Periodontitis and atherosclerosis: an observational study
Identifieur interne : 000412 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000411; suivant : 000413Periodontitis and atherosclerosis: an observational study
Auteurs : M. Morado Pinho ; R. Faria-Almeida ; E. Azevedo ; M. Conceição Manso ; L. MartinsSource :
- Journal of Periodontal Research [ 0022-3484 ] ; 2013-08.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Atheroma, Atheroma plaque, Atheroma plaque group, Atherosclerosis, Atherosclerotic, Atherosclerotic plaques, Cardiovascular, Cardiovascular disease, Cardiovascular diseases, Carotid, Carotid artery, Carotid atherosclerosis, Control group, Coronary heart disease, Health sciences, John wiley sons, Moderate periodontitis, Multivariate, Multivariate analysis, Periodontal, Periodontal bacteria, Periodontal disease, Periodontal examination, Periodontitis, Periodontitis severity, Periodontol, Plaque, Plaque index, Risk factor, Severe periodontitis, Slight periodontitis, Smoker, Test group, University fernando pessoa.
- Teeft :
- Atheroma, Atheroma plaque, Atheroma plaque group, Atherosclerosis, Atherosclerotic, Atherosclerotic plaques, Cardiovascular, Cardiovascular disease, Cardiovascular diseases, Carotid, Carotid artery, Carotid atherosclerosis, Control group, Coronary heart disease, Health sciences, John wiley sons, Moderate periodontitis, Multivariate, Multivariate analysis, Periodontal, Periodontal bacteria, Periodontal disease, Periodontal examination, Periodontitis, Periodontitis severity, Periodontol, Plaque, Plaque index, Risk factor, Severe periodontitis, Slight periodontitis, Smoker, Test group, University fernando pessoa.
Abstract
Poor oral health has been related with cardiovascular diseases. Specifically, periodontitis has been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Our aim was to evaluate the relationship between the degree of carotid atherosclerosis and severity of periodontitis in a patient cohort.
Url:
DOI: 10.1111/jre.12026
Links to Exploration step
ISTEX:70A28B0AD33C314DD666C876AC16BC9ED5D578DCLe document en format XML
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Faria-Almeida</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Division of Oral Surgery and Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Azevedo, E" sort="Azevedo, E" uniqKey="Azevedo E" first="E." last="Azevedo">E. Azevedo</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology, Hospital São João and Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Conceicao Manso, M" sort="Conceicao Manso, M" uniqKey="Conceicao Manso M" first="M." last="Conceição Manso">M. 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Specifically, periodontitis has been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. 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Morado Pinho</name><affiliations><json:string>Division of Periodontology, Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal</json:string><json:string>Mónica Pinho, MsC, Rua Pinheiro Manso, 594B, 5.1, 4100‐411 Porto, Portugal.Tel: +351 933375838Fax: +351 225193259e‐mail:</json:string><json:string>E-mail: monicampinho@hotmail.com</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>R. Faria‐Almeida</name><affiliations><json:string>Division of Oral Surgery and Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>E. Azevedo</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Neurology, Hospital São João and Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>M. Conceição Manso</name><affiliations><json:string>Division of Biostatistics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal</json:string><json:string>REQUIMTE‐UP, Porto, Portugal</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>L. Martins</name><affiliations><json:string>Head of Faculty of Health Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>chronic periodontitis</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>carotid disease</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>periodontal medicine</value></json:item></subject><articleId><json:string>JRE12026</json:string></articleId><arkIstex>ark:/67375/WNG-QJLFZ621-5</arkIstex><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>Poor oral health has been related with cardiovascular diseases. Specifically, periodontitis has been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Our aim was to evaluate the relationship between the degree of carotid atherosclerosis and severity of periodontitis in a patient cohort.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>6.062</score><pdfWordCount>3582</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>25536</pdfCharCount><pdfVersion>1.7</pdfVersion><pdfPageCount>6</pdfPageCount><pdfPageSize>595.276 x 793.701 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><abstractWordCount>40</abstractWordCount><abstractCharCount>289</abstractCharCount><keywordCount>3</keywordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Periodontitis and atherosclerosis: an observational study</title><pmid><json:string>23278448</json:string></pmid><genre><json:string>article</json:string></genre><host><title>Journal of Periodontal Research</title><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><doi><json:string>10.1111/(ISSN)1600-0765</json:string></doi><issn><json:string>0022-3484</json:string></issn><eissn><json:string>1600-0765</json:string></eissn><publisherId><json:string>JRE</json:string></publisherId><volume>48</volume><issue>4</issue><pages><first>452</first><last>457</last><total>6</total></pages><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre><subject><json:item><value>Original