-0001"><personName><givenNames>Yuji</givenNames> <familyName>Katsumi</familyName></personName></creator><creator affiliationRef="#clr2348-aff-0002" creatorRole="author" xml:id="clr2348-cr-0002"><personName><givenNames>Ray</givenNames> <familyName>Tanaka</familyName></personName></creator><creator affiliationRef="#clr2348-aff-0002" creatorRole="author" xml:id="clr2348-cr-0003"><personName><givenNames>Takafumi</givenNames> <familyName>Hayashi</familyName></personName></creator><creator affiliationRef="#clr2348-aff-0004" creatorRole="author" xml:id="clr2348-cr-0004"><personName><givenNames>Taketo</givenNames> <familyName>Koga</familyName></personName></creator><creator affiliationRef="#clr2348-aff-0003" creatorRole="author" xml:id="clr2348-cr-0005"><personName><givenNames>Ritsuo</givenNames> <familyName>Takagi</familyName></personName></creator><creator affiliationRef="#clr2348-aff-0001" corresponding="yes" creatorRole="author" xml:id="clr2348-cr-0006"><personName><givenNames>Hayato</givenNames> <familyName>Ohshima</familyName></personName></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation countryCode="JP" type="organization" xml:id="clr2348-aff-0001"><orgDiv>Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology of the Hard Tissue</orgDiv> <orgName>Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences</orgName> <address><city>Niigata</city> <country>Japan</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="JP" type="organization" xml:id="clr2348-aff-0002"><orgDiv>Division of Maxillofacial Radiology</orgDiv> <orgDiv>Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction</orgDiv> <orgName>Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences</orgName> <address><city>Niigata</city> <country>Japan</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="JP" type="organization" xml:id="clr2348-aff-0003"><orgDiv>Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery</orgDiv> <orgDiv>Department of Oral Health Science</orgDiv> <orgName>Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences</orgName> <address><city>Niigata</city> <country>Japan</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="JP" type="organization" xml:id="clr2348-aff-0004"><orgName>Koga Techno Garden Dental Clinic</orgName> <address><city>Chiba</city> <country>Japan</country></address></affiliation></affiliationGroup><keywordGroup type="author"><keyword xml:id="clr2348-kwd-0001">arteries</keyword><keyword xml:id="clr2348-kwd-0002">cadaver</keyword><keyword xml:id="clr2348-kwd-0003">dental implantation</keyword><keyword xml:id="clr2348-kwd-0004">dissection</keyword><keyword xml:id="clr2348-kwd-0005">humans</keyword><keyword xml:id="clr2348-kwd-0006">mandible</keyword></keywordGroup><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:id="clr2348-abs-0001"><title type="main">Abstract</title><section xml:id="clr2348-sec-0001"><title type="main">Objectives</title><p>Bleeding in the floor of the mouth during implant surgery is attributed to arterial injuries in the sublingual space: clinicians may injure the submental and sublingual arteries, which originate from the facial and lingual arteries, respectively. This study aimed to clarify the three‐dimensional courses of submental and sublingual arteries and their topographic relation to the mandible.</p></section><section xml:id="clr2348-sec-0002"><title type="main">Materials and methods</title><p>During the gross anatomy course at the Faculty of Dentistry and Graduate School, Niigata University (2009–2011), we investigated the relationship between the courses of submental and sublingual arteries and their dividing patterns of the mylohyoid muscle, sublingual gland, and mandible using 27 human cadavers.</p></section><section xml:id="clr2348-sec-0003"><title type="main">Results</title><p>The courses of submental and sublingual arteries were divided into four patterns: (1) the sublingual space was supplied by the sublingual artery (type I: 63%), (2) it was supplied by both the sublingual and submental arteries (type <fc>II</fc>: 5.6%), (3) it was supplied by the submental artery without the sublingual artery (type <fc>III</fc>: 29.6%), and (4) type <fc>III</fc> without the deep lingual artery originated from the lingual artery (type <fc>IV</fc>: 1.8%). In type <fc>II</fc>, <fc>III</fc>, and <fc>IV</fc>, the submental artery perforates the mylohyoid muscle or takes a roundabout route to travel near the surface of the mandible. The percentage occurrence of arteries traveling between the sublingual gland and mandible in type <fc>II</fc>, <fc>III</fc>, and <fc>IV</fc> (55%) is higher than that in type I (8.8%).</p></section><section xml:id="clr2348-sec-0004"><title type="main">Conclusion</title><p>Susceptibility of the submental artery in type <fc>II</fc>, <fc>III</fc>, and <fc>IV</fc> to injury during implant surgery is suggested.