Article</value></json:item></subject></host><namedEntities><unitex><date><json:string>2001</json:string><json:string>2030</json:string><json:string>2012-10-20</json:string><json:string>2007</json:string><json:string>2008</json:string><json:string>1980s</json:string></date><geogName></geogName><orgName><json:string>WHO</json:string><json:string>Portugal Background</json:string><json:string>Department of Neurology, Hospital</json:string><json:string>Manufacturing Inc., Chicago</json:string><json:string>University of Porto</json:string><json:string>Division of Biostatistics</json:string><json:string>World Health Statistics</json:string><json:string>Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal</json:string><json:string>Division of Oral Surgery</json:string><json:string>SPSS Inc.</json:string><json:string>World Health Organization</json:string></orgName><orgName_funder></orgName_funder><orgName_provider></orgName_provider><persName><json:string>M. 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Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd</licence></availability><date type="published" when="2013-08"></date></publicationStmt><notesStmt><note type="content-type" subtype="article" source="article" scheme="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-6N5SZHKN-D">article</note><note type="publication-type" subtype="journal" scheme="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-0GLKJH51-B">journal</note></notesStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="article"><analytic><title level="a" type="main"><hi rend="fc">P</hi>eriodontitis and atherosclerosis: an observational study</title><author xml:id="author-0000" role="corresp"><persName><forename type="first">M. Morado</forename><surname>Pinho</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Division of Periodontology</orgName><orgName>Department of Dentistry</orgName><orgName>Faculty of Health Sciences</orgName><orgName>University Fernando Pessoa</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Porto</settlement><country key="PT">Portugal</country></address></affiliation><affiliation>Mónica Pinho, MsC, Rua Pinheiro Manso, 594B, 5.1, 4100‐411 Porto, Portugal. Tel: +351 933375838 Fax: +351 225193259 e‐mail: monicampinho@hotmail.com</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0001"><persName><forename type="first">R.</forename><surname>Faria‐Almeida</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Division of Oral Surgery and Medicine</orgName><orgName>Faculty of Dentistry</orgName><orgName>University of Porto</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Porto</settlement><country key="PT">Portugal</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0002"><persName><forename type="first">E.</forename><surname>Azevedo</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Department of Neurology</orgName><orgName>Hospital São João and Faculty of Medicine</orgName><orgName>University of Porto</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Porto</settlement><country key="PT">Portugal</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0003"><persName><forename type="first">M.</forename><surname>Conceição Manso</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Division of Biostatistics</orgName><orgName>Faculty of Health Sciences</orgName><orgName>University Fernando Pessoa</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Porto</settlement><country key="PT">Portugal</country></address></affiliation><affiliation><orgName>REQUIMTE‐UP</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Porto</settlement><country key="PT">Portugal</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0004"><persName><forename type="first">L.</forename><surname>Martins</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Head of Faculty of Health Sciences</orgName><orgName>University Fernando Pessoa</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Porto</settlement><country key="PT">Portugal</country></address></affiliation></author><idno type="istex">70A28B0AD33C314DD666C876AC16BC9ED5D578DC</idno><idno type="ark">ark:/67375/WNG-QJLFZ621-5</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/jre.12026</idno><idno type="unit">JRE12026</idno><idno type="toTypesetVersion">file:JRE.JRE12026.pdf</idno></analytic><monogr><title level="j" type="main">Journal of Periodontal Research</title><title level="j" type="alt">JOURNAL OF PERIODONTAL RESEARCH</title><idno type="pISSN">0022-3484</idno><idno type="eISSN">1600-0765</idno><idno type="book-DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1600-0765</idno><idno type="book-part-DOI">10.1111/jre.2013.48.issue-4</idno><idno type="product">JRE</idno><imprint><biblScope unit="vol">48</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">4</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="452">452</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="457">457</biblScope><biblScope unit="page-count">6</biblScope><date type="published" when="2013-08"></date></imprint></monogr></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><abstract style="main" xml:id="jre12026-abs-0001">
Background
<p>Poor oral health has been related with cardiovascular diseases. Specifically, periodontitis has been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Our aim was to evaluate the relationship between the degree of carotid atherosclerosis and severity of periodontitis in a patient cohort.</p>
Methods
<p>Fifty adult patients receiving carotid duplex scans in a cerebral hemodynamics lab were included in the study. Ultrasound protocol included measurement of carotid intima–media thickness (<hi rend="fc">IMT</hi>), which is a marker of atherosclerosis, and characterization of any atherosclerotic plaques in the cervical common and internal carotid arteries. Patients were divided into two main groups: the test group had <hi rend="fc">IMT</hi> ≥ 1 mm or the presence of any carotid atherosclerotic plaque, and the control group had <hi rend="fc">IMT</hi> < 1 mm and absence of atherosclerotic plaques. Periodontal evaluation was performed in all the teeth and characterized according to the clinical attachment level, which between 1 mm and 2 mm was classified as slight, 3 mm and 4 mm as moderate and ≥5 mm as severe.</p>
Results
<p>The control group included 15 (30%), while the test group included 35 (70%) subjects. The most common diagnosis was severe periodontitis (40%); moderate and slight periodontitis were also frequent occurrences (32% and 28%, respectively). In the control group, 53.3% had slight, 33.3% had moderate and 13.3% had severe periodontitis. In the test group, those percentages were respectively 22.2%, 44.4% and 33.3%. Patients with atheroma plaque had the highest percentage of severe periodontitis (70.6%). More severe periodontitis was related to atherosclerosis (<hi rend="italic">P</hi> = 0.007).</p>
Conclusion
<p>This study showed an association between periodontitis severity and carotid atherosclerosis, suggesting that periodontal disease might be a risk indicator for atherosclerotic disease.</p></abstract><textClass><keywords><term xml:id="jre12026-kwd-0001">chronic periodontitis</term><term xml:id="jre12026-kwd-0002">carotid disease</term><term xml:id="jre12026-kwd-0003">periodontal medicine</term></keywords><keywords rend="articleCategory"><term>Original Article</term></keywords><keywords rend="tocHeading1"><term>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en"></language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/70A28B0AD33C314DD666C876AC16BC9ED5D578DC/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component type="serialArticle" version="2.0" xml:id="jre12026" xml:lang="en"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1111/(ISSN)1600-0765</doi><issn type="print">0022-3484</issn><issn type="electronic">1600-0765</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="JRE"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title sort="JOURNAL OF PERIODONTAL RESEARCH" type="main">Journal of Periodontal Research</title><title type="short">J Periodontal Res</title></titleGroup></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="part" position="08104"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/jre.2013.48.issue-4</doi><copyright ownership="publisher">Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons A/S</copyright><numberingGroup><numbering type="journalVolume" number="48">48</numbering><numbering type="journalIssue">4</numbering></numberingGroup><coverDate startDate="2013-08">August 2013</coverDate></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="unit" position="70" status="forIssue" type="article"><doi>10.1111/jre.12026</doi><idGroup><id type="unit" value="JRE12026"></id></idGroup><countGroup><count number="6" type="pageTotal"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="articleCategory">Original Article</title><title type="tocHeading1">ORIGINAL ARTICLES</title></titleGroup><copyright ownership="publisher">© 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd</copyright><eventGroup><event date="2012-09-26" type="manuscriptAccepted"></event><event agent="SPS" date="2012-10-20" type="xmlCreated"></event><event agent="SPS" date="2012-12-29" type="xmlCorrected"></event><event type="publishedOnlineEarlyUnpaginated" date="2012-12-30"></event><event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2013-06-20"></event><event type="firstOnline" date="2012-12-30"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WILEY_ML3G_TO_WILEY_ML3GV2 version:3.8.8" date="2014-02-01"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.6.4 mode:FullText" date="2015-10-03"></event></eventGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst">452</numbering><numbering type="pageLast">457</numbering></numberingGroup><correspondenceTo><lineatedText><line>Mónica Pinho, MsC, Rua Pinheiro Manso, 594B, 5.1, 4100‐411 Porto, Portugal.</line><line>Tel: +351 933375838</line><line>Fax: +351 225193259</line><line>e‐mail: <email>monicampinho@hotmail.com</email></line></lineatedText></correspondenceTo><selfCitationGroup><citation type="self" xml:id="jre12026-cit-1001"><author><familyName>Morado Pinho</familyName> <givenNames>M</givenNames></author>, <author><familyName>Faria‐Almeida</familyName> <givenNames>R</givenNames></author>, <author><familyName>Azevedo</familyName> <givenNames>E</givenNames></author>, <author><familyName>Manso</familyName> <givenNames>MC</givenNames></author>, <author><familyName>Martins</familyName><givenNames>L</givenNames></author> <articleTitle>Periodontitis and atherosclerosis: an observational study</articleTitle>. <journalTitle>J Periodont Res</journalTitle> <pubYear year="2013">2013</pubYear>; <vol>48</vol>: <pageFirst>452</pageFirst>–<pageLast>457</pageLast>. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd</citation></selfCitationGroup><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:JRE.JRE12026.