</p></section></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Variation in arterial supply to the floor of the mouth and assessment of relative hemorrhage risk in implant surgery</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Variation in arterial supply to the floor of the mouth and assessment of relative hemorrhage risk in implant surgery</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Yuji</namePart><namePart type="family">Katsumi</namePart><affiliation>Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology of the Hard Tissue, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan</affiliation><affiliation>Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Oral Health Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Ray</namePart><namePart type="family">Tanaka</namePart><affiliation>Division of Maxillofacial Radiology, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Takafumi</namePart><namePart type="family">Hayashi</namePart><affiliation>Division of Maxillofacial Radiology, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Taketo</namePart><namePart type="family">Koga</namePart><affiliation>Koga Techno Garden Dental Clinic, Chiba, Japan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Ritsuo</namePart><namePart type="family">Takagi</namePart><affiliation>Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Oral Health Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Hayato</namePart><namePart type="family">Ohshima</namePart><affiliation>Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology of the Hard Tissue, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan</affiliation><affiliation>Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology of the Hard TissueDepartment of Tissue Regeneration and ReconstructionNiigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences2‐5274 Gakkocho‐dori, Chuo‐kuNiigata 951‐8514JapanTel.: +81 25 227 2812Fax: +81 25 227 0804e‐mail:</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: histoman@dent.niigata-u.ac.jp</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="article" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-6N5SZHKN-D">article</genre><originInfo><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2013-04</dateIssued><dateCreated encoding="w3cdtf">2011-10-01</dateCreated><dateValid encoding="w3cdtf">2011-09-18</dateValid><edition>Katsumi Y, Tanaka R, Hayashi T, Koga T, Takagi R, Ohshima H. Variation in arterial supply to the floor of the mouth and assessment of relative hemorrhage risk in implant surgery. Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 24, 2013, 434–440.</edition><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2013</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><abstract>Bleeding in the floor of the mouth during implant surgery is attributed to arterial injuries in the sublingual space: clinicians may injure the submental and sublingual arteries, which originate from the facial and lingual arteries, respectively. This study aimed to clarify the three‐dimensional courses of submental and sublingual arteries and their topographic relation to the mandible.</abstract><abstract>During the gross anatomy course at the Faculty of Dentistry and Graduate School, Niigata University (2009–2011), we investigated the relationship between the courses of submental and sublingual arteries and their dividing patterns of the mylohyoid muscle, sublingual gland, and mandible using 27 human cadavers.</abstract><abstract>The courses of submental and sublingual arteries were divided into four patterns: (1) the sublingual space was supplied by the sublingual artery (type I: 63%), (2) it was supplied by both the sublingual and submental arteries (type II: 5.6%), (3) it was supplied by the submental artery without the sublingual artery (type III: 29.6%), and (4) type III without the deep lingual artery originated from the lingual artery (type IV: 1.8%). In type II, III, and IV, the submental artery perforates the mylohyoid muscle or takes a roundabout route to travel near the surface of the mandible. The percentage occurrence of arteries traveling between the sublingual gland and mandible in type II, III, and IV (55%) is higher than that in type I (8.8%).</abstract><abstract>Susceptibility of the submental artery in type II, III, and IV to injury during implant surgery is suggested.</abstract><subject><genre>keywords</genre><topic>arteries</topic><topic>cadaver</topic><topic>dental implantation</topic><topic>dissection</topic><topic>humans</topic><topic>mandible</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Clinical Oral Implants Research</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>Clin. Oral Impl. 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