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><titleGroup><title type="main"><fc>P</fc>eriodontitis and atherosclerosis: an observational study</title><title type="shortAuthors"><i>Pinho</i> et al.</title></titleGroup><creators><creator affiliationRef="#jre12026-aff-0001" corresponding="yes" creatorRole="author" xml:id="jre12026-cr-0001"><personName><givenNames>M. Morado</givenNames> <familyName>Pinho</familyName></personName></creator><creator affiliationRef="#jre12026-aff-0002" creatorRole="author" xml:id="jre12026-cr-0002"><personName><givenNames>R.</givenNames> <familyName>Faria‐Almeida</familyName></personName></creator><creator affiliationRef="#jre12026-aff-0003" creatorRole="author" xml:id="jre12026-cr-0003"><personName><givenNames>E.</givenNames><familyName>Azevedo</familyName></personName></creator><creator affiliationRef="#jre12026-aff-0004 #jre12026-aff-0005" creatorRole="author" xml:id="jre12026-cr-0004"><personName><givenNames>M.</givenNames> <familyName>Conceição Manso</familyName></personName></creator><creator affiliationRef="#jre12026-aff-0006" creatorRole="author" xml:id="jre12026-cr-0005"><personName><givenNames>L.</givenNames> <familyName>Martins</familyName></personName></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation countryCode="PT" type="organization" xml:id="jre12026-aff-0001"><orgDiv>Division of Periodontology</orgDiv> <orgDiv>Department of Dentistry</orgDiv> <orgDiv>Faculty of Health Sciences</orgDiv> <orgName>University Fernando Pessoa</orgName> <address><city>Porto</city> <country>Portugal</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="PT" type="organization" xml:id="jre12026-aff-0002"><orgDiv>Division of Oral Surgery and Medicine</orgDiv> <orgDiv>Faculty of Dentistry</orgDiv> <orgName>University of Porto</orgName> <address><city>Porto</city> <country>Portugal</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="PT" type="organization" xml:id="jre12026-aff-0003"><orgDiv>Department of Neurology</orgDiv> <orgDiv>Hospital São João and Faculty of Medicine</orgDiv> <orgName>University of Porto</orgName> <address><city>Porto</city> <country>Portugal</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="PT" type="organization" xml:id="jre12026-aff-0004"><orgDiv>Division of Biostatistics</orgDiv> <orgDiv>Faculty of Health Sciences</orgDiv> <orgName>University Fernando Pessoa</orgName> <address><city>Porto</city> <country>Portugal</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="PT" type="organization" xml:id="jre12026-aff-0005"><orgName>REQUIMTE‐UP</orgName> <address><city>Porto</city> <country>Portugal</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="PT" type="organization" xml:id="jre12026-aff-0006"><orgDiv>Head of Faculty of Health Sciences</orgDiv> <orgName>University Fernando Pessoa</orgName> <address><city>Porto</city> <country>Portugal</country></address></affiliation></affiliationGroup><keywordGroup type="author"><keyword xml:id="jre12026-kwd-0001">chronic periodontitis</keyword><keyword xml:id="jre12026-kwd-0002">carotid disease</keyword><keyword xml:id="jre12026-kwd-0003">periodontal medicine</keyword></keywordGroup><fundingInfo><fundingAgency>Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia</fundingAgency><fundingNumber>PEst‐C/EQB/LA0006/2011</fundingNumber></fundingInfo><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:id="jre12026-abs-0001"><section xml:id="jre12026-sec-0001"><title type="main">Background</title><p>Poor oral health has been related with cardiovascular diseases. Specifically, periodontitis has been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Our aim was to evaluate the relationship between the degree of carotid atherosclerosis and severity of periodontitis in a patient cohort.</p></section><section xml:id="jre12026-sec-0002"><title type="main">Methods</title><p>Fifty adult patients receiving carotid duplex scans in a cerebral hemodynamics lab were included in the study. Ultrasound protocol included measurement of carotid intima–media thickness (<fc>IMT</fc>), which is a marker of atherosclerosis, and characterization of any atherosclerotic plaques in the cervical common and internal carotid arteries. Patients were divided into two main groups: the test group had <fc>IMT</fc> ≥ 1 mm or the presence of any carotid atherosclerotic plaque, and the control group had <fc>IMT</fc> < 1 mm and absence of atherosclerotic plaques. Periodontal evaluation was performed in all the teeth and characterized according to the clinical attachment level, which between 1 mm and 2 mm was classified as slight, 3 mm and 4 mm as moderate and ≥5 mm as severe.</p></section><section xml:id="jre12026-sec-0003"><title type="main">Results</title><p>The control group included 15 (30%), while the test group included 35 (70%) subjects. The most common diagnosis was severe periodontitis (40%); moderate and slight periodontitis were also frequent occurrences (32% and 28%, respectively). In the control group, 53.3% had slight, 33.3% had moderate and 13.3% had severe periodontitis. In the test group, those percentages were respectively 22.2%, 44.4% and 33.3%. Patients with atheroma plaque had the highest percentage of severe periodontitis (70.6%). More severe periodontitis was related to atherosclerosis (<i>P</i> = 0.007).</p></section><section xml:id="jre12026-sec-0004"><title type="main">Conclusion</title><p>This study showed an association between periodontitis severity and carotid atherosclerosis, suggesting that periodontal disease might be a risk indicator for atherosclerotic disease.</p></section></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Periodontitis and atherosclerosis: an observational study</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Periodontitis and atherosclerosis: an observational study</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">M. Morado</namePart><namePart type="family">Pinho</namePart><affiliation>Division of Periodontology, Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal</affiliation><affiliation>Mónica Pinho, MsC, Rua Pinheiro Manso, 594B, 5.1, 4100‐411 Porto, Portugal.Tel: +351 933375838Fax: +351 225193259e‐mail:</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: monicampinho@hotmail.com</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">R.</namePart><namePart type="family">Faria‐Almeida</namePart><affiliation>Division of Oral Surgery and Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">E.</namePart><namePart type="family">Azevedo</namePart><affiliation>Department of Neurology, Hospital São João and Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">M.</namePart><namePart type="family">Conceição Manso</namePart><affiliation>Division of Biostatistics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal</affiliation><affiliation>REQUIMTE‐UP, Porto, Portugal</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">L.</namePart><namePart type="family">Martins</namePart><affiliation>Head of Faculty of Health Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="article" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-6N5SZHKN-D">article</genre><originInfo><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2013-08</dateIssued><dateCreated encoding="w3cdtf">2012-10-20</dateCreated><dateValid encoding="w3cdtf">2012-09-26</dateValid><edition>Morado Pinho M, Faria‐Almeida R, Azevedo E, Manso MC, MartinsL Periodontitis and atherosclerosis: an observational study. J Periodont Res 2013; 48: 452–457. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd</edition><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2013</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><abstract>Poor oral health has been related with cardiovascular diseases. Specifically, periodontitis has been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Our aim was to evaluate the relationship between the degree of carotid atherosclerosis and severity of periodontitis in a patient cohort.</abstract><abstract>Fifty adult patients receiving carotid duplex scans in a cerebral hemodynamics lab were included in the study. Ultrasound protocol included measurement of carotid intima–media thickness (IMT), which is a marker of atherosclerosis, and characterization of any atherosclerotic plaques in the cervical common and internal carotid arteries. Patients were divided into two main groups: the test group had IMT ≥ 1 mm or the presence of any carotid atherosclerotic plaque, and the control group had IMT < 1 mm and absence of atherosclerotic plaques. Periodontal evaluation was performed in all the teeth and characterized according to the clinical attachment level, which between 1 mm and 2 mm was classified as slight, 3 mm and 4 mm as moderate and ≥5 mm as severe.</abstract><abstract>The control group included 15 (30%), while the test group included 35 (70%) subjects. The most common diagnosis was severe periodontitis (40%); moderate and slight periodontitis were also frequent occurrences (32% and 28%, respectively). In the control group, 53.3% had slight, 33.3% had moderate and 13.3% had severe periodontitis. In the test group, those percentages were respectively 22.2%, 44.4% and 33.3%. Patients with atheroma plaque had the highest percentage of severe periodontitis (70.6%). More severe periodontitis was related to atherosclerosis (P = 0.007).</abstract><abstract>This study showed an association between periodontitis severity and carotid atherosclerosis, suggesting that periodontal disease might be a risk indicator for atherosclerotic disease.</abstract><note type="funding">Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia - No. PEst‐C/EQB/LA0006/2011; </note><subject><genre>keywords</genre><topic>chronic periodontitis</topic><topic>carotid disease</topic><topic>periodontal medicine</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Journal of Periodontal Research</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>J Periodontal Res</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-0GLKJH51-B">journal</genre><subject><genre>article-category</genre><topic>Original Article</topic></subject><identifier type="ISSN">0022-3484</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1600-0765</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1600-0765</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">JRE</identifier><part><date>2013</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>48</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>4</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>452</start><end>457</end><total>6</total></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">70A28B0AD33C314DD666C876AC16BC9ED5D578DC</identifier><identifier type="ark">ark:/67375/WNG-QJLFZ621-5</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/jre.12026</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">JRE12026</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons A/S© 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S